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  • 2 Timothy 3:4
    New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures
    • 4 betrayers, headstrong, puffed up with pride, lovers of pleasures rather than lovers of God,

  • 2 Timothy 3:4
    The Kingdom Interlinear Translation of the Greek Scriptures
    • 4 προδόται, betrayers, προπετεῖς, forward-falling, τετυφωμένοι, having been made to smoke up, φιλήδονοι fond of pleasures μᾶλλον rather ἢ than φιλόθεοι, fond of God,

  • 2 Timothy 3:4
    New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures—With References
    • 4 betrayers,+ headstrong, puffed up [with pride],+ lovers of pleasures rather than lovers of God,+

  • 2 Timothy 3:4
    The Bible in Living English
    • 4* traitorous, headstrong, conceited, more devoted to pleasure than to God,

  • 2 Timothy 3:4
    American Standard Version
    • 4 traitors, headstrong, puffed up, lovers of pleasure rather than lovers of God;

  • 2 Timothy 3:4
    The Emphasized Bible
    • 4 traitors, reckless, beclouded, lovers of pleasure more than lovers of God,

  • 2 Timothy 3:4
    King James Version
    • 4 Traitors, heady, highminded, lovers of pleasures more than lovers of God;

  • 2 Timothy
    Watch Tower Publications Index 1986-2023
    • 3:4 w18.01 22-23, 28, 31; w06 9/15 6; g00 4/8 10; g95 4/22 6; w94 4/15 17-18; g92 3/8 24; w88 2/15 19-20; g86 10/22 19

  • 2 Timothy
    Watch Tower Publications Index 1930-1985
    • 3:4 w84 11/15 5-6; w83 7/1 4; g82 10/8 27; g80 2/8 24; g79 1/22 4; w78 11/1 18; w78 11/15 23; w77 521; w76 360; g74 9/8 5; g73 4/22 13; w72 583, 754; g72 1/22 26; is 132; g68 5/22 7, 10; g68 10/8 10; w65 329; g63 3/22 3; w61 112, 591, 632; w60 40; w59 555; pa 184; g41 11/12 26; w40 52

  • 2 Timothy
    Research Guide for Jehovah’s Witnesses—2019 Edition
    • 3:4

      The Watchtower (Study),

      1/2018, pp. 22-23, 28, 30-31

      The Watchtower,

      9/15/2006, p. 6

      4/15/1994, pp. 17-18

      2/15/1988, pp. 19-20

      11/15/1984, pp. 5-6

      7/1/1983, p. 4

      11/15/1978, p. 23

      11/1/1978, p. 18

      9/1/1977, p. 521

      6/15/1976, p. 360

      12/15/1972, pp. 753-754

      10/1/1972, p. 583

      6/1/1965, pp. 328-330

      10/15/1961, pp. 631-632

      10/1/1961, pp. 590-592

      2/15/1961, pp. 111-113

      1/15/1960, pp. 39-41

      9/15/1959, pp. 554-556

      Awake!,

      4/8/2000, p. 10

      4/22/1995, p. 6

      3/8/1992, p. 24

      10/22/1986, p. 19

      10/8/1982, p. 27

      2/8/1980, p. 24

      1/22/1979, p. 4

      9/8/1974, p. 5

      4/22/1973, p. 13

      1/22/1972, p. 26

  • 2 Timothy Study Notes—Chapter 3
    New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (Study Edition)
    • 3:4

      betrayers: The same Greek noun is used to describe Judas Iscariot at Lu 6:16, where it is rendered “traitor.”​—See also Ac 7:52.

      headstrong: Paul uses a Greek word that literally means “falling forward.” It describes the way that people may willfully forge ahead in their course, ignoring the advice of others despite knowing that bad consequences are likely to result. The same Greek word may also be rendered “reckless.” According to one reference work, those who are headstrong or reckless “throw caution to the winds, no matter what disaster or punishment they may bring upon their fellow citizens.” Another reference work notes: “A man who is reckless stops at nothing to gain his ends.” The only other occurrence of this word in the Christian Greek Scriptures is at Ac 19:36, where the city recorder of Ephesus warned the angry crowds not to “act rashly.”

      puffed up with pride: The Greek verb used here (ty·phoʹo·mai) is related to the word for “smoke.” It could be used of one who was enveloped in and even blinded by smoke. This term occurs three times in the Christian Greek Scriptures, always in a figurative sense and apparently describing one who is blinded by pride. (1Ti 3:6; 6:4; 2Ti 3:4) Some translations render it “conceited” or “swollen with self-importance.” One reference work says that the word describes people “who are full of themselves.” Jewish writer Josephus used the term to describe some Greek authors who looked down on the Jews and slandered them.

      lovers of pleasures rather than lovers of God: Paul here says, not that people would love pleasures more than they love God, but that they would love pleasures instead of loving God. The Bible does not teach that all pleasures are wrong, but it does contain warnings about pursuing them rather than building a friendship with God.​—Compare Lu 12:19-21; 1Jo 2:15.

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