Igisonga cyizerwa hamwe n’Inteko Nyobozi

“Mu by’ukuri se, ni nde gisonga cyizerwa kandi kizi ubwenge, shebuja azashinga abagaragu be kugira ngo kijye gikomeza kubagerera ibyokurya mu gihe gikwiriye?”—LUKA 12:42.

1, 2. Ni ikihe kibazo cy’ingenzi Yesu yabajije igihe yatangaga ikimenyetso gikubiyemo ibintu byinshi cyari kuranga iminsi y’imperuka?

IGIHE Yesu yatangaga ikimenyetso gikubiyemo ibintu byinshi cyagombaga kuranga iminsi y’imperuka, yarabajije ati “mu by’ukuri se, ni nde mugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge, shebuja yashinze abo mu rugo rwe bose ngo ajye abaha ibyokurya mu gihe gikwiriye?” Yesu yakomeje avuga ko yari kugororera uwo mugaragu amushinga ibyo atunze byose, kubera ko yari yarabaye uwizerwa.—Mat 24:45-47.

² Amezi menshi mbere yaho, Yesu yari yarabajije ikibazo nk’icyo. (Soma muri Luka 12:42-44.) Yise uwo mugaragu ‘igisonga,’ naho “abo mu rugo” abita “abagaragu be.” Igisonga ni umuntu ushinzwe kwita ku byo mu rugo, cyangwa umuntu uhagarariye abandi bagaragu. Ariko kandi, igisonga na cyo ni umugaragu. None se uwo mugaragu cyangwa igisonga ni nde, kandi se ni gute atanga “ibyokurya mu gihe gikwiriye”? Ni iby’ingenzi ko twese tumenya umuyoboro Imana ikoresha kugira ngo iduhe ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka.

 3. (a) Ni gute abantu basobanura Bibiliya bo mu madini yiyita aya gikristo bagerageje gusobanura amagambo ya Yesu avuga ‘umugaragu’? (b) Ni nde “gisonga” cyangwa ‘umugaragu,’ kandi se “abagaragu” cyangwa “abo mu rugo,” bo ni ba nde?

³ Incuro nyinshi, abantu basobanura Bibiliya bo mu madini yiyita aya gikristo bavuga ko ayo magambo ya Yesu yerekezaga ku bantu bafite inshingano mu madini yabo. Ariko Yesu, ari we “shebuja” uvugwa muri urwo rugero, ntiyavuze ko hari kubaho abagaragu benshi bari kuba batataniye mu madini atandukanye yiyita aya gikristo. Ahubwo yavuze ko hari kubaho ‘igisonga’ kimwe cyangwa ‘umugaragu,’ yari gushinga ibyo atunze byose. Bityo rero, nk’uko iyi gazeti yagiye ibisobanura kenshi, igisonga kigereranya ‘umukumbi muto’ w’abigishwa basutsweho umwuka bafashwe mu rwego rw’itsinda. Ni bo Yesu yavugaga mu Ivanjiri ya Luka (Luka 12:32). Imvugo ngo “abagaragu be” cyangwa “abo mu rugo” yerekeza kuri iryo tsinda, ariko igaragaza inshingano buri wese muri bo afite. Ibyo bishobora gutuma twibaza ikibazo gishishikaje gikurikira: ese buri wese mu bagize itsinda ry’umugaragu agira uruhare mu gutanga ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka mu gihe gikwiriye? Dusuzumye twitonze icyo Ibyanditswe bivuga, twabona igisubizo cy’icyo kibazo.

Umugaragu wa Yehova mu bihe bya kera

 4. Ni gute Yehova yerekeje ku ishyanga rya Isirayeli ya kera, kandi se ni ikihe kintu cy’ingenzi dukwiriye kumenya ku bihereranye n’iryo shyanga?

⁴ Yehova yerekeje ku bwoko bwe, ni ukuvuga ishyanga rya Isirayeli ya kera mu rwego rw’itsinda, avuga ko ari umugaragu. Yagize ati “‘muri abahamya banjye [mu bwinshi],” ni ko Yehova avuga “ndetse muri umugaragu wanjye [mu bumwe] natoranyije’” (Yes 43:10, NW). Uwo mugaragu yari agizwe n’abari bagize iryo shyanga bose. Icyakora, ni iby’ingenzi ko tumenya ko abatambyi hamwe n’Abalewi batari abatambyi ari bo bonyine bigishaga iryo shyanga.—2 Ngoma 35:3; Mal 2:7.

 5. Dukurikije ibyo Yesu yavuze, ni irihe hinduka rikomeye ryagombaga kubaho?

⁵ Ese ishyanga rya Isirayeli ni ryo mugaragu Yesu yerekezagaho? Oya. Dushubije dutyo kubera ko tuzi ibyo Yesu yavuze ku bihereranye n’Abayahudi bo mu gihe cye. Yarababwiye ati ‘ubwami bw’Imana muzabunyagwa buhabwe ishyanga ryera imbuto zabwo’ (Mat 21:43). Uko bigaragara hari kubaho ihinduka. Yehova yari gukoresha ishyanga rishya. Icyakora, iyo ari ibirebana n’inyigisho zo mu buryo bw’umwuka, uwo mugaragu uvugwa mu rugero rwa Yesu akora umurimo nk’uwo ‘umugaragu’ w’Imana wo muri Isirayeli ya kera yakoraga.

Umugaragu wizerwa agaragara

 6. Ni irihe shyanga rishya ryavutse kuri Pentekote yo mu mwaka wa 33, kandi se ryari rigizwe na ba nde?

⁶ Ishyanga rishya, ari ryo “Isirayeli y’Imana,” rigizwe n’Abisirayeli bo mu buryo bw’umwuka (Gal 6:16; Rom 2:28, 29; 9:6). Iryo shyanga ryavutse igihe umwuka w’Imana wasukwaga ku bigishwa kuri Pentekote yo mu mwaka wa 33. Nyuma yaho, Abakristo bose basutsweho umwuka babaye bamwe mu bagize iryo shyanga, akaba ari ryo tsinda ry’umugaragu ryashyizweho na Shebuja ari we Yesu Kristo. Buri wese mu bagize iryo shyanga yahawe inshingano yo kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza no guhindura abantu abigishwa (Mat 28:19, 20). Ariko se, buri wese mu bagize iryo tsinda yagiraga uruhare mu gutanga ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka? Reka turebe uko Ibyanditswe bisubiza icyo kibazo.

 7. Mu mizo ya mbere inshingano y’ibanze y’intumwa yari iyihe, kandi se ni gute nyuma yaho inshingano zaje kwiyongera?

⁷ Igihe Yesu yatoranyaga intumwa ze 12, umurimo wazo w’ibanze wari uwo gutumwa kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza. (Soma muri Mariko 3:13-15.) Iyo nshingano yari ihuje neza n’ibisobanuro by’ibanze by’ijambo ry’Ikigiriki (apostolos) rikomoka ku nshinga isobanurwa ngo “gutumwa.” Ariko kandi, uko igihe cyagendaga gihita n’itorero rya gikristo rigashingwa, inshingano y’intumwa yiyongereyeho ‘iy’ubugenzuzi.’—Ibyak 1:20-26.

8, 9. (a) Inshingano y’ibanze y’intumwa 12 yari iyihe? (b) Nk’uko byemejwe n’inteko nyobozi, ni ba nde bandi bahawe inshingano z’inyongera?

⁸ Inshingano y’ibanze y’intumwa 12 yari iyihe? Igisubizo cy’icyo kibazo twakibona dusuzumye ibintu byabayeho nyuma ya Pentekote. Igihe havukaga impaka ku bihereranye n’ukuntu abapfakazi bahabwaga ibyokurya bya buri munsi, intumwa 12 zateranyije abigishwa maze zirababwira ziti “ntibikwiriye ko tureka ijambo ry’Imana ngo tujye kugabura ibyokurya ku meza.” (Soma mu Byakozwe 6:1-6.) Hanyuma izo ntumwa zatoranyije abandi bavandimwe bakuze mu buryo bw’umwuka bo kwita kuri uwo “murimo wa ngombwa” kugira ngo zishobore kwibanda “ku murimo wo kwigisha ijambo.” Ibyo byatumye Yehova abaha umugisha maze “ijambo ry’Imana rikomeza kwamamara, kandi umubare w’abigishwa ukomeza kwiyongera cyane muri Yerusalemu” (Ibyak 6:7). Bityo rero, inshingano y’ibanze y’intumwa yari iyo gutanga ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka.—Ibyak 2:42.

⁹ Nyuma y’igihe runaka, hari abandi bahawe inshingano ziremereye. Biturutse ku buyobozi bw’umwuka wera, itorero ryo muri Antiyokiya ryohereje Pawulo na Barinaba kujya gukora umurimo w’ubumisiyonari. Nanone kandi, abantu bari bazi ko Pawulo na Barinaba bari intumwa nubwo batari bari mu ntumwa 12 za mbere (Ibyak 13:1-3; 14:14; Gal 1:19). Inteko nyobozi y’i Yerusalemu yemeje ko bari intumwa zashyizweho (Gal 2:7-10). Nyuma y’igihe gito, Pawulo yagize uruhare mu gutanga ifunguro ryo mu buryo bw’umwuka, yandika ibaruwa ye ya mbere yahumetswe.

10. Ese mu kinyejana cya mbere, Abakristo basutsweho umwuka bose bifatanyaga mu gutegura ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka? Sobanura.

¹⁰ Ariko se, Abakristo basutsweho umwuka bose bagiraga uruhare mu kugenzura umurimo wo kubwiriza no gutegura ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka? Oya. Intumwa Pawulo yagize ati “none se bose ni intumwa? Bose ni abahanuzi? Bose ni abigisha? Bose bakora ibitangaza” (1 Kor 12:29)? Nubwo Abakristo bose basutsweho umwuka bifatanyaga mu murimo wo kubwiriza, umubare muto, ni ukuvuga abagabo umunani bonyine, ni bo bakoreshejwe mu kwandika ibitabo 27 bigize Ibyanditswe bya Kigiriki bya Gikristo.

Umugaragu wizerwa muri iki gihe

11. Ni uwuhe ‘mutungo’ umugaragu yashinzwe?

¹¹ Amagambo ya Yesu aboneka muri Matayo 24:45, agaragaza neza ko itsinda ry’umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge ryari kuba rikiri ku isi mu gihe cy’iherezo. Mu Byahishuwe 12:17, herekeza ku bagize iryo tsinda habita “abasigaye” bo mu rubyaro rw’umugore. Mu rwego rw’itsinda, abo basigaye bahawe inshingano yo kwita ku mutungo wa Kristo uri hano ku isi. ‘Umutungo’ igisonga cyizerwa cyashinzwe kwitaho, ni ibintu bya Shebuja byose bifitanye isano n’Ubwami biri hano ku isi, hakaba hakubiyemo abayoboke b’Ubwami bo ku isi n’amazu akoreshwa mu gutangaza ubutumwa bwiza.

12, 13. Umukristo cyangwa Umukristokazi amenya ate ko afite ibyiringiro by’ijuru?

¹² Ni gute Umukristo cyangwa Umukristokazi amenya ko afite ibyiringiro by’ijuru, maze akaba ari umwe mu basigaye bagize Isirayeli yo mu buryo bw’umwuka? Igisubizo kiboneka mu magambo intumwa Pawulo yandikiye abo bari basangiye ibyiringiro by’ijuru, agira ati ‘abayoborwa n’umwuka w’Imana bose ni abana b’Imana. Kuko mutahawe umwuka w’ububata utuma mwongera kugira ubwoba, ahubwo mwahawe umwuka ubahindura abana, uwo mwuka ukaba ari wo utuma turangurura tuti “Abba, Data!” Umwuka w’Imana ubwawo ufatanya n’umwuka wacu guhamya ko turi abana b’Imana. Niba rero turi abana, turi n’abaragwa: turi abaragwa b’Imana rwose, ariko turi abaraganwa na Kristo, niba tubabarana na we kugira ngo nanone tuzahererwe ikuzo hamwe na we.’—Rom 8:14-17.

¹³ Mu magambo make, abo bantu basukwaho umwuka w’Imana maze bagahabwa “guhamagarwa” ko mu ijuru (Heb 3:1). Imana ni yo itumira buri muntu. Abatumiwe na bo babyitabira badashidikanya cyangwa ngo batinye kwitwa abana b’Imana. (Soma muri 1 Yohana 2:20, 21.) Ku bw’ibyo, si bo ubwabo bihitiramo ibyo byiringiro, ahubwo Yehova abashyiraho ikimenyetso cye, ni ukuvuga kubasukaho umwuka wera.—2 Kor 1:21, 22; 1 Pet 1:3, 4.

Kubona ibintu mu buryo bwiza

14. Abasutsweho umwuka babona bate ihamagarwa ryabo?

¹⁴ Abasutsweho umwuka bagombye kwifata bate mu gihe bategereje guhabwa ingororano yabo yo mu ijuru? Bazi ko nubwo itumira bahawe rihebuje, ari itumira gusa. Kugira ngo babone icyo gihembo, bagomba gukomeza kuba abizerwa kugeza bapfuye. Bicisha bugufi bakumva bameze nka Pawulo wagize ati ‘bavandimwe, sintekereza ko namaze gusingira [igihembo], ahubwo hari ikintu kimwe gusa: nibagirwa ibiri inyuma ngahatanira gusingira ibiri imbere, nkomeza gukurikira ngana ku ntego ngo mpabwe igihembo cyo guhamagarwa ko mu ijuru kuva ku Mana binyuze kuri Kristo Yesu’ (Fili 3:13, 14). Abasigaye basutsweho umwuka bagomba gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo ‘bagende mu buryo bukwiranye no guhamagarwa kwabo, biyoroshya rwose’ bakabikora ‘batinya kandi bahinda umushyitsi.’—Efe 4:1, 2; Fili 2:12; 1 Tes 2:12.

15. Ni gute Abakristo bagombye kubona abarya ku mugati bakanywa no kuri divayi mu gihe cy’Urwibutso, kandi se abasutsweho umwuka bo bitwara bate?

¹⁵ Abandi Bakristo se bo bagombye kubona bate umuntu uvuga ko yasutsweho umwuka kandi urya ku mugati akanywa no kuri divayi bikoreshwa mu Rwibutso? Uwo Mukristo cyangwa Umukristokazi nta we ugomba kumucira urubanza. Ibyo ni ikibazo kireba uwo muntu na Yehova (Rom 14:12). Icyakora, Abakristo basutsweho umwuka by’ukuri ntibitega ko abandi babona ko bihariye. Ntibumva ko kuba barasutsweho umwuka bituma bagira ubumenyi bwihariye buruta ubwo bamwe mu bagize “imbaga y’abantu benshi” bamaze igihe kirekire mu muteguro bashobora kuba bafite (Ibyah 7:9). Ntibumva ko byanze bikunze barusha umwuka wera bagenzi babo bagize “izindi ntama” (Yoh 10:16). Ntibitega ko bafatwa mu buryo bwihariye, cyangwa ngo bumve ko kuba barya ku mugati kandi bakanywa kuri divayi, bituma baba hejuru y’abandi basaza bashyizweho mu itorero.

16-18. (a) Ese abasutsweho umwuka bose bagira uruhare mu gutanga ibisobanuro bishya by’ukuri ko muri Bibiliya? Tanga urugero. (b) Kuki atari ngombwa ko Inteko Nyobozi ibaza buri wese mu bavuga ko basutsweho umwuka uko abona ibintu, mbere y’uko ifata umwanzuro?

¹⁶ Ese abasutsweho umwuka bose bari hirya no hino ku isi babanza kungurana ibitekerezo kugira ngo batange ibisobanuro bishya by’ukuri ko muri Bibiliya? Oya. Nubwo itsinda ry’umugaragu rishinzwe guha igaburo abo mu rugo, ntabwo abarigize bafite inshingano zimwe cyangwa imirimo imwe. (Soma mu 1 Abakorinto 12:14-18.) Nk’uko twigeze kubivuga, mu kinyejana cya mbere abari bagize itsinda ry’umugaragu bose bakoraga umurimo w’ingenzi wo kubwiriza. Ariko kandi, bake gusa ni bo bakoreshejwe kugira ngo bandike ibitabo bya Bibiliya, kandi bagenzure itorero rya gikristo.

¹⁷ Urugero, Ibyanditswe bivuga ko hari igihe “itorero” rigira uruhare mu gukemura ibibazo by’imanza (Mat 18:17). Mu by’ukuri ariko, abasaza ni bo bonyine bafite uburenganzira bwo gukora icyo gikorwa, bakaba babukesha kuba bahagarariye itorero. Ntabwo abasaza babaza buri muntu mu bagize itorero uko abona ibintu mbere y’uko bafata umwanzuro. Basohoza inshingano bahawe, bakabikora mu mwanya w’itorero ryose.

¹⁸ Mu buryo nk’ubwo, muri iki gihe abantu bake mu basutsweho umwuka ni bo bahagarariye itsinda ry’umugaragu. Abo ni bo bagize Inteko Nyobozi y’Abahamya ba Yehova. Abo bagabo basutsweho umwuka bagenzura umurimo w’Ubwami na gahunda yo gutanga ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka. Nk’uko byari bimeze mu kinyejana cya mbere rero, mbere yo gufata umwanzuro abagize Inteko Nyobozi ntibabaza buri wese mu bagize itsinda ry’umugaragu icyo abitekerezaho. (Soma mu Byakozwe 16:4, 5.) Ariko kandi, Abahamya bose basutsweho umwuka bifatanya mu buryo bwuzuye mu murimo w’ingenzi w’isarura ukorwa muri iki gihe. Mu rwego rw’itsinda, ‘umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge’ ni umubiri umwe, ariko abagize iryo tsinda bafite inshingano zitandukanye.—1 Kor 12:19-26.

19, 20. Ni gute abagize izindi ntama babona mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro ‘umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge’ n’Inteko Nyobozi?

¹⁹ Ese ibintu tumaze kuvuga byagombye kumarira iki abagize imbaga y’abantu benshi bafite ibyiringiro byo kuzaba ku isi bagenda barushaho kwiyongera? Kubera ko bari mu bagize umutungo w’Umwami, bishimira gushyigikira mu buryo bwuzuye ibintu byose bikorwa n’Inteko Nyobozi, ari yo ihagarariye ‘umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge.’ Abagize imbaga y’abantu benshi bishimira ibyokurya byo mu buryo bw’umwuka bitangwa binyuze ku buyobozi bw’Inteko Nyobozi. Ariko nanone, nubwo abagize imbaga y’abantu benshi bubaha itsinda ry’umugaragu, baba maso kugira ngo hatagira n’umwe muri abo bagize iryo tsinda baha icyubahiro kidakwiriye. Nta Mukristo wasutsweho umwuka n’Imana wakwifuza guhabwa bene icyo cyubahiro cyangwa ngo abyitege.—Ibyak 10:25, 26; 14:14, 15.

²⁰ Twaba turi “abo mu rugo” bari mu basigaye basutsweho umwuka, cyangwa turi abagize imbaga y’abantu benshi, nimucyo twiyemeze gukorana neza n’igisonga cyizerwa hamwe n’Inteko Nyobozi. Nimucyo buri wese muri twe ‘akomeze kuba maso’ kandi tugaragaze ko turi abizerwa kugeza ku iherezo.—Mat 24:13, 42.

Ese uribuka?

• Ni nde “mugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge,” kandi se “abo mu rugo” ni ba nde?

• Umuntu amenya ate ko afite ihamagarwa ryo mu ijuru?

• Ni nde ufite inshingano y’ibanze yo gutanga ibisobanuro bishya by’ukuri ko muri Bibiliya?

• Ni iki umuntu wasutsweho umwuka yagombye kumenya?

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 23]

Muri iki gihe, Inteko Nyobozi ihagarariye itsinda ry’umugaragu wizerwa kandi w’umunyabwenge. Uko ni na ko byari bimeze mu kinyejana cya mbere