Lyaba Shani Ilyalungika Ilyashi lya Kale Ilya Baibolo?

“NDESOSE cine cine, nshilebepa,” e fyalondolwele kalemba wa Baibolo kuli cibusa wakwe uwacaice. (1 Timote 2:7) Ukulumbulula kwapala uko muli bakalata ba kwa Paulo kutambika ukusonsomba kuli bakalengulula ba Baibolo.a Imyaka 1,900 yalipitapo ukutula apo bakalata ba kwa Paulo balembelwe. Pa numa ya iyo nshita yonse, tapali nangu umo uwaisako no kushininkisha mu kutunguluka icishinka icili conse ica mpuso muli bakalata bakwe.

Kalemba wa Baibolo Luka na o wine alumbulwile ukwangwako ku kulungika. Alembele ubulondoloshi bwa bumi bwa kwa Yesu no butumikishi ubo bwakonkelwepo no bulondoloshi bwakwe ubwainikwa Imilimo ya Batumwa. “Na ine pa kupitamo muli fyonse no kufishikimika ukufuma pa kutendeka,” e fyalembele Luka.—Luka 1:3.

Ubunte bwa Kulungika

Bakalengulula ba Baibolo aba mu mwanda wa myaka uwalenga 19 basonsombele ukulungika kwa kwa Luka pamo nga kalemba wa lyashi lya kale. Ukulundapo, batungile ukuti ilyashi lya kale ilya mu Imilimo lyamumungilwe pa kati ka mwanda wa myaka uwalenga ibili C.E. Kashula wa fyashikama mu mushili umwina Britain Sir William Mitchell Ramsay aali ni umo uwasumine ci. Lelo pa numa ya kufwailisha amashina ne fifulo fyalumbulwa na Luka, asumine ukuti: “Panono panono nalinashanashiwe ukuti mu kulonsha kwalekanalekana ubulondoloshi bwalangishe icine ca kusungusha.”

Lintu Ramsay alembele ifili pa muulu, ifikansa ukukuma ku kulungika kwa kwa Luka fyatwalilile ifyabulwa ukukalululwa. Fyakumine ku misumba iyayampanishiwa mu kupalamisha iya Ikonia, Lustra, na Derbe. Luka atubulwile ukuti Ikonia ali uwaibela ukufuma kuli Lustra na Derbe, ukulondolola iyi iyalekeleshako nge “mishi ya mu Lukaonia.” (Imilimo 14:6) Lelo, nga fintu mapu ileendela pamo ne cipande ilelangilila, Lustra yali iyapalamisha kuli Ikonia ukucila Derbe. Bakalemba ba lyashi lya kale bamo aba pa kale balondolwele Ikonia ngo lubali lwa Lukaonia; e co, bakalengulula basonsombele Luka pa kukanacite co cine.

Lyene, mu 1910, Ramsay asangile icaimikwa ca cibukisho mu fitantaala fya Ikonia icalangishe ukuti ululimi lwa ulya musumba lwali iciFrugia kabili te ciLukaonia. “Impendwa sha filembo fimbi ukufuma ku Ikonia ne ncende sha uko ishashingulukako fishininkisha icishinka ca kuti lwa mu mushobo umusumba kuti walondololwa nga Frugia,” e fisosa Dr. Merrill Unger mu citabo cakwe Archaeology and the New Testament. Mu cine cine, Ikonia wa mu kasuba ka kwa Paulo ali ni Frugia mu ntambi kabili uwaibela ukufuma ku “mishi ya mu Lukaonia,” uko abantu balandile mu “ciLukaonia.”—Imilimo 14:6, 11.

Bakalengulula ba Baibolo na kabili babikanine ifikansa pa kubomfya kwa kwa Luka ukwe shiwi “politarchs” ukulosha kuli bakateka ba musumba wa Tesalonika. (Imilimo 17:6, NW utulembo twa pe samba) Iyi numbwilo tayaishibikwe mu fitabo fya ciGreek. Lyene icaimikwa calisangilwe mu musumba wa pa kale icakwetemo amashina ya bakateka ba misumba abalondololwa nga “politarchs”—ishiwi line ilyabomfiwe na Luka. “Ukulungika kwa kwa Luka kwalyebelwa ku kubomfiwa kwa iyi numbwilo,” e filondolola W. E. Vine muli Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words yakwe.

Ulwendo lwa Pali Bemba Ulwa kwa Luka

Incenshi sha fya pa menshi shalibebeta ukulonsha kwa kubunda kwa bwato ukwalondololwa mu Imilimo icipandwa 27. Ukulingana na Luka, ubwato bukalamba umo wene na Paulo baleenda bwaliketwe mu nkuuka ya mwela iya pa kati ka kapinda ka ku kuso na kabanga mupepi ne cishi cinono ica Kauda, kabili bakensha ba bwato bali no mwenso wa kusensenwinwa mu fituntu fya musensenga ifya busanso ku lulamba lwa kapinda ka ku kuso aka Africa. (Imilimo 27:14, 17, NW utulembo twa pe samba) Ukupitila mu kwishibisha ifya pa menshi, balitungulwike mu kutalusha ubwato ukufuma ku Africa ku nshila ya ku masamba. Inkuuka ya mwela yalitwalilile ukwabula ukutalala, kabili mu kupelako ubwato bwaishileikala pa cishi ca Melita, pa numa ya kufimba intamfu ya makilomita mupepi na 870. Incenshi sha fya pa menshi shipenda ukuti kuti casendela ubwato bukalamba ubuleenda ukupula mu nkuuka ya mwela ukucila pa nshiku 13 ukwenshiwa ukufika ukwalepe fyo. Ukupenda kwabo kulasuminishanya no bulondoloshi bwa kwa Luka, ubutila ukubunda kwa bwato kwacitike pa bushiku bwalenga 14. (Imilimo 27:27, 33, 39, 41) Pa numa ya kufwailisha ukulonsha konse ukwa lwendo lwa pali bemba ulwa kwa Luka, uwaishibisha ifya tumaato tunono James Smith asondwelele ukuti: “Bulondoloshi bwa fya kuponako ifya cine cine, ubwalembelwe na umo uwabimbilwemo umwine . . . Takuli umuntu nangu umo uushili kensha wa bwato uwali no kulemba ubulondoloshi bwa lwendo lwa pali bemba mu kumfwana ifyo mu mbali shonse isha luko, kano fye ukufuma ku kubebeta kwa cine cine.”

Pa mulandu wa kusanga kwa musango yo, abasambilila ifya butotelo bamo baliba abaitemenwa ukupokololako Amalembo ya Bwina Kristu aya ciGreek nga yalungika mu lyashi lya kale. Lelo ni shani pa lwa lyashi lya kale ilyabangililako ukufuma mu Amalembo ya ciHebere? Bashibutotelo abengi balanakila ku mano ya buntunse aya muno nshiku no kubilisha ukuti yakwatamo inshimi. Nangu cibe fyo, impendwa ya kulonsha kwa lyashi lya kale ilya Baibolo ilya mu kubangilila nako kwine kwalishininkishiwa, ku kuseebanishiwa kwa bakalengulula. Languluka, ku ca kumwenako, ukusangwa kwa buteko bwa cina Ashuri ubo pa nshita imo ubwalabilwe.

[Futunoti]

[Mapu pe bula 3]

(Nga mulefwaya ukumona mapu, moneni muli magazini)

FRUGIA

LUKAONIA

Ikonia

Lustra

Derbe

BEMBA WA MEDITERRANEAN

KUPRO