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  • Who Will Lead the Nations to Peace?
    Will There Ever Be a World Without War?
    • 18 Notice the words of the prophecy at Daniel 9:24, 25 (JP): “Seventy weeks are decreed upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sin, and to forgive iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness . . . unto one anointed [“Messiah,” Hebrew, Ma·shiʹach], a prince.” One cannot avoid noticing the link established in the text between the “Messiah” (the Anointed One) and the ‘finishing of transgression and making an end to sin.’ Verse 26 goes on to state that “after the threescore and two weeks shall an anointed one [“Messiah,” Hebrew, Ma·shiʹach] be cut off,” in other words, be killed. (See the box “Who Was the ‘Anointed One’? When Would He Come?”)

      WHO WAS THE ‘ANOINTED ONE’? WHEN WOULD HE COME?

      Daniel 9:24 (JP): “Seventy weeks are decreed upon thy people.”

      What is the purpose of the time period mentioned?

      “To make an end of sin, and to forgive iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal vision and prophet.” From these words alone, one would expect this to be one of the most important prophecies in the Scriptures.

      Daniel 9:26 (JP): “After the threescore and two weeks shall an anointed one [“Messiah,” Hebrew, Ma·shiʹach] be cut off, and be no more.” Notice that the Messiah’s cutting off, or death, would occur before the destruction of the second temple in 70 C.E., as the verse goes on to say: “And the people of a prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary.”

      How do Jewish commentators understand this prophecy?

      There is no one standard, accepted interpretation for this prophecy on the part of Jewish commentators. Some try to relate portions of it to the return from Babylonian exile (537 B.C.E.), others to the period of the Maccabees’ rebellion against the forces of Hellenization (168-165 B.C.E.), and others to the destruction of the second temple by the Romans in 70 C.E., while still others relate portions of the prophecy to a yet future coming of the Messiah.

      On the whole one could say that present-​day Jewish interpretations fall short on two basic points:

      1. They tend to minimize the importance of this prophecy, totally ignoring its stated purpose to bring an end to sin and iniquity and to establish everlasting righteousness.

      2. None of these standard explanations accurately fit into any reasonable time calculation, which was the very purpose in giving Daniel this prophecy in a form that could be used to determine when the fulfillment would come about.​—Compare Daniel 9:2.

      Is there an explanation of this prophecy that harmonizes both with its stated purpose and with historical facts?

      Notice the following:

      Seventy weeks: Jewish commentators almost universally understand this to mean weeks of years, in other words, 490 years. This is in harmony with the Scriptural prophetic calculation of “a year for each day.”​—Numbers 14:34; Leviticus 25:8; Ezekiel 4:6.

      “From the going forth of the word to restore and to build Jerusalem” (Daniel 9:25, JP): Nehemiah relates that in the 20th year of King Artaxerxes, he was given the commission to restore and rebuild Jerusalem. This was in the year 455 B.C.E.​—Nehemiah 2:1-8; see Insight on the Scriptures, Volume 2, pages 614-16, 899-900, published by the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc.

      Seven weeks: Seven weeks (of years, or 49 years) relates to the period of completing the restoration of the city, Jerusalem.

      Sixty-​two weeks: Sixty-​two weeks (of years, or 434 years) relates to the period after the completion of the city until the coming of the Messiah.i

      Adding these two time periods together, one comes to 69 weeks of years, or 483 years. Counting from the starting point of 455 B.C.E. shows the end of the 69th week to be 29 C.E.

      29 C.E.: A Jew named Jesus (Hebrew, Yeshua), born in Bethlehem and raised in Nazareth, from the line of David, begins preaching throughout the land of Israel.​—Luke 3:1-3, 21, 22.

      “And after the sixty-​two weeks Messiah will be cut off” (Daniel 9:26, NW): In the year 33 C.E., Jesus is killed, after preaching for three and a half years. This corresponds to what Daniel 9:27 states.

      “He will cause sacrifice and gift offering to cease” (Daniel 9:27, NW): Jesus spoke of his death as a sacrifice. (Matthew 20:28) It brought a culmination in God’s eyes to the sacrifices offered under the Law covenant. (Hebrews 8:1-13) Jesus’ sacrificial death provided the basis for all that was mentioned in Daniel 9:24.

      It would bring forgiveness of sin.

      It confirmed God’s promises and prophecies.

      It provided a legal basis according to God’s standards for everlasting righteousness in the future.

      All of this occurred, as the prophecy indicated, before the destruction of the second temple.

      Would not any other explanation indicating a past fulfillment fall short of the stated purpose?

      Pointing to a future fulfillment of this prophecy would take it far out of its given time period of 70 weeks of years and it would not be prior to the destruction of Jerusalem’s second temple.

      i The punctuation found in the present-​day Hebrew text (the original Hebrew text had no vowel pointing or punctuation), which causes a different understanding of this time division, is not original but rather is an addition by scribes in the Middle Ages who evidently were reacting to the interpretation of this text as being fulfilled in Jesus.

  • Who Will Lead the Nations to Peace?
    Will There Ever Be a World Without War?
    • 20 For the above reasons, the teaching that the Messiah’s death would make possible the complete forgiveness of sin in God’s sight was readily understood by many first-​century Jews. They knew that the Scriptures spoke of man’s inherent imperfection. (Ecclesiastes 7:20) The need for sacrifice to atone for sin was a lesson perceived daily; it was implicit in the very framework and nature of the Law covenant. The events described in the accounts of Jesus’ life present him as a perfect man whose death could bring atonement for mankind’s sin.f (Matthew 20:28; Luke 1:26-38) When the Christian Greek Scriptures highlighted that the various sacrifices under the Law foreshadowed this one final and complete sacrifice, fuller meaning was given to the entire framework of the Law, as well as to other portions of the Scriptures.g​—Hebrews 10:1-10.

  • Who Will Lead the Nations to Peace?
    Will There Ever Be a World Without War?
    • f The apostle Paul referred to Jesus as the ‘second Adam,’ whose death brought atonement for sin inherited from Adam. (1 Corinthians 15:45-47; Romans 5:12, 15-19) For more information on why such an arrangement was essential, see the section “What Is God’s Purpose for Mankind?,” paragraphs 15-16 and footnote.

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