‘Kino Kikemwikadila Kivulukilo Kyenu’
“Dino difuku dino’di dikemwikadilanga ke dya kivulukilo, ino mukalama’dyo ke dya kidilo kya kudi Yehova.”—DIV. 12:14.
LE UKOKEJA KUSHINTULULA?
Le bene Isalela bādi mu Edipito bādi banenwe kulonga bika pa kuteakanya ne kusoba masobo a Pashika mibajinji?
Lelo Yesu ne batumibwa bālongele Pashika ya mfulo kitatyi’ka, ne i bika byālongekele pa kupwa kwa dino difuku?
Le i ñeni’ka ya kamweno yotubwanya kuboila ku nsekununi ya Pashika mibajinji ne ku Divilu?
1, 2. Le i masobo’ka afwaninwe kutebwa’ko mutyima na bene Kidishitu bonso, ne mwanda waka?
KITATYI kyolangulukilanga pa masobo, le i masobo’ka akwiyanga mu ñeni lubilolubilo? Muntu udi na mwinē pandi ubwanya kunena amba i “masobo a butundaile bwami.” Ku bakwabo nabo, i difuku divulukwanga kinkumenkume kikatampe, kimfwa kitatyi kyāikele yabo ntanda kupebwa bwanapabo. Ino le uyukile masobo a muzo ālongelwe mu myaka 3500 ne kupita?
2 Ano i masobo a Pashika. I masobo a kunyongololwa kwa Isalela wa kala mu bupika bwa Edipito. Kino kinkumenkume kifwaninwe kwikala na mvubu kodi. Mwanda waka? Mwanda kikwatañene na bintu bimo bya mvubu mpata mu bobe būmi. ‘Ino,’ ubwanya kulanga’mba, ‘Bayuda byobādi basoba masobo a Pashika, ami nkidipo Muyuda. Le nkyontela mutyima ku ano masobo i kika?’ Tubwanya kutana malondololo mu bino binenwa bya amba: “Kidishitu, Pashika yetu, waelelwe bu kitapwa.” (1 Kod. 5:7) Pa kuyuka kamweno kadi na buno bubinebine, tusakilwa bidi kuyuka myanda itala Pashika wa Bayuda ne kuyuka muswelo oikwatañene na musoñanya upelwe bene Kidishitu bonso.
PASHIKA—MWANDA WAKA?
3, 4. Le i bintu’ka byālongekele kumeso kwa Pashika mibajinji?
3 Bantu midiyo tutwa na tutwa kujokoloka ntanda yonso ke Bayudapo, bayukile bintu byālongekele kumeso kwa Pashika mibajinji. Bakokeja padi kutanga’byo mu mukanda wa mu Bible wa divilu, kwibivwana mu mānga ibasekunwinwa, nansha kwibitala mu filime ilombola bino bintu.
4 Kitatyi kyādi kimuninwe bene Isalela myaka mivule mu Edipito, Yehova wātumine Mosesa ne mwanabo Alone kudi Felo mwanda wa kukamunena alekelele bantu Bandi. Uno mulopwe wa kibengo mwine Edipito kālekelepo bene Isalela bende, ebiya Yehova wāleta lunkunkwa mulongo lwa bipupo bya bonakani mu ino ntanda. Ku mfulo, Leza watuma kipupo kya dikumi kya kwipaya bana ba bubedi ba bene Edipito, kine kyālengeje Felo ebalekelele.—Div. 1:11; 3:9, 10; 5:1, 2; 11:1, 5.
5. Le bene Isalela bādi bafwaninwe kulonga bika pa kuteakanya kunyongololwa kwabo? (Tala kifwatulo kidi ku ngalwilo.)
5 Ino, le bene Isalela bādi bafwaninwe kulonga bika kumeso kwa kunyongololwa? Mwādi mu kitatyi kya muketeko wa mvula mu 1513 K.K.K., mu kweji wa Bahebelu wa Abibu, wāityilwe mwenda mafuku bu Nisane.a Leza wānene amba mu difuku dya dikumi dya uno kweji, bene Isalela bādi banenwe kushilula kwiteakanya mwa kulondela bintu bimo byādi bya kulongeka mu mafuku 14 a kweji wa Nisane. Dino difuku dyādi dishilula pa kupona kwa dyuba, mwanda mafuku a Bahebelu ādi ashilula pa kupona kwa dyuba kutūla ku kupona kukwabo kwa dyuba. Mu mafuku 14 kweji wa Nisane, kisaka ne kisaka kyādi kinenwe kutapa mukōko mulume (nansha mbuji) ne kushinga mashi amo pa bibelo ne pa ñunji ya njibo. (Div. 12:3-7, 22, 23) Kisaka kyādi kinenwe kudya kana ka mukōko kababe, mukate wambulwa kiyujo ne munamuna. Mwikeulu wa Leza wādi wa kwiya mu ino ntanda kwipaya bana ba bubedi ba bene Edipito, kukinga bene Isalela ba Kikōkeji ne kwibanyongolola.—Div. 12:8-13, 29-32.
6. Le Bantu ba Leza ba pa kala bādi banenwe kumona Pashika namani?
6 Bene Isalela bādi banenwe kuvuluka kunyongololwa kwabo mu myaka yādi īya’ko. Leza wēbasapwidile amba: “Dino difuku dino’di dikemwikadilanga ke dya kivulukilo, ino mukalama’dyo ke dya kidilo kya kudi Yehova; monso monso mu nkongo yonsololo mukekilama ke kidilo kya kitungo kya nyeke ne nyeke-ke.” Masobo ādi alongwa mu difuku dya 14, ādi alondwa na masobo a mafuku asamba-abidi. Difuku dya 14 dya kweji wa Nisane dyādi difuku bine dya Pashika, ino dijina Pashika dyādi dingidijibwa ku mafuku onso a masobo. (Div. 12:14-17; Luka 22:1; Yoa. 18:28; 19:14) Pashika yādi bu masobo amo matongwe ādi afwaninwe kusoba Bahebelu mwaka ne mwaka.—2 Bil. 8:13.
7. Le Yesu wāshilwile kintu’ka pa Pashika ya mfulo?
7 Yesu ne batumibwa bandi byobādi Bayuda bādi munshi mwa Mukanda wa Bijila wa Mosesa, bādi basoba masobo a Pashika a pa mwaka. (Mat. 26:17-19) Musunsa wa mfulo obāsobele masobo, Yesu wāshilwile kintu kipya kyādi kya kuvulukwa mwenda mafuku na balondi bandi mwaka ne mwaka—ke Bidibwa bya Kyolwa bya Mfumwetu kadi. Ino, le bādi banenwe kuvuluka’byo difuku’ka?
BIDIBWA BYA KYOLWA BYA MFUMWETU—DIFUKU’KA?
8. Le i bipangujo’ka byaipangulwa pa mwanda utala Pashika ne Bidibwa bya Kyolwa bya Mfumwetu?
8 Yesu byaāshilwile Bidibwa bya Kyolwa bya Mfumwetu pa kupwa’tu kwa Pashika ya mfulo, kino kintu kipya kyādi kya kulongwa mu difuku dya Pashika. Ino ubwanya padi kumona’mba difuku dya Pashika ya Bayuda dilombwelwe mu makalandadiye a dyalelo, kedikwatañenepo na mafuku mavule otuvulukanga lufu lwa Kidishitu. Mwanda waka padi kwishila? Tutana malondololo amo mu musoñanya wāpelwe bene Isalela na Leza. Pa kupwa kunena’mba “kipwilo kyonso kya kitango kya Isalela kikekepaya” kana ka mukōko, Mosesa wātelele kitatyi kyādi kya kulonga namino mu mafuku 14 kweji wa Nisane.—Tanga Divilu 12:5, 6.
9. Kukwatañana na Divilu 12:6, le kana ka mukōko ka Pashika kādi kepaibwa kitatyi’ka? (Tala ne kapango kanena’mba “Le I pa Kitatyi’ka kya Difuku?”)
9 Dibuku dimo (Le Pentateuques et les Profete) dilombola amba Divilu 12:6 unena’mba, kana ka mukōko kādi kepaibwa “pabukata bwa byolwa bibidi.” Malamuni amo a Bible nao engidija na bunwa bino binenwa. Makwabo nao, kimfwa Tanakh wa Bayuda, wibyalamuna’mba “kapita ke ka ani.” Ino angi nao amba, “ku kiinabulamba,” “kukyolwa mbulu ikupila,” nansha “pa kupona kwa dyuba.” Nanshi kana ka mukōko kādi ka kwipaibwa pa kupwa kwa dyuba kupona ino pakitōka, ku ngalwilo kwa Nisane mafuku 14.
10. Kukwatañana na bantu bamo, le kana ka mukōko kādi kepaibwa kitatyi’ka, ino kino i kilengeje kipangujo’ka?
10 Mwenda mafuku, Bayuda bamo bālangile’mba kwipaya twana twa mikōko twa kwenda nato ku tempelo kwādi kulomba mansá mavule. O mwanda bāivwanije amba Divilu 12:6 ufunkila pa mfulo ya mafuku 14 kweji wa Nisane, pa bukata bwa dyuba ku kusengalala (kyolwa) ne ku mfulo kwa difuku pa kupona kwa dyuba. Ino shi byādi uno muswelo, le bidibwa byādi bidibwa kitatyi’ka? Polofesele Jonathan Klawans, shayuka wa kine Yuda kya pa kala, wānene amba: “Difuku dikwabo dyādi dishilula pa kupona kwa dyuba, o mwanda kitapwa kyādi kyelwa mu difuku dya 14, ino ngalwilo ya Pashika ne bidibwa byādi bilongwa mu difuku dya 15, nansha ano mafuku a kweji byokealombwelwepo mu Divilu.” Kādi wāsonekele amba: “Bitabo bya balabi . . . kebitulombolapo muswelo wādi usobwa Pashika kumeso kwa Tempelo konakanibwa” mu 70 K.K.
11. (a) Le i bika byāfikīle Yesu mu difuku dya Pashika 33 K.K.? (b) Mwanda waka mafuku 15 kweji wa Nisane 33 K.K. āityilwe bu Sabado “mikatampe”? (Tala kunshi kwa dyani.)
11 Nanshi tudi na bubinga bwa kwipangwila’mba, le Pashika ya mu 33 K.K. yādi ilongwa kitatyi’ka? Mu mafuku 13 kweji wa Nisane, difuku dimo kumeso kwa difuku “dine difwaninwe kutapa kitapwa kya Pashika,” Kidishitu wāsapwidile Petelo ne Yoano amba: “Endai muketulongolwele Pashika tudye.” (Luke 22:7, 8) “Nsá . . . yabwana” ya kudya bidibwa bya Pashika, mu mafuku 14 kweji wa Nisane, difuku dya buná ku kyolwa pa kupwa kupona kwa dyuba. Yesu wādya bino bidibwa na batumibwa bandi, kupwa washilula Bidibwa bya ku Kyolwa bya Mfumwetu. (Luka 22:14, 15) Buno bo bufuku bwaākwetwe ne kutompibwa. Yesu wāpopelwe ku mutyi dya kubwipi kwa kweji wa Nisane mafuku 14, ebiya wāfwa mu kino kyolwa. (Yoa. 19:14) Nanshi, “Kidishitu, Pashika yetu, waelelwe bu kitapwa” mu dino difuku kitatyi kyāipailwe kana ka mukōko ka Pashika. (1 Kod. 5:7; 11:23; Mat. 26:2) Mfulo ya difuku dya Bayuda pa kufwena, Yesu wājikwa—kumeso kwa difuku dya 15 kweji wa Nisane kushilula.b—Levi 23:5-7; Luka 23:54.
KIVULUKILO KYA MVUBU KODI
12, 13. Le bana ba Bayuda bādi batalwa namani na masobo a Pashika?
12 Tujokelei’po bidi mu kitatyi kyālongelwe Pashika mu Edipito. Mosesa wānene’mba mu mafuku a kumeso, bantu ba Leza bādi bakwendelela kusoba masobo a Pashika; bādi bakulama’o “nyeke ne nyeke-ke.” Bana nabo byobādi batalwa na kino kivulukilo kya pa mwaka, bādi babwanya kwipangula bambutwile babo bipangujo bya kuyuka mvubu yādi na Pashika. (Tanga Divilu 12:24-27; Kup. 6:20-23) Nanshi, Pashika yādi bu “kivulukilo” kya mvubu’nka ne ku bana.—Div. 12:14.
13 Bashabana bene Isalela bādi bafundija babo bana ba nkongo ne nkongo kamweno kādi na Pashika. Kamo bidi i ka amba, Yehova wādi ubwanya kukinga batōtyi bandi. Bana bāyukile’mba Yehova ke kilezalezapo kya bitupu ne kyampikwa kumweka. Yehova udi’ko binebine, Leza mūmi utele bantu bandi mutyima, kadi ulonga bintu mwanda wa kamweno kabo. Wēmwekeje uno muswelo paākingile bana ba bubedi ba bene Isalela kitatyi ‘kyaāipaile bene Edipito.’ Wāpandije bana ba bubedi.
14. Le bambutwile bene Kidishitu babwanya kwingidija nsekununi itala Pashika mwanda wa kukwasha babo bana basangele bika?
14 Bambutwile bene Kidishitu kebasekunwinangapo mwaka ne mwaka babo bana bana-balume ne bana-bakaji kamweno ka Pashika. Ino, le ufundijanga bobe bana buno bufundiji bumo bonka—bwa amba Leza ukiñanga bantu bandi? Lelo wibalombolanga kikulupiji kyobe kikatampe kya amba, Yehova ukidi Mulami wa binebine wa bantu bandi? (Mit. 27:11; Is. 12:2) Ne kadi, uloñanga namino mu mīsambo isangaja yowisamba na bana pa kyaba kya kwibinena pamo bwa dishikulu? Longa bukomo bwa kufundija bobe bana buno bufundiji mwanda wa kisaka kyobe kyendelele kutama ku mushipiditu.
15, 16. Le nsekununi ya Pashika ne Divilu ibwanya kwingidijibwa mwanda wa kulombola bika padi Yehova?
15 Ñeni yotubwanya kuboila ku Pashika ke enkapo’tu ya amba Yehova udi na bukomo bwa kukinga bantu bandi. Kadi wēbanyongolwele, webatambija “mu Edipito.” Langa’po bidi bintu byobādi bafwaninwe kulonga. Bāludikilwe na dikumbi ne dilenga dya mudilo. Baābukile bukila bwa Kalunga Katyila. Abo’tu pa kwabuka biyampe, bāmona mema atukija bashidika bene Edipito. Penepa bene Isalela pa kunyongololwa bāimba amba: “Nkembila kudi Yehova, . . . Kabalwe ne utentaminepo wamwela mu kalunga-kamema. Yehova i bwami bukomo ne lwami lwimbo, kabidi wangalamukila bwambupandiji.”—Div. 13:14, 21, 22; 15:1, 2; Mit. 136:11-15.
16 Shi udi na bana, le wibakwashanga bakulupile mudi Yehova bu Munyongodi? Lelo babwanya kumona kino kikulupiji modi, mu binenwa byobe ne mu butyibi bobe? Na bubine, ubwanya kwisambila mu Butōtyi bwa Kisaka pa byobya byotutanga mu Divilu shapita 12-15, ne kulombola muswelo unyongololanga Yehova bantu bandi. Kyaba kikwabo mukokeja kulangulukila pa mwanda udi mu Bilongwa 7:30-36 nansha Danyele 3:16-18, 26-28. Bine, bankasampe ne batame bafwaninwe kukulupila’mba Yehova kādipo’nka bu Munyongolodi wa bantu ba pa kala. Monka mwaānyongolwedile bantu bandi mu mafuku a Mosesa, uketunyongolola mu mafuku āya kumeso.—Tanga 1 Tesalonika 1:9, 10.
BYOTUFWANINWE KUVULUKA
17, 18. Le kulangulukila pa mashi āingidijibwe pa Pashika mibajinji kufwaninwe kwituvuluja bika?
17 Bene Kidishitu ba bine kebavulukangapo Pashika ya Bayuda. Ano masobo adi mu Mukanda wa Bijila bya Mosesa, kadi ketudipo munshi mwa mukanda wa Bijila. (Loma 10:4; Kod. 2:13-16) Ino, tuvulukanga kinkumenkume kikwabo, lufu lwa Mwanā Leza. Inoko, kudi bintu bitala masobo a Pashika ālongelwe mu Edipito bidi na mvubu kotudi.
18 Mashi a kana ka mukōko ādi ashingwa pa bibelo ne pa ñunji, wādi muswelo wa kulama būmi. Dyalelo, ketwelangapo bitapwa bya banyema kudi Leza—ekale shi mu difuku dya Pashika nansha mu kitatyi kikwabo. Inoko kudi kitapwa kilumbuluke kibwanya kulama būmi lonso. Mutumibwa Polo wēsambīle pa “kipwilo kya bana babedi balembelwe mūlu.” Muswelo wa kulama būmi bwa bene Kidishitu bashingwe māni i “mashi akushilwe,” mashi a Yesu. (Bah. 12:23, 24) Ano mashi amo onka akwashanga bene Kidishitu badi na lukulupilo lwa kwikala na būmi bwa nyeke pano panshi. Bafwaninwe kuvuluka kitatyi ne kitatyi kikulupiji kya amba: “Mudi aye twi banyongololwe na kinkūlwa kupityila pa mashi andi, bine, twi balekelwe bilubo byetu, mwendele bupeta bwa kanye kandi kakatampe.”—Ef. 1:7.
19. Le bintu byādi bilongwa pa Pashika bibwanya kukomeja kikulupiji kyetu mu bupolofeto namani?
19 Kitatyi kyādi kipaibwa kana ka mukōko mwanda wa kudya Pashika, bene Isalela kebādipo banenwe kwikatyumuna mukupa nansha umo. (Div. 12:46; Umb. 9:11, 12) Le i ani wāile kufuta kikūlwa bu “kana ka Mukōko ka Leza”? (Yoa. 1:29) Wāpopelwe ku mutyi pamo na bantapani. Bayuda bānene Pilato batyumune mikupa ya bana-balume bādi bapopelwe ku mutyi. Mu uno muswelo bādi ba kufwa bukidibukidi mwa kwibatalwila ku mityi mu Nisane mafuku 15, Sabado imo pabidi. Bashidika bātyumwine maulu a bantapani babidi, “ino abo pa kwiya kudi Yesu, bamona’mba ke mufwe kala, kebakimutyumwine maulu.” (Yoa. 19:31-34) Kino kyākwatañene na byādi bilongwa na Kana ka mukōko ka Pashika, mu uno muswelo, kana ka mukōko kādi bu “munjiñininya” wa byobya byālongekele mu mafuku 14 Kweji wa Nisane 33 K.K. (Bah. 10:1) Pakwabo kadi, muswelo wālongekele bintu wāfikidije binenwa bidi mu Mitōto 34:20, bine bifwaninwe kuningija kikulupiji kyotukulupile mu bupolofeto.
20. Le i kwishila’ka kudi pa bukata bwa Pashika ne Bidibwa bya Kyolwa bya Mfumwetu?
20 Inoko, Pashika ne Bidibwa bya Kyolwa bya Mfumwetu i bishile. Kino kilombola’mba Pashika yādi ivuluka Bayuda kewādipo munjiñininya wa bintu byānene Kidishitu ku balondi bandi kulonga pa kuvuluka lufu lwandi. Mu Edipito, bene Isalela bādile mwita wa kana ka mukōko ne kudya mashi ako mpika. Kino i kishile na byobya byālombwele Yesu bandi bana ba bwanga kulonga. Wānene amba boba bakaludika nandi “mu Bulopwe bwa Leza,” bafwaninwe kudya ku mukate ne kutoma ku mvinyu byelekejo bya ngitu ne mashi andi. Tusa kwisambila bininge pa uno mwanda mu kishinte kilonda’ko.—Mako 14:22-25.
21. Mwanda waka i biyampe kuyuka myanda itala Pashika?
21 Inoko, na bubine Pashika yādi bu kintu kya kamweno mu muswelo wādi wikele Leza na Isalela, kadi batwe bonso tubwanya kuboila’ko ñeni. Nanshi, Pashika byokeyādipo ya ‘kuvulukwa’ na bene Kidishitu ino na Yuda, batwe bene Kidishitu tufwaninwe kuyuka myanda itala Pashika ne kuta mutyima ku ñeni imo ya kamweno yotuboila’ko mwanda “kisonekwa kyonso i kisonekejibwe na mushipiditu wa Leza.”—2 Tem. 3:16.
[Kunshi kwa dyani]
a Nansha Nisane byodyādi dijina dya kweji wa Bahebelu, ino pa kusaka kupēleja tusa kutela kweji mubajinji wa mu kalandadiye ka Kihebelu ka Bayuda bu Nisane.
b Mu mafuku 15 kweji Nisane pa kupona kwa dyuba, ko kunena’mba Sabado wa ku yenga (Dya Mposo) uno mwaka wākwatañene na difuku dibajinji dya Masobo a Mikate Yampikwa Kiyujo, mene ādi nyeke bu Sabado. Masabado onso abidi byoādi mu difuku dimo mu uno mwaka, dino difuku dyādi ditwa bu Sabado “mikatampe.”—Tanga Yoano 19:31, 42.
[Kifwatulo pa paje 17]
[Kapango pa paje 19]
LE I PA KITATYI’KA KYA DIFUKU?
Marcus Kalisch mushintuludi umo Muyuda (1828-1885) wāsonekele amba: “Mulangwe umo onka walombwelwe mu muswelo mwishile na Ebn Ezra [labi mutumbe mwine Eshipanye, 1092-1167] amba: ‘Tudi na byolwa bibidi; kibajinji, kya kupona kwa dyuba . . . ne kya bubidi, kujimina kwa kitōkeji kimwekelanga mu makumbi; kadi pa bukata bwabyo padi nsá umo ne minite makumi abidi;’ kadi ino shintulwilo, imweka bu ya mizo i miletwe ne na bene Karaite ne bene Samadia, kadi yaitabije ne bantu bakwabo bavule.” Mumweno wa amba kana ka mukōko kādi kepaibwa ku ngalwilo kwa mafuku 14 a kweji wa Nisane, i mukwatañane na buludiki bwāpelwe bene Isalela busonekelwe mu Kupituluka 16: 6 bwa amba, bitapwa bya “pashika” byādi binenwe kwelwa ‘ku kyolwa pa kupona kwa dyuba, pa kitatyi’kya kyo balupukile mu Edipito.’—Div. 30:8; Umb. 9:3-5, 11.
[Kifwatulo pa paje 20]
Kitatyi kyotwisambila pa Pashika, le ukakwasha bobe bana baboile’ko ñeni’ka? (Tala musango wa 14)