Chii Chinonzi Mweya?
Mhinduro yeBhaibheri
Shoko rokuti “mweya” rinoshandiswa muBhaibheri rakashandurwa kubva pane rechiHebheru rokuti neʹphesh uye rechiGiriki rokuti psy·kheʹ. Shoko rechiHebheru rinoreva kuti “chisikwa chinofema,” uye rechiGiriki rinoreva kuti “chinhu chipenyu.”a Saka mweya chisikwa chacho kwete chimwe chinhu chinobuda mumuviri parufu. Ona kuti Bhaibheri rinoratidza sei kuti munhu ndiye mweya:
Adhamu haana kupiwa mweya asi kuti ndiye “akava mweya mupenyu”
Jehovha Mwari paakasika munhu wokutanga Adhamu, Bhaibheri rinoti “munhu akava mweya mupenyu.” (Genesisi 2:7, Bhaibheri muNdimi yeUnion Shona) Adhamu haana kupiwa mweya asi kuti ndiye akava mweya mupenyu kana kuti munhu mupenyu.
Bhaibheri rinoti mweya unogona kushanda, kuita nhomba yechokudya, kudya, kuteerera mitemo uye kubata chitunha. (Revhitiko 5:2; 7:20; 23:30; Dheuteronomio 12:20; VaRoma 13:1) Munhu pachake ndiye anoita zvinhu izvi.
Mweya haufi here?
Aiwa, mweya unogona kufa. MuBhaibheri mune mavhesi akawanda anoratidza kuti mweya unofa. Mamwe acho ndeaya:
“Mweya unotadza ndiwo uchafa.”—Ezekieri 18:4, 20, Bhaibheri Dzvene muChiShona Chanhasi.
Murudzi rwevaIsraeri vekare, zvainzi kana munhu akaita mhosva yakakurisisa “mweya wacho unofanira kuurayiwa.” (Eksodho 12:15, 19; Revhitiko 7:20, 21, 27; 19:8, King James Version) Munhu wacho aifanira ‘kuurayiwa.’—Eksodho 31:14, Bhaibheri muNdimi yeUnion Shona.
Dzimwe shanduro dzinoshandisa mashoko okuti “chitunha” kana kuti “munhu akafa” muchiHebheru chepakutanga paishandiswa shoko rokuti neʹphesh, kana kuti “mweya.”—Revhitiko 21:11; Numeri 6:6.
“Mweya” unogona kureva “upenyu”
Rimwe shoko rinoshandiswa neBhaibheri kureva “mweya” ndi“upenyu.” Somuenzaniso shoko rechiHebheru rinoshandiswa pana Jobho 33:22 kureva “mweya” (neʹphesh) rakafanana nerokuti “upenyu.” Bhaibheri rinoratidzawo kuti mweya wemunhu kana kuti upenyu hunogona kuva pangozi kana kuparara.—Eksodho 4:19; Vatongi 9:17; VaFiripi 2:30.
Kushandisa shoko rokuti upenyu richireva “mweya” kunotibatsira kunzwisisa mavhesi anotaura kuti “mweya” ‘wakabuda.’ (Genesisi 35:18; Bhaibheri muNdimi yeUnion Shona) Ichi chirungamutauro chinoreva kuti munhu afa. Dzimwe shanduro dzeBhaibheri dzichitaura nezvemashoko aya ari pana Genesisi 35:18 dzinoti “akafema kokupedzisira.”—Good News Translation; New Jerusalem Bible.
Dzidziso yokuti mweya haufi yakabvepi?
Zvitendero zvinozviti ndezvechiKristu zvinodzidzisa kuti mweya haufi zvinotora dzidziso iyi kubva muuzivi hwechiGiriki kwete muBhaibheri. Encyclopædia Britannica inoti: “Mavhesi eBhaibheri anotaura nezvemweya anenge achitaura nezvekufema uye hapana panoratidza kuti mweya nemuviri zvinhu zvakasiyana. Dzidziso yechiKristu yokuti muviri nemweya zvakasiyana yakatangira muchiGiriki chekare.”
Mwari haabvumiri kuti dzidziso dzake dzisanganiswe neuzivi hwevanhu dzakadai sedzidziso yokuti mweya haufi. Bhaibheri rinotonyevera kuti: “Chenjerai: zvichida pangava nomumwe munhu angaenda nemi semhuka yake yaabata nouzivi uye nounyengeri husina zvahunobatsira maererano netsika yevanhu.”—VaKorose 2:8.
a Ona The New Brown, Driver, and Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament, peji 659, uye Lexicon in Veteris Testamenti Libros, peji 627. Shanduro dzakawanda dzeBhaibheri dzinoshandura mashoko okuti neʹphesh uye psy·kheʹ, dzichishandisa mashoko okuti “mweya,” “upenyu,” “munhu,” “chisikwa,” uye “muviri” zvichibva pakuti inyaya ipi iri kutaurwa nezvayo.”