Siriak Peshitta Lɛ​—Gbɛ ni Atsɔɔ nɔ Aleɔ Klɛŋklɛŋ Biblia Shishitsɔɔmɔi lɛ Ahe Saji

BE NI eshwɛ fioo ni Yesu baaku esɛɛ kɛya ŋwɛi lɛ, efã ekaselɔi lɛ ni amɛye ehe odase “yɛ Yerusalem kɛ Yudea kɛ Samaria fɛɛ, kɛyashi shikpɔŋ lɛ naagbeehei lɛ.” (Bɔfoi lɛ Asaji 1:8) Yesu sɛɛnyiɛlɔi lɛ kɛ ekãa tsu nitsumɔ nɛɛ. Shiɛmɔ ni amɛshiɛ yɛ Yerusalem lɛ hã amɛkɛ shiteekɛwoo ni naa wa waa kpe, ni ehã agbe Stefano. Yesu kaselɔi lɛ ateŋ mɛi babaoo yaba abo yɛ Antiokia yɛ Siria, ni ji Roma Nɔyeli lɛ maŋtiasei wuji lɛ ateŋ ekome ni kã Yerusalem kooyi aaafee kilomitai 550 lɛ nɔ.​—Bɔfoi lɛ Asaji 11:19.

Be ni kaselɔi lɛ yɔɔ Antiokia lɛ, amɛtee nɔ amɛshiɛ Yesu he “sane kpakpa lɛ”, ni mɛi krokomɛi ni jeee Yudafoi lɛ batsɔmɔ héyelilɔi. (Bɔfoi lɛ Asaji 11:20, 21) Eyɛ mli akɛ mɛi babaoo wieɔ Hela yɛ Antiokia moŋ, shi mɛi ni yɔɔ ehewɔŋ lɛ awiemɔ ji Siriak.

Yɛ afi 100 afii lɛ mli lɛ, be ni Kristofoi ni wieɔ Siriak lɛ ayi faa lɛ, ehe bahia ni atsɔɔ sane kpakpa lɛ shishi kɛya amɛwiemɔ lɛ mli. No hewɔ lɛ, etamɔ nɔ ni klɛŋklɛŋ wiemɔ ni atsɔɔ Kristofoi a-Hela Ŋmalɛ lɛ shishi kɛtee mli ji Siriak, shi jeee Latin.

Yɛ aaafee afi 170 Ŋ.B. afii lɛ amli lɛ, Tatian, ni ji Sirianyo niŋmalɔ ko (ehi shi yɛ aaafee afi 120-173 Ŋ.B. afii lɛ amli) fee Sanekpakpai ejwɛ ni yɔɔ Biblia lɛ mli lɛ ekome ni etsɔɔ shishi kɛtee Hela loo Siriak mli, ale eshishitsɔɔmɔ nɛɛ waa akɛ Diatessaron, eji Hela wiemɔ ni shishi ji “kɛtsɔ [Sanekpakpai] ejwɛ [lɛ] anɔ.” Sɛɛ mli lɛ, Sirianyo kroko ni atsɛɔ lɛ Ephraem (ehi shi yɛ afi 310-373 Ŋ.B. afii lɛ amli) lɛ fee wolo ko ni wieɔ Diatessaron lɛ he, ni enɛ ma nɔ mi akɛ Kristofoi ni yɔɔ Siria lɛ pii kɛ Diatessaron lɛ tsu nii.

Ŋmɛnɛ lɛ, mɛni hewɔ ehe hiaa ni wɔsusu Diatessaron lɛ he waa lɛ? Yɛ afi 2000 afii lɛ amli lɛ, woloŋlelɔi komɛi tsɔɔ akɛ, akɛni aŋmala Sanekpakpai lɛ yɛ afi 100 afii lɛ naagbee gbɛ, kɛjɛ afi 130 Ŋ.B. kɛyashi 170 Ŋ.B., hewɔ lɛ, saji ni yɔɔ mli lɛ nyɛŋ afee anɔkwa saji ni kɔɔ Yesu shihilɛ he. Kɛ̃lɛ, blema Diatessaron lɛ, ni akɛ niji ŋmala ni ana lɛ ehã efee faŋŋ akɛ, dani afi 100 afii lɛ teŋgbɛ kɛɛ eshɛɔ lɛ, no mli lɛ, akɛ Sanekpakpai lɛ, ni ji Mateo, Marko, Luka, kɛ Yohane miitsu nii momo. No hewɔ lɛ, eyɛ faŋŋ akɛ aŋmala Sanekpakpai lɛ mra mli. Kɛfata he lɛ, Tatian kɛ nɔ ni mɛi komɛi tsɛɔ lɛ apokrifa sanekpakpai lɛ eko kwraa tsuuu nii kɛ ŋmalaaa Diatessaron lɛ, moŋ lɛ, ekɛ Sanekpakpai ejwɛ ni mɛi kpɛlɛɔ nɔ lɛ tsu nii, ni enɛ hãa anaa faŋŋ akɛ mɛi ebuuu apokrifa sanekpakpai lɛ akɛ abaanyɛ akɛ he afɔ̃ nɔ.

Yɛ afi 400 afii lɛ shishijee mli lɛ, akɛ Biblia ni atsɔɔ shishi kɛtee Siriak wiemɔ mli lɛ bɔi nitsumɔ yɛ Mesopotamia kooyigbɛ fɛɛ. Eeenyɛ efee akɛ, afee shishitsɔɔmɔ nɛɛ yɛ afi 100 afii lɛ loo afi 200 Ŋ.B. afii lɛ amli, ni atsɔɔ Biblia mli woji lɛ fɛɛ ashishi yɛ mli, ja 2 Petro, 2 Yohane, 3 Yohane, Yuda, kɛ Kpojiemɔ. Atsɛɔ shishitsɔɔmɔ nɛɛ akɛ Peshitta, eshishi ji “Eshishinumɔ Waaa” loo “Eyɛ Faŋŋ.” Peshitta lɛ ji Biblia shishitsɔɔmɔi ni etsɛ waa lɛ ateŋ ekome, ni eji odaseyeli ni fe fɛɛ ni tsɔɔ akɛ abɔi Biblia lɛ shishitsɔɔmɔ kɛ wiemɔi krokomɛi amli yaa nɛɛ jeee ŋmɛnɛ.

Yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, bei ni yɔɔ Peshitta lɛ ni akɛ niji ŋmala lɛ eko nɔ lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ aŋma aaafee afi 459 kɛ 460 Ŋ.B. afii lɛ amli, ni no hãa ebafeɔ Biblia ni akɛ niji ŋmala ni etsɛ fe fɛɛ, ni atsɔɔ be pɔtɛ̃ɛ ni akɛŋma. Yɛ aaafee afi 508 Ŋ.B. lɛ, asaa aŋma Peshitta lɛ ehee ni atsake hiɛ fioo ni akɛ woji enumɔ ni bɛ klɛŋklɛŋ nɔ lɛ mli lɛ wo mli. Abale Peshitta ni atsake hiɛ nɛɛ akɛ Philoxenian Version.

Dani afi 1800 afii lɛ kɛɛ eshɛɔ lɛ, no mli lɛ, Kristofoi a-Hela Ŋmalɛi ni yɔɔ Hela mli lɛ fɛɛ ji woji ni aŋmala yɛ afi 400 afii lɛ amli loo aŋmala kwraa dani nakai afi lɛ po shɛ. Enɛ hewɔ lɛ, Biblia he nilelɔi sumɔɔ ni amɛkɛ shishitsɔɔmɔi ni afee etsɛ, tamɔ Latin Vulgate lɛ kɛ Siriak Peshitta lɛ, atsu nii waa. Be ko shɛ ni mɛi komɛi susu akɛ Peshitta lɛ ji Siriak shishitsɔɔmɔ momo ko ni atsake hiɛ afee lɛ ehee. Shi nɔ ko bɛ ni tsɔɔ nakai. Akɛni atsɔɔ Siriak Biblia lɛ shishi yɛ afi 100 afii lɛ amli hewɔ lɛ, abaanyɛ atsɔ nɔ ale bɔ ni Biblia lɛ ji kɛjɛ shishijee, ni ekã shi faŋŋ akɛ enɛ baaye ebua Biblia he nilelɔi waa! Ani eji anɔkwale akɛ ayɛ blema Siriak shishitsɔɔmɔ ko? Ani abaanyɛ ana?

Hɛɛ abaanyɛ ana! Yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, anyɛ ana Siriak Bibliai ni akɛ niji ŋmala lɛ ekomɛi. Klɛŋklɛŋ nɔ lɛ, akɛ niji ŋmala yɛ afi 400 afii lɛ amli. Efata Siriak woji babaoo ni akɛ niji ŋmala ni ayahe awo British Museum lɛ mli lɛ ahe. Ayahe woji nɛɛ kɛjɛ jamɔhe, ni yɔɔ Nitrian Shiaŋã ni yɔɔ Ejipt lɛ mli yɛ afi 1842. Atsɛɔ wolo nɛɛ akɛ Curetonian Siriak, ejaakɛ William Cureton, ni ji mɔ ni kwɛɔ blema nitoohe lɛ woji ni akɛ niji ŋmala lɛ anɔ lɛ sɛɛkwɛlɔ lɛ ji mɔ ni na ni ehã akala. Wolo nɛɛ he yɛ sɛɛnamɔ waa ejaakɛ Sanekpakpai ejwɛ lɛ, ni ato naa, ni ji Mateo, Marko, Yohane, kɛ Luka, yɛ mli.

Wolo kroko ni akɛ niji ŋmala ni no hu ehi shi kɛbashi wɔbe nɛɛ amli ji Sinaitik Siriak lɛ. Mɛi ni na wolo nɛɛ ji haaji enyɔ ni hiɛ wala ni awie amɛhe yɛ sane nɛɛ shishijee lɛ. Eyɛ mli akɛ Agnes eyaaa yunivɛsiti moŋ, shi enyɛ ekase maŋsɛɛ wiemɔi kpaanyɔ, ni amɛteŋ ekome ji Siriak. Yɛ afi 1892 mli lɛ, Agnes pɛi nii amli ni enyɛ ena nɔ ko ni nɔ bɛ yɛ St. Catherine jamɔhe ni yɔɔ Ejipt lɛ mli.

Ena Siriak wolo ni akɛ niji ŋmala lɛ eko yɛ kabɔdi ko ni mli ewo duŋ mli. Eŋma akɛ, “ebɛ hiŋmɛi nɔ, ejaakɛ ewo muji kpɔŋŋ, ni ekpɛtɛkpɛtɛɛ ejaakɛ agbele mli nɛɛ” afii ohai abɔ nɛ. Eji wolo ko ni akɛ niji ŋmala, shi atsumɔ klɛŋklɛŋ wiemɔi ni aŋmala yɛ nɔ lɛ, ni aŋma sane ko ni kɔɔ yoo hetselɔ ko he yɛ Siriak wiemɔ mli yɛ nɔ. Kɛ̃lɛ, Agnes na niŋmai ni yɔɔ shishigbɛ lɛ ekomɛi, ni ena wiemɔi ni yɔɔ “Mateo,” “Marko,” loo “Luka” woji lɛ amli lɛ yɛ ŋwɛigbɛ. Nɔ ni ehiɛ yɛ edɛŋ lɛ ji, Siriak wolokpo ni miihe aye emuu ní Sanekpakpai ejwɛ lɛ yɔɔ mli! Ŋmɛnɛ lɛ, Biblia he nilelɔi heɔ yeɔ akɛ aŋma wolokpo nɛɛ yɛ afi 300 afii lɛ anaagbee gbɛ.

Abuɔ Sinaitik Siriak lɛ akɛ eji woji ni akɛ niji ŋmala ni he yɔɔ sɛɛnamɔ waa lɛ ateŋ ekome ni ana, ni etamɔ Hela Bibliai ni akɛ niji ŋmala, tamɔ Codex Sinaitikus kɛ Codex Vatikanus lɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ. Ŋmɛnɛ lɛ, mɛi pii heɔ yeɔ akɛ akwɛ Siriak Sanekpakpa memeji lɛ anɔ ni aŋmala Curetonian kɛ Sinaitik niŋmai enyɔ lɛ fɛɛ, ni aŋmala woji enyɔ nɛɛ yɛ afi 100 afii lɛ loo afi 200 afii lɛ ashishijee gbɛ tɔ̃ɔ.

Ani Biblia mli saji ni akɛ niji ŋmala nɛɛ ahe baanyɛ aba sɛɛnamɔ kɛhã Biblia kaselɔi ŋmɛnɛ? Hɛɛ ehe baanyɛ aba sɛɛnamɔ kɛhã amɛ! Akɛ nɔkwɛmɔnɔ lɛ, bo lɛ susumɔ nɔ ni mɛi komɛi tsɔɔ akɛ eji Marko Sanekpakpa lɛ naamuu kakadaŋŋ lɛ, ni yɛ Biblia komɛi amli lɛ eyɛ Marko 16:8 lɛ naagbee lɛ he okwɛ. Ejeɔ kpo yɛ Greek Codex Alexandrinus ni aŋma yɛ afi 400 afii lɛ amli lɛ, Latin Vulgate lɛ, kɛ woji krokomɛi amli. Kɛ̃lɛ Hela woji enyɔ ni abuɔ waa ni aŋmala yɛ afi 300 afii lɛ amli, ni ji Codex Sinaitikus kɛ Codex Vatikanus lɛ fɛɛ gbeɔ naa yɛ Marko 16:8 lɛ. Naamuu kakadaŋŋ nɛɛ bɛ Sinaitik Siriak lɛ mli, ni enɛ hu ji odaseyeli kroko ni tsɔɔ akɛ eji nɔ ko ni akɛfata Marko Sanekpakpa lɛ he sɛɛ mli.

Naa nɔkwɛmɔnɔ kroko. Yɛ afi 1800 afii lɛ amli lɛ, akɛ sane ko ni kɛ́ okwɛ lɛ etamɔ anɔkwale ni fĩɔ Triniti tsɔɔmɔ lɛ sɛɛ lɛ fata sane ni yɔɔ 1 Yohane 5:7 lɛ he yɛ Bibliai shishitsɔɔmɔi amli. Kɛ̃lɛ, sane ni akɛfata he nɛɛ bɛ Hela niŋmai ni akɛ niji ŋmala ni etsɛ fe fɛɛ lɛ amli. Ni ebɛ Peshitta lɛ hu mli, no hewɔ lɛ, enɛ tsɔɔ faŋŋ akɛ akɛ sane ni akɛfata 1 Yohane 5:7 lɛ he lɛ wo mli ni akɛfite shishinumɔ diɛŋtsɛ ni ehiɛ lɛ.

No hewɔ lɛ, eyɛ faŋŋ akɛ, taakɛ Yehowa Nyɔŋmɔ wo shi lɛ, ebaa e-Wiemɔ Krɔŋkrɔŋ lɛ yi. Yehowa maa nɔ mi ehãa wɔ yɛ e-Wiemɔ lɛ mli akɛ: “Jwɛi gbĩɔ, ni fɔfɔi hu ŋãlãa: shi wɔ-Nyɔŋmɔ lɛ wiemɔ lɛ aaadamɔ shi kɛaatee naanɔ!” (Yesaia 40:8; 1 Petro 1:25) Biblia shishitsɔɔmɔ ni ji Peshitta lɛ yeɔ ebuaa waa ni atsɔɔ Biblia lɛ shishi jogbaŋŋ yɛ gbɛ ni ja nɔ kɛyaa wiemɔi krokomɛi amli koni mɛi fɛɛ anyɛ akane.