5:13

Is there anyone suffering hardship among you?: The Greek term here rendered “suffering hardship” is broad in meaning and may refer to any kind of suffering, including hardship because of sickness, economic problems, and disappointment, as well as persecution. Earlier in his letter, James mentions hardships that befall true worshippers because they serve God. (Jas 1:2, 12; 2:6, 7; 5:4) Additionally, he cites the examples of the hardships endured by the prophets and Job. (Jas 5:10, 11) James advises all those suffering such hardships to pray for help to continue faithful.​—Compare Ro 12:12.

Let him carry on prayer: James here encourages any Christian who is “suffering hardship” to make it a practice, or habit, to turn to God in prayer. Jesus was a man of prayer throughout his earthly life. For example, he prayed when he had serious decisions to make and when he underwent trials. (Lu 5:16 and study note; 6:12, 13; 22:41; Heb 5:7 and study notes) He often encouraged his followers to pray. (Lu 22:40 and study note) In a similar way, the apostle Paul encouraged Christians to “persevere in prayer” and to pray regarding “everything” that could make them anxious or affect their relationship with God. (Ro 12:12; Php 4:6 and study note) Thus, Christians should “keep asking God” for wisdom and leave their problems in his hands.​—Jas 1:5; compare 1Pe 5:7.

Is there anyone in good spirits?: The Greek word for “be in good spirits” can mean to “be cheerful,” and some translations render it that way. The word describes an attitude that does not necessarily depend on outward circumstances. (Compare Ac 27:22, 25, where the same word is rendered “take courage.”) By mentioning both those “suffering hardship” and those who were “in good spirits,” James shows that a Christian always has good reasons to think about God and turn to Him in prayer.

sing psalms: Or “sing praises to God.” James encourages Christians who are “in good spirits” to express their joy by singing songs of praise to Jehovah.​—Mt 26:30 and study note; Eph 5:19 and study notes; see Glossary, “Psalm.”