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Ishina lya kwa Lesa mu Amalembo ya ciGriki aya Bena Kristu
Abasambilila sana ifyaba muli Baibo balisumina ukuti ishina lya kwa Lesa ilyalembwa mu filembo fya Tetragramatoni (יהוה), e mo lyaba mu fimfungwa fya kubalilapo ifya Amalembo ya ciHebere imiku mupepi na 7,000. Lelo abengi bamona ukuti mu Amalembo ya ciGriki aya Bena Kristu aya kubalilapo tamwali ili ishina. Ici e calenga ukuti mu maBaibo ayengi aya Cibemba muno nshiku, belabikamo ishina lya kuti Yehova nga balepilibula Amalembo beta ukuti Icipangano Cipya. Na lintu abengi balepilibula ifikomo fimo ifyo ba-ambula mu Amalembo ya ciHebere, apaba ifilembo fya Tetragramatoni babikapo ishiwi lya kuti “Shikulu,” tabalembapo ishina lya kwa Lesa.
Ifi te fyo abapilibwile Baibo ya Amalembo ya Calo Cipya bacitile. Mu Amalembo ya ciGriki aya Bena Kristu, balibikamo ishina lya kuti Yehova ukufika ku miku 237. Imilandu ibili iyacindama iyalengele bacite ifi ni iyi: (1) Amamanyuskripti ya ciGriki ayo twakwata muno nshiku te yalya yene balembele pa kubala. Amamanyuskripti ayengi ayabako pali ino nshita bayalembele nalimo pa numa ya myaka 200 ukutula apo balembele aya kubalilapo. (2) Pali ilya nshita abalekopolola amamanyuskripti twakwata muno nshiku, balelemba ishiwi lya ciGriki ilya kuti Kyʹri·os, ilipilibula ukuti “Shikulu,” ponse apalembelwe Tetragramatoni, nelyo balekopolola mu mamanyuskripiti umo bapyanikepo kale ishiwi lya kuti “Shikulu.”
Abali muli Komiti ya Bapilibwile Baibo ya Amalembo ya Calo Cipya, balishininkishe ukuti ishina lya kuti Yehova mu filembo fya Tetragramatoni e mo lyali mu mamanyuskripti ya kubalilapo aya Amalembo ya ciGriki. Ne fyalengele bashininkishe ni ifi:
Mu fimfungwa fya Amalembo ya ciHebere ifyo balebomfya mu nshiku sha kwa Yesu na batumwa mwali Tetragramatoni. Kale, bantu fye abanono e abalekaana ici icishinka. Nomba apo balisanga amamanyuskripti ya Amalembo ya ciHebere mupepi na ku Qumran ayaliko mu nshita ya batumwa, calimoneka apabuuta tuutu ukuti mu Amalembo ayaliko pali ilya nshita mwali ishina lya kuti Yehova.
Mu nshiku sha kwa Yesu na batumwa, mu Amalembo ya ciHebere ayo bapilibwilile mu ciGriki namo mwine mwali Tetragramatoni. Pa myaka iingi, abasambilila sana ifya mu Baibo baletontonkanya ukuti mu Amalembo ya ciHebere ayo bapilibwilile mu ciGriki (Septuagint ya mu ciGriki) tamwali Tetragramatoni. Lyena pa kati ka ba 1900, basangile ifipimfya fya Septuagint ya mu ciGriki ifyaliko mu nshita ya kwa Yesu. Muli ifi fipimfya mwali ishina lya kwa Lesa mu filembo fya ciHebere. Kanshi mu Amalembo ya mu ciGriki ayaliko mu nshiku sha kwa Yesu ishina lya kwa Lesa e mo lyali. Lelo muli ba 300 ninshi Yesu alibwelelamo ku muulu, mu mamanyuskripti ayakalamba aya Septuagint ya mu ciGriki, pamo nga Codex Vaticanus na Codex Sinaiticus mwena tamwali ishina lya kwa Lesa, ukutendekela fye mwi buuku lya Ukutendeka ukufika na kuli Malaki (lelo mu mamanyuskripti aya kale pali aya, e mo lyali). Kanshi te kuti tupape ifi mu Amalembo ayo beta ukuti Icipangano Cipya nelyo Amalembo ya ciGriki ayo bakopolwele pali ilya nshita ayabako na muno nshiku, mushaba ishina lya kwa Lesa.
Yesu umwine alandile ukuti: “Ine naishila mwi shina lya kwa Tata.” Kabili alilandile ukuti fyonse ifyo alecita, aleficitila mwi ‘shina lya kwa Wishi.’
Amalembo ya ciGriki aya Bena Kristu yalanga ukuti Yesu alelanda pe shina lya kwa Lesa imiku iingi kabili alelenga abantu balishiba. (Yohane 17:6, 11, 12, 26) Yesu umwine alandile ukuti: “Ine naishila mwi shina lya kwa Tata.” Kabili alilandile ukuti fyonse ifyo alecita, aleficitila mwi ‘shina lya kwa Wishi.’—Yohane 5:43; 10:25.
Apo Amalembo ya ciGriki aya Bena Kristu nayo yafuma kuli Lesa nga filya fine Amalembo ya ciHebere nayo yaba, te kuti cilolemo nga ca kuti mwena tabalembelemo ishina lya kwa Lesa. Mu nshita ya batumwa umusambi Yakobo aebele baeluda mu Yerusalemu ukuti: “Sumeone nalondolola bwino bwino ifyo pa muku wa kubalilapo Lesa apilibukiile ku bena fyalo pa kuti abulemo abantu abakwitilwa kwi shina lyakwe.” (Imilimo 15:14) Nga ca kutila mu nshita ya batumwa takwali nangu umo uwaishibe ishina lya lwa Lesa, Yakobo nga talandile aya mashiwi.
Mu Amalembo ya ciGriki aya Bena Kristu, ishina lya kwa Lesa ilyo baipifya e mo lyaba. Pa Ukusokolola 19:1, 3, 4, 6, ishina lya kwa Lesa lyaba mwi shiwi lya kuti “Aleluya.” Ili shiwi lyafuma kwi shiwi lya ciHebere ilipilibula ukuti, “Lumbanyeni Jah.” “Jah” e fyo balemba ishina lya kuti Yehova mu kwipifya. Amashina ayengi ayalembwa mu Amalembo ya ciGriki aya Bena Kristu bayafumishe kwi shina lya kwa Lesa. Na kuba ifitabo fimo filondolola ukuti ishina lya kwa Yesu lipilibula ukuti “Yehova E Pusukilo.”
Ifyalembwa fya kale ifya baYuda filanga ukuti Abena Kristu abaYuda balebomfya ishina lya kwa Lesa mu fyo balelemba. Icalembwa ico baleita ati Tosefta ico balembele muli ba 200 ninshi Yesu alibwelelamo ku muulu, umwali amafunde ya baYuda cilanda pa fyalembwa fya Bena Kristu ifyo baocele pe Sabata ukuti: “Amabuuku ya baleshimikila na mabuuku ya baminim [abo batila bali Bena Kristu abaYuda] baliyocele. Yonse fye baliyocele, baocelele kumo ne Shina lya kwa Lesa ilyalembelwemo.” Ici calembwa calandile ne fyalandile Yosé, Kafundisha wa Mafunde ya baYuda umwina Galili, uwaliko mu kutendeka kwa ba 100 ninshi Yesu alibwelelamo ku muulu. Icalembwa calandile ukuti mu nshiku shimbi isha mu mulungu, “abantu balalepula apalembwa Ishina lya kwa Lesa mu fyalembwa, [ifi fifwile ukuba fyalembwa fya Bena Kristu] no kuyafisungila kumbi, e lyo ifyashala balafyoca.”
Bamo abasambilila sana ifya mu Baibo balasumina ukuti ishina lya kwa Lesa lifwile e mo lyali mu fikomo fya mu Amalembo ya ciGriki ifyo bayambwile mu Amalembo ya ciHebere. Icitabo ca The Anchor Bible Dictionary, pa mutwe uutila “Tetragrammaton in the New Testament” cilanda ukuti: “Kwaliba ubushininkisho bumo ubulanga ukuti ilyo ifyalembwa fya Cipangano Cipya fyalembelwe fye, Tetragramatoni, ishina lya kwa Lesa, Yahweh, e mo yali mu fikomo fimo fimo nelyo mu fikomo fyonse ifyo ba-ambwile mu Cipangano ca Kale.” Uwasambilile sana ifya mu Baibo, George Howard atile: “Apo Tetragramatoni e mo yali mu maBaibo ya ciGriki [Septuagint] ayali Amalembo ye calici lya kubalilapo, te kuti tutwishike ukuti abalembele Icipangano Cipya, tabafumishemo Tetragramatoni iyali mu Amalembo baleambula.”
Bakapilibula ba maBaibo abalumbuka balibomfya ishina lya kwa Lesa mu Amalembo ya ciGriki aya Bena Kristu. Bamo pali aba balibomfeshe ishina lya kwa Lesa ninshi na Baibo ya Amalembo ya Calo Cipya iya mu ciNgeleshi tailabako. Aya e mashina ya maBaibo yamo e lyo na bayapilibwile: A Literal Translation of the New Testament . . . From the Text of the Vatican Manuscript, iyapilibwile Herman Heinfetter (1863); The Emphatic Diaglott, iyapilibwile Benjamin Wilson (1864); The Epistles of Paul in Modern English, iyapilibwile George Barker Stevens (1898); St. Paul’s Epistle to the Romans, iyapilibwile W. G. Rutherford (1900); e lyo na The New Testament Letters, iyapilibwile J.W.C. Wand, Bishop of London (1946). E lyo kabili, mu kutampa kwa ba 1900, kapilibula umwina Spain Pablo Besson, alilembele ishina lya kuti “Jehová” pali Luka 2:15 na pali Yuda 14, muli Baibo apilibwile. Kabili ukucila pa miku 100 mu mafutunoti apilibwile alandile ukuti ishina lya kwa Lesa e mo lyali muli ifi ifikomo pa kubala. Na kuba, kale sana ilyo aya amaBaibo yonse yashilapilibulwa, mu Amalembo ya ciGriki aya Bena Kristu ayo balepilibwila mu ciHebere ukutendeka muli ba 1500 ukuya na ku ntanshi, mu malembo ayengi mwaleba Tetragramatoni. Mu lulimi lwa ciGerman mwaliba amaBaibo yalekanalekana nalimo 11 umwalembwa ishina lya kuti “Jehovah” (nelyo ishina lya kuti “Yahweh” ilyo balembela mu lulimi lwa ciGerman) mu Amalembo ya ciGriki aya Bena Kristu. E lyo mu maBaibo 4, baalembamo ilumbo lya kuti “Shikulu” e lyo babika ishina lya kwa Lesa mu fya kwisalilamo. Na kabili, mu maBaibo ya mu ciGerman ukucila pali 70, balilembamo ishina lya kwa Lesa mu mafutunoti nelyo mu fyebo fyaba ku mpela ya aya maBaibo.
Ishina lya kwa Lesa pa Imilimo 2:34 muli Baibo ya The Emphatic Diaglott, iyapilibwile Benjamin Wilson (1864)
Mu maBaibo ukucila mu ndimi 100 mwaliba ishina lya kwa Lesa mu Amalembo ya ciGriki aya Bena Kristu. Mu ndimi ishingi isha mu Africa, mu America, ku Bulaya ne ndimi balanda pa fishi fya Pacific, balabomfya sana ishina lya kwa Lesa. (Moneni umutande uuli pa mabula 1870 na 1871.) Imilandu iyalengele abapilibwile aya maBaibo yonse babikemo ishina lya kwa Lesa yalipalana ne milandu iyo tulandilepo kale. Yamo pali aya maBaibo ayo balembamo ishina lya kuti Yehova mu Amalembo ya ciGriki aya Bena Kristu ya muno nshiku. Ku ca kumwenako, muli Rotuman Bible (1999), balilembamo ishina “Jihova” imiku 51 mu fikomo 48, kabili muli Baibo ya Batak (Toba) iya mu 1989 iya ku Indonesia, namo mwaliba ishina “Jahowa” imiku 110.
Ishina lya kwa Lesa pali Marko 12:29, 30 muli Baibo ya mu lulimi lwa ku Hawaii
Kanshi twamona ukuti kwaliba imilandu ine ine iilanga ukuti caliba fye bwino ukubwesesha ishina lya kwa Lesa ilya kuti Yehova mu Amalembo ya ciGriki aya Bena Kristu. Ifi fine e fyo abapilibwile Baibo ya Amalembo ya Calo Cipya bacitile. Balicindika sana ishina lya kwa Lesa, kabili tabafwaya ukufumya ifili fyonse muli Baibo ifyalembelwe mu malembo ya kubalilapo pa mulandu wa kuti balatiina Lesa.—Ukusokolola 22:18, 19.