Ushobora kurama igihe kingana iki?

IGIHE Harriet yapfaga mu mwaka wa 2006, yari afite imyaka 175. Icyakora Harriet si umuntu, ahubwo ni akanyamasyo kabaga muri pariki yo muri Ositaraliya. Ugereranyije n’igihe abantu barama, Harriet yaramye imyaka myinshi. Ariko ugereranyije n’ibindi binyabuzima, ako kanyamasyo ntikaramye cyane. Reka dusuzume ingero zimwe na zimwe.

• Abashakashatsi bo muri Finilande bavuze ko hari ubwoko bw’ibinyamushongo byo mu mazi, bishobora kurama imyaka 200.

• Hari ubundi bwoko bw’ibinyamushongo bukunze kurama imyaka isaga 100, kandi ngo hari ibyagiye birama imyaka isaga 400.

• Hari ubwoko bw’ibiti, urugero nk’igiti cyo mu bwoko bwa pinusi, igiti cy’inganzamarumbo cyitwa sekoya n’ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bw’ibiti bya sipure, birama imyaka ibarirwa mu bihumbi.

Nubwo abantu ari byo binyabuzima bihambaye ku isi, babaho imyaka 80 cyangwa 90, nubwo baba bakoze uko bashoboye kose kugira ngo barame imyaka myinshi.

None se utekereza ko twagombye kurama imyaka mirongo inani gusa cyangwa irenzeho gato? Cyangwa hari ikindi twakora ngo turame irenze iyo? Hari abantu batekereza ko siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga mu by’ubuvuzi bishobora gutuma abantu barama imyaka myinshi.

Ni iby’ukuri ko siyansi yagize uruhare rukomeye mu birebana no kwita ku buzima no mu buvuzi bukoresha ikoranabuhanga. Hari ikinyamakuru cyagize kiti “[muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika] umubare w’abantu bicwa n’indwara zandura n’uw’abapfa babyara, waragabanutse cyane. Guhera mu wa 1960, umubare w’abana bapfa batarageza ku mwaka umwe wagabanutseho 75 ku ijana.” Icyakora, siyansi ntiyageze kuri byinshi mu birebana no kongera igihe abantu barama. Indi ngingo yo muri icyo kinyamakuru yavuze ko “nubwo hashize imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo hakorwa ubushakashatsi, nta wurasobanukirwa neza impamvu dusaza.” Icyakora, “hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko gusaza bishobora kuba biterwa n’uko amabwiriza agenga imikurire y’ingirabuzimafatizo aba atagitangwa uko bikwiriye.” Iyo ngingo yakomeje ivuga iti “niba gusaza biterwa ahanini n’imikorere y’ingirabuzimafatizo, hari igihe hazagira igikorwa abantu ntibongere gusaza.”—Scientific American.

Mu bushakashatsi abahanga mu bya siyansi bakora bagamije kumenya igituma abantu basaza, hakubiyemo n’indwara zijyana n’ubusaza, barimo barifashisha ibiherutse kugerwaho mu birebana n’isomo ryibanda ku ihinduka riba mu ngirabuzimafatizo, ariko ridatewe n’ihinduka rya ADN. None se iryo somo rikubiyemo iki?

Mu ngirabuzimafatizo habamo amabwiriza agenga imiterere y’ibinyabuzima, aba akenewe ngo hakorwe ingirabuzimafatizo nshya. Amenshi muri ayo mabwiriza aboneka mu butumwa bw’ibintu biranga umuntu buba muri ADN yo mu ngirabuzimafatizo. Icyakora vuba aha, abahanga mu bya siyansi bavumbuye indi mikorere y’ingirabuzimafatizo, ariko itagengwa n’ubutumwa buboneka muri ADN. Ubwo rero, iryo somo ryibanda kuri iyo mikorere itangaje yo mu rwego rwa shimi.

Molekile zigenga imikorere yo mu ngirabuzimafatizo itagengwa na ADN zitandukanye cyane na ADN. Mu gihe ADN imeze nk’urwego rwihotaguye, izo molekile zo zimeze nk’utuntu two mu rwego rwa shimi twometse kuri ADN. None se izo molekile zimaze iki? Kimwe n’umuyobozi w’itsinda ry’abaririmbyi, izo molekile ni zo zigenzura uko ubutumwa buboneka muri ADN bukoreshwa. Izo molekile zishobora kwemera ko ubwo butumwa bukora icyo bwagenewe cyangwa zikabyanga, bitewe n’ibyo ingirabuzimafatizo ikeneye cyangwa bitewe n’imimerere, urugero nk’ibyo umuntu arya, imihangayiko afite cyangwa uburozi buri mu mubiri we. Ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa kuri izo molekile, bwatumye abahanga mu binyabuzima bahindura uko babonaga ibintu, cyane cyane ku ruhare izo molekile zigira mu gutuma umuntu arwara cyangwa agasaza.

Nessa Carey wakoze ubushakashatsi kuri izo molekile, yaravuze ati “[izo molekile] zigira uruhare mu gutera indwara zitandukanye, urugero nk’indwara zo mu mutwe, za rubagimpande, kanseri n’uburibwe budashira,” kandi “nta gushidikanya ko zigira uruhare mu gutuma umuntu asaza.” Ku bw’ibyo, ubushakashatsi kuri izo molekile bushobora gutuma abahanga bamenya icyakorwa kugira ngo abantu bagire amagara mazima, barwanye indwara hakubiyemo na kanseri, bityo barusheho kuramba. Icyakora kugeza ubu, nta bintu bihambaye bateganya kugeraho. Carey yaravuze ati “turacyakurikiza ibintu bya kera [mu rwego rwo kurwanya iza bukuru], ni ukuvuga kurya imboga nyinshi [no] gukora imyitozo ihagije.”

Ariko se kuki abantu bashyiraho iyo mihati yose, bashakisha uko barama imyaka myinshi? Kuki twifuza kubaho iteka? Ikinyamakuru cyo mu Bwongereza cyarabajije kiti “kuki abantu ku isi hose bashaka uko bahunga urupfu, byaba binyuze mu kwemera ko ubugingo budapfa, umuzuko, kumva ko bakomeza kubaho nyuma yo gupfa cyangwa ko iyo bapfuye roho zabo zimukira mu bindi binyabuzima” (The Times)? Nk’uko turi bubibone, igisubizo cy’icyo kibazo gifitanye isano n’impamvu nyakuri ituma dusaza.

Abantu bamaze imyaka ibarirwa mu bihumbi bagerageza gushaka igisubizo cy’icyo kibazo. Ese haba hari igisubizo gishyize mu gaciro kandi kitunyuze, gihuje n’imiterere yacu ndetse n’icyifuzo kitubamo cyo kubaho iteka? Abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni bemeza ko gihari. Kubera iki? Ni ukubera ko babonye muri Bibiliya ibisubizo bibanyuze by’ibibazo bibaza ku birebana n’ikiremwamuntu.

Bibiliya yagaragaje kuva mbere hose ko abantu bihariye, nubwo hari ibyo bahuriyeho n’ibindi biremwa. Urugero, mu Ntangiriro 1:​27, havuga ko Imana yaremye abantu mu ishusho yayo. Mu buhe buryo? Yaduhaye ubushobozi bwo kugaragaza urukundo, ubutabera n’ubwenge. Kandi kubera ko Imana ihoraho iteka, natwe yadushyizemo icyifuzo cyo kubaho iteka. Mu Mubwiriza 3:11 havuga ko “yashyize igitekerezo cyo kubaho iteka mu mitima y’abantu no mu bwenge bwabo.”​—The Amplified Bible.

Ikintu kigaragaza ko mu mizo ya mbere twari kuzabaho igihe kirekire kurusha icyo tubaho, ni ubushobozi ubwonko bwacu bufite, cyane cyane ubwo kwiga. Hari igitabo cyavuze ko ubwonko bw’umuntu bufite ubushobozi “butagira imipaka” bwo kutibagirwa, nubwo haba hashize igihe kirekire (The Encyclopedia of the Brain and Brain Disorders). None se ubwo bushobozi bwaba bubamariye iki, baramutse batabukoresheje? Koko rero, abantu bagaragaza umugambi Imana yari ibafitiye mu buryo butandukanye. None se kuki dusaza, tukababara maze tugapfa?

Umugabo n’umugore ba mbere bari bafite imibiri itunganye n’uburenganzira bwo kwihitiramo ibibanogeye. Ikibabaje ni uko babukoresheje nabi, bakigomeka ku Muremyi wabo (Intangiriro 2:16, 17; 3:​6-11).a Kuba batarumviye, cyangwa mu yandi magambo kuba baracumuye, byatumye bicuza bikomeye kandi bakorwa n’isoni. Nanone byatumye imibiri yabo yangirika, maze buhoro buhoro bagenda basaza, amaherezo barapfa. Mu 1 Abakorinto 15:56 havuga ko ‘urubori rutera urupfu ari icyaha.’

Mu buryo buhuje n’amategeko agenga iby’iyororoka, abakomotse kuri Adamu na Eva bose barazwe kudatungana na kamere ibogamira ku cyaha cyangwa ku bibi. Mu Baroma 5:​12 hagira hati ‘nk’uko icyaha cyinjiye mu isi binyuze ku muntu umwe, n’urupfu rukinjira mu isi binyuze ku cyaha, ni na ko urupfu rwageze ku bantu bose kuko bose bakoze icyaha.’

None se duhereye ku byo tumaze kuvuga, ni uwuhe mwanzuro twafata? Umwanzuro twafata ni uyu: ubushakashatsi bwo muri laboratwari si bwo buzatuma abantu babaho iteka. Imana yonyine ni yo ishobora kuvanaho ingaruka z’icyaha. Ariko se izabikora? Bibiliya igaragaza ko izabikora.

Hari ikintu gikomeye Imana yakoze kugira ngo ivaneho icyaha n’urupfu. Yohereje Yesu Kristo kugira ngo adupfire. Urupfu rwa Yesu rudufitiye akahe kamaro? Yesu yavutse atunganye, kandi “nta cyaha yigeze akora” (1 Petero 2:22). Ku bw’ibyo, igihe yari umuntu yari atunganye ku buryo yashoboraga kubaho iteka. Ni iki yakoze? Yatanze ubuzima bwe ku bushake kugira ngo aducungure, tubabarirwe ibyaha byacu. Koko rero, Yesu yatanze ubuzima bwe ngo “bube incungu ya benshi” (Matayo 20:28). Vuba aha, tuzabona inyungu z’icyo gitambo mu buryo bwuzuye. Ni izihe nyungu uzabona? Suzuma imirongo ikurikira:

• “Imana yakunze isi cyane ku buryo yatanze Umwana wayo w’ikinege, kugira ngo umwizera wese atarimbuka, ahubwo abone ubuzima bw’iteka.”​—Yohana 3:16.

• “Urupfu azarumira bunguri kugeza iteka ryose, kandi Umwami w’Ikirenga Yehova azahanagura amarira ku maso yose.”​—Yesaya 25:8.

• “Urupfu ni rwo mwanzi wa nyuma uzahindurwa ubusa.”​—1 Abakorinto 15:26.

• “Ihema ry’Imana riri kumwe n’abantu. . . . Izahanagura amarira yose ku maso yabo, kandi urupfu ntiruzabaho ukundi.”​—Ibyahishuwe 21:3, 4.

None se ushobora kurama igihe kingana iki? Igisubizo Bibiliya itanga kirumvikana neza. Abantu bashobora kugira ibyiringiro byo kubaho iteka. Ibyo bizasohora igihe Imana izaba imaze kuvana ibibi byose ku isi (Zaburi 37:28, 29). Yesu yazirikanaga ibyo byiringiro, igihe yabwiraga umuntu wari umanikanywe na we ati “uzaba uri kumwe nanjye muri Paradizo.”​—Luka 23:43.

Koko rero, abantu bafite impamvu zumvikana zo kwifuza ubuzima bw’iteka kandi bazabubona. Uko ni ko Imana yaturemye, kandi izahaza icyo cyifuzo (Zaburi 145:16). Icyakora, tugomba gushyiraho akacu. Urugero, dukeneye kugira ukwizera gukomeye. Mu Baheburayo 11:6, hagira hati “umuntu udafite ukwizera ntashobora kuyishimisha, kuko uwegera Imana agomba kwemera ko iriho kandi ko igororera abayishakana umwete.” Kugira uko kwizera si ukwemera ibintu buhumyi, ahubwo ni ukwemera ibintu ubigiranye ubwenge bushingiye ku bumenyi nyakuri bwo muri Bibiliya (Abaheburayo 11:1). Niba wifuza kugira uko kwizera, uzaganire n’Abahamya ba Yehova bo mu gace utuyemo, cyangwa ujye kuri www.jw.org/rw.