Mbese inkuru ya Nowa idufitiye akamaro?

IGIHE Yesu yahanuraga ikimenyetso cyo kuhaba kwe n’icy’iherezo ry’iyi si, yagize ati “uko iminsi ya Nowa yari iri, no kuza k’Umwana w’umuntu ni ko kuzaba” (Matayo 24:3, 37). Ibyo rero bigaragaza neza ko ibyo Yesu yahanuye biriho muri iki gihe turimo bifite aho bihuriye n’ibyabayeho mu gihe cya Nowa. Ku bw’ibyo rero, inkuru y’ukuri kandi yiringirwa y’ibyabayeho mu gihe cya Nowa ishobora kutubera ingirakamaro rwose.

Ariko se, inkuru ya Nowa yaba idufitiye akamaro koko? Haba se hari ibihamya bigaragaza ko iyo nkuru yabayeho koko? Mbese, dushobora kumenya igihe nyacyo Umwuzure wabereye?

Umwuzure wabaye ryari?

Bibiliya ibara inkuru itanga n’amatariki zabereyeho, ku buryo dushobora kongera kubara imyaka tukamenya igihe amateka y’abantu yatangiriye. Mu Itangiriro 5:1-29, tuhasanga ibisekuru by’abantu, uhereye igihe umuntu wa mbere, ari we Adamu, yaremwaga kugeza ku ivuka rya Nowa. Umwuzure watangiye “mu mwaka wa magana atandatu w’ubukuru bwa Nowa.”—Itangiriro 7:11.

Kugira ngo tumenye igihe Umwuzure watangiriye, tugomba guhera ku itariki runaka y’ingenzi izwi mu mateka y’abantu. Ni ukuvuga rero ko tugomba guhera ku itariki abize iby’amateka bemera kandi ikaba ihuje n’ikintu kivugwa muri Bibiliya. Aho ni ho dushobora guhera tubara imyaka, noneho tukaza kumenya igihe Umwuzure wabereye, dukurikije kalendari iyi dukoresha.

Imwe mu matariki y’ingenzi azwi mu mateka ni umwaka wa 539 M.I.C.a Muri uwo mwaka, Kuro Umwami w’u Buperesi yahiritse Babuloni. Mu nyandiko zitari iza Bibiliya zanditswe ku ngoma ye hakubiyemo inyandiko z’Abanyababuloni zo ku mabuye n’inyandiko za Diyodore, Afurikanusi, Eusèbe na Ptolémée. Itegeko ryatanzwe na Kuro ryatumye Abayahudi bake bari basigaye bava i Babuloni basubira mu gihugu cyabo kavukire, baza kugerayo mu mwaka wa 537 M.I.C. Icyo gihe, ni bwo ya myaka 70 u Buyuda bwagombaga kumara ari umusaka yari irangiye, kandi dukurikije ibyo Bibiliya ivuga, yari yaratangiye mu mwaka wa 607 M.I.C. Iyo twongeyeho igihe abacamanza n’abami b’Abisirayeli bamaze bategeka, dusanga Abisirayeli baravuye mu Misiri mu mwaka wa 1513 M.I.C. Nanone dukurikije ukuntu Bibiliya ikurikiranya ibintu, tugomba gusubira inyuma ho imyaka 430; tukagera mu mwaka wa 1943 M.I.C., ubwo Imana yagiranaga isezerano na Aburahamu. Tugomba nanone kongeraho imyaka y’uburame bwa Tera, Nahori, Serugi, Rewu, Pelegi, Eberi na Shela hamwe na Arupakisadi, wavutse “mu mwaka wa kabiri wa mwuzure ushize” (Itangiriro 11:10-32). Ku bw’ibyo, dushobora kuvuga ko Umwuzure watangiye mu mwaka wa 2370 M.I.C.b

Imvura itangira kugwa

Mbere y’uko dutangira kugenzura ibyabaye mu gihe cya Nowa, byaba byiza ubanje gusoma mu Itangiriro, igice cya 7 umurongo wa 11 kugeza mu gice cya 8 umurongo wa 4. Dore icyo Bibiliya ivuga ku mvura yaguye icyo gihe: “mu mwaka wa magana atandatu w’ubukuru bwa Nowa [mu mwaka wa 2370 M.I.C.], mu kwezi kwa kabiri, ku munsi wako wa cumi n’irindwi, amasōko y’ikuzimu yose arazibuka, imigomero yo mu ijuru yose iragomororwa.”—Itangiriro 7:11.

Umwaka wo mu gihe cya Nowa wabaga ugizwe n’amezi 12 y’iminsi 30 buri kwezi. Icyo gihe, ukwezi kwa mbere kwatangiraga mu kwezi kwa Nzeri rwagati, dukurikije kalendari dukoresha ubu. Imvura yatangiye kugwa “mu kwezi kwa kabiri, ku munsi wako wa cumi n’irindwi,” igwa iminsi 40 n’amajoro 40; ubwo ni ukuvuga ko yaguye mu mezi y’Ugushyingo n’Ukuboza 2370 M.I.C.

Ku birebana n’uwo Mwuzure, nanone Bibiliya igira iti “amazi amara iminsi ijana na mirongo itanu agikwiriye cyane mu isi. . . . Amazi asubirayo, ava ku butaka ubudasiba, ya minsi ijana na mirongo itanu ishize, amazi aragabanuka. Mu kwezi kwa karindwi, ku munsi wako wa cumi n’irindwi, ya nkuge ihagarara ku misozi ya Ararati” (Itangiriro 7:24–8:4). Ubwo rero, guhera igihe amazi yuzuriye ku isi hose kugeza igihe yakamiye, hahise iminsi 150, cyangwa se amezi atanu. Hanyuma, inkuge yaje guhagarara ku misozi ya Ararati muri Werurwe 2369 M.I.C.

Ngaho noneho soma mu Itangiriro 8:5-17. Impinga z’imisozi zatangiye kugaragara hashize hafi amezi abiri n’igice (iminsi 73), ni ukuvuga “mu kwezi kwa cumi [Kamena] ku munsi wako wa mbere” (Itangiriro 8:5).c Nyuma y’amezi atatu (iminsi 90), ni ukuvuga mu “mu mwaka wa magana atandatu n’umwe [wo kubaho kwa Nowa], mu kwezi kwa mbere, ku munsi wako wa mbere”; dukurikije kalendari yacu hakaba hari muri Nzeri rwagati 2369 M.I.C., ni bwo Nowa yakinguye inkuge. Ni bwo noneho yashoboye kubona ko “ubutaka bwumye” (Itangiriro 8:13). Hashize ukwezi n’iminsi 27 (yose hamwe ikaba ari iminsi 57), ni ukuvuga “mu kwezi kwa kabiri, ku munsi wako wa makumyabiri n’irindwi [mu Gushyingo rwagati, umwaka wa 2369 M.I.C.],” ni bwo isi yari imaze kumuka neza. Nowa n’umuryango we babona gusohoka mu nkuge, bagendera ku butaka bwumutse. Ni ukuvuga rero ko Nowa n’umuryango we bamaze mu nkuge umwaka wose n’iminsi icumi (iminsi 370).—Itangiriro 8:14.

Izo nkuru z’ukuri zivuga buri kantu kose, zikavuga igihe n’amatariki ibintu byabereye zigaragaza iki? Zigaragaza rwose ko Mose, umuhanuzi w’Umuheburayo, uko bigaragara wanditse igitabo cy’Itangiriro ahereye ku bintu yabwiwe, yanditse ibintu byabayeho koko; nta bwo ari umugani w’umuhimbano utereye aho. Ni yo mpamvu inkuru y’Umwuzure idufitiye akamaro kanini muri iki gihe.

Abandi banditsi ba Bibiliya babonaga bate inkuru y’Umwuzure?

Uretse mu gitabo cy’Itangiriro, hari ahandi hantu henshi muri Bibiliya havuga kuri Nowa cyangwa ku Mwuzure. Dore ingero:

(1) Umushakashatsi Ezira yashyize Nowa n’abahungu be (ari bo Shemu, Hamu na Yafeti) ku rutonde rw’abasekuruza b’ishyanga rya Isirayeli.—1 Ngoma 1:4-17.

(2) Luka, wari umuvuzi akaba n’umwanditsi w’Ivanjili, yashyize Nowa mu basekuruza ba Yesu Kristo.—Luka 3:36.

(3) Intumwa Petero yagiye agaruka kenshi ku nkuru y’Umwuzure igihe yandikiraga Abakristo bagenzi be.—2 Petero 2:5; 3:5, 6.

(4) Intumwa Pawulo avuga ku kwizera gukomeye Nowa yagaragaje igihe yubakaga inkuge yatumye we n’umuryango we barokoka.—Abaheburayo 11:7.

Mbese, hari uwashidikanya avuga ko abo banditsi ba Bibiliya bahumekewe batemeraga inkuru y’Umwuzure iboneka mu gitabo cy’Itangiriro? Nta gushidikanya rwose ko babonaga ko iyo ari inkuru nyakuri yabayeho mu mateka.

Uko Yesu yafataga inkuru y’Umwuzure

Mbere y’uko Yesu Kristo aza hano ku isi, yabanje kuba mu ijuru (Imigani 8:30, 31). Igihe Umwuzure wabaga, yari mu ijuru ari ikiremwa cyo mu buryo bw’umwuka. Ku bw’ibyo rero, kubera ko Yesu yabyiboneye n’amaso ye, ni we uduha igihamya kidakuka gishingiye ku Byanditswe cy’uko inkuru ivuga ibya Nowa n’Umwuzure ari ukuri. Yesu yagize ati “uko iminsi ya Nowa yari iri, no kuza k’Umwana w’umuntu ni ko kuzaba, kuko nk’uko bari bameze muri iyo minsi yabanjirije umwuzure, bararyaga, baranywaga, bararongoraga, barashyingiraga, bageza umunsi Nowa yinjiriye mu nkuge, ntibabimenya kugeza aho umwuzure waziye ukabatwara bose. Ni ko no kuza k’Umwana w’umuntu kuzaba.”—Matayo 24:37-39.

Mbese, Yesu yashoboraga kwifashisha umugani w’umuhimbano atuburira iby’iherezo ry’iyi si ryegereje? Ntibishoboka rwose! Twiringira tudashidikanya ko inkuru yifashishije ari iy’ibintu byabayeho koko bigaragaza urubanza Imana yaciriye abantu babi. Icyo gihe abantu benshi barahatikiriye; icyakora duhumurizwa no kumenya ko Nowa n’umuryango we barokotse uwo Mwuzure.

“Iminsi ya Nowa” isobanura byinshi kuri twe turiho muri iki gihe cyo “kuza k’Umwana w’umuntu,” ari we Yesu Kristo. Mu gihe dusoma inkuru irambuye ivuga iby’Umwuzure wageze ku isi hose twabwiwe na Nowa, dushobora kwiringira rwose ko ari inkuru nyakuri ivuga ibintu byabayeho mu mateka. Kandi inkuru yahumetswe n’Imana dusanga mu gitabo cy’Itangiriro ivuga iby’Umwuzure, idufitiye akamaro kanini cyane. Nk’uko Nowa n’abahungu be hamwe n’abagore babo biringiye uburyo Imana yateganyije bwo kubarokora, muri iki gihe natwe dushobora kwiringira ko Yehova azaturinda niba twizeye igitambo cy’incungu cya Yesu (Matayo 20:28). Ikindi kandi, dushobora kwiringira ko tuzaba mu bazarokoka iherezo ry’iyi si mbi, nk’uko inkuru ya Nowa igaragaza ko we n’umuryango we barokotse Umwuzure warimbuye isi y’abantu batubahaga Imana bo mu gihe cye.

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

[Agasanduku ko ku ipaji 5]

Ese koko babagaho imyaka ingana ityo?

BIBILIYA igira iti “iminsi yose Nowa yaramye ni imyaka magana urwenda na mirongo itanu, arapfa” (Itangiriro 9:29). Sekuru wa Nowa, ari we Metusela, yabayeho imyaka 969, akaba ari we waramye kurusha abantu bose babayeho. Iyo ukoze mwayeni y’imyaka abantu b’ibisekuru icumi babayeho kuva kuri Adamu kugeza kuri Nowa, usanga baragiye bapfa bafite imyaka isaga 850 (Itangiriro 5:5-31). Ese koko abantu bo muri icyo gihe babagaho imyaka ingana ityo?

Umugambi Imana yari ifite mu mizo ya mbere wari uko abantu babaho iteka ryose. Umuntu wa mbere, ari we Adamu, yari yaremwe ashobora kubaho iteka ryose, iyo akomeza kumvira Imana (Itangiriro 2:15-17). Ikibabaje ariko, Adamu yaje gusuzugura bityo atakaza iyo migisha. Nyuma y’imyaka 930 Adamu yamaze agenda apfa buhoro buhoro, amaherezo yaje gusubira mu mukungugu, ari na wo yari yarakuwemo (Itangiriro 3:19; 5:5). Uwo muntu wa mbere yaraze icyaha n’urupfu abamukomotseho bose.—Abaroma 5:12.

Icyakora ariko, abantu babayeho muri icyo gihe bari hafi y’ubutungane Adamu yari afite mu mizo ya mbere, kandi uko bigaragara iyo ni yo mpamvu baramaga cyane ugereranyije n’abantu baje kubaho imyaka myinshi nyuma y’aho. Ku bw’ibyo, abantu babayeho mbere y’Umwuzure bapfaga bafite hafi imyaka igihumbi, ariko nyuma y’aho, uwo mubare waje kugabanuka cyane. Urugero, Aburahamu yapfuye afite imyaka 175 gusa (Itangiriro 25:7)! Hashize imyaka igera kuri 400 nyuma y’urupfu rw’uwo mukurambere wizerwaga, umuhanuzi Mose yanditse agira ati “iminsi y’imyaka yacu ni imyaka mirongo irindwi, ariko kandi nitugira intege nyinshi ikagera kuri mirongo inani. Nyamara ibyiratwa byayo ni imiruho n’umubabaro” (Zaburi 90:10). Uko ni ko ibintu bimeze no muri iki gihe.

[Imbonerahamwe/Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 6 n’iya 7]

Duhere igihe Kuro yategekeye Abayahudi kuva mu bunyage, dusubire inyuma tugeze igihe cy’Umwuzure wo mu gihe cya Nowa

537 Itegeko rya Kurod

imyaka 68

607 Imyaka 70 u Buyuda bwamaze ari umusaka itangira

1513 Abisirayeli bava muri Egiputa

1943 Imana igirana isezerano na Aburaham

Imyaka 205

2148 Tera avuka

Imyaka 222

2370 Umwuzure utangira

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]