Yehova ni Lesa wa Fipingo
“Nkapinge cipingo cipya ku ba ŋanda ya kwa Israele.”—YEREMIA 31:31.
1, 2. (a) Kusefya nshi Yesu atendeke pa bushiku bwa Nisani 14, 33 C.E.? (b) Cipingo nshi Yesu alelandapo ukukuma ku mfwa yakwe?
PA BUSHIKU bwa Nisani 14, 33 C.E., Yesu asefeshe ica Kucilila na batumwa bakwe 12. Apantu alishibe ukuti ici e ca kulya ca kulekelesha na bene no kuti mu kwangufyanya abalwani bakwe baali no kumwipaya, Yesu abomfeshe aka kashita bwino ku kulondolola ifingi ifyakatama ku basambi bakwe abapalamisha.—Yohane 13:1–17:26.
2 Cali ni pali iyi nshita, pa numa ya kutamfya Yuda Iskariote, Yesu aimike ukusefya kwa mipepele ukwa cila mwaka kumo fye mpo Abena Kristu bakambishiwa ukusefya—Icibukisho ca mfwa yakwe. Ubulondoloshi busosa ukuti: “Awe ilyo bene balelya, Yesu abuulile umukate, no kutootela, alimokawile, apeele na ku basambi, no kutila, Buuleni, mulye; uyu mubili wandi. Kabili ilyo abuulile ulukombo no kutootela, apeele kuli bene, ati, Nwenimo bonse; pantu ulu mulopa wandi uwa cipingo cipya, uulesuumina abengi ku kulekelelwe membu.” (Mateo 26:26-28) Abakonshi ba kwa Yesu bali no kwibukisha imfwa yakwe mu nshila yaanguka, iya mucinshi. Kabili Yesu aloseshe ku cipingo mu kulundanya ku mfwa yakwe. Mu bulondoloshi bwa kwa Luka, citwa “icipingo cipya.”—Luka 22:20.
3. Fipusho nshi fipushiwa pa lwa cipingo cipya?
3 Bushe icipingo cipya cinshi? Nga ca kuti cipingo cipya, bushe cilepilibula ukuti kwaliba icipingo ca kale? Bushe kwalibako ifipingo fimbi ifyakuma kuli cene? Ifi fipusho fyalikatama pa mulandu wa kuti Yesu asosele ukuti umulopa wa cipingo uketilwa “ku kulekelelwe membu.” Bonse ifwe tulafwaisha ukulekelelwa kwa musango yu.—Abena Roma 3:23.
Icipingo na Abrahamu
4. Bulayo nshi ubwa kale ubutwaafwa ukumfwikisha icipingo cipya?
4 Pa kumfwikisha icipingo cipya, tulekabila ukubwelela ku numa mupepi ne myaka 2,000 ilyo Yesu ashilatendeka ubutumikishi bwa pe sonde ukufika ku nshita lintu Tera no lupwa lwakwe—ukusanshako Abramu (uwaishile mu kwitwa Abrahamu) no mukashi wa kwa Abramu, Sarai (uwaishile mu kwitwa Sara)—baendele ukufuma ku calo ca busambashi ica Uri ica bena Kaldi ukuya ku Harani ku kapinda ka kuso aka Mesopotamia. Baikele kulya ukufikila Tera afwa. Lyene, pa kukambishiwa na Yehova, Abrahamu uwali ne myaka 75 aabwike umumana wa Yufrate no kulola lwa pa kati ka kapinda ka kulyo na masamba ukuya ku Kanaani ku kwikala ubumi bwa bumululumba mu mahema. (Ukutendeka 11:31–12:1, 4, 5; Imilimo 7:2-5) Ico cali mu 1943 B.C.E. Ilyo Abrahamu aali acili mu Harani, Yehova aali namweba ati: “Nkakucito kubo luko lukalamba, kabili nkakupaala, no kukushe shina lyobe, nobe ukabe paalo: abakupaala nkabapaala, no wakutiipa nkamutiipa: kabili shikapaalilwa muli iwe indupwa shonse isha pe sonde.” Pa nshita imbi, ilyo Abrahamu aali nafika mu Kanaani, Yehova alundilepo ukuti: “Ku bufyashi bobe nkapeele calo ici.”—Ukutendeka 12:2, 3, 7.
5. Ubulayo bwa kwa Yehova kuli Abrahamu bukuma ku busesemo nshi ubwa kale?
5 Ubulayo kuli Abrahamu bwakumine ku bulayo na bumbi ubwa kwa Yehova. Cine cine, bwalengele Abrahamu ukulumbuka mu lyashi lya kale ilya muntu, ukubimbwamo mu kufikilishiwa kwa busesemo bwa kubalilapo ubwatala abulembwa. Lintu Adamu na Efa babembwike mwi bala lya Edene, Yehova apingwile bonse babili, kabili pa kashita kamo kene, aebele Satana uwalufishe Efa, ukuti: “Ndebika no bulwani pa kati ka iwe no mwanakashi, kabili pa kati ka bufyashi bobe no bufyashi bwakwe: bwene bwakulakulasa ku mutwe, nobe wakulabulasa ku citende.” (Ukutendeka 3:15) Icipingo ca kwa Yehova na Abrahamu calangilile ukuti Ubufyashi umo imilimo ya kwa Satana ikonaulwa bukafuma mu mutande wa cilya cikolwe.
6. (a) Ni muli ani umo ubulayo bwa kwa Yehova kuli Abrahamu bwali no kufikilishiwa? (b) Bushe icipingo ca kwa Abrahamu cinshi?
6 Apantu ubulayo bwa kwa Yehova bwakumine ku bufyashi, Abrahamu alekabila umwana mwaume umo ubo Bufyashi bwingeshila. Lelo wene na Sara bakotele ukwabula umwana. Nangu ni fyo, Yehova asukile abapaala, mu cipesha mano ababukulwile amaka ya kufyala, na Sara afyalile Abrahamu umwana mwaume, Isaki, na muli fyo ukusungilila ubulayo bwa bufyashi. (Ukutendeka 17:15-17; 21:1-7) Pa numa ya myaka, lintu aeseshe icitetekelo ca kwa Abrahamu—ukufika fye na ku kwesha ukuifwaila kwa kupeela umwana wakwe uo atemwa, Isaki, nge lambo—Yehova abwekeshepo ubulayo bwakwe kuli Abrahamu ukuti: “Ukupaala nkakupaala, kabili ukufusha nkafusho bufyashi bobe nge ntanda sha mu muulu, kabili ngo musensenga uuli pa nembenembe ya bemba; kabili ubufyashi bobe bukakwate mpongolo ya mulwani wa buko; kabili mu bufyashi bobe e mo shikaifwailo kupaalwa inko shonse isha pano isonde; pa kuti nuumfwe shiwi lyandi.” (Ukutendeka 22:15-18) Ubu bulayo bwalundwako ilingi bwitwa icipingo ca kwa Abrahamu, kabili icipingo cipya ica ku ntanshi cali no kukuma sana kuli bwene.
7. Ni shani fintu ubufyashi bwa kwa Abrahamu bwatendeke ukufula, kabili finshi fyabalengele ukuba abekashi mu Egupti?
7 Mu nshita, Isaki akwete bampundu abaume, Esau na Yakobo. Yehova asalile Yakobo ukuba icikolwe ca Bufyashi Bwalaiwe. (Ukutendeka 28:10-15; Abena Roma 9:10-13) Yakobo akwete abana baume 12. Ukwabulo kutwishika, nomba yali ni nshita ya bufyashi bwa kwa Abrahamu ukutendeka ukufula. Lintu abana ba kwa Yakobo bakulile, abengi ne ndupwa shabo, bapatikishiwe ku cipowe ukukuukila ku Egupti uko, umwana wa kwa Yakobo Yosefe ali napekanya inshila ukupitila mu kutungulula kwa buLesa. (Ukutendeka 45:5-13; 46:26, 27) Pa numa ya myaka inono, icipowe mu Kanaani calipwile. Lelo ulupwa lwa kwa Yakobo lwaikele mu Egupti—pa kubala nga beni lelo mu kuya kwa nshita nga basha. Cali fye ni mu 1513 B.C.E., pa numa ya myaka 430 ukutula apo Abrahamu ayabukile umumana wa Yufrate, e lintu Mose atungulwile intuntuko sha kwa Yakobo ukufuma mu Egupti ukuya ku kulubuka. (Ukufuma 1:8-14; 12:40, 41; Abena Galatia 3:16, 17) Nomba Yehova kuti asakamana mu nshila yaibela icipingo cakwe na Abrahamu.—Ukufuma 2:24; 6:2-5.
“Icipingo ca Kale”
8. Cinshi Yehova apingile no bufyashi bwa kwa Yakobo pa Sinai, kabili ici cakumineko shani ku cipingo ca kwa Abrahamu?
8 Lintu Yakobo na bana bakwe bakukiile ku Egupti, baali lupwa lukalamba, lelo intuntuko shabo bashile Egupti nge bumba lya mikowa iyingi. (Ukufuma 1:5-7; 12:37, 38) Ilyo Yehova talabaleta ku Kanaani, abatwele lwa ku kapinda ka ku kulyo kwi samba lya lupili lwa Horebu (nelyo Sinai) mu Arabia. Kulya apangile icipingo na bene. Ici caishileitwa “icipingo ca kale” ukulinganya ku “cipingo cipya.” (2 Abena Korinti 3:14) Ukupitila mu cipingo ca kale, Yehova afikilishe mu nshila ya mampalanya ubulayo bwakwe na Abrahamu.
9. (a) Fintu nshi fine ifyo Yehova alaile ukupitila mu cipingo ca kwa Abrahamu? (b) Filolelo nshi fimbi ifyo icipingo ca kwa Yehova na Israele capayenye, kabili fyashintilile pali cinshi?
9 Yehova alondolwelele Israele ifyabimbilwe mu cipingo ukuti: “Ukuumfwa nga mwakulaumfwe shiwi lyandi, no kubake cipope candi, ninshi mwakulaba kuli ine icikwatwa icaibela mu bantu na bantu bonse pantu icalo conse candi: na imwe mwakulaba kuli ine ubufumu bwa bashimapepo kabili uluko lwa mushilo.” (Ukufuma 19:5, 6) Yehova alaile ukuti ubufyashi bwa kwa Abrahamu bukaba (1) uluko lukalamba, (2) bukacimfya ifilwani fya buko, (3) bukapyana icalo ca Kanaani, no (4) kuba inshila umwa kupitila amapaalo ku nko. Nomba asokolwele ifyo kuti bakwata aya mapaalo nga bantu bakwe abaibela, Israele, “ubufumu bwa bashimapepo kabili uluko lwa mushilo,” nga ca kuti fye baumfwila amakambisho yakwe. Bushe abena Israele balisumine ukwingila muli ici cipingo? Bonse bayasukile capamo ukuti: “Conse ico Yehova asosele, twakulacita.”—Ukufuma 19:8.
10. Ni shani fintu Yehova ateyenye abena Israele ukubo luko, kabili finshi aleenekela kuli bene?
10 E co, Yehova ateyenye Israele ukuba uluko. Abapeele amafunde pa lwa kupepa na pa lwa mikalile. Na kabili apayenye ihema (na pa numa, itempele mu Yerusalemu) na bashimapepo aba kubomba umulimo washila mwi hema. Ukusunga icipingo capilibwile ukumfwila amafunde ya kwa Yehova, maka maka, ukupepa fye wene eka. Ifunde lya kubalilapo ilya Amafunde 10 apashintilile yalya mafunde lyali lya kuti: “Ni ne Yehova Lesa obe uwakufumishe mu calo ca Egupti, mu ŋanda ya busha. Wilaba na milungu imbi pa cinso candi.”—Ukufuma 20:2, 3.
Amapaalo Ukupitila mu Cipingo ce Funde
11, 12. Ni mu nshila nshi umo amalayo mu cipingo ca kale yafikilishiwe kuli Israele?
11 Bushe amalayo mu cipingo ce Funde yalifikilishiwe kuli Israele? Bushe Israele alisangwike “uluko lwa mushilo”? Pamo nga bafuma kuli Adamu, abena Israele bali babembu. (Abena Roma 5:12) Nalyo line, ukulingana ne Funde, amalambo yalepeelwa ku kulekelelwa imembu shabo. Ukulosha ku malambo yalepeelwa pa Bushiku bwa Kukonsolwela ubwa cila mwaka, Yehova asosele ukuti: “Mu bushiku ubu e mo mulekonsolwelwa ku kumusangulula; ku membu shenu shonse mulesanguluka ku cinso ca kwa Yehova.” (Ubwina Lebi 16:30) Na muli fyo, lintu baumfwilile, abena Israele baleba uluko lwa mushilo, abasangululwa ku mulimo wa kwa Yehova. Lelo ukuba abasanguluka kwashintilile pa kumfwila Ifunde no kutwalilila ukupeela amalambo.
12 Bushe Israele alisangwike “ubufumu bwa bashimapepo”? Ukutula fye pa kutendeka, ali bufumu, na Yehova nge Mfumu ya mu muulu. (Esaya 33:22) Mu kulundapo, icipingo ce Funde casanshishemo ukupayanya kwa bantu ukuba imfumu, ica kuti ku ntanshi abaleimininako Yehova bali ni mfumu mu Yerusalemu. (Amalango 17:14-18) Lelo bushe Israele aali ubufumu bwa bashimapepo? Kwena, alikwete bashimapepo abalebomba umulimo washila kwi hema. Ihema (ku nshita ya ku ntanshi, itempele) e cali icifulo cacindama ica kupepa kwasanguluka ku bena Israele na ku bashili abena Israele. Kabili uluko e lwali inshila yeka iya cine casokololwa ku bantu. (2 Imilandu 6:32, 33; Abena Roma 3:1, 2) Bashimapepo ba bwina Lebi na bena Israele ba busumino bonse bene baali “inte” sha kwa Yehova. Israele aali ‘mubomfi’ wa kwa Yehova uwapangilwe ku ‘kulondolola ukumutasha.’ (Esaya 43:10, 21) Abengi abena fyalo abaicefya balimwene amaka ya kwa Yehova ku bantu bakwe kabili balicebushiwe ku kupepa kwasanguluka. Basangwike insangu. (Yoshua 2:9-13) Lelo mukowa fye umo uwalebomba nga bashimapepo basubwa.
Insangu mu Israele
13, 14. (a) Mulandu nshi twingasosela ukuti insangu tashabimbilwemo mu cipingo ce Funde? (b) Ni shani fintu insangu shaishiletendeka ukukonka icipingo ce Funde?
13 Cifulo nshi insangu sha musango yu shakwete? Lintu Yehova apangile icipingo cakwe, cali fye na bena Israele; aba “cintobentobe cikalamba” nangula e ko baali, tabalumbwilwemo. (Ukufuma 12:38; 19:3, 7, 8) Amabeli yabo tayasanshiwemo lintu umutengo wa cilubula uwa mabeli ya kwa Israele wapendelwe. (Impendwa 3:44-51) Pa numa ya makumi ya myaka lintu icalo ca Kanaani caakanishiwe pa mikowa ya kwa Israele, tapali icabikiilwe abasumina abashali abena Israele. (Ukutendeka 12:7; Yoshua 13:1-14) Mulandu nshi? Pa mulandu wa kuti Yehova tapingile icipingo ce Funde ne nsangu. Lelo abaume insangu balesembululwa mu kumfwila Ifunde. Balekonka amafunde ya liko, kabili balinonkelemo ku fyo lyapayenye. Insangu na bena Israele bonse baishile mu kutungululwa ne cipingo ce Funde.—Ukufuma 12:48, 49; Impendwa 15:14-16; Abena Roma 3:19.
14 Ku ca kumwenako, nga ca kuti insangu yaipeye umuntu mu kukanaishiba, kuti yafulumukila ku mushi wa kushinamo ukupala umwina Israele. (Impendwa 35:15, 22-25; Yoshua 20:9) Pa Bushiku bwa Kukonsolwela ilambo lyalepeelelwa “ulukuta lonse lwa kwa Israele.” Pamo ngo lubali lwa cilonganino, insangu nasho shalebimbwamo mu fyalecitika ne lambo lyalebomba pali shena. (Ubwina Lebi 16:7-10, 15, 17, 29; Amalango 23:7, 8) Ilyo Ifunde lyali licilipo, insangu shalipalamishe sana ku bena Israele ica kuti pa Pentekoste 33 C.E. lintu ‘ulufungulo lwa bufumu’ ulwa kubalilapo lwabomfiwe ku baYuda, insangu shalinonkelemo nasho shine. Icafuminemo ca kuti, “Nikola insangu umwina Antioke,” asangwike Umwina Kristu kabili ali ‘pa baume cinelubali abashimikwe cisuma’ abasontelwe ukusakamana ifya mu cilonganino ca mu Yerusalemu.—Mateo 16:19; Imilimo 2:5-10; 6:3-6; 8:26-39.
Yehova Apaala Ubufyashi bwa kwa Abrahamu
15, 16. Ni shani fintu icipingo ca kwa Yehova na Abrahamu cafikilishiwe mu cipingo ce Funde?
15 Intuntuko sha kwa Abrahamu pa kuba nashiteyanishiwa ngo luko mwi Funde, Yehova alibapaalile ukulingana ne fyo alaile ici cikolwe. Mu 1473 B.C.E., uwapyene Mose, Yoshua, atungulwile Israele mu Kanaani. Ukwakanya icalo ukwakonkelepo pa mikowa kwafikilishe ubulayo bwa kwa Yehova ku kupeela icalo ku bufyashi bwa kwa Abrahamu. Lintu Israele aali uwa busumino, Yehova afikilishe ubulayo bwakwe ubwa kubalenga ukucimfya abalwani babo. Na kucilisha ici cacitike maka maka mu kuteka kwa Mfumu Davidi. Ukufika ku nshita ya mwana wa kwa Davidi, Solomone, ulubali lwa butatu ulwa cipingo ca kwa Abrahamu lwalifikilishiwe. “Abena Yuda na bena Israele bali abengi ngo musensenga wa pali bemba ku bwingi; ukulya no kunwa no kusamwa.”—1 Ishamfumu 4:20.
16 Lyene, ni shani fintu inko shali no kuipaalila muli Israele, ubufyashi bwa kwa Abrahamu? Nga fintu cilandilwepo kale, Israele aali bantu ba kwa Yehova abaibela, abalemwimininako pa kati ka nko. Mu kwipipa ilyo Israele ashilaingila mu Kanaani, Mose atile: “Awileni abantu bakwe akapundu, mwe nko.” (Amalango 32:43) Abena fyalo abengi balyankwileko. “Icintobentobe cikalamba” bali nabakonka kale Israele ukufuma mu Egupti, balimwene amaka ya kwa Yehova mu matololo, no kumfwa ukulaalika kwa kwa Mose ukuti basekelele. (Ukufuma 12:37, 38) Ku ntanshi, umwina Moabu Ruti aupilwe ku mwina Israele Boasi no kusanguka nacikolwe wa kwa Mesia. (Ruti 4:13-22) Yehonadabu umwina Keni ne ntuntuko shakwe na Ebede-meleke umwina Etiopia baliishibishe abene ukupitila mu kukonka ifishinte fya cine ilintu abafyelwe abena Israele abengi tabali aba busumino. (2 Ishamfumu 10:15-17; Yeremia 35:1-19; 38:7-13) Ilyo Ubuteko bwa bena Persia bwaleteka, abena fyalo abengi balisangwike kabili bali ku lubali lwa kwa Israele mu kulwisha abalwani bakwe.—Estere 8:17, utulembo twa pe samba, NW.
Icipingo Cipya Calekabilwa
17. (a) Mulandu nshi Yehova akaanine ubufumu bwa ku kapinda ka kuso na ka kulyo ubwa kwa Israele? (b) Cinshi calengele ukuti abaYuda bakaanininwe mu kupelako?
17 Nalyo line, pa kuti ubulayo bwa kwa Lesa bonse bufikilishiwe, uluko lwa kwa Lesa ulwaibela lwalekabila ukuba no busumino. Lelo te fyo lwali. Ca cine, kwali abena Israele abakwete icitetekelo capulamo. (AbaHebere 11:32–12:1) Nangu cibe fyo, ilingi uluko lwalepepa tulesa twa cisenshi, ukusubila ifyo kuti banonkako ifyuma. (Yeremia 34:8-16; 44:15-18) Abantu bamo tabalebomfya bwino Ifunde nelyo balilisuulile fye. (Nehemia 5:1-5; Esaya 59:2-8; Malaki 1:12-14) Pa numa ya mfwa ya kwa Solomone, Israele aakanikene mu bufumu bwa ku kapinda ka kuso na ka kulyo. Lintu ubufumu bwa ku kapinda ka kuso bwapondweke umupwilapo, Yehova abilishe ukuti: “Pantu iwe wakaano kwishiba, na ine ndekukaana mu kuba shimapepo kuli ine.” (Hosea 4:6) Ubufumu bwa ku kapinda ka kulyo na bo bwalikandilwepo icibi pa kukanasunga icipingo. (Yeremia 5:29-31) Lintu abaYuda bakeene Yesu nga Mesia, na o Yehova alibakeene. (Imilimo 3:13-15; Abena Roma 9:31–10:4) Yehova asukile atantika cipya cipya ku kuleka icipingo ca kwa Abrahamu cifikilishiwe umupwilapo.—Abena Roma 3:20.
18, 19. Kutantika nshi ukupya uko Yehova atantike ku kuleka icipingo ca kwa Abrahamu cifikilishiwe umupwilapo?
18 Uko kutantika kupya kwali cipingo cipya. Yehova aali nasobele ci lintu asosele ukuti: “Moneni, inshiku shileisa, cisemo ca kwa Yehova, ilyo nkapinge cipingo cipya ku ba ŋanda ya kwa Israele: . . . Ici e cipingo ico nkapinga ku ba ng’anda ya kwa Israele pa numa ya nshiku isho, cisemo ca kwa Yehova; nkabika amalango yandi mu nda shabo, na mu mitima yabo e mo nkayalemba; kabili nkaba Lesa wabo, na bo bakaba abantu bandi.”—Yeremia 31:31-33.
19 Ici e cipingo cipya cintu Yesu alandilepo pa Nisani 14, 33 C.E. Pali ako kashita, asokolwele ukuti icipingo calaiwa cali mupepi no kupangwa pa basambi bakwe na Yehova, na Yesu nga kawiikishanya. (1 Abena Korinti 11:25; 1 Timote 2:5; AbaHebere 12:24) Ukupitila muli ici cipingo cipya, ubulayo bwa kwa Yehova kuli Abrahamu bwali no kufikilishiwa mu bukata bwacilapo kabili ububelelela, nga fintu tukamona mu cipande cikonkelepo.
Bushe Kuti Mwalondolola?
◻ Cinshi Yehova alaile mu cipingo ca kwa Abrahamu?
◻ Ni shani fintu Yehova alengele icipingo ca kwa Abrahamu kuli Israele wa ku mubili ukufikilishiwa?
◻ Ni shani fintu insangu shanonkelemo mu cipingo ca kale?
◻ Mulandu nshi icipingo cipya calekabilwa?
[Icikope pe bula 9]
Ukupitila mu cipingo ce Funde, Yehova afikilishe mu mampalanya icipingo ca kwa Abrahamu