Biblia Mli Wolo ni Ji 41—Marko

Mɔ ni Ŋma: Marko

Heni Aŋma Yɛ: Roma

Be ni Aŋma Agbe Naa: Aaafee afi 60–65 Ŋ.B.

Be ni Emli Saji lɛ Tee Nɔ: Afi 29–33 Ŋ.B.

BENI amɔ Yesu yɛ Getsemane ní bɔfoi lɛ jo foi lɛ, “oblanyo ko ni ekɛ klala éke eyayaiaŋ” nyiɛ esɛɛ. Beni asafo yuu lɛ ka akɛ amɛaamɔ lɛ hu lɛ, “eshi klala lɛ ni ejo foi kɛ ehe yayai.” Mɛi babaoo heɔ amɛyeɔ akɛ Marko ji oblanyo nɛɛ. Awie ehe yɛ Bɔfoi lɛ Asaji lɛ amli akɛ “Yohane ni atsɛɔ lɛ Marko” lɛ, ni ekolɛ amɛhi ogbɔjɔ shihilɛ mli yɛ amɛwe ni yɔɔ Yerusalem lɛ mli, ejaakɛ amɛyɛ amɛ diɛŋtsɛ amɛwe kɛ tsuji hii kɛ yei. Enyɛ ni atsɛɔ lɛ Maria lɛ hu ji Kristofonyo, ni mra be mli asafo lɛ kɛ amɛshĩa lɛ fee kpeehe. Beni ŋwɛibɔfo lɛ jie Petro kɛjɛ tsuŋwoohe lɛ, Petro tee shĩa nɛɛ mli ni eyana akɛ nyɛmimɛi lɛ ekpe yɛ jɛmɛ.—Mar. 14:51, 52; Bɔf. 12:12, 13.

² Marko ji Barnaba ni ji Levinyo ni jɛ Kipro lɛ nyɛkwɛ bi. (Bɔf. 4:36; Kol. 4:10) Marko ná ele Paulo beni Barnaba kɛ Paulo ba Yerusalem yɛ onia ni atsuɔ kɛyeɔ buaa nyɛmimɛi ni efi amɛ lɛ hewɔ lɛ. Ŋwanejee ko kwraa bɛ he akɛ naanyo ni Marko kɛ maŋsɛɛ sanekpakpa shiɛlɔi nɛɛ ni yɔɔ asafo lɛ mli lɛ, kɛ sɔɔlɔi krokomɛi ni basɔmɔɔ amɛ lɛ bɔ lɛ ha eshwe akɛ ekɛ ehe aaawo maŋsɛɛ sanekpakpa shiɛmɔ nitsumɔ lɛ mli. No hewɔ lɛ, efata Paulo kɛ Barnaba he yɛ amɛklɛŋklɛŋ maŋsɛɛ sanekpakpa shiɛmɔ nitsumɔ lɛ mli akɛ hefatalɔ kɛ sɔɔlɔ. Shi yɛ yiŋtoo ko hewɔ lɛ, Marko shi amɛ yɛ Perge yɛ Pamfilia, ni eku esɛɛ kɛtee Yerusalem. (Bɔf. 11:29, 30; 12:25; 13:5, 13) Enɛ hewɔ lɛ, Paulo kpoo akɛ eeeha Marko afata amɛhe yɛ amɛmaŋsɛɛ sanekpakpa shiɛmɔ nitsumɔ ni ji enyɔ lɛ mli, ni enɛ ha Paulo kɛ Barnaba teŋ gbala. Paulo ŋɔ Sila efata ehe kɛtee, ni Barnaba hu ŋɔ enyɛkwɛ bi Marko efata ehe ni amɛtsɔ ŋshɔ hiɛ kɛtee Kipro.—Bɔf. 15:36-41.

³ Marko bɔ ehe mɔdɛŋ yɛ shiɛmɔ nitsumɔ lɛ mli, ni ehe ba sɛɛnamɔ kɛha Barnaba kɛ agbɛnɛ hu bɔfo Petro kɛ bɔfo Paulo. Marko ji Paulo naanyo nitsulɔ (aaafee afi 60-61 Ŋ.B.) beni awo Paulo tsuŋ klɛŋklɛŋ kwraa yɛ Roma lɛ. (File. 1, 24) No sɛɛ lɛ, Marko kɛ Petro tsu nii yɛ Babilon yɛ afi 62 kɛmiimɔ 64 Ŋ.B. (1 Pet. 5:13) Awo Paulo tsuŋ ekoŋŋ yɛ Roma, ekolɛ yɛ afi 65 Ŋ.B., ni yɛ ewolo ni eŋma lɛ mli lɛ, ebi Timoteo koni eŋɔ Marko ni ekɛ lɛ aba, ni ekɛɛ akɛ “ejaakɛ ehi ha mi yɛ sɔɔmɔ lɛ hewɔ.” (2 Tim. 1:8; 4:11) Enɛ ji Marko tã ni atsĩ yɛ Biblia lɛ mli yɛ nakai beaŋ.

⁴ Aheɔ ayeɔ akɛ Marko ji mɔ ni ŋma Sanekpakpai lɛ ateŋ nɔ ni yɔɔ kuku nɛɛ. Ekɛ Yesu bɔfoi lɛ tsu nii, ni ekɛ ewala wo oshara mli yɛ sanekpakpa lɛ hewɔ. Shi Marko jeee bɔfoi 12 lɛ ateŋ mɔ kome, ni ejeee mɔ ko ni bɛŋkɛ Yesu kpaakpa. Nɛgbɛ ená Yesu sɔɔmɔ lɛ he saji ni yɔɔ fitsofitso ni eŋma, ní fɛɛ mli kã shi faŋŋ lɛ kɛjɛ? Taakɛ Papias, Origen, kɛ Tertullian tsɔɔ mli yɛ blema lɛ, Marko ná kɛjɛ Petro ni ekɛ lɛ bɔ gbagbalii lɛ dɛŋ.a Ani Petro tsɛɛɛ lɛ “mibi”? (1 Pet. 5:13) Petro kɛ ehiŋmɛi na nibii fɛɛ ni Marko bɔ he amaniɛ lɛ, no hewɔ lɛ eeenyɛ efee akɛ Petro ni tsɔɔ lɛ nibii babaoo ni etsɔɔ mli ní anaaa yɛ Sanekpakpai krokomɛi lɛ amli lɛ. Ákɛ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ, Marko wie “apaafoi” ni tsu nii ha Zebedeo, kpitiyelɔ ni batutɔ Yesu ni “ekula ehiɛ,” nuu ni daimonio yɔɔ emli ni “ekɛ tɛi folɔɔ ehe,” kɛ gbalɛ ni kɔɔ ‘ba ni gbɔmɔ Bi lɛ aaaba yɛ atatui lɛ amli kɛ hewalɛ kɛ anunyam babaoo’ lɛ ni Yesu kɛha beni eta shi yɛ Mu Gɔŋ lɛ nɔ “yɛ sɔlemɔwe lɛ ŋɛlɛnɔ” lɛ he.—Mar. 1:20, 40; 5:5; 13:3, 26.

⁵ Petro nuɔ nii ahe waa, ni no hewɔ lɛ ehiɛ sɔ henumɔi ni Yesu jie lɛ kpo lɛ ni eha Marko le enɛɛmɛi. No hewɔ ni Marko tsɔɔ bɔ ni Yesu nu he eha kɛ bɔ ni efee enii eha lɛ mli shii abɔ yɛ eniŋmai lɛ amli lɛ; ákɛ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ, ebɔ amaniɛ akɛ ekwɛ “amɛhiɛaŋ kɛkpe kɛ mlifu, ejaakɛ edɔ lɛ,” ‘ehuŋ yɛ emli,’ ni ákɛ “edɔmɔ ŋtsɔi yɛ emumɔ mli.” (3:5; 7:34; 8:12) Marko ji mɔ ni kɛɛ wɔ bɔ ni Yesu nu he eha oblanyo nɔyelɔ niiatsɛ lɛ, ebɔ amaniɛ akɛ “esumɔ lɛ.” (10:21) Ni kwɛ bɔ ni emaniɛbɔɔ ni tsɔɔ akɛ Yesu kɛ gbekɛ bibioo ko badamɔ ekaselɔi lɛ ateŋ, ni “eloo lɛ atuu,” ni yɛ be kroko mli lɛ ‘eloo gbekɛbii atuu’ lɛ taa mɔ tsuiŋ ha!—9:36; 10:13-16.

⁶ Anaa Petro sui ni ji ekpalakpalafeemɔ, miishɛɛ, ekãa, hewalɛ, kɛ esaji amlitsɔɔmɔ lɛ yɛ bɔ ni Marko bɔ emaniɛ lɛ eha lɛ mli. Etamɔ nɔ ni ewo emaniɛbɔɔ lɛ foi. Ákɛ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ, wiemɔ ni ji “amrɔ” lɛ pue shii abɔ, ni eha emaniɛbɔɔ lɛ fee nɔ ni sa kadimɔ waa.

⁷ Eyɛ mli akɛ Marko nine shɛ Mateo Sanekpakpa lɛ nɔ, ni Marko wolo lɛ 100 mlijaa 7 pɛ bɛ Sanekpakpai krokomɛi lɛ amli moŋ, shi ebaafee tɔmɔ akɛ aaahe aye akɛ Marko mua Mateo Sanekpakpa lɛ naa ni ekɛ saji otii krɛdɛi fioo komɛi pɛ fata he. Mateo wie Yesu he akɛ Mesia kɛ Maŋtsɛ ni awo shi yɛ ehe lɛ, shi Marko wie eshihilɛ kɛ enitsumɔ lɛ he yɛ gbɛ kroko nɔ. Ewie Yesu he akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ Bi ni feɔ naakpɛɛ nii, Yibaalɔ ni yeɔ kunim. Marko wie Kristo nitsumɔi lɛ ahe babaoo fe eshiɛmɔi kɛ enitsɔɔmɔi lɛ. Ebɔ Yesu abɛbuai lɛ fioo ko pɛ kɛ eshiɛmɔ wiemɔi ni sɛɛ kɛlɛ lɛ ateŋ ekome he amaniɛ, ni eshi Gɔŋ nɔ Shiɛmɔ lɛ. Enɛ hewɔ ni Marko Sanekpakpa lɛ yɔɔ kuku lɛ, eyɛ mli akɛ nifeemɔi ni yɔɔ ekrokomɛi lɛ amli lɛ hu yɛ mli. Kɛ hooo kwraa lɛ etsĩ naakpɛɛ nifeemɔi 19 tã.

⁸ Yɛ be mli ni Mateo ŋma e-Sanekpakpa lɛ eha Yudafoi lɛ, Marko ŋma enɔ lɛ kɛha Romabii lɛ titri. Te wɔfeɔ tɛŋŋ wɔleɔ enɛ? Etsĩ Mose Mla lɛ tã yɛ bei amli pɛ ni eje kpo yɛ saji ni ebɔɔ he amaniɛ lɛ amli, ni ebɔɔɔ Yesu wekutɔkpãa lɛ he amaniɛ. Ewie Kristo sanekpakpa lɛ he akɛ nɔ ni he yɔɔ sɛɛnamɔ kɛha jeŋ muu lɛ fɛɛ. Egbála Yudafoi lɛ akusumii kɛ tsɔɔmɔi lɛ amli yɛ gbɛ ni baaha mɛi ni jeee Yudafoi ni baakane lɛ anyɛ anu shishi lɛ nɔ. (2:18; 7:3, 4; 14:12; 15:42) Etsɔɔ Aramaik wiemɔi ashishi. (3:17; 5:41; 7:11, 34; 14:36; 15:22, 34) Ekɛ saji krokomɛi tsɔɔ Palestina tsei kɛ shikpɔŋ lɛ nɔ nibii lɛ amli. (1:5, 13; 11:13; 13:3) Etsɔɔ Yudafoi ashikai anaa yɛ Roma shika mli. (12:42, NW shishigbɛ niŋmaa) Ekɛ Latin wiemɔi tsu nii fe Sanekpakpa ŋmalɔi krokomɛi lɛ, ekomɛi ji speculator (oblafo), praetorium (kojomɔ-mɔɔ), kɛ centurio (asraafoi oha-atsɛ).—6:27; 15:16, 39.

⁹ Akɛni Marko ŋma ewolo lɛ kɛha Romabii titri hewɔ lɛ, eeenyɛ efee akɛ eŋma yɛ Roma. Blema saji kɛ Marko wolo lɛ mli saji haa amuɔ sane naa akɛ eŋma yɛ Roma, yɛ klɛŋklɛŋ tsuŋ ni awo bɔfo Paulo loo tsu ni ji enyɔ ni awo lɛ lɛ mli, yɛ afi 60-65 Ŋ.B. Marko tee Roma kɛ hooo kwraa lɛ shikome loo shii enyɔ yɛ nakai afii lɛ amli. Nilelɔi kpanaai ni hi shi yɛ klɛŋklɛŋ afi 100 kɛ afi 200 afii lɛ amli lɛ ma nɔ mi akɛ Marko ni ŋma wolo nɛɛ. Beni shɛɔ afi 100 lɛ afii lɛ teŋ gbɛ lɛ, Kristofoi lɛ anine eshɛ Sanekpakpa nɛɛ nɔ momo. Marko Sanekpakpa lɛ jeɔ kpo yɛ woji ni aŋmala Kristofoi a-Hela Ŋmalɛi awo mli yɛ mra be mli lɛ fɛɛ mli, ni enɛ maa nɔ mi akɛ eja.

¹⁰ Shi kɛlɛ, esaaa akɛ abuɔ saji kakadaji kɛ kukuji ni bei komɛi lɛ akɛfataa yitso 16 kuku 8 lɛ he lɛ akɛ eja. Amɛjeee kpo yɛ blema woji ni akɛ niji ŋmala, tamɔ Sinaitic kɛ Vatican No. 1209 lɛ nɛkɛ lɛ amli. Eusebius kɛ Jerome ni ji woloŋlelɔi ni hi shi yɛ afi 300 afii lɛ amli lɛ fɛɛ kpɛlɛ nɔ akɛ sane lɛ ba naagbee kɛ wiemɔi ni ji “ejaakɛ amɛmiishe gbeyei.” Eeenyɛ efee akɛ yiŋtoo hewɔ ni akɛ wiemɔi krokomɛi fata naamuu lɛ he ji ni akɛsaa bɔ ni Sanekpakpa lɛ ba naagbee trukaa lɛ he.

¹¹ Bɔ ni Marko Sanekpakpa lɛ kɛ Sanekpakpai krokomɛi lɛ kɛ agbɛnɛ hu Ŋmalɛ Krɔŋkrɔŋ lɛ fɛɛ, ni ji Mose Klɛŋklɛŋ Wolo lɛ kɛyashi Kpojiemɔ lɛ kpãa gbee waa lɛ haa anaa akɛ eja. Kɛfata he lɛ, eha ana Yesu shii abɔ akɛ mɔ ko ni yɔɔ hewalɛ yɛ ewiemɔ mli, adebɔɔ nibii anɔ, Satan kɛ daimonioi lɛ anɔ, helai anɔ, hɛɛ, yɛ gbele po hu nɔ. No hewɔ lɛ, Marko kpa emaniɛbɔɔ lɛ hiɛ kɛ wiemɔ ni yɔɔ miishɛɛ nɛɛ: “Yesu Kristo, Nyɔŋmɔ bi lɛ, sanekpakpa lɛ shishijee.” Ebaa lɛ kɛ esɔɔmɔ nitsumɔ lɛ baafee “sanekpakpa,” no hewɔ lɛ Marko Sanekpakpa lɛ kasemɔ he baaba sɛɛnamɔ aha mɛi fɛɛ ni kaneɔ lɛ. Nibii ni Marko bɔ he amaniɛ lɛ tee nɔ yɛ agbiɛnaa afi 29 Ŋ.B. kɛyashi agbiɛnaa afi 33 Ŋ.B.

NƆ HEWƆ NI EHE YƆƆ SƐƐNAMƆ

³¹ Mɛi fɛɛ ni kane Marko wolo lɛ kɛjɛ mra be mli Kristofoi abe lɛ mli kɛbashi ŋmɛnɛ lɛ, enyɛ etsɔ wiemɔi ni yɔɔ faŋŋ ni Marko wie yɛ Yesu Kristo he lɛ nɔ amɛyɔse gbalɛi babaoo ni yɔɔ Hebri Ŋmalɛi lɛ amli ni kɔɔ Mesia lɛ he lɛ amlibaa. Kɛjɛ klɛŋklɛŋ wiemɔi ayisɛɛ ni etsɛ ni ji: “Naa, miitsu mibɔfo lɛ kɛmiitsɔ ohiɛ, mɔ ni aaasaa ogbɛ lɛ atoo lɛ” nɔ kɛyashi naagbee wiemɔi ni Yesu wie beni epiŋɔ yɛ sɛŋmɔtso lɛ nɔ akɛ “Mi-Nyɔŋmɔ, mi-Nyɔŋmɔ, mɛɛba okwa mi?” lɛ mli fɛɛ lɛ, ekãa ni ekɛshiɛ ni Marko bɔ he amaniɛ lɛ kɛ Hebri Ŋmalɛi lɛ amli gbalɛi lɛ kpãa gbee pɛpɛɛpɛ. (Mar. 1:2; 15:34; Mal. 3:1; Lala 22:2) Kɛfata he lɛ, naakpɛɛ nii ni efee, etsamɔ tsɔɔmɔ lɛ, esanenaatsɔɔmɔi ni tɔmɔ ko bɛ he, ehe ni ekɛfɔ̃ Yehowa Wiemɔ lɛ kɛ emumɔ lɛ nɔ kwraa, kɛ suɔmɔ mli ni ejɛ ekwɛ tooi lɛ fɛɛ kadiɔ lɛ akɛ Mɔ ko ni ba akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ Bi ni yɔɔ hegbɛ. Etsɔɔ nii akɛ “mɔ ni yɔɔ hegbɛ,” ni ená hegbɛ nɛɛ kɛjɛ Yehowa ŋɔɔ. Ema ‘Nyɔŋmɔ sanekpakpa lɛ shiɛmɔ’ ni tsɔɔ akɛ ‘Nyɔŋmɔ maŋtsɛyeli lɛ ebɛŋkɛ’ lɛ nɔ mi, ni enɛ ji nitsumɔ titri ni ebatsu yɛ shikpɔŋ lɛ nɔ. Mɛi fɛɛ ni bo enitsɔɔmɔ lɛ toi lɛ ná he sɛɛ babaoo diɛŋtsɛ.—Mar. 1:22, 14, 15.

³² Yesu kɛɛ ekaselɔi lɛ akɛ: “Nyɛ lɛ, aŋɔ Nyɔŋmɔ maŋtsɛyeli he teemɔŋ sane lɛ aha nyɛ akɛ nyɛle.” Marko kɛ wiemɔ ni ji “Nyɔŋmɔ maŋtsɛyeli” lɛ tsu nii shii 14, ni ekɛ shishitoo mlai babaoo ni baakudɔ mɛi fɛɛ ni baatsɔ Maŋtsɛyeli lɛ nɔ amɛná wala lɛ ha. Yesu wie akɛ: “Mɔ ni laajeɔ esusuma yɛ mi kɛ sanekpakpa lɛ hewɔ lɛ, enine aaashɛ nɔ.” Esa akɛ ajie gbɛtsiinii fɛɛ ni haŋ aná wala lɛ. Yesu kɛɛ akɛ: “Faŋ nɔ ni okɛ hiŋmɛi kome bote Nyɔŋmɔ maŋtsɛyeli lɛ mli fe nɔ ni ohiɛ hiŋmɛii enyɔ ní aaashɛ́o afɔ̃ la gehena lɛ mli.” Etee nɔ ejaje akɛ: “Mɔ fɛɛ mɔ ni heee Nyɔŋmɔ maŋtsɛyeli lɛ tamɔ gbekɛ bibioo lɛ, eboteŋ mli kwraa,” kɛ agbɛnɛ “ewa ha niiatsɛmɛi akɛ amɛaabote Nyɔŋmɔ maŋtsɛyeli lɛ mli!” Ekɛɛ akɛ mɔ ni yɔseɔ akɛ kitãi wuji enyɔ lɛ anɔyeli he yɛ sɛɛnamɔ kwraa fe shãa afɔlei kɛ afɔlei lɛ kɛ “Nyɔŋmɔ maŋtsɛyeli lɛ teŋ jɛkɛɛɛ.” Hewalɛwoo kpakpai ni wɔbaanyɛ wɔkɛtsu nii yɛ wɔdaa gbi shihilɛi amli lɛ yɛ tsɔɔmɔi nɛɛ kɛ Maŋtsɛyeli tsɔɔmɔi krokomɛi ni yɔɔ Marko Sanekpakpa lɛ mli lɛ mli.—4:11; 8:35; 9:43-48; 10:13-15, 23-25; 12:28-34.

³³ Abaanyɛ akane “Marko” sanekpakpa muu lɛ fɛɛ yɛ ŋmɛlɛtswaa kome loo enyɔ mli, ni ehaa mɔ ni kaneɔ lɛ kɛ be kukuoo pɛiɔ Yesu sɔɔmɔ nitsumɔ lɛ mli, ekanyaa lɛ ni enáa miishɛɛ. Kɛ́ akɛ be kukuoo ni tamɔ nɛkɛ kane wolo ni ajɛ mumɔŋ aŋma nɛɛ, ni agbɛnɛ hu akase lɛ jogbaŋŋ ni ajwɛŋ nɔ lɛ, ehe baa sɛɛnamɔ be fɛɛ be. Marko Sanekpakpa lɛ he yɛ sɛɛnamɔ kɛha Kristofoi ni awaa amɛ yi ŋmɛnɛ lɛ, taakɛ ehe ba sɛɛnamɔ yɛ klɛŋklɛŋ afii 100 lɛ mli lɛ, ejaakɛ anɔkwa Kristofoi kɛ “jaramɔ bei” miikpe amrɔ nɛɛ, ni gbɛtsɔɔmɔ ni jɛ mumɔŋ, ni tamɔ nɔ ni yɔɔ Yesu Kristo ni ji wɔ-Nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ he amaniɛbɔɔ nɛɛ mli lɛ he miihia amɛ. Kanemɔ, ná emli nifeemɔi lɛ ahe miishɛɛ, ni ha ewo bo hewalɛ ni okɛ miishɛɛ ni sɛɛ efooo ni Yesu jie lɛ kpo lɛ eko nɔŋŋ anyiɛ wɔhemɔkɛyeli lɛ Shishijelɔ kɛ Naagbelɔ ni ji Yesu lɛ sɛɛ. (2 Tim. 3:1; Heb. 12:2) Hɛɛ, naa lɛ akɛ nuu ni tsu nii jogbaŋŋ, ná ekãa ni eyɔɔ lɛ eko, ni kasemɔ anɔkwayeli kɛ ekãa ni ekɛtsu nii kɛyashi naagbee yɛ kaa kɛ shitee-kɛ-woo fɛɛ mli lɛ. Ha Ŋmalɛi ni ajɛ mumɔŋ aŋma nɛɛ mli fã ni he hiaa nɛɛ ashɛje omii. Ha ehe aba sɛɛnamɔ aha bo yɛ naanɔ wala sɛɛgbɛ ni otaoɔ lɛ mli!

[Shishigbɛ niŋmaa]