Igice cya 10

Ubukristo—Ese Yesu yari inzira iyobora ku Mana?

Kugeza ubu, twasuzumye amadini akomeye ashingiye ahanini ku migani y’imihimbano, uretse igice cyavugaga idini ry’Abayahudi. Ubu noneho tugiye gusuzuma irindi dini rivuga ko rifasha abantu kwegera Imana, ni ukuvuga idini ry’Ubukristo. Ese Ubukristo bushingiye ku migani y’imihimbano cyangwa bushingiye ku bintu by’ukuri byabayeho mu mateka?

1. (a) Kuki amateka y’amadini yiyita aya gikristo atuma bamwe bashidikanya cyane ku Bukristo? (b) Dutandukanya dute amadini yiyita aya gikristo n’Ubukristo?

AMATEKA y’amadini yiyita aya gikristoa yaranzwe n’intambara, inkiko za kiliziya zaciraga imanza abataravugaga rumwe na yo, intambara z’abanyamisaraba n’uburyarya. Ibyo byabangamiye cyane Ubukristo. Abisilamu n’abandi bavuga ko igituma banga Ubukristo ari uko ibihugu by’iburengerazuba byiganjemo “Abakristo” byononekaye mu by’umuco. Koko rero, ibyo bihugu byiganjemo abiyita Abakristo byatakaje ingashya zayoboraga ubwato bwabyo mu by’umuco maze bumenekera ku ntaza zo kubura ukwizera, umururumba no gukabya kwiruka inyuma y’ibinezeza.

2, 3. (a) Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y’Abakristo bo mu binyejana bya mbere n’Abakristo bo mu madini yiyita aya gikristo yo muri iki gihe? (b) Ni ibihe bibazo tugiye gusubiza?

² Amahame yagengaga Abakristo ba mbere atandukanye n’imico y’abantu bo muri iki gihe yo korora ibibi, ibyo bikaba bigaragazwa n’ibyo umwarimu wo muri kaminuza witwa Elaine Pagels yanditse mu gitabo cye agira ati “Abakristo benshi bo mu binyejana bine bya mbere baterwaga ishema n’uko birindaga ubwiyandarike. Bamaganaga ibyo gushaka abagore benshi no gutana kw’abashakanye, nubwo imigenzo y’Abayahudi yabyemeraga, kandi bahungiraga kure ibikorwa by’ubusambanyi byari byogeye mu mahanga yari abakikije, ibikorwa byari bikubiyemo uburaya no kuryamana kw’abahuje ibitsina.”—Adam, Eve, and the Serpent.

³ Bityo rero, twakwibaza tuti “ese amateka y’amadini yiyita aya gikristo n’uko yitwara mu by’umuco muri iki gihe, bigaragaza ko mu by’ukuri akurikiza inyigisho za Yesu Kristo? Yesu yari muntu ki? Ese yafashije abantu kurushaho kwegera Imana? Ese ni we Mesiya wari warasezeranyijwe mu buhanuzi bw’igiheburayo?” Ibyo ni bimwe mu bibazo tugiye gusuzuma muri iki gice.

Ni ibihe bihamya bigaragaza ko Yesu yari Mesiya?

4. Mu byo twasuzumye, ni irihe tandukaniro twabonye hagati y’inkomoko y’Ubukristo n’inkomoko y’andi madini akomeye yo mu isi?

⁴ Mu bice bibanza twabonye uruhare rukomeye rw’imigani y’imihimbano mu madini akomeye hafi ya yose yo mu isi. Ariko igihe twasuzumaga inkomoko y’idini ry’Abayahudi mu gice kibanziriza iki, ntitwahereye ku migani ahubwo twahereye ku nkuru y’umuntu wabayeho mu mateka witwa Aburahamu, abo akomokaho n’abamukomotseho. Ku byerekeye Ubukristo hamwe n’uwabutangije ari we Yesu, na bwo ntiduhera ku migani y’imihimbano, ahubwo duhera ku muntu wabayeho mu mateka.—Reba agasanduku kari ku ipaji ya 237.

5. (a) Ni ibihe bimenyetso bigaragaza ko Yesu yari ‘urubyaro’ rwa Aburahamu rwasezeranyijwe? (b) Ni ba nde banditse Ibyanditswe by’Ikigiriki bya Gikristo?

⁵ Umurongo wa mbere w’Ibyanditswe by’Ikigiriki bya Gikristo, bamwe bakunze kwita Isezerano Rishya (reba agasanduku kari ku ipaji ya 241), ugira uti “igitabo cy’amateka ya Yesu Kristo, mwene Dawidi, mwene Aburahamu” (Matayo 1:1). Ese icyo ni igitekerezo kidafite ishingiro cyatanzwe n’Umuyahudi witwaga Matayo wari warahoze ari umukoresha w’ikoro, akaba n’umwe mu bigishwa ba Yesu babanye na we, wanditse inkuru ivuga iby’imibereho ya Yesu? Oya. Imirongo 15 ikurikiraho igaragaza urutonde rw’abakomotse kuri Aburahamu kugeza kuri Yakobo ‘wabyaye Yozefu umugabo wa Mariya, ari we nyina wa Yesu witwa Kristo.’ Bityo rero, Yesu yakomokaga rwose kuri Aburahamu, Yuda na Dawidi, kandi ibyo bisekuru bitatu ni bimwe mu bimenyetso bihamya ko ari we “rubyaro” rwa Aburahamu rwahanuwe mu Ntangiriro 3:15.—Intangiriro 22:18; 49:10; 1 Ibyo ku Ngoma 17:11.

6, 7. Kuki aho Yesu yavukiye ari ingenzi?

⁶ Indi gihamya yagaragazaga ko Yesu yari Mesiya, cyangwa Urubyaro rwasezeranyijwe, ni aho yavukiye. Yavukiye he? Matayo atubwira ko Yesu ‘yavukiye i Betelehemu y’i Yudaya ku ngoma y’umwami Herode’ (Matayo 2:1). Inkuru yanditswe n’umuganga Luka na yo irabyemeza. Ivuga iby’uwari kuzarera Yesu, igira iti ‘Yozefu na we yavuye i Galilaya mu mugi wa Nazareti, ajya i Yudaya mu mugi wa Dawidi witwa Betelehemu, kuko yari uwo mu nzu ya Dawidi no mu muryango wa Dawidi, kugira ngo ajye kwiyandikishanya na Mariya, wari waramaze gushyingiranwa na we nk’uko yari yarabisezeranyijwe, icyo gihe akaba yari akuriwe.’—Luka 2:4, 5.

⁷ Kuki byari ngombwa ko Yesu avukira i Betelehemu aho kuvukira i Nazareti cyangwa mu wundi mugi? Ni ukubera ko hari ubuhanuzi bwari bwaravuzwe n’Umuheburayo witwa Mika mu kinyejana cya munani M.Y., buvuga buti “nawe Betelehemu Efurata, nubwo uri muto cyane ku buryo utabarwa mu bihumbi by’u Buyuda, muri wowe hazava umutware uzakora ibyo nshaka muri Isirayeli, wabayeho kuva kera cyane, uhereye mu bihe bitarondoreka” (Mika 5:2). Bityo rero, bitewe n’aho Yesu yavukiye, yari afite indi gihamya igaragaza ko ari we Rubyaro rwasezeranyijwe, akaba na Mesiya.—Yohana 7:42.

8. Ni ubuhe buhanuzi bumwe na bumwe Yesu yashohoje?

⁸ Koko rero, Yesu yashohoje ubundi buhanuzi bwinshi bwo mu Byanditswe by’Igiheburayo, bityo yerekana ko ibimenyetso byose byahamyaga ko ari we Mesiya wari warasezeranyijwe. Ushobora kugenzura muri Bibiliya bimwe muri ibyo. (Reba agasanduku kari ku ipaji ya 245.)b Ariko noneho, nimucyo dusuzume muri make ubutumwa bwa Yesu n’umurimo we.

Imibereho ya Yesu yagaragaje inzira

9. (a) Yesu yatangiye ate umurimo wo kwigishiriza mu ruhame? (b) Tubwirwa n’iki ko Imana yemeraga Yesu?

⁹ Inkuru yo muri Bibiliya itubwira ko Yesu yarezwe nk’abandi bana bose b’Abayahudi bo mu gihe cye, ajya mu isinagogi y’iwabo no mu rusengero rw’i Yerusalemu (Luka 2:41-52). Igihe yari afite imyaka 30, yatangiye umurimo wo kwigishiriza mu ruhame. Yabanje kujya kureba mwene wabo witwaga Yohana, wabatirizaga Abayahudi mu ruzi rwa Yorodani, bikaba ikimenyetso cy’uko bihannye. Inkuru ya Luka iratubwira iti “abantu bose bamaze kubatizwa, Yesu na we arabatizwa, maze agisenga ijuru rirakinguka, umwuka wera umumanukiraho umeze nk’inuma, maze humvikana ijwi rivuye mu ijuru rivuga riti ‘uri Umwana wanjye nkunda; ndakwemera.’”—Luka 3:21-23; Yohana 1:32-34.

10, 11. (a) Ni ibihe bintu bimwe na bimwe byarangaga uburyo bwa Yesu bwo kubwiriza no kwigisha? (b) Yesu yagaragaje ate agaciro k’izina rya Se?

¹⁰ Igihe cyagenwe kigeze, Yesu yatangiye umurimo we ari Umwana w’Imana watoranyijwe. Yagiye muri Galilaya no muri Yudaya hose abwiriza ubutumwa bw’Ubwami bw’Imana kandi akora ibitangaza, urugero nko gukiza indwara. Ntiyahembwaga cyangwa ngo yishakire ubukire cyangwa kuba umuntu ukomeye. Ahubwo yavuze ko gutanga bihesha ibyishimo kuruta guhabwa. Nanone yatoje abigishwa be kubwiriza.—Matayo 8:20; 10:7-13; Ibyakozwe 20:35.

¹¹ Iyo dusuzumye ubutumwa bwa Yesu n’uburyo yakoreshaga abwiriza, twibonera ko butandukanye cyane n’uburyo bukoreshwa n’abigisha benshi bo mu madini yiyita aya gikristo. Ntiyigeze agerageza kwigarurira abantu ababwira amagambo adafashije yo gukangura ibyiyumvo byabo cyangwa ngo abatere ubwoba abigisha umuriro w’ikuzimu. Ahubwo Yesu yakoreshaga amagambo yoroheje ahuje n’ubwenge, n’imigani cyangwa ingero zishingiye ku bintu abantu babonaga mu buzima bwa buri munsi kugira ngo abagere ku mutima kandi abashishikarize gutekereza. Ikibwiriza cye cyo ku musozi kizwi cyane, ni urugero ruhebuje rw’inyigisho ze n’uburyo bwe bwo kwigisha. Muri icyo kibwiriza harimo isengesho ntangarugero rya Yesu. Muri iryo sengesho, yatangiye avuga ibyo kweza izina ry’Imana, bityo aba agaragaje ibyo Umukristo yagombye gushyira mu mwanya wa mbere. (Reba agasanduku kari ku ipaji ya 258-259.)—Matayo 5:1–7:29; 13:3-53; Luka 6:17-49.

12. (a) Yesu yagaragaje ate urukundo mu nyigisho ze no mu bikorwa bye? (b) Isi yamera ite abantu baramutse bagaragaje urukundo nyakuri rwa gikristo?

¹² Yesu yagaragazaga urukundo n’impuhwe mu mishyikirano yagiranaga n’abigishwa be ndetse n’abandi bantu muri rusange (Mariko 6:30-34). Nanone iyo yabaga abwiriza ubutumwa bw’Ubwami bw’Imana yagaragazaga urukundo no kwicisha bugufi. Ni yo mpamvu mu masaha ya nyuma y’ubuzima bwe yashoboraga kubwira abigishwa be ati “ndabaha itegeko rishya ngo mukundane; nk’uko nabakunze namwe abe ari ko mukundana. Ibyo ni byo bose bazabamenyeraho ko muri abigishwa banjye, nimukundana” (Yohana 13:34, 35). Bityo rero, Ubukristo nyakuri bushingiye ku rukundo rurangwa no kwigomwa rushingiye ku mahame (Matayo 22:37-40). Ibyo bisobanura ko Umukristo agomba gukunda n’abanzi be nubwo yanga ibikorwa byabo bibi (Luka 6:27-31). Tekereza nawe! Buri wese aramutse agaragaje urukundo nk’urwo, isi yaba itandukanye cyane n’uko imeze ubu.—Abaroma 12:17-21; 13:8-10.

13. Inyigisho za Yesu zari zitandukaniye he n’iza Confucius, Lao-tzu na Buda?

¹³ Icyakora, ibyo Yesu yigishije byari birenze kure amahame mbwirizamuco cyangwa filozofiya, urugero nk’ibyigishijwe na Confucius na Lao-tzu. Byongeye kandi, Yesu ntiyigeze yigisha nka Buda, wavugaga ko umuntu ashobora kwihesha agakiza ubwe anyuze mu nzira y’ubumenyi n’umucyo. Ahubwo, yagaragaje ko Imana ari yo itanga agakiza igihe yavugaga ati “Imana yakunze isi cyane ku buryo yatanze Umwana wayo w’ikinege, kugira ngo umwizera wese atarimbuka, ahubwo abone ubuzima bw’iteka. Imana ntiyatumye Umwana wayo mu isi gucira isi urubanza, ahubwo byari ukugira ngo isi ikizwe binyuze kuri we.”—Yohana 3:16, 17.

14. Kuki Yesu yashoboraga kuvuga ati “ni jye nzira n’ukuri n’ubuzima”?

¹⁴ Yesu yatumye abantu begera Imana binyuze mu kugaragaza urukundo rwa Se mu magambo no mu bikorwa. Iyo ni impamvu imwe yatumye ashobora kuvuga ati “ni jye nzira n’ukuri n’ubuzima. Nta muntu ujya kwa Data atanyuzeho. . . . Uwambonye yabonye na Data. None kuki uvuga uti ‘twereke Data’? Mbese ntiwizera ko nunze ubumwe na Data, Data na we akunga ubumwe nanjye? Ibintu mbabwira si ibyo nihimbira. Ahubwo Data ukomeza kunga ubumwe nanjye ni we ukora imirimo ye. . . . Mwumvise ko nababwiye nti ‘ndagiye kandi ndagaruka aho muri.’ Niba munkunda munezezwe n’uko ngiye kwa Data, kuko Data anduta” (Yohana 14:6-28). Koko rero, Yesu yari ‘inzira n’ukuri n’ubuzima’ kubera ko yayoboraga abo Bayahudi kugira ngo bagarukire Se, Yehova Imana yabo y’ukuri. Bityo, igihe Yesu yazaga, imihati abantu bashyiragaho bashakisha Imana yahise ifata indi ntera, kubera ko Imana yagaragaje urukundo rwayo ruhebuje ikohereza Yesu ku isi akaba umucyo n’ukuri kuyobora abantu kuri Se.—Yohana 1:9-14; 6:44; 8:31, 32.

15. (a) Twakora iki kugira ngo tubone Imana? (b) Ni ibihe bintu bigaragaza urukundo rw’Imana hano ku isi?

¹⁵ Umumisiyonari Pawulo yahereye ku rugero rwa Yesu n’umurimo we maze abwira Abagiriki bo muri Atene ati “[Imana] ni yo yaremye amahanga yose y’abantu iyakuye ku muntu umwe, kugira ngo ature ku isi hose. Nanone yashyizeho ibihe byagenwe n’ingabano z’aho abantu batura, kugira ngo bashake Imana, ndetse bakabakabe bayishaka, kandi mu by’ukuri bayibone, kuko ubundi itari kure y’umuntu wese muri twe. Ni yo ituma tugira ubuzima, tukagenda kandi tukaba turiho” (Ibyakozwe 17:26-28). Koko rero, umuntu wese wifuza gushyiraho imihati ashakisha Imana, ashobora kuyibona (Matayo 7:7, 8). Imana yarigaragaje kandi igaragaza urukundo rwayo itanga isi ishobora gutunga ibifite ubuzima by’amoko atabarika. Itanga ibyo abantu bose bakenera, baba ari abakiranutsi n’abakiranirwa. Nanone yahaye abantu Ijambo ryayo ryanditswe, ari ryo Bibiliya, kandi yohereza Umwana wayo kugira ngo abe igitambo cy’incungu.c Byongeye kandi, Imana yatanze ubufasha abantu bakeneye kugira ngo babone inzira iyigana.—Matayo 5:43-45; Ibyakozwe 14:16, 17; Abaroma 3:23-26.

16, 17. Urukundo rwa gikristo rwagaragazwa rute?

¹⁶ Birumvikana ariko ko urukundo rwa gikristo rutagomba kugaragazwa mu magambo gusa, ahubwo icy’ingenzi kurushaho rugomba kugaragazwa mu bikorwa. Ni yo mpamvu intumwa Pawulo yanditse ati “urukundo rurihangana kandi rukagira neza. Urukundo ntirugira ishyari, ntirwirarira, ntirwiyemera, ntirwitwara mu buryo buteye isoni, ntirushaka inyungu zarwo, ntirwivumbura. Ntirubika inzika y’inabi rwagiriwe. Ntirwishimira gukiranirwa, ahubwo rwishimira ukuri. Rutwikira byose, rwizera byose, rwiringira byose, rwihanganira byose. Urukundo ntirushira.”—1 Abakorinto 13:4-8.

¹⁷ Nanone Yesu yagaragaje ukuntu ari iby’ingenzi gutangaza Ubwami bwo mu ijuru, ni ukuvuga ubutegetsi bw’Imana buzategeka abantu bumvira.—Matayo 10:7; Mariko 13:10.

Buri Mukristo ni umubwirizabutumwa

18. (a) Ni iki cyatsindagirijwe mu Kibwiriza cyo ku Musozi cya Yesu? (b) Ni iyihe nshingano buri Mukristo afite? (c) Yesu yakoze iki kugira ngo ategurire abigishwa be kuzakora umurimo wabo, kandi se ni ubuhe butumwa bari kubwiriza?

¹⁸ Mu Kibwiriza cyo ku Musozi, Yesu yabwiye abari bamuteze amatwi ko bari bafite inshingano ikomeye yo kumurikira abandi binyuze mu magambo no mu bikorwa. Yarababwiye ati “muri umucyo w’isi. Umugi wubatswe ku musozi ntushobora kwihisha. Abantu ntibacana itara ngo baritwikirize igitebo, ahubwo barishyira ku gitereko cyaryo rikamurikira abari mu nzu bose. Namwe mujye mureka umucyo wanyu umurikire abantu, kugira ngo babone imirimo yanyu myiza maze baheshe So wo mu ijuru ikuzo” (Matayo 5:14-16). Yesu yatoje abigishwa be, bamenya uko bagombaga kubwiriza no kwigisha mu gihe bari kuba bakora ingendo bajya kubwiriza. None se ni ubuhe butumwa bari gutangaza? Bwari ubwo Yesu na we ubwe yabwirizaga, ni ukuvuga Ubwami bw’Imana bukiranuka bwari gutegeka isi. Igihe kimwe Yesu yabisobanuye agira ati “ngomba gutangariza ubutumwa bwiza bw’ubwami bw’Imana no mu yindi migi, kuko ibyo ari byo natumwe gukora” (Luka 4:43; 8:1; 10:1-12). Nanone yavuze kimwe mu bimenyetso byari kuranga iminsi y’imperuka, agira ati “ubu butumwa bwiza bw’ubwami buzabwirizwa mu isi yose ituwe, kugira ngo bubere amahanga yose ubuhamya; hanyuma imperuka ibone kuza.”—Matayo 24:3-14.

19, 20. (a) Kuki Ubukristo bw’ukuri kuva bugitangira bwari idini rirangwa n’ishyaka kandi ribwiriza? (b) Ni ibihe bibazo bikeneye ibisubizo?

¹⁹ Mu mwaka wa 33 N.Y., mbere y’uko Yesu wazuwe azamurwa mu ijuru, yategetse abigishwa be ati “nahawe ubutware bwose mu ijuru no mu isi. Ku bw’ibyo rero, nimugende muhindure abigishwa mu bantu bo mu mahanga yose, mubabatiza mu izina rya Data n’iry’Umwana n’iry’umwuka wera, mubigisha gukurikiza ibyo nabategetse byose. Kandi dore ndi kumwe namwe iminsi yose kugeza ku mperuka” (Matayo 28:18-20). Iyo ni impamvu imwe yatumye Ubukristo kuva bugitangira bwari idini rirangwa n’ishyaka kandi rihindura abantu abigishwa, ibyo bikaba byaratumye amadini yari akomeye icyo gihe y’Abagiriki n’Abaroma yari ashingiye ku migani y’imihimbano arirakarira kandi akarigirira ishyari. Ibyo bigaragazwa n’ibitotezo Pawulo yahuye na byo muri Efeso.—Ibyakozwe 19:23-41.

²⁰ Ariko kandi, dushobora kwibaza ibibazo bikurikira: ubutumwa bw’Ubwami bw’Imana bwavugaga iki ku birebana n’abapfuye? Yesu yigishije ko hariho ibihe byiringiro ku birebana n’abapfuye? Ese yasezeranyije ko “ubugingo budapfa” bw’abamwizera buzakizwa “umuriro w’ikuzimu”? Ni iki mu by’ukuri yigishije?—Matayo 4:17.

Ibyiringiro by’ubuzima bw’iteka

21, 22. (a) Yesu yagereranyije urupfu rwa Lazaro n’iki, kandi kuki? (b) Ni ibihe byiringiro Marita yari afite ku birebana na musaza we wari wapfuye?

²¹ Dushobora kumenya neza ibyiringiro Yesu yabwirizaga duhereye ku byo yavuze n’ibyo yakoze igihe incuti ye Lazaro yapfaga. Yesu yabonaga ate urwo rupfu? Igihe Yesu yari mu nzira ajya kwa Lazaro, yabwiye abigishwa be ati “incuti yacu Lazaro arasinziriye, ariko ngiyeyo kumukangura” (Yohana 11:11). Yesu yagereranyije urupfu rwa Lazaro no gusinzira. Iyo twasinziriye cyane nta kintu na kimwe tuba tuzi, ibyo bikaba bihuza n’igitekerezo cyo mu giheburayo kivugwa mu Mubwiriza 9:5, hagira hati “kuko abazima bazi ko bazapfa, ariko abapfuye bo nta cyo bakizi.”

²² Nubwo Lazaro yari amaze iminsi ine apfuye, tuzirikane ko Yesu atigeze avuga ko ubugingo bwa Lazaro bwari mu ijuru, ikuzimu cyangwa muri purugatori. Igihe Yesu yageraga i Betaniya maze mushiki wa Lazaro witwaga Marita akaza kumusanganira, yaramubwiye ati “musaza wawe arazuka.” Marita yamushubije iki? Ese yaba yaramubwiye ko yari yaramaze kugera mu ijuru? Yaramushubije ati “nzi ko azazuka ku muzuko wo ku munsi wa nyuma.” Ibyo byagaragaje neza ko ibyiringiro Abayahudi bari bafite icyo gihe byari umuzuko, ni ukuvuga kongera kubaho hano ku isi.—Yohana 11:23, 24, 38, 39.

23. Ni ikihe gitangaza Yesu yakoze, kandi se byagize izihe ngaruka ku babirebaga?

²³ Yesu yaramubwiye ati “ni jye kuzuka n’ubuzima. Unyizera wese naho yapfa, azongera abe muzima, kandi umuntu wese uriho akaba anyizera ntazigera apfa. Ese ibyo urabyizeye” (Yohana 11:25, 26)? Kugira ngo Yesu agaragaze ko ibyo yavugaga ari ukuri, yagiye ku buvumo bari barahambyemo Lazaro, maze aramuhamagara, asohoka ari muzima, bashiki be Mariya na Marita ndetse n’abaturanyi babo babireba. Iyo nkuru ikomeza igira iti “nuko Abayahudi benshi bari baje kwa Mariya babonye ibyo Yesu akoze baramwizera . . . Ya mbaga y’abantu bari kumwe na we igihe yahamagaraga Lazaro akava mu mva, akamuzura mu bapfuye, bakomeza guhamya ibye” (Yohana 11:45; 12:17). Bari bariboneye icyo gitangaza, kandi barizeye bakajya batanga ubuhamya ko cyari cyarabayeho koko. Abanyamadini barwanyaga Yesu na bo bagomba kuba baremeraga ko ibyo bintu byabayeho, kuko inkuru yanditswe itubwira ko abakuru b’abatambyi n’Abafarisayo bacuze umugambi wo kwica Yesu kubera ko ‘yakoraga ibimenyetso byinshi.’—Yohana 11:30-53.

24. (a) Lazaro yari he mu minsi ine? (b) Ni iki Bibiliya ivuga ku birebana no kudapfa?

²⁴ Lazaro yari yagiye he mu minsi ine yamaze yarapfuye? Nta ho. Nta cyo yari azi, yari asinziririye mu mva ategereje umuzuko. Yesu yamuzuye mu bapfuye mu buryo bw’igitangaza. Ariko dukurikije inkuru ya Yohana, nta kintu na kimwe Lazaro yavuze kigaragaza ko muri iyo minsi ine yaba yari mu ijuru, ikuzimu cyangwa muri purugatori. Kuki nta cyo yigeze abivugaho? Byatewe gusa n’uko atari afite ubugingo budapfa bwashoboraga kujya ahantu nk’aho.d—Yobu 36:14; Ezekiyeli 18:4.

25. (a) Iyo Bibiliya ivuga ubuzima bw’iteka iba ishaka kuvuga iki? (b) Kuza k’Ubwami bw’Imana bwasezeranyijwe bishingiye ku ki?

²⁵ Bityo rero, iyo Yesu yavugaga ubuzima bw’iteka, yabaga avuga ubuzima abazategekana na we mu Bwami bwe bazagira mu ijuru barahindutse ibiremwa by’umwuka bidapfa, cyangwa akaba avuga ubuzima bw’iteka abantu bazagira mu isi izaba yahindutse paradizo itegekwa n’ubwo Bwamie (Luka 23:43; Yohana 17:3). Dukurikije isezerano ry’Imana, igihe izaba ibana mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo n’abantu bumvira ku isi, isi izabona imigisha myinshi. Birumvikana ariko ko ibyo byose byashoboka ari uko gusa Yesu yaba yaroherejwe n’Imana koko kandi ikaba imwemera.—Luka 22:28-30; Tito 1:1, 2; Ibyahishuwe 21:1-4.

Kwemerwa n’Imana birashoboka, si umugani

26. Ni ikihe kintu gitangaje cyabaye abigishwa Petero, Yakobo na Yohana bareba?

²⁶ Tubwirwa n’iki ko Imana yemeraga Yesu? Mbere na mbere, igihe Yesu yabatizwaga, ijwi ryavugiye mu ijuru riti “uyu ni Umwana wanjye nkunda, nkamwemera” (Matayo 3:17). Nyuma yaho, Imana yahamirije imbere y’abandi bahamya ko imwemera. Icyo gihe, abigishwa Petero, Yakobo na Yohana, bari barahoze ari abarobyi bakomokaga i Galilaya, bari bajyanye na Yesu ku musozi muremure (ushobora kuba ari Umusozi Herumoni, wari ufite ubutumburuke bwa metero 2.814). Hari ikintu gitangaje cyabereye kuri uwo musozi babyirebera: “nuko [Yesu] ahindurira isura imbere yabo, maze mu maso he haka nk’izuba, n’imyenda ye irabagirana nk’umucyo. Bagiye kubona babona Mose na Eliya barimo baganira na we. . . . Haba haje igicu cyererana kirabakingiriza, maze ijwi rivugira muri icyo gicu riti ‘uyu ni Umwana wanjye nkunda nkamwemera; mumwumvire.’ Abigishwa babyumvise bagwa bubamye, kandi bagira ubwoba bwinshi cyane.”—Matayo 17:1-6; Luka 9:28-36.

27. (a) Guhindura isura kwa Yesu kwagize izihe ngaruka ku bigishwa be? (b) Tubwirwa n’iki ko Yesu atari umuntu wo mu migani y’imihimbano?

²⁷ Iyo gihamya yumvikana kandi igaragara yaturutse ku Mana yakomeje cyane ukwizera kwa Petero, kuko nyuma yaho yanditse ati “igihe twabamenyeshaga imbaraga z’Umwami wacu Yesu Kristo no kuhaba kwe, ntitwakurikije imigani y’ibinyoma yahimbanywe amayeri [mu kigiriki: myʹthois bisobanura imigani y’imihimbano], ahubwo twabibamenyesheje dushingiye ku kuba turi abagabo biboneye ikuzo rye. Imana, ari na yo Se, yamuhaye icyubahiro n’ikuzo, igihe ifite ikuzo rihebuje yamubwiraga aya magambo ngo ‘uyu ni Umwana wanjye nkunda nkamwemera.’ Koko rero, ayo magambo twayumvise aturutse mu ijuru igihe twari kumwe na we kuri wa musozi wera” (2 Petero 1:16-18). Abigishwa b’Abayahudi Petero, Yakobo na Yohana biboneye icyo gitangaza cyo guhindura isura kwa Yesu kandi biyumvira ijwi ry’Imana rivugira mu ijuru ko imwemera. Ukwizera kwabo kwari gushingiye ku bintu by’ukuri bari bariboneye kandi bumvise, ntikwari gushingiye ku migani y’imihimbano cyangwa “imigani y’Abayahudi.” (Reba agasanduku kari ku ipaji ya 237.)—Matayo 17:9; Tito 1:13, 14.f

Urupfu rwa Yesu n’ikindi gitangaza

28. Yesu yashinjwe ate ibinyoma mu mwaka wa 33?

²⁸ Mu mwaka wa 33, Yesu yarafashwe maze aburanishwa n’abayobozi b’idini ry’Abayahudi, ashinjwa ibinyoma ko yatutse Imana yiyita Umwana wayo (Matayo 26:3, 4, 59-67). Kubera ko uko bigaragara abo Bayahudi bifuzaga ko abategetsi b’Abaroma bamwica, bamwohereje kwa Pilato bongera kumushinja ibinyoma ko yabuzaga abantu kwishyura imisoro ya Kayisari, kandi akavuga ko na we ubwe yari umwami.—Mariko 12:14-17; Luka 23:1-11; Yohana 18:28-31.

29. Yesu yapfuye ate?

²⁹ Yesu yavanywe ku muyobozi umwe ajyanwa ku wundi, kandi rubanda bari bashyuhijwe imitwe n’abayobozi b’idini bakomezaga gusakuza basaba ko apfa, bituma guverineri w’Umuroma Pontiyo Pilato ahitamo inzira imworoheye, acira Yesu urwo gupfa. Ibyo byatumye Yesu yicwa urupfu rukojeje isoni amanitswe ku giti, hanyuma umurambo we ushyirwa mu mva. Ariko mu minsi itatu habaye ikintu cyahinduye abigishwa ba Yesu bari bishwe n’agahinda, baba ababwirizabutumwa bishimye kandi barangwa n’ishyaka.—Yohana 19:16-22; Abagalatiya 3:13.

30. Ni izihe ngamba abayobozi b’idini bafashe kugira ngo hatabaho uburiganya?

³⁰ Kubera ko abo bayobozi b’idini batekerezaga ko abigishwa ba Yesu bashoboraga gukoresha uburiganya, bagiye kwa Pilato baramubwira bati “‘Nyagasani, twibutse ko wa munyabinyoma akiriho yavuze ati “nyuma y’iminsi itatu nzazuka.” None tegeka ko imva irindwa kugeza ku munsi wa gatatu, kugira ngo abigishwa be bataza kumwiba maze bakabwira abantu bati “yazuwe mu bapfuye!” Kandi icyo kinyoma cya nyuma cyaba kibi kuruta icya mbere.’ Pilato arababwira ati ‘dore ngabo abarinzi. Nimugende muyirinde uko mubyumva.’ Nuko baragenda barinda imva, bashyiraho ibuye bararumanya kandi bashyiraho n’abarinzi” (Matayo 27:62-66). Ese izo ngamba zo kuyirinda hari icyo zagezeho?

31. Byagenze bite igihe abagore b’indahemuka bajyaga ku mva ya Yesu?

³¹ Ku munsi wa gatatu nyuma y’urupfu rwa Yesu, abagore batatu bagiye ku mva gusiga umurambo amavuta ahumura neza. Basanze byifashe bite? “Mu gitondo cya kare ku munsi wa mbere w’icyumweru, baza ku mva izuba rirashe. Barabwiranaga bati ‘ni nde uri buhirike ibuye akarituvanira ku munwa w’imva?’ Ariko barebye babona rya buye ryavuyeho, nubwo ryari rinini cyane. Binjiye mu mva babona umusore wicaye iburyo yambaye ikanzu y’umweru, maze baratangara. Arababwira ati ‘mwitangara. Murashaka Yesu w’i Nazareti wamanitswe. Yazutse, ntari hano. Dore n’aho bari bamushyize! Ariko nimugende mubwire abigishwa be na Petero muti “agiye kubabanziriza i Galilaya, aho ni ho muzamubonera nk’uko yabibabwiye”’” (Mariko 16:1-7; Luka 24:1-12). Nubwo abayobozi b’idini bari bashyizeho abarinzi bo kurinda imva ya Yesu mu buryo bwihariye, Se yaramuzuye. Ese ibyo ni imigani y’imihimbano cyangwa ni ibintu byabayeho mu mateka?

32. Ni izihe mpamvu zikomeye zatumye Pawulo yizera ko Yesu yari yarazuwe?

³² Hashize imyaka igera kuri 22 ibyo bibaye, Pawulo wari warahoze atoteza Abakristo, yanditse asobanura impamvu yizeraga ko Yesu yari yarazuwe avuga ati “nabagejejeho ibintu by’ingenzi, ari byo nanjye nahawe, ko Kristo yapfiriye ibyaha byacu mu buryo buhuje n’Ibyanditswe, ko yahambwe akazurwa ku munsi wa gatatu mu buryo buhuje n’Ibyanditswe, kandi ko yabonekeye Kefa, hanyuma akabonekera ba bandi cumi na babiri. Hanyuma y’ibyo yabonekeye abavandimwe basaga magana atanu icyarimwe, abenshi muri bo bakaba bakiriho na n’ubu, ariko abandi basinziriye mu rupfu. Nyuma y’ibyo yabonekeye Yakobo, hanyuma abonekera intumwa zose” (1 Abakorinto 15:3-7). Koko rero, Pawulo yari afite impamvu zifatika zo gushyira ubuzima bwe mu kaga ku bwa Yesu wazuwe, kandi hari n’abahamya bagera kuri 500 biboneye Yesu wazuwe (Abaroma 1:1-4)! Pawulo yari azi ko Yesu yazuwe, kandi yari afite impamvu ikomeye kurushaho yo kubivuga, kuko yaje gutanga ibisobanuro birambuye avuga ati “ariko nyuma ya bose nanjye ambonekera nk’uwavutse igihe kitageze.”—1 Abakorinto 15:8, 9; Ibyakozwe 9:1-19.

33. Kuki Abakristo ba mbere bari biteguye gupfa bazira ukwizera kwabo?

³³ Abakristo ba mbere bari biteguye gupfira mu bibuga by’imikino by’Abaroma bazira ukwizera kwabo. Babiterwaga n’iki? Babiterwaga n’uko bari bazi ko ukwizera kwabo kwari gushingiye ku bintu by’ukuri byabayeho mu mateka, kutari gushingiye ku migani y’imihimbano. Byari ukuri koko, Yesu yari Kristo cyangwa Mesiya wari warasezeranyijwe mu buhanuzi kandi yari yaratumwe n’Imana; yaramwemeraga, yari yarapfiriye ku giti ari Umwana w’Imana wakomeje kuba indahemuka, kandi yazuwe mu bapfuye.—1 Petero 1:3, 4.

34. Dukurikije ibyo intumwa Pawulo yavuze, kuki umuzuko wa Yesu ari ingenzi cyane ku kwizera kw’Abakristo?

³⁴ Turakugira inama yo gusoma igice cya 15 cyose cy’urwandiko rwa mbere Pawulo yandikiye Abakorinto, kugira ngo usobanukirwe ibyo Pawulo yizeraga ku byerekeye umuzuko n’impamvu ari uw’ingenzi ku kwizera kw’Abakristo. Igitekerezo gikubiye mu butumwa bwe kigaragazwa muri aya magambo: “ariko noneho, Kristo yazuwe mu bapfuye aba umuganura w’abasinziriye mu rupfu. Nk’uko urupfu rwaje binyuze ku muntu umwe [Adamu], ni na ko umuzuko w’abapfuye uzabaho binyuze ku muntu umwe. Nk’uko muri Adamu abantu bose bapfa, ni na ko abantu bose bazaba bazima muri Kristo.”—1 Abakorinto 15:20-22.

35. Ni iyihe migisha Imana yasezeranyije izagera ku isi no ku bantu (Yesaya 65:17-25)?

³⁵ Bityo, umuzuko wa Kristo Yesu amaherezo uzatuma abantu bose bungukirwa.g Nanone kandi, watumye Yesu abona uburyo bwo kuzasohoza ubundi buhanuzi bwose bwerekeye Mesiya. Vuba aha ubutegetsi bwe bukiranuka bwo mu ijuru buzagera no ku isi izaba yejejwe. Hazakurikiraho ibyo Bibiliya yita “ijuru rishya n’isi nshya,” kandi Imana “izahanagura amarira yose ku maso yabo, kandi urupfu ntiruzabaho ukundi, kandi kuboroga cyangwa gutaka cyangwa kubabara ntibizabaho ukundi. Ibya kera byavuyeho.”—Ibyahishuwe 21:1-4.

Ubuhakanyi n’ibitotezo byari byitezwe

36. Ni iki cyabaye kuri Pentekote yo mu mwaka wa 33, kandi se ingaruka zabaye izihe?

³⁶ Hashize igihe gito nyuma y’urupfu rwa Yesu no kuzuka kwe, habaye ikindi gitangaza cyatumye abo Bakristo ba mbere bagira imbaraga n’ishyaka byo kubwiriza. Ku munsi wa Pentekote yo mu mwaka wa 33, Imana yo mu ijuru yasutse umwuka wera, cyangwa imbaraga zayo, ku Bakristo bagera ku 120 bari bakoraniye i Yerusalemu. Ingaruka zabaye izihe? ‘Babonye indimi zimeze nk’iz’umuriro, maze zirigabanya, ururimi rujya ku muntu wese muri bo, bose buzuzwa umwuka wera, batangira kuvuga izindi ndimi nk’uko umwuka wari ubahaye kuzivuga’ (Ibyakozwe 2:3, 4). Abayahudi bavugaga indimi z’amahanga bari i Yerusalemu muri icyo gihe, batangajwe no kumva abo Bayahudi b’Abanyagalilaya babonwaga nk’abantu batize bavuga mu ndimi z’amahanga. Ibyo byatumye benshi bizera. Igihe abo Bayahudi bizeye basubiraga iwabo, ubutumwa bwa gikristo bwakwirakwiriye nk’umuriro ugeze mu ishyamba.—Ibyakozwe 2:5-21.

37. Abayobozi b’Abaroma bakiriye bate idini rishya ry’Abakristo?

³⁷ Ariko bidatinze ibintu byarahindutse. Abaroma batangiye kwishisha iryo dini rishya babonaga ko ritemera Imana kuko ritari rifite ibigirwamana. Umwami w’Abami Nero ni we watangije ibitotezo bikaze byibasiye Abakristo mu binyejana bitatu bya mbere nyuma ya Yesu.h Abakristo benshi bicirwaga mu mazu y’imikino kugira ngo bishimishe abami b’abami babaga bafite inyota yo kumena amaraso no kubona abantu bababara, hamwe n’abantu babaga baje kureba uko imfungwa zishumurizwa inyamaswa z’inkazi.

38. Ni iyihe mimerere yari yarahanuwe yari guhungabanya itorero rya mbere rya gikristo?

³⁸ Ikindi kintu giteye inkeke cyabayeho muri iyo minsi ya mbere ni icyari cyarahanuwe n’intumwa. Urugero, Petero yaravuze ati “icyakora, nk’uko mu Bisirayeli hadutse abahanuzi b’ibinyoma, ni ko no muri mwe hazaba abigisha b’ibinyoma. Abo bigisha b’ibinyoma bazazana rwihishwa udutsiko tw’amadini dutera kurimbuka, ndetse bazihakana shebuja wabaguze, bikururire kurimbuka kwihuse” (2 Petero 2:1-3). Ibyo byari ubuhakanyi. Ni ukuvuga ko abantu bari gutandukira ugusenga k’ukuri, bagateshuka bakayoboka imigenzo y’amadini y’Abaroma, yari yiganjemo filozofiya y’Abagiriki. Ariko se ubwo buhakanyi bwatangiye bute? Igice gikurikira kizasubiza icyo kibazo hamwe n’ibindi bifitanye isano na cyo.—Ibyakozwe 20:30; 2 Timoteyo 2:16-18; 2 Abatesalonike 2:3.

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

[Agasanduku/​Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 237]

Ese Yesu ni umuntu uvugwa mu migani?

Umuhanga mu by’amateka witwaga Will Durant yarabajije ati “ese amateka y’uwatangije Ubukristo yaba yaraturutse mu gahinda k’abantu, mu bitekerezo cyangwa mu byiringiro byabo; akaba ari umuntu wo mu migani twagereranya na ba Kirishina, Osirisi, Atisi, Adonisi, Diyoniziyo na Mitarasi?” Yashubije avuga ko mu kinyejana cya mbere, “abanyamahanga bangaga urunuka Ubukristo bwari bukimara kuvuka cyangwa Abayahudi baburwanyaga” batigeze bahakana ko Kristo yabayeho.—The Story of Civilization: Part III—Caesar and Christ.

Umuhanga mu by’amateka w’Umuroma witwaga Suétone (ah. 69-140 N.Y.), yavuze ibyerekeye umwami w’abami Kalawudiyo agira ati “kubera ko Abayahudi b’i Roma bahoraga bateza imyivumbagatanyo idashira babitewe na Chrestus [Kristo], yabirukanye mu mugi” (The Twelve Caesars). Ibyo byabaye ahagana mu mwaka wa 50 N.Y. (Gereranya n’Ibyakozwe 18:1, 2.) Zirikana ko Suétone atigeze ashidikanya na busa ko Kristo yabayeho. Nubwo Abakristo ba mbere bari bahanganye n’ibitotezo byashyiraga ubuzima bwabo mu kaga, batangazaga ibyerekeye ukwizera kwabo bafite ishyaka ryinshi, bitewe n’uko kwari gushingiye ku bintu by’ukuri byabayeho. Nta kuntu rwose bari kwemera gushyira ubuzima bwabo mu kaga hejuru y’umuntu utarabayeho uvugwa mu migani y’imihimbano. Urupfu rwa Yesu no kuzuka kwe byari byarabayeho mu gihe cyabo, kandi bamwe muri bo bari barabyiboneye.

Umuhanga mu by’amateka Durant yatanze umwanzuro avuga ati “kuvuga ko abantu bake boroheje babayeho mu gihe kimwe bahimbye umuntu ukomeye cyane kandi wireherezaho abantu, bagahimba amahame yo mu rwego rwo hejuru cyane n’ubuvandimwe bw’abantu, byaba ari igitangaza kigoye kucyiyumvisha kurusha ibitangaza ibyo ari byo byose byanditswe mu Mavanjiri.”

[Ifoto]

Yesu yarabwirije kandi akora ibitangaza muri aka karere ka Galilaya ko muri Palesitina ya kera

[Agasanduku/​Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 241]

Ni nde wanditse Bibiliya?

Bibiliya y’Abakristo igizwe n’ibitabo 39 by’Ibyanditswe by’Igiheburayo benshi bita Isezerano rya Kera (reba agasanduku kari ku ipaji ya 220), n’ibitabo 27 by’Ibyanditswe by’Ikigiriki bya Gikristo, bakunze kwita Isezerano Rishya.i Bityo, Bibiliya ni nk’ububiko bw’ibitabo buto burimo ibitabo 66 byanditswe n’abantu bagera kuri 40 mu gihe cy’imyaka 1.600 (guhera mu mwaka wa 1513 M.Y. kugeza mu wa 98 N.Y.).

Ibyanditswe by’Ikigiriki birimo Amavanjiri ane, ni ukuvuga inkuru zivuga iby’ubuzima bwa Yesu n’ubutumwa bwiza yabwirizaga. Abiri muri ayo yanditswe n’abigishwa ba Kristo babanaga na we, ari bo Matayo wari umukoresha w’ikoro, na Yohana wari umurobyi. Andi abiri yanditswe n’abizeye ba mbere ari bo Mariko na Luka wari umuganga (Abakolosayi 4:14). Ayo Mavanjiri akurikirwa n’igitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’intumwa cyanditswe na Luka, kirimo inkuru y’ibyo abamisiyonari ba mbere b’Abakristo bakoze. Hakurikiraho inzandiko 14 intumwa Pawulo yandikiye Abakristo batandukanye n’amatorero, hagakurikiraho inzandiko zanditswe na Yakobo, Petero, Yohana na Yuda. Igitabo cya nyuma ni icy’Ibyahishuwe cyanditswe na Yohana.

Kuba abantu benshi bene ako kageni, bakuriye mu mimerere itandukanye kandi babayeho mu bihe bitandukanye no mu mico itandukanye ariko ibyo banditse bikaba bihuza, ni gihamya ikomeye y’uko Bibiliya atari igitabo cyaturutse mu bwenge bw’abantu ahubwo ko yahumetswe n’Imana. Bibiliya igira iti “Ibyanditswe byera byose byahumetswe n’Imana, kandi bifite akamaro ko kwigisha.” Bityo, Bibiliya yanditswe binyuze ku mwuka wera w’Imana, ari zo mbaraga ikoresha.—2 Timoteyo 3:16, 17.

[Ifoto]

Iyi nyandiko ituzuye y’Abaroma ikoresha izina rya Pontiyo Pilato mu kilatini (ku murongo wa kabiri, “IVS PILATVS”) yemeza ko yari umuntu ukomeye muri Palesitina nk’uko Bibiliya ibivuga

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

[Agasanduku ko ku ipaji ya 245]

Mesiya mu buhanuzi bwa Bibiliya

Ubuhanuzi Ibintu byabayeho Uko bwasohoye

Mika 5:2 Yavukiye i Betelehemu Luka 2:4-11; Yoh 7:42

Hos 11:1 Yarahamagawe ngo ave muri Egiputa Mat 2:15

Yes 61:1, 2 Yahawe inshingano Luka 4:18-21

Yes 53:4 Yishyizeho indwara zacu Mat 8:16, 17

Yes 53:8 Yaciriwe urubanza, arakatirwa Mat 26:57-68; 27:1, 2, 11-26

Zab 22:1 Yatereranywe n’Imana Mat 27:46; Mar 15:34

[Amagambo yatsindagirijwe yo ku ipaji ya 258]

Yesu n’izina ry’Imana

Igihe Yesu yigishaga abigishwa be gusenga yarababwiye ati “ku bw’ibyo rero, mujye musenga mutya muti ‘Data uri mu ijuru, izina ryawe niryezwe. Ubwami bwawe nibuze. Ibyo ushaka bikorwe mu isi nk’uko bikorwa mu ijuru.’” —Matayo 6:9, 10.

Yesu yari azi ko izina rya Se rifite agaciro kenshi kandi yarakagaragaje. Ni yo mpamvu yabwiye abanyedini bamwangaga ati “naje mu izina rya Data ntimwanyakira, ariko iyo hagira undi uza mu izina rye bwite, uwo muba mwaramwakiriye. . . . Narababwiye nyamara ntimwizera. Imirimo nkora mu izina rya Data ni yo impamya.”—Yohana 5:43; 10:25; Mariko 12:29, 30.

Yesu yabwiye Se mu isengesho ati “‘Data, ubahisha izina ryawe.’ Nuko mu ijuru humvikanira ijwi rigira riti “nararyubahishije, kandi nzongera ndyubahishe.’”

Nyuma yaho Yesu yarasenze ati “abantu wampaye ubakuye mu isi nabamenyesheje izina ryawe. Bari abawe maze urabampa, kandi bubahirije ijambo ryawe. Nabamenyesheje izina ryawe, kandi nzarimenyekanisha, kugira ngo urukundo wankunze rube muri bo, nanjye nunge ubumwe na bo.”—Yohana 12:28; 17:6, 26.

Kubera ko Yesu yari Umuyahudi, yagombaga kuvuganira izina rya Se, ari ryo Yehova cyangwa Yahweh, kuko yari azi ko Ibyanditswe bivuga biti “Yehova aravuga ati ‘muri abahamya banjye; ndetse muri umugaragu wanjye natoranyije kugira ngo mumenye, munyizere, kandi musobanukirwe ko mpora ndi wa wundi. Mbere yanjye nta yindi mana yigeze kubaho, kandi na nyuma yanjye nta yindi izigera ibaho.’ . . . Yehova aravuga ati ‘ni yo mpamvu muri abahamya banjye, nanjye nkaba Imana.’”—Yesaya 43:10, 12.

Bityo rero, Abayahudi bose mu rwego rw’ishyanga bari baratoranyirijwe kuba abahamya ba Yehova. Kubera ko Yesu yari Umuyahudi, na we yari umuhamya wa Yehova.—Ibyahishuwe 3:14.

Uko bigaragara, mu kinyejana cya mbere Abayahudi benshi ntibari bakivuga izina ry’Imana bahishuriwe. Icyakora, hari inyandiko zandikishijwe intoki zigaragaza ko Abakristo ba mbere bakoreshaga ubuhinduzi bw’ikigiriki bwa Septante bw’Ibyanditswe by’Igiheburayo, bashobora kuba barabonaga inyuguti enye z’igiheburayo zigaragaza izina ry’Imana zakoreshejwe mu mwandiko w’ikigiriki. Nk’uko umwarimu wo muri kaminuza wigisha iyobokamana n’igiheburayo witwa George Howard abivuga, “kiliziya y’Isezerano Rishya yakoreshaga Septante kandi igasubiramo amagambo yayo; bityo iyo Septante yabaga irimo inyuguti z’igiheburayo zigaragaza izina ry’Imana, nta gushidikanya ko abanditsi b’Isezerano Rishya basubiragamo izo nyuguti z’igiheburayo mu byo bandikaga. Ariko nyuma yaho igihe inyuguti z’igiheburayo zigaragaza izina ry’Imana zakurwaga muri Septante zigasimbuzwa amazina y’icyubahiro y’ikigiriki, iryo zina na ryo ryavanywe mu mirongo yo mu Isezerano Rishya yasubiwemo ivanywe muri Septante.”

Ni yo mpamvu Howard avuga ko Abakristo bo mu kinyejana cya mbere bagomba kuba bari basobanukiwe neza imirongo yo muri Bibiliya, urugero nka Matayo 22:44, aho Yesu yasubiriyemo abanzi be amagambo yo mu Byanditswe by’igiheburayo. Howard yaravuze ati “abayoboke ba kiliziya yo mu kinyejana cya mbere bashobora kuba barasomaga ngo ‘YHWH yabwiye Umwami wanjye’” aho gukoresha umwandiko wo hanyuma wavugaga ngo “‘Umwami yabwiye Umwami wanjye,’ . . . uwo mwandiko ukaba utumvikana kandi udasobanutse.”—Zaburi 110:1.

Ikigaragaza ko Yesu yakoreshaga izina ry’Imana, ni ibirego Abayahudi bamushinje hashize ibinyejana byinshi nyuma y’urupfu rwe, bavuga ko icyatumye ashobora gukora ibitangaza ari “uko gusa yari yarigize umuhanga mu gukoresha izina ry’Imana ry’‘ibanga.’”—The Book of Jewish Knowledge.

Nta gushidikanya ko Yesu yari azi izina ryihariye ry’Imana. Kandi yakoreshaga rwose iryo zina nubwo imigenzo y’Abayahudi bo muri icyo gihe yabibuzaga. Ntiyigeze yemera ko imigenzo y’abantu ihindura ubusa itegeko ry’Imana.—Mariko 7:9-13; Yohana 1:1-3, 18; Abakolosayi 1:15, 16.

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Igice cy’urupapuro rukozwe mu rufunzo (rwo mu kinyejana cya mbere M.Y.) kigaragaza izina ry’Imana ry’igiheburayo mu mwandiko w’ikigiriki wa Septante

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Yesu yakoresheje ingero nyinshi mu nyigisho ze: kubiba imbuto, gusarura, kuroba, isaro, imikumbi, uruzabibu n’izindi nyinshi (Matayo 13:3-47; 25:32)

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Yesu yakoze ibitangaza byinshi abihawe n’imbaraga z’Imana, hakubiyemo gucubya umuyaga

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Inyuguti enye, YHWH (Yehova)

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Inkuru ivuga ukuntu Lazaro yazuwe ntivuga ko yari afite ubugingo budapfa, nta nubwo yumvikanisha icyo gitekerezo

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Petero, Yakobo na Yohana bari bazi ko Imana yemeraga Yesu. Kuri bo ntibyari imigani y’imihimbano kuko bari barabyiboneye kandi barabyumva igihe Yesu yahinduraga isura