Bushe Kuti Mwa-asuka ifi Fipusho?

Bushe bashimapepo abaYuda abaliko mu nshiku sha kwa Yesu balemona shani abantu yaweyawe?

▪ Mu nshita sha batumwa, bashimucindikwa na bashimapepo ba mu Israele balisuulile abantu abashasambilile. Inshita imo abaFarise baitile abantu yaweyawe ukuti: “Ili ibumba ilishaishiba Amafunde lyalitiipwa.”—Yohane 7:49.

Ifitabo fimo fitila bashimucindikwa na bashimapepo balisuulile sana abashasambilile kabili balebeta ukuti ʽam ha·ʼaʹrets, nelyo “abantu ba mu calo.” Pa kubala ili shiwi balelibomfya nga balelanda pa bantu bonse abaleikala mu ncende imo kabili lyali lishiwi lya mucinshi. E lyo lyalesanshamo bonse fye, abapiina na balanda e lyo na bashimucindikwa bene.—2 Ishamfumu 23:35; Esekiele 22:29.

Lelo mu nshiku sha kwa Yesu, ili shiwi balelibomfya ku bantu abo basuulile, abo balemona ukuti tabaishibe Amafunde ya kwa Mose nelyo abalefilwa ukukonka amafunde yonse aya bakasambilisha. Icitabo ca Mishnah (umwali ifyebo ifyo baishilebomfya pa kulemba icitabo ca Talmud) calikeenye ukwikala mu mayanda ya ba ʽam ha·ʼaʹrets. Icitabo citila The Encyclopedia of Talmudic Sages, catila kasambilisha uwaliko mu myaka ya ba 100 C.E., Kasambilisha Meir alesambilisha ukuti: “Umuntu nga aufya umwana wakwe umukashana ku mu am ha’aretz ninshi cili kwati akakila umwana wakwe no kumubika pa ntanshi ya nkalamo e lyo yanina pali ena ilyo ishilamulya.” Icitabo ca Talmud na co calanda pali kasambilisha umbi uwatile “abantu abashasambilila tabakabuushiwe.”

Muli Baibolo, bushe ishina lya kuti Kaisare lyalola mwi?

▪ Ishina lya kuti Kaisare lyali lishina lya cina Roma ilya lupwa ulo Gaius Julius Kaisare afyalilwemo, uwaishileba kateka wa bena Roma mu 46 B.C.E. Bakateka abengi abaishilekonkapo basalilepo ukulabeta ishina lya kuti Kaisare, ukubikako na bakateka batatu abo Baibolo yalandapo, e kutila Augusti, Tiberi, na Klaudi.—Luka 2:1; 3:1; Imilimo 11:28.

Mu 14 C.E., Tiberi aishileba kateka kabili e wali kateka pa myaka yonse iyo Yesu alebomba umulimo wa kushimikila. E wali kateka ilyo Yesu ayaswike icipusho ico bamwipwishe pa kulipila umusonko. Yesu ayaswike ukuti: “Peeleni ifya kwa Kaisare kuli Kaisare, ne fya kwa Lesa kuli Lesa.” (Marko 12:17) Ukwabula no kutwishika, Yesu talelanda fye pali Tiberi. Lelo, ishina lya kuti “Kaisare” lyalepilibula ubuteko, e kutila Icalo.

Nalimo mu mwaka wa 58 C.E. ilyo Paulo bamufyengele pa kumupingula, atwele umulandu kuli Kaisare. Apo Paulo ali mwina Roma alikwete insambu sha kucita ifyo. (Imilimo 25:8-11) Ilyo atwele umulandu kuli Kaisare, Paulo talelomba ukuti Nero, uwali kateka pali ilya nshita, e o akamupingule, lelo alelomba ukuti batwale umulandu ku cilye icikalamba.

Ili shina lya kuti Kaisare lyaishileba ilumbo lya bakateka bonse aba mu lupwa lwa kwa Kaisare ica kuti na lintu aba muli ulu lupwa balekele ukuteka, bakateka abena Roma balitwalilile ukulibomfya.

[Icikope pe bula 29]

Denari ya Silfere apaba umutwe wa kwa Tiberi