Ubu ni igihe cyo kuba maso kurusha mbere hose!

“Twe gusinzira nk’abandi ahubwo tube maso, twirinde ibisindisha.”​—1 ABATESALONIKE 5:6.

1, 2. (a) Imijyi ya Pompéi na Herculanum yari imeze ite? (b) Ni ibihe bimenyetso by’umuburo abantu b’i Pompéi n’i Herculanum birengagije, kandi se ingaruka zabaye izihe?

MU KINYEJANA cya mbere igihe cyacu, Pompéi na Herculanum yari imijyi y’Abaroma yari ikungahaye, yari hafi y’ikirunga cya Vésuve. Abaroma b’abakire bakundaga kujya mu biruhuko muri iyo mijyi. Yari irimo amazu y’imikino yashoboraga kujyamo abantu basaga igihumbi, kandi i Pompéi hari inzu y’imikino nini cyane yashoboraga kwakira abaturage bo muri uwo mujyi hafi ya bose. Abakoze ubushakashatsi mu matongo y’i Pompéi bahasanze utubari 118, tumwe muri two tukaba twarakinirwagamo urusimbi cyangwa bagakoreramo uburaya. Ibikorwa by’ubwiyandarike no gukunda ubutunzi byari byogeye cyane, nk’uko byagaragajwe n’ibishushanyo byo ku nkuta n’ibindi bisigazwa.

² Ku itariki ya 24 Kanama umwaka wa 79 igihe cyacu, ikirunga cya Vésuve cyatangiye kuruka. Abahanga mu bumenyi bw’ibirunga bavuga ko mu ikubitiro icyo kirunga cyasutse amabuye n’ivu kuri iyo mijyi yombi, ariko birashoboka ko bitari kubuza abantu guhunga. Kandi koko bisa n’aho hari abantu benshi bahunze. Ariko kandi abandi barabisuzuguye birengagiza ibimenyetso byagaragazaga ko bari bugarijwe n’akaga, maze bigumira aho. Hanyuma bigeze mu gicuku, cyarutse ibyuka bishyushye cyane bivanze n’amabuye byisuka mu mujyi wa Herculanum, maze abari bawusigayemo bose bicwa no kubura umwuka. Bukeye bwaho mu gitondo kare kare, ibyo byuka n’amabuye byahitanye abantu bose bo mu mujyi wa Pompéi. Mbega akaga kageze ku bantu bitewe no kutitondera ibimenyetso by’umuburo!

Imperuka yageze ku Bayahudi

3. Irimbuka rya Yerusalemu rihuriye he n’irimbuka ry’imijyi ya Pompéi na Herculanum?

³ Iherezo ribabaje ry’imijyi ya Pompéi na Herculanum nta ho ryari rihuriye n’amakuba yatewe n’irimbuka rya Yerusalemu ryari ryarabaye imyaka icyenda mbere y’aho, nubwo ayo makuba yatewe n’abantu. Bavuga ko igitero cyo kugota Yerusalemu kiri mu “bitero bikomeye cyane kurusha ibindi byose byabayeho mu mateka,” kikaba cyarahitanye Abayahudi basaga miriyoni. Nyamara kandi, Yerusalemu yarimbuwe abantu barabanje kuburirwa, nk’uko n’abantu bo mu mijyi ya Pompéi na Herculanum na bo bari baraburiwe.

4. Ni iki Yesu yahanuye cyari kuburira abigishwa be ko imperuka yari yegereje, kandi se ni gute byasohoye mu kinyejana cya mbere?

⁴ Yesu Kristo yari yarahanuye irimbuka ry’uwo mujyi anavuga ibintu byari kuzaribanziriza, urugero nk’intambara, inzara, ibishyitsi no kwica amategeko. Abahanuzi b’ibinyoma bari kwaduka, ariko n’ubutumwa bwiza bw’Ubwami bw’Imana bwari kuzabwirizwa ku isi hose (Matayo 24:4-7, 11-14). Nubwo muri iki gihe ari bwo amagambo ya Yesu asohora mu rugero rukomeye, no muri icyo gihe yarasohoye mu rugero ruto. Hari inzara ikaze yateye i Yudaya (Ibyakozwe 11:28). Umuhanga mu by’amateka witwa Josèphe yavuze ko hari umutingito wabaye i Yerusalemu mbere gato y’uko harimburwa. Igihe Yerusalemu yari hafi kurimbuka, habayeho imyivumbagatanyo y’urudaca n’intambara hagati y’Abayahudi ubwabo bo mu bice bitandukanye bya politiki, n’ubwicanyi mu mijyi imwe n’imwe yari ituwe n’Abayahudi hamwe n’Abanyamahanga. Nubwo byari bimeze bityo ariko, ubutumwa bwiza bw’Ubwami bwabwirizwaga “mu baremwe bose bari munsi y’ijuru.”—Abakolosayi 1:23.

5, 6. (a) Ni ayahe magambo ya Yesu y’ubuhanuzi yasohoye mu mwaka wa 66 I.C.? (b) Kuki hapfuye abantu benshi cyane igihe Yerusalemu yafatwaga mu mwaka wa 70 I.C.?

⁵ Mu mwaka wa 66 I.C., Abayahudi bigometse ku Baroma. Igihe Cestius Gallus yazanaga ingabo zikagota Yerusalemu, abigishwa ba Yesu bibutse amagambo Yesu yari yarababwiye agira ati “ubwo muzabona i Yerusalemu hagoswe n’ingabo, muzamenye yuko kurimbuka kwaho kwenda gusohora. Icyo gihe abazaba bari i Yudaya bazahungire ku misozi miremire, n’abazaba bari hagati muri Yerusalemu bazayivemo, n’abazaba bari imusozi ntibazayijyemo” (Luka 21:20, 21). Igihe cyari kigeze cyo gusohoka bakava muri Yerusalemu. Ariko se, ni gute bari kuyivamo? Mu buryo butunguranye, Gallus yakuyeyo ingabo ze, ibyo bituma Abakristo bari i Yerusalemu n’i Yudaya babasha gukurikiza ibyo Yesu yari yarababwiye, bahungira mu misozi.—Matayo 24:15, 16.

⁶ Hashize imyaka ine, mu gihe cya Pasika, ingabo z’Abaroma zagarutse ziyobowe n’Umugaba w’Ingabo witwaga Titus, waje yiyemeje kurangiza ikibazo cy’Abayahudi bigometse. Ingabo ze zagose Yerusalemu ziyubakaho “uruzitiro” ruriho ibisongo ku buryo nta muntu washoboraga guhunga (Luka 19:43, 44). Nubwo hari mu bihe by’intambara, Abayahudi bo mu mpande zose z’Ubwami bwa Roma bari baraje i Yerusalemu ari benshi cyane baje kwizihiza Pasika. Baje kuhagoterwa. Dukurikije uko Josèphe yabivuze, mu bahatikiriye igihe Abaroma bagotaga Yerusalemu, abenshi bari abo Bayahudi.* Igihe amaherezo Yerusalemu yafatwaga, hafi kimwe cya karindwi cy’Abayahudi bose bari mu Bwami bw’Abaroma barishwe. Irimbuka rya Yerusalemu n’urusengero rwayo ryabaye iherezo ry’ishyanga ry’Abayahudi n’idini ryabo ryari rishingiye ku Mategeko ya Mose.*—Mariko 13:1, 2.

7. Kuki Abakristo bizerwa barokotse irimbuka rya Yerusalemu?

⁷ Mu mwaka wa 70 I.C., Abakristo b’Abayahudi bashoboraga kuba barishwe cyangwa bakagirwa abacakara kimwe n’abandi bose bari batuye i Yerusalemu. Hari hashize imyaka 37 Yesu abahaye umuburo, kandi hari ibihamya bigaragaza ko bumviye uwo muburo. Bari baravuye muri uwo mujyi ntibongera kuwusubiramo.

Imiburo ihuje n’igihe yatanzwe n’intumwa

8. Petero yabonye ko Abakristo bakeneye gukora iki, kandi se ni ayahe magambo yaba yarazirikanaga yavuzwe na Yesu?

⁸ Muri iki gihe, irimbuka rikomeye cyane kurushaho rizavanaho iyi si mbi yose uko yakabaye riregereje. Imyaka itandatu mbere y’uko Yerusalemu irimburwa, intumwa Petero yatanze inama yihutirwa ihuje n’igihe, ireba cyane cyane Abakristo muri iki gihe: iyo nama igira iti ‘mube maso.’ Petero yabonye ko Abakristo bari bakeneye gukangura “imitima” yabo, kugira ngo batibagirwa “itegeko ry’Umwami” Yesu Kristo (2 Petero 3:1, 2). Igihe Petero yateraga Abakristo inkunga yo kuba maso, ashobora kuba yarazirikanaga ibyo yari yarumvise Yesu avuga ubwo yabwiraga intumwa ze iminsi mike gusa mbere yo gupfa Kwe ati “mujye mwirinda, mube maso musenge, kuko mutazi igihe ibyo bizasohoreramo.”—Mariko 13:33.

9. (a) Ni iyihe mitekerereze yateza akaga bamwe bashobora kugira? (b) Kuki gushidikanya bishobora guteza akaga mu buryo bwihariye?

⁹ Muri iki gihe, usanga bamwe babaza mu buryo bwo gukwena bati “isezerano ryo kuza kwe riri he?” (2 Petero 3:3, 4). Uko bigaragara, bene abo bantu bumva ko ibintu bitigera bihinduka na gato, ko bihora bimeze uko byahoze kuva isi yaremwa. Uko gushidikanya gushobora guteza akaga. Gushidikanya bishobora gutuma tudakomeza kubona ko ibintu byihutirwa, bikaba byatuma twirundumurira mu byo gushaka ibinezeza (Luka 21:34). Nanone nk’uko Petero yabigaragaje, abo bakobanyi bibagirwa ko mu gihe cya Nowa habayeho Umwuzure warimbuye isi yose. Icyo gihe isi yarahindutse!—Itangiriro 6:13, 17; 2 Petero 3:5, 6.

10. Ni ayahe magambo Petero yakoresheje atera inkunga abarambirwa gutegereza?

¹⁰ Petero yafashije abasomyi be kwihingamo umuco wo kwihangana, abibutsa impamvu Imana ijya itegereza kenshi mbere yo kugira icyo ikora. Icya mbere, Petero yagize ati ‘ku Mwami Imana umunsi umwe ni nk’imyaka igihumbi’ (2 Petero 3:8). Kubera ko Yehova abaho iteka, ashobora gusuzuma imimerere yose agahitamo igihe gikwiriye cyo kugira icyo akora. Hanyuma, Petero yagaragaje ko Yehova ashaka ko abantu bose bakwihana. Kuba Imana ikomeza kwihangana bituma abantu benshi bashobora kubona agakiza, bakaba bari kuba bararimbutse iyo iza kugira icyo ikora huti huti (1 Timoteyo 2:3, 4; 2 Petero 3:9). Ariko kandi, kuba Yehova yihangana ntibivuga ko atazagira icyo akora. Petero yaravuze ati ‘umunsi w’Umwami wacu uzaza nk’umujura.’—2 Petero 3:10.

11. Ni iki kizadufasha gukomeza kuba maso mu buryo bw’umwuka, kandi se, ni gute bizatuma umunsi wa Yehova usa n’aho ‘utebutse’?

¹¹ Urugero Petero yatanze rurakwiriye rwose. Nubwo gufata umujura atari ibintu byoroshye, umurinzi uba maso ijoro ryose ashobora kumutesha, kurusha wa wundi unyuzamo agahwekera. Ni iki cyafasha umurinzi gukomeza kuba maso? Iyo akomeje kugendagenda biramufasha, kurusha uko yamara ijoro ryose yicaye ahantu hamwe. Mu buryo nk’ubwo, gukorana umwete mu bintu by’umwuka bizafasha Abakristo gukomeza kuba maso. Ni yo mpamvu Petero adutera inkunga yo guhugira mu bikorwa bituma tuba “abantu bera, kandi twubaha Imana mu ngeso zacu” (2 Petero 3:11). Ibyo bikorwa bizadufasha gukomeza ‘gutebutsa umunsi w’Imana’ (2 Petero 3:12). Birumvikana ko tudashobora guhindura ingengabihe ya Yehova. Umunsi we uzaza mu gihe yagennye. Ariko niduhugira mu murimo we, tuzabona ko igihe gisigaye gisa n’aho gihita vuba vuba.—1 Abakorinto 15:58.

12. Ni gute dushobora buri muntu ku giti cye kungukirwa no kwihangana kwa Yehova?

¹² Ku bw’ibyo, umuntu uwo ari we wese wumva ko umunsi wa Yehova utinze aterwa inkunga yo kumvira inama Petero yaduhaye yo gukomeza gutegereza igihe Yehova yagennye twihanganye. Koko rero, dushobora no gukoresha neza igihe gisigaye Imana ikomeza kugaragazamo ukwihangana. Urugero, dushobora gukomeza kwihingamo imico ya Gikristo ikwiriye, tukanageza ubutumwa bwiza ku bantu benshi tutashoboraga kubugezaho iyo Yehova ataza gukomeza kwihangana. Nidukomeza kuba maso, Yehova azadusanga ‘mu mahoro, tutagira ikizinga’ igihe imperuka izaba igeze (2 Petero 3:14, 15). Mbega ukuntu tuzaba tugize imigisha!

13. Ni ayahe magambo Pawulo yabwiye Abakristo b’i Tesalonike akwiriye cyane cyane muri iki gihe?

¹³ Mu rwandiko rwa mbere Pawulo yandikiye Abatesalonike, na we yavuze ko tugomba gukomeza kuba maso. Yatanze inama igira iti “twe gusinzira nk’abandi ahubwo tube maso, twirinde ibisindisha” (1 Abatesalonike 5:2, 6). Mbega ukuntu ibyo ari ngombwa cyane muri iki gihe twegereje imperuka y’isi ya none yose uko yakabaye! Abagaragu ba Yehova bari mu isi irimo abantu badashishikazwa na mba n’ibintu by’umwuka, kandi ibyo bishobora kubagiraho ingaruka. Ni yo mpamvu Pawulo yatanze inama igira iti “twirinde ibisindisha twambaye kwizera n’urukundo nk’icyuma gikingira igituza, kandi twambaye ibyiringiro byo kuzabona agakiza nk’ingofero” (1 Abatesalonike 5:8). Kwiga Ijambo ry’Imana buri gihe no guhora twifatanya n’abavandimwe bacu mu materaniro bizadufasha gukurikiza inama ya Pawulo kandi dukomeze kubona ko ibintu byihutirwa.—Matayo 16:1-3.

Abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni bakomeza kuba maso

14. Ni iyihe mibare igaragaza ko abantu benshi muri iki gihe bakurikiza inama yatanzwe na Petero yo gukomeza kuba maso?

¹⁴ Haba se hari abantu benshi muri iki gihe bitabira inkunga duterwa n’Ibyanditswe yo gukomeza kuba maso? Yego rwose. Mu mwaka w’umurimo wa 2002, ababwiriza 6.304.645, ni ukuvuga ukwiyongera kungana na 3,1 ku ijana ugereranyije n’umwaka wa 2001, bagaragaje ko bari maso mu buryo bw’umwuka bamara amasaha agera kuri 1.202.381.302 babwira abandi ibyerekeye Ubwami bw’Imana. Ntibabikoraga by’umuhango gusa. Byari ibintu by’ingenzi mu mibereho yabo. Eduardo na Noemi bo muri El Salvador batanga urugero rw’imyifatire yagaragajwe na benshi muri bo.

15. Ni ibihe bintu byabaye muri El Salvador bigaragaza ko hari benshi bakomeza kuba maso mu buryo bw’umwuka?

¹⁵ Mu myaka runaka ishize, Eduardo na Noemi batekereje cyane ku magambo ya Pawulo agira ati ‘ishusho y’iyi si irashira’ (1 Abakorinto 7:31). Boroheje imibereho yabo, batangira gukora umurimo w’ubupayiniya bw’igihe cyose. Uko igihe cyagiye gihita, bagiye bahabwa imigisha mu buryo bwinshi butandukanye, ndetse yanabaye umugenzuzi w’akarere aza kuba n’uw’intara. Nubwo Eduardo na Noemi bahuye n’ibibazo bikomeye, ntibashidikanya ko bagize amahitamo akwiriye igihe bigomwaga ubutunzi bagahitamo gukora umurimo w’igihe cyose. Abenshi mu babwiriza bagera ku 29.269 hakubiyemo n’abapayiniya 2.454 bo muri El Salvador, bagaragaje umwuka nk’uwo wo kwigomwa, ari na yo mpamvu yatumye umubare w’ababwiriza wiyongeraho 2 ku ijana muri icyo gihugu, ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize.

16. Ni iyihe myifatire yagaragajwe n’umuvandimwe ukiri muto wo muri Côte d’Ivoire?

¹⁶ Imyifatire nk’iyo yagaragajwe n’Umukristo ukiri muto wo muri Côte d’Ivoire, wandikiye ibiro by’ishami agira ati “ndi umukozi w’imirimo. Ariko sinabwira abavandimwe ngo bakore umurimo w’ubupayiniya mu gihe nanjye ubwanjye ntawukora kugira ngo mbahe urugero rwiza. Byatumye ndeka akazi kampeshaga umushahara mwiza none ubu ndikorera, bikaba bituma mbona igihe gihagije cyo kubwiriza.” Uwo musore ari mu mubare w’abapayiniya bagera kuri 983 bo mu gihugu cya Côte d’Ivoire, cyatanze raporo y’ababwiriza bagera ku 6.701 umwaka ushize, ni ukuvuga ukwiyongera kungana na 5 ku ijana.

17. Ni gute Umuhamya ukiri muto wo mu Bubiligi yagaragaje ko atakangwaga n’urwikekwe?

¹⁷ Abantu bafite imyifatire yo kutoroherana, urwikekwe n’ivangura bakomeje guteza ibibazo ababwiriza b’Ubwami bo mu Bubiligi bagera ku 24.961. Ariko ibyo bibazo ntibituma bashya ubwoba, ahubwo bakomeza gukorana umwete. Igihe Umuhamya w’imyaka 16 yumvaga ku ishuri bita Abahamya ba Yehova ko ari agatsiko k’idini mu gihe bigaga isomo ry’ikinyabupfura, yasabye uruhushya ngo agire icyo ababwira ku bihereranye n’Abahamya ba Yehova. Yabasobanuriye Abahamya abo ari bo yifashishije kaseti videwo yitwa Les Témoins de Jéhovah: un nom, une organisation, n’agatabo Abahamya ba Yehova—Ni Bantu Ki? Ibyo byarabashimishije cyane, ndetse mu cyumweru cyakurikiyeho abanyeshuri bahawe ikizamini ku buryo ibibazo byose byabajijwe byari bihereranye n’idini ry’Abakristo b’Abahamya ba Yehova.

18. Ni iki kigaragaza ko ibibazo by’ubukungu bitarangaje ababwiriza bo muri Arijantine na Mozambike ngo bibabuze gukorera Yehova?

¹⁸ Abakristo benshi bafite ibibazo bikomeye bagomba guhangana na byo muri iyi minsi y’imperuka. Nyamara, bakora uko bashoboye kose kugira ngo bitabarangaza. Nubwo bizwi ko muri Arijantine hari ibibazo bikomeye by’ubukungu, umwaka ushize Abahamya bagize ukwiyongera gushya bagera ku 126.709. Muri Mozambike na ho ubukene bukomeje kwiyongera. Ariko kandi, abantu bagera ku 37.563 bifatanyije mu murimo wo kubwiriza, ni ukuvuga ukwiyongera kungana na 4 ku ijana. Abantu benshi bo muri Alubaniya babaho nabi, ariko icyo gihugu cyagize ukwiyongera kungana na 12 ku ijana, ababwiriza bakaba bagera ku 2.708. Biragaragara ko umwuka wa Yehova udakomwa imbere n’imimerere igoye mu gihe abagaragu be bashyize inyungu z’Ubwami mu mwanya wa mbere.—Matayo 6:33.

19. (a) Ni iki kigaragaza ko hakiriho abantu benshi bagereranywa n’intama bafite inzara yo kumenya ukuri kwa Bibiliya? (b) Ni ibihe bintu bindi bikubiye muri raporo y’umwaka bigaragaza ko abagaragu ba Yehova bakomeje kuba maso mu buryo bw’umwuka? (Reba imbonerahamwe iri ku ipaji ya 12-15.)

¹⁹ Raporo y’ibyigisho bya Bibiliya bigera kuri 5.309.289 byayobowe buri kwezi ku isi hose umwaka ushize igaragaza ko hakiriho abantu benshi bagereranywa n’intama bafite inzara yo kumenya ukuri kwa Bibiliya. Bwari ubwa mbere abateranye ku Rwibutso bagera kuri 15.597.746, abenshi muri bo bakaba bataratangira gukorera Yehova. Turifuza ko bakomeza kugira ubumenyi bakanarushaho gukunda Yehova n’abavandimwe bose. Birashishikaje kubona ko abagize “[imbaga y’]abantu benshi” b’ “izindi ntama” bakomeza kugaragaza umwete mu gukorera Umuremyi ‘mu rusengero rwe ku manywa na nijoro,’ bifatanyije n’abavandimwe babo basizwe.—Ibyahishuwe 7:9, 15; Yohana 10:16.

Tuvane isomo kuri Loti

20. Ni irihe somo tuvana ku rugero rwa Loti n’umugore we?

²⁰ Ni iby’ukuri ko ndetse n’abagaragu bizerwa b’Imana bashobora rimwe na rimwe kudakomeza kubona ko ibintu byihutirwa. Tekereza umuhungu wabo wa Aburahamu ari we Loti. Abamarayika babiri bari bamusuye bamumenyesheje ko Imana yari igiye kurimbura imidugudu ya Sodomu na Gomora. Iyo nkuru ntiyatangaje Loti “wagiriraga agahinda kenshi ingeso z’isoni nke z’abanyabyaha” (2 Petero 2:7). Nyamara igihe abo bamarayika bombi bazaga kumuvana i Sodomu, yakomeje ‘kuzarira.’ Byabaye ngombwa ko abamarayika bamusunika kugira ngo we n’umuryango we bave muri uwo mudugudu. Hanyuma umugore wa Loti yirengagije umuburo abamarayika bari babahaye wo kudakebuka ngo barebe inyuma. Ubunenganenzi bwe bwatumye atakaza ubuzima (Itangiriro 19:14-17, 26). Yesu yatanze umuburo agira ati “mwibuke muka Loti.”—Luka 17:32.

21. Kuki ari iby’ingenzi ko tuba maso kurusha ikindi gihe cyose?

²¹ Akaga kageze ku mijyi ya Pompéi na Herculanum hamwe n’ibyabaye mu gihe cy’irimbuka rya Yerusalemu, kimwe n’Umwuzure wo mu gihe cya Nowa n’urugero rwa Loti, ibyo byose bitugaragariza akamaro ko kwita cyane ku miburo duhabwa. Twebwe abagaragu ba Yehova, tuzi neza ibimenyetso bigaragaza iminsi y’imperuka (Matayo 24:3). Twitandukanyije n’idini ry’ikinyoma (Ibyahishuwe 18:4). Kimwe n’Abakristo bo mu kinyejana cya mbere, tugomba ‘gutebutsa umunsi w’Imana’ (2 Petero 3:12). Ni koko, iki ni cyo gihe cyo kuba maso kurusha mbere hose! Ni izihe ngamba twafata, kandi se ni iyihe mico tugomba kwihingamo kugira ngo dukomeze kuba maso? Ibyo bizasuzumwa mu gice gikurikira.

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

Ni gute wasubiza?

• Ni ibihe bintu byabayeho byatumye Abakristo b’Abayahudi babasha guhunga ntibagerweho n’irimbuka rya Yerusalemu?

• Ni gute inama zikubiye mu nzandiko z’intumwa Petero na Pawulo zidufasha kuba maso?

• Ni bande muri iki gihe bagaragaza ko bari maso?

• Ni irihe somo tuvana ku nkuru ya Loti n’umugore we?

[Imbonerahamwe yo ku ipaji ya 12-15]

RAPORO Y’ISI YOSE Y’ABAHAMYA BA YEHOVA Y’UMWAKA W’UMURIMO WA 2002

(Reba mu mubumbe w’igazeti y’Umunara w’Umurinzi)

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 9]

Mu mwaka wa 66 I.C., Abakristo b’i Yerusalemu bumviye umuburo watanzwe na Yesu

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 10]

Gukomeza gukorana umwete bifasha Abakristo kuba maso