Wari ubizi?

Ni ikaramu be n’irangi bwoko ki vyakoreshwa mu bihe vya Bibiliya?

Bibiliya irimwo amakete atatu yanditswe n’intumwa Yohani. Mu nsozero y’ikete rigira gatatu, iyo ntumwa ivuga iti: “Nari mfise ibintu vyinshi vyo kukwandikira, yamara sinshaka kubandanya kukwandikira nkoresheje irangi n’ikaramu.” Amajambo yo mu kigiriki co mu ntango Yohani yakoresheje, umuntu ayahinduye ijambo ku rindi, yerekana ko Yohani atashaka kubandanya yandikisha “[irangi] ryirabura n’irenga.”​—3 Yohani 13, The Kingdom Interlinear Translation of the Greek Scriptures.

Mu kwandika, abanditsi b’ico gihe bakoresha akagegene k’irenga rikomeye. Ku mutwe w’ako kagegene barahahimbura mu buryo buhengetse, hanyuma bagaca bahasongora cane. Umwanditsi yarashobora gusubira kugasongora akoresheje ibuye rimeze nk’umuseno. Iryo renga ryagomba kumera nka rirya karamu ryo muri kino gihe abaragana basinyisha muri komine rikoresha wino, kandi vyakora nka cokimwe.

Akenshi irangi wasanga rigizwe n’uruvange rw’umusengesenge hamwe n’ibintu bimeze nk’umusururu birenduka kandi bifata nk’uburembo. Iryo rangi ryagurishwa ryumye, akaba ari co gituma umuntu yategerezwa kurivanga n’urugero rw’amazi rubereye imbere yo kurikoresha. Mu kwandika, iryo rangi ryafata hejuru ku rushato canke ku rupapuro rukozwe mu rufunzo ariko ntiryanyengetera muri vyo. Ivyo rero vyatuma umwanditsi akosora bitagoranye ikosa iryo ari ryo ryose akoresheje akanyuko kabomvye; birashoboka kandi ko mu bikoresho umwanditsi yakenera ako kanyuko kari ntahara. Ayo makuru yerekeye irangi rya kera aratuma tumenya ivyo abantu bamwebamwe banditse Bibiliya bashobora kuba bari bafise mu muzirikanyi igihe bavuga ivyerekeye amazina ahanagurwa canke akurwa mu gitabu c’ubuzima c’Imana.​—Kuvayo 32:32, 33; Ivyahishuwe 3:5.

Intumwa Paulo yajisha amahema bwoko ki?

Mu Vyakozwe 18:3 havuga yuko intumwa Paulo yari asanzwe afise umwuga wo kujisha amahema. Mu bihe vya Bibiliya, abajisha amahema barafata ubwoya bw’ingamiya canke bw’impene bakabuhingira bukavamwo ibipandepande bimeze nk’ibitambara. Baca bafatanya ivyo bipandepande mu kubishona, bikavamwo amahema agenewe ingenzi. Ariko rero, amahema menshi yakorwa mu nshato. Ayandi yakorwa mw’ilino ryahingurirwa mu gisagara c’amavukiro ca Paulo, ari co Taruso. Paulo ashobora kuba yarakoresheje ico ari co cose muri ivyo bintu vyakorwamwo amahema canke akaba yarabikoresheje vyose. Ariko rero, igihe Paulo yakorana na Akwila, ashobora kuba yarajisha mw’ilino amahema agenewe gukinga izuba yakoreshwa mu gusakara aho abantu bateramira imbere mu kigo c’inzu y’umuntu kanaka.

Birashoboka ko Paulo yize uwo mwuga akiri umwana. Ibimenyamenya vyo mu vyandikano vyo mu rufunzo vyo mu Misiri vyerekana ko mu kiringo c’Inganji y’Abaroma, abiga umwuga kanaka mu Misiri batangura kuwiga bafise imyaka 13. Nimba Paulo yari afise iyo myaka igihe yatangura uwo mwuga wo kujisha, igihe yakwiza imyaka 15 canke 16 ashobora kuba yari amaze kugira ubuhinga bwo gukata amahema yiwe yisunze ubunini be n’imero yipfuza, hanyuma akabifatanya akoresheje inshinge zitandukanye be n’ubuhinga bwiwe bwo gushona. Igitabu kimwe (The Social Context of Paul’s Ministry) kivuga giti: “Birashoboka ko Paulo yahawe ibikoresho vyiwe bwite igihe yarangiza kwiga umwuga wiwe.” Nya gitabu congerako giti: “Kubera ko umwuga wo gushona amahema wasaba gusa imbugita n’inshinge, wasanga vyoroshe ko umuntu awurangurira aho ari hose.” Uwo mwuga ni wo Paulo yikorako kugira ngo aronke ivya nkenerwa mu ngendo ziwe z’ubumisiyonari.