Barux Yeremya ƒe Agbalẽŋlɔla Wɔnuteƒe La
ÈNYA ‘Barux, si nye Neriya vi’ la? (Yeremya 36:4) Togbɔ be Yeremya ƒe agbalẽa ƒe ta ene me koe woƒo nu tso eyama ŋu le hã la, Biblia-srɔ̃lawo nyae nyuie be eyae nye nyagblɔɖila Yeremya ƒe agbalẽŋlɔla eye wònye exɔlɔ̃ vevi hã. Woa kple evea siaa to nɔnɔme sesẽwo me le Yuda Fiaɖuƒea ƒe ƒe 18 mamlɛawo me, eye wokpɔ alesi Babilontɔwo tsrɔ̃ Yerusalem gbidii le ƒe 607 D.M.Ŋ. me, kple Yudatɔwo ƒe sisi yi Egipte hã teƒe.
Le ƒe siwo va yi nyitsɔ laa me la, wofɔ nutrenua eve aɖewo, siwo wozã le ƒe alafa adrelia D.M.Ŋ. me. Woŋlɔ ɖe wo dzi be: “Enye Berekhyahu, [si nye alesi woyɔa Barux le Hebrigbe me], amesi nye Agbalẽfiala Neriyahu, [si nye alesi woyɔa Neriya le Hebrigbe me], vi la tɔ.” Nuŋlɔɖi sia si wokpɔ le nutrenu siawo dzi la he agbalẽnyalawo ƒe susu yi Barux, si ŋu woƒo nu tso le Biblia me la dzi. Amekae nye Barux? Ƒome ka tɔgbe mee wòtso? Afikae wòde suku se ɖo, eye ɖoƒe kae nɔ esi? Nukae eƒe Yeremya ŋu nɔnɔ kplikplikpli la ɖe fia? Nukae míate ŋu asrɔ̃ tso eyama gbɔ? Mina míadi ŋuɖoɖowo na nyabiase siawo to Biblia kple blemaŋutinyawo me kuku me.
Amesi Ƒomevi Barux Nye Kple Ðoƒe si Nɔ Esi
Agbalẽnyala geɖewo xɔe se be Barux tso ƒome xɔŋkɔ aɖe, si me tɔ geɖe nye Yudatɔ agbalẽfialawo la, me. Woɖe nu geɖe siwo tae wosusui be ƒome ma tɔgbe mee wòtso la me. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, le Biblia aɖewo me la, woda ŋkɔ tɔxɛ aɖe ɖe Barux dzi be “agbalẽŋlɔla” alo “agbalẽfiala.” Ŋɔŋlɔawo gblɔ tso nɔviaŋutsu, Seraya, hã ŋu be enye ame ŋkuta aɖe le Fia Zedekiya ƒe Fiasa me.—Yeremya 36:32; 51:59.
Blematomenukula, Philip J. King, ŋlɔ tso agbalẽfiala siwo nɔ anyi le Yeremya ƒe ɣeyiɣia me ŋu be: “Agbalẽfialawo nye agbalẽnyala gãwo kple ame ŋkutawo le Yuda tso ƒe alafa adrelia D.M.Ŋ. ƒe nuwuɣi vaseɖe ƒe alafa adelia D.M.Ŋ. ƒe gɔmedzeɣi me. . . . Dziɖuɖumegãwo koe wotsɔa ɖoƒe sia nana.”
Gakpe ɖe eŋu la, nuŋlɔɖi si le Yeremya ta 36, si me míadzro tsitotsito la, ɖee fia be Barux anya nye fia ƒe aɖaŋuɖolawo dometɔ ɖeka, eye be ezãa Gemarya, si nye fia alo dziɖuɖumegã aɖe la ƒe nuɖuxɔ, alo zãa xɔ si me fia ƒe aɖaŋuɖolawo nɔna hafi ɖoa aɖaŋu nɛ. Biblia ŋunyala James Muilenberg gblɔ susu si tae wòanya nɔ alea ɖo be: “Barux te ŋu gena ɖe xɔ si me agbalẽfialawo ɖoa aɖaŋu na fia le la me, elabena gome nɔ esi be wòanɔ xɔ ma me yim, eye be eya ŋutɔ hã kpɔ gome le agbalẽxatsaxatsa xexlẽ le dutoƒo ƒe wɔna tɔxɛ si dziɖuɖumegãwo wɔna la me. Enɔ eƒe dɔwɔhatiwo dome.”
Agbalẽ si nye Corpus of West Semitic Stamp Seals hã gblɔ tso ɖoƒe si nɔ Barux si ŋu be: “Esi wònye be dziɖuɖumegã bubuwo ƒe nutrenuwo domee wokpɔ Barux hã tɔ le ta la, susu le eme be míagblɔ be Barux alo Berekhyahu wɔ dɔ ɖekae kple dziɖuɖumegã mawo.” Nya siawo na eme kɔ ƒãa be Barux kple efoa Seraya anya nye dziɖuɖumegã siwo kpe ɖe Yeremya ŋu le ƒe siwo do ŋgɔ na Yerusalem tsɔtsrɔ̃, siwo me nu ɖedzesi geɖe dzɔ le, la me.
Kpekpe Ðe Yeremya Ŋu le Dutoƒo
Yeremya ta 36 lia mee Barux ƒe ŋkɔ dze le zi gbãtɔ le Biblia me le ‘Yuda-fia Yoyakim ƒe ƒe enelia’ me, si anye ƒe 625 D.M.Ŋ. me lɔƒo. Yeremya wɔ nyagblɔɖidɔa ƒe 23 sɔŋ do ŋgɔ na ɣeyiɣi sia.—Yeremya 25:1-3; 36:1, 4.
Azɔ Yehowa gblɔ na Yeremya be: “Tsɔ agbalẽ naŋlɔ nya, siwo katã megblɔ na wò ɖe Israel kple Yuda . . . ŋu tso esime mede asi nuƒoƒo me kpli wò tso Yosiya ŋɔli vaseɖe egbe la, ɖe eme.” Nuŋlɔɖia yi edzi be: “Tete Yeremya yɔ Barux, Neriya vi, eye Barux ŋlɔ Yehowa ƒe nya, siwo katã wògblɔ nɛ la, tso Yeremya nu ɖe agbalẽ me.”—Yeremya 36:2-4.
Nukatae wòyɔ Barux ɖo? Yeremya gbɔ nɛ be: “Mele ga me, nyemate ŋu ayi Yehowa ƒe me o.” (Yeremya 36:5) Edze ƒã be wode se na Yeremya be wòagava gbedoxɔa ƒe afisi woxlẽa Yehowa ƒe gbedasia le la o, le esi ɖewohĩ gbedasi siwo wògblɔ do ŋgɔ la anya ku dzi na dziɖuɖumegãwo ta. (Yeremya 26:1-9) Ðikeke mele eme o be Barux nye Yehowa subɔla bibi aɖe eye ‘ewɔ ɖe se si nyagblɔɖila Yeremya de nɛ, be wòaɖaxlẽ Yehowa ƒe nya tso agbalẽ la me le Yehowa ƒe me, la dzi pɛpɛpɛ.’—Yeremya 36:8.
Yehowa ƒe nuxlɔ̃amegbedasi si Yeremya nɔ ŋɔŋlɔm ƒe 23 do ŋgɔ la bia dɔ geɖe wɔwɔ, eye anye be enɔ lalam na ɣeyiɣi nyuitɔ si ade edzi wu la. Gake le ƒe 624 ƒe November alo December D.M.Ŋ. me la, Barux te ‘Yeremya ƒe nya siwo le agbalẽa me la xexlẽ ɖe dukɔ blibo la ƒe to me le agbalẽŋlɔla Gemarya, Safan vi ƒe xɔ me’ dzinɔameƒotɔe.—Yeremya 36:8-10.
Mixaya, si nye Gemarya vi, gblɔ nusi Barux xlẽ la ŋu nya na fofoa kple na fia ŋu me bubuwo, eye wokpe Barux be wòava xlẽ agbalẽxatsaxatsa la zi evelia yewoase. Nuŋlɔɖia gblɔ be: “Esi wose nya siawo katã la, dzidzi ƒo wo, wode asi wo nɔewo ƒe ŋku me kpɔkpɔ me, eye wogblɔ na Barux bena: [Míagblɔ] nya siawo katã na fia la kokoko. . . . Yi, ne mia kple Yeremya miaɣla mia ɖokui, be ame aɖeke maganya afisi miele o.”—Yeremya 36:11-19.
Esi fia Yoyakim se nusi Yeremya gblɔ na Barux be wòaŋlɔ la, etsɔ dɔmedzoe vuvu agbalẽxatsaxatsa la, hetsɔe ƒu gbe ɖe dzo me, eye wòɖe gbe na eŋumewo be woalé Yeremya kple Barux. Esime wole bebeƒea la, Yehowa gblɔ na wo be woagbugbɔ agbalẽ si fia la vuvu la aŋlɔ.—Yeremya 36:21-32.
Ðikeke mele eme o be Barux nya afɔku siwo le eƒe dɔdasia me nyuie. Ðewohĩ enya nusi amegãwo ɖo be yewoatu kple Yeremya le ƒe ʋɛ siwo do ŋgɔ la me. Anya nya nusi dzɔ ɖe Uriya, amesi gblɔ nya ɖi “wòsɔ kple Yeremya ƒe nyawo,” si Fia Yoyakim na wowu, la dzi. Togbɔ be enɔ alea hã la, Barux lɔ̃ faa be yeazã yeƒe agbalẽnyanya, kple xɔlɔ̃wɔwɔ si le ye kple dziɖuɖumegãwo dome atsɔ akpe ɖe Yeremya ŋu le eƒe dɔdasia me.—Yeremya 26:1-9, 20-24.
Mègadi ‘Nu Gãwo O’
Barux kpe fu geɖe le agbalẽxatsaxatsa gbãtɔa ŋɔŋlɔa me. Egblɔ be: “Baba nam, elabena Yehowa tsɔ nuxaxa kpe ɖe nye vevesese ŋu, nye hũɖeɖe ti kɔ nam, eye nyemekpɔ gbɔdzɔe aɖeke o.” Nukae na wofa konyi alea?—Yeremya 45:1-3.
Womegblɔe wòdze kã o. Gake dze agbagba nàde ŋugble le Barux ƒe nɔnɔmea ŋu kpɔ. Esi wònye ƒe 23 sɔŋ ye nye ema si Israel-viwo kple Yudatɔwo nɔ toku dom nuxlɔ̃amenyawo ta la, woƒe xɔsegbegbe kple alesi wogbe nu le Yehowa gbɔe la dze ƒãa. Alesi Yehowa ɖoe be yeatsrɔ̃ Yerusalem kple Yuda, ahana be woakplɔ dukɔa ayi aboyo mee hena ƒe 70 le Babilon—si nye gbedasi si Yehowa gblɔ na wo le ƒe si me Barux nɔ agbalẽxatsaxatsa gbãtɔa ŋlɔm eye ɖewohĩ wòna woŋlɔe ɖe agbalẽ ma ke me—la sese anya wɔ nuku na Barux. (Yeremya 25:1-11) Gawu la, kpekpe ɖe Yeremya ŋu geɖe le ɣeyiɣi ɖedzesi ma me ate ŋu ana be ɖoƒe si nɔ esi kple eƒe dɔwɔɖuia nage le esi.
Aleke kee wòɖale o, Yehowa ŋutɔ de asi nyaa me hekpe ɖe Barux ŋu be wòagaŋlɔ ʋɔnudɔdrɔ̃ si le ŋgɔ la be o. Yehowa gblɔ nɛ be: “Nusi medo la, mahoe ɖa, anyigba blibo la dzi wòava.” Emegbe eɖo aɖaŋu sia na Barux be: “Hafi wòa nèbe, yeadi nu gãwoa? Mègadi wo o.”—Yeremya 45:4, 5.
Togbɔ be Yehowa megblɔ nusi tututue ‘nu gã’ siawo nye o hã la, ne ŋkɔxɔxɔ dimee Barux le loo, amegãnyenyee loo, alo be ŋutilãmenuwo nasɔ gbɔ ɖe ye si o, eya ŋutɔ koe nya. Yehowa ɖo aɖaŋu nɛ be wòada asɔ le eƒe nukpɔsusuwo me ahaɖo ŋku nusi le ŋgɔ gbɔna dzi. Egblɔ nɛ be: “Mahe dzɔgbevɔ̃e ava ŋutilãwo katã dzi; ke mana wò agbe nazu aboyonu na wò le teƒe, siwo katã nayi.” Woakpɔ Barux ƒe nu vevitɔ, si nye eƒe agbe, ta nɛ eɖanye teƒe ka kee wòayi o.—Yeremya 45:5.
Le Yeremya ta 36 kple 45 me nudzɔdzɔ siwo dzɔ tso ƒe 625 va ɖo 624 D.M.Ŋ. me megbe la, Biblia megaƒo nu tso Barux ŋu o, vaseɖe esime wòsusɔ ɣleti aɖewo hafi ne Babilontɔwo nava tsrɔ̃ Yerusalem kple Yuda le 607 D.M.Ŋ. me. Nukae dzɔ ɣemaɣi?
Barux Gakpe Ðe Yeremya Ŋu Ake
Esime Babilontɔwo va dze Yerusalem dzi la, wogaƒo nu tso Barux ŋu ake le Biblia me. Esi ‘wode ga nyagblɔɖila Yeremya ɖe dzɔlawo ƒe xɔxɔnu’ la, Yehowa gblɔ nɛ be wòaƒle etɔɖia ƒe vi ƒe agble le Anatot be wòanye dzesi be woagagbugbɔ dukɔa aɖo te. Woyɔ Barux be wòava kpe asi ɖe anyigba ƒeƒle ŋuti gbalẽwo wɔwɔ ɖe se nu ŋu.—Yeremya 32:1, 2, 6, 7.
Yeremya ɖe nu me be: “Meŋlɔe ɖe agbalẽ me, eye metre enu, meɖe ɖasefowo, eye meda ga la le nudanu me. Eye metsɔ asinyigbalẽ, si nu wotre, kple esi le ʋuʋu, . . . de asi na . . . Barux.” Ede se na Barux emegbe be wòatsɔ nuŋlɔɖiawo ade ze me be woanɔ dedie. Agbalẽnyala aɖewo ka ɖe edzi be esi Yeremya gblɔ be ‘yeŋlɔ’ agbalẽ la, anye be ɖe wògblɔ nyawo na Barux, amesi bi nyuie le agbalẽŋɔŋlɔ me la, wòŋlɔ.—Yeremya 32:10-14; 36:4, 17, 18; 45:1.
Barux kple Yeremya wɔ ɖe nusi le se nu dzi ɣemaɣi, le anyigbaƒlenyawo me. Seawo dometɔ ɖekae nye nusi woƒle la dede agbalẽ me zi eve. Agbalẽ si nye Corpus of West Semitic Stamp Seals ɖe nu me be: “Woyɔa nuŋlɔɖi gbãtɔ la be ‘nusi nu wotre’ elabena woxatsanɛ dea ze me hetrea enu kple nutrenu alo nutrenuwo; nusiwo dzi wolɔ̃ ɖo ŋutɔŋutɔ lae woŋlɔna ɖe eme. . . . Agbalẽ evelia ‘si nu wometrena’ o la nyea esi woxatsa hetre enu la ƒe kɔpi, eya mee wodzrona alo xlẽna. Efia be nuŋlɔɖi eveawo nɔa anyi, nuŋlɔɖia ŋutɔŋutɔ kple eƒe kɔpi, pɛpa siwo woyɔna be papyrus dzie wowɔa nuŋlɔɖi eve siawo ɖo.” Blema nuŋlɔɖi siwo ŋu woke ɖo la ɖo kpe edzi be wotsɔa nuŋlɔɖi siawo dzrana ɖo ɖe ze me.
Babiloniatɔwo ƒe asi su Yerusalem dzi azɔ, wotɔ dzoe hekplɔ ameawo katã dzoe yi aboyo me negbe ame dahe ʋɛ aɖewo koe wogblẽ ɖe dua me. Nebukadnezar tia Gedalya be wòanye mɔmefia. Gake Yudatɔ siwo wogblẽ ɖe dua me la wui le ɣleti eve megbe. Togbɔ be Yehowa gblɔ na Yeremya be wòagblɔ na Yudatɔ susɔeawo be woagasi ayi Egipte o hã la, woɖoe kplikpaa be yewoasi ayii, eye ɣeyiɣi sia mee wogayɔ Barux ŋkɔ le Biblia me ake.—Yeremya 39:2, 8; 40:5; 41:1, 2; 42:13-17.
Yudatɔwo ƒe ŋgɔnɔlawo gblɔ na Yeremya bena: “Alakpa dam nèle; menye Yehowa, mía Mawu, ye ɖo wò ɖa gblɔ bena: Migayi Egipte ɖanye amedzro le afima o; ke boŋ Barux, Neriya vi la le ʋu yɔm ɖe tewò ɖe mía ŋu, ne woatsɔ mí ade asi na Kaldeatɔwo, ne woawu mí, eye woaɖe aboyo mí ayi Babel.” (Yeremya 43:2, 3) Nya siawo, siwo Yudatɔwo ƒe ŋgɔnɔlawo gblɔ la ɖee fia be, Yudatɔwo dometɔ akpa gãtɔ anya susui be Barux ye ɖoa nu geɖe na Yeremya hafi wòwɔna. Ðe wòanye ɖoƒe si nɔ Barux si, alo esi wònye Yeremya xɔlɔ̃ vevi hena ƒe geɖe tae wosusui be menye agbalẽŋlɔla koe wòanya nye na nyagblɔɖila la o, ke boŋ be eɖoa nu geɖe hã nɛ be wòawɔa? Ðewohĩ anye susu siawo dometɔ ɖeka tae. Gake eɖanye aleke kee Yuda-ŋgɔnɔla siawo susui o, Yehowa ŋutɔ gbɔe gbedasia tso tẽ.
Togbɔ be nuxlɔ̃ame sia tso Mawu gbɔ na wo hã la, Yudatɔ susɔeawo ʋu yi Egipte hekplɔ ‘nyagblɔɖila Yeremya kple Barux, Neriya vi’ la ɖe asi. Yeremya ŋlɔ bena: “Wodzo yi Egipte-nyigba dzi, elabena wogbe toɖoɖo Yehowa ƒe gbe, eye wova Taxpanxes,” si nye du si le Nil-tɔa ƒe ɣedzeƒe, si do liƒo kple Sinai. Esiae nye zi mamlɛtɔ si Biblia ƒo nu tso Barux ŋu.—Yeremya 43:5-7.
Nukae Míate Ŋu Asrɔ̃ Tso Barux Gbɔ?
Míate ŋu asrɔ̃ nu vevi aɖewo tso Barux gbɔ. Nusɔsrɔ̃ si ɖe dzesi le eŋue nye alesi wòlɔ̃ faa zã nusiwo me wòbi ɖo nyuie kple kadodo siwo le eya kple amewo dome tsɔ do Yehowa ƒe subɔsubɔdɔa ɖe ŋgɔe, metsɔ le nusiwo ado tso eme nɛ la me o. Yehowa Ðasefo—ŋutsu kple nyɔnu—geɖe siwo li egbea hã ɖea nɔnɔme sia ke fiana, wozãa woƒe asinudɔwɔwɔwo kple nusiwo wonya la le Betel-dɔwo, xɔtudɔwo, kple le dɔ bubuwo wɔwɔ me. Aleke míate ŋu aɖe Barux ƒe nɔnɔme sia tɔgbe afiae?
Esi woɖo ŋku edzi na Barux be manyo be woazã ɣeyiɣi atsɔ aƒo ‘nu gãwo’ nu ƒu ɖi na eɖokui le Yuda-dukɔa ƒe ŋkeke mamlɛawo me o la, elɔ̃ ɖe edzi toɖoɖotɔe, eye esia na wokpɔ eƒe agbe ta. Esi wònye be míawo hã míele nuɖoanyi sia ƒe ŋkeke mamlɛawo me ta la, anyo ŋutɔ be míatsɔ aɖaŋuɖoɖo sia ade dɔwɔna me. Ŋugbe si Yehowa do na Barux kee wòdo na míawo hã be, yeakpɔ míaƒe agbe ta. Ðe manyo ŋutɔ be míatsɔ ŋkuɖodzinya siawo awɔ míatɔe abe alesi Barux wɔe ene oa?
Nusɔsrɔ̃ vevi bubu aɖe le ŋutinya sia me na mí. Togbɔ be Yeremya kple etɔɖia ƒe via nye ƒometɔwo hã la, wode ɖoɖo siwo ku ɖe anyigba ƒeƒle le se nu ŋu la agbalẽ me, eye Barux kpe ɖe wo ŋu le esia wɔwɔ me. Esia nye Ŋɔŋlɔawo me kpeɖodzi na Kristotɔwo be wòade asitsatsa alo ganyawo ƒe ɖoɖo siwo le woa kple haxɔsetɔwo dome la agbalẽ me le se nu. Kpɔɖeŋu sia, si nye ga alo dɔwɔwɔ ƒe ɖoɖowo dede agbalẽ me le se nu, dzi wɔwɔ wɔ ɖeka kple Ŋɔŋlɔawo hesɔ, eye wònye lɔlɔ̃ ɖeɖefia ame havi hã.
Togbɔ be Biblia ƒe akpa ʋe aɖewo me koe woƒo nu tso Barux ŋu le hã la, viɖe geɖe ŋutɔ le ŋugbledede tso eyama ŋu me na Kristotɔwo egbea. Ðe nàlɔ̃ faa asrɔ̃ Yeremya ƒe agbalẽŋlɔla wɔnuteƒe sia ƒe kpɔɖeŋua?
[Etenuŋɔŋlɔ]
a Nutrenu si ŋu nya gblɔm míele le afisia ye nye esi wotsɔa anyi wɔna, si wotsɔna trea agbalẽ alo nuŋlɔɖi vevi aɖe nui. Woŋlɔa amesi tɔ nuŋlɔɖi vevi la nye alo amesi gbɔ wòtso la ƒe ŋkɔ ɖe nutrenua dzi.
[Nɔnɔmetata si le axa 16]
Barux ƒe nutrenu la
[Afi Si Míexɔ Mɔɖeɖe Tso]
Nutrenu: Courtesy of Israel Museum, Jerusalem