Igice Cya Karindwi

Amagambo Ane Yahinduye Isi

1. Amagambo ane yanditswe kera cyane ku rukuta yagize ingaruka zikomeye mu rugero rungana iki?

AMAGAMBO ane yoroheje yanditswe ku rukuta ruhomye neza. Ariko kandi, ayo magambo uko ari ane yateye ubwoba umutegetsi ukomeye cyane, hafi yo kumutesha umutwe. Yatangazaga ko abami babiri bari kunyagwa ubwami, umwe muri bo agapfa kandi ubutegetsi bw’igihangange bw’isi bukomeye bukavanwaho. Ayo magambo yatumye itsinda rya kidini ryubahwaga cyane risuzugurwa. Icy’ingenzi kurushaho ariko, yahesheje ikuzo gahunda yo gusenga Yehova mu buryo butanduye, kandi yongera kwemeza ubutegetsi bwe bw’ikirenga mu gihe abantu hafi ya bose batagiraga na kimwe muri ibyo byombi bitaho. Ndetse ayo magambo anatanga urumuri ku bihereranye n’ibintu bibera ku isi muri iki gihe! Ni gute amagambo ane yonyine yashoboraga gukora ibyo byose? Reka tubisuzume.

2. (a) Byagenze bite i Babuloni nyuma y’urupfu rwa Nebukadinezari? (b) Ni nde wategetse muri icyo gihe?

² Hari hashize imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo kuva habaye ibintu byavuzwe mu gice cya 4 cya Daniyeli. Imyaka 43 Umwami w’umwibone Nebukadinezari yamaze ategeka i Babuloni yarangiranye n’urupfu rwe rwabayeho mu mwaka wa 582 M.I.C. Abategetsi bakomokaga mu muryango we bagiye bakurikirana ku butegetsi, ariko bose bakagenda bapfa urupfu rutunguranye cyangwa bishwe. Amaherezo, umugabo witwaga Nabonide yaje gufata ubutegetsi binyuriye mu myivumbagatanyo. Uko bigaragara, Nabonide yari yarabyawe n’umugore wari umutambyi ukomeye cyane w’imana-kwezi yitwaga Sin, bityo akaba atari afitanye isano rishingiye ku maraso n’abo mu muryango wa cyami w’i Babuloni. Abahanga bamwe bavuga ko yashakanye n’umukobwa wa Nebukadinezari kugira ngo bitume ubutegetsi bwe bwemerwa n’amategeko, agira umuhungu babyaranye witwaga Belushazari umwami bafatanyije gutegeka, maze amusigira ubutegetsi bwa Babuloni mu gihe cy’imyaka myinshi. Muri ubwo buryo, Belushazari yaba yari umwuzukuru wa Nebukadinezari. Mbese, afatiye ku byari byarabaye kuri sekuru Nebukadinezari, yaba yari yaramenye ko Yehova ari Imana y’Ikirenga ishobora gucisha bugufi umwami uwo ari we wese? Oya rwose!​—Daniyeli 4:34, umurongo wa 37 muri Biblia Yera.

IBIRORI BYARANZWE NO KURENGERA MU BURYO BUKABIJE

3. Ibirori bya Belushazari byari biteye bite?

³ Igice cya 5 cya Daniyeli kibimburirwa n’amagambo avuga ibihereranye n’ibirori. “Umwami Belushazari ararika abatware be bakuru igihumbi, ngo baze mu birori, abatunganiriza ibyokurya n’ibyokunywa; muri ibyo birori umwami na we anywera vino imbere y’abo batware igihumbi” (Daniyeli 5:1). Nk’uko ushobora kubyiyumvisha, bigomba kuba byarasabye icyumba kinini cyane cyo kwicazamo abo bantu bose, hamwe n’abagore b’umwami n’inshoreke ze. Umuhanga umwe yaravuze ati “ibirori by’Abanyababuloni byabaga bihebuje, n’ubwo akenshi byaherukwaga n’ubusinzi. Divayi yatumizwaga mu bihugu bya kure n’ibindi bintu bishimishije cyane byabaga byuzuye ameza. Icyumba cyabaga cyatamye imibavu; abaririmbyi n’abacuranzi bakanezeza abatumiwe babaga bateranye. Belushazari yabaga ari aho bose bashoboraga kumubona, akanywa divayi​—akayinywa koko.

4. (a) Kuki bishobora gusa n’aho bitangaje kubona Abanyababuloni bari bari mu birori mu ijoro ryo ku wa 5 rishyira uwa 6 Ukwakira 539 M.I.C.? (b) Uko bigaragara, ni iki cyateraga Abanyababuloni kugira icyizere imbere y’ingabo zari zarabateye?

⁴ Bisa n’aho bitangaje kuba Abanyababuloni bari bari mu mimerere nk’iyo y’ibirori muri iryo joro​—ryo ku wa 5 rishyira uwa 6 Ukwakira 539 M.I.C. Igihugu cyabo cyari kiri mu ntambara, kandi ntibyagendaga neza ku ruhande rwabo. Ni bwo Nabonide yari akimara gutsindwa mu gitero cyari cyagabwe n’ingabo z’Abamedi n’Abaperesi, maze ahungira i Borsippa mu majyepfo y’uburengerazuba bwa Babuloni. Kandi icyo gihe ingabo za Kuro zari zikambitse iruhande rwa Babuloni. Ariko kandi, Belushazari n’abatware be basaga n’aho nta cyo bitayeho. Nta mugayo kandi, umujyi wabo wari Babuloni y’umutamenwa! Ibikuta byayo binini byari birumbaraye hejuru y’imiyoboro miremire cyane mu bujyakuzimu yuzuyemo amazi y’Uruzi Ufurate rwambukiranyaga uwo mujyi. Hari hashize imyaka isaga igihumbi yose ari nta mwanzi n’umwe wari warigeze agaba igitero i Babuloni ngo ahafate. None se, ni iki cyari gutuma bahangayika? Wenda Belushazari yibwiraga ko urusaku rw’ibyishimo byabo rwari kugaragariza abanzi babo bari bari hanze ko bafite icyo bizeye, kandi ko ibyo byashoboraga kubaca intege.

5, 6. Ni iki Belushazari yakoze abitewe na divayi yari yanyoye, kandi se, kuki icyo cyari igitutsi gikomeye kuri Yehova?

⁵ Inzoga nyinshi Belushazari yari arimo anywa ntizatinze kumugiraho ingaruka. Nk’uko mu Migani 20:1 habivuga, “vino ni umukobanyi.” Muri ubwo buryo, divayi yatumye uwo mwami akora ibintu by’ubupfu bukabije rwose. Yategetse ko muri ibyo birori hazanwamo ibikoresho byera byavanywe mu rusengero rwa Yehova. Ibyo bikoresho byari byarasahuwe igihe Nebukadinezari yigaruriraga Yerusalemu, byagombaga gukoreshwa mu bihereranye no gusenga kutanduye gusa. Ndetse n’abatambyi b’Abayahudi bari barahawe uburenganzira bwo kubikoresha mu rusengero rw’i Yerusalemu mu bihe byari byarahise, bari barabwiwe ko bagombaga guhora biyeza.​—Daniyeli 5:2; gereranya na Yesaya 52:11.

⁶ Ariko kandi, Belushazari yari afite ikindi kintu yari agambiriye gukora kigaragaza agasuzuguro gakabije. “Umwami n’abatware be n’abagore be n’inshoreke ze . . . banywa vino, bahimbaza ibigirwamana by’izahabu n’iby’ifeza n’iby’imiringa n’iby’ibyuma n’iby’ibiti n’iby’amabuye” (Daniyeli 5:3, 4). Muri ubwo buryo, Belushazari yashakaga guhimbaza imana ze z’ikinyoma azishyira hejuru ya Yehova! Iyo myifatire isa n’aho yari yihariye ku Banyababuloni. Bafatanaga agasuzuguro Abayahudi bari barazanyeho iminyago, bakannyega ugusenga kwabo kandi ntibabagaragarize n’icyizere na gike cyo kuzasubira mu gihugu cyabo bakundaga cyane (Zaburi 137:1-3; Yesaya 14:16, 17). Wenda uwo mwami w’umusinzi yumvaga ko gutesha agaciro abo banyagano no gutuka Imana yabo byari gushishikaza abagore be n’abatware be, bityo bigatuma agaragara ko akomeye.a Ariko kandi, niba Belushazari yariyumvisemo mu buryo runaka ko akomeye, ibyo byabaye iby’akanya gato gusa.

INYANDIKO YO KU RUKUTA

7, 8. Ni gute ibirori bya Belushazari byaciwemo kabiri, kandi se ni izihe ngaruka ibyo byagize kuri uwo mwami?

⁷ Inkuru yahumetswe igira iti “uwo mwanya haboneka intoki z’umuntu, zandika ku rusika ruhomye rw’inzu y’umwami, aherekeye igitereko cy’itabaza; umwami abona ikiganza cyandika” (Daniyeli 5:5). Mbega ibintu biteye ubwoba! Ukuboko kwarizanye kudafite aho guturutse hagaragara, kuri mu kirekire hafi y’urukuta, aho urumuri rwaboneshaga cyane. Tekereza ituze ryahise riba muri ibyo birori ubwo abatumiwe batumbiraga uko kuboko bumiwe. Kwagize gutya gutangira kwandika ku rukuta ubutumwa budasobanutse.b Ibyo byari ibintu biteye ubwoba cyane kandi bitari kuzibagirana, ku buryo na n’ubu abantu bakunze kuvuga bati “inyandiko yo ku rukuta,” bashaka kumvikanisha umuburo uhereranye n’akaga kegereje.

⁸ Ni izihe ngaruka ibyo byagize kuri uwo mwami w’umwibone wari washatse kwihimbaza we n’imana ze, bakishyira hejuru ya Yehova? “Abibonye, mu maso he hahinduka ukundi, gutekereza kwe kumuhagarika umutima; ingingo z’amatako ye zicika intege, kandi amavi ye arakomangana” (Daniyeli 5:6). Belushazari yari yashatse kugaragariza abantu be ko akomeye kandi ko afite igitinyiro. Ariko kandi, yaje kugaragara ko yakutse umutima mu buryo buteye agahinda​—mu maso he harijima, amanyankinya ye arahubangana, umubiri we wose uhinda umushyitsi mwinshi ku buryo amavi ye yakomanganye. Ni koko, Dawidi yavuze ukuri mu magambo yabwiye Yehova mu ndirimbo agira ati “igitsure cyawe kiri ku bibone, kugira ngo ubacishe bugufi.”​—2 Samweli 22:1, 28; gereranya no mu Migani 18:12.

9. (a) Kuki ubwoba Belushazari yagize butari ubwoba bushingiye ku gutinya Imana? (b) Ni iki umwami yasezeranyije abanyabwenge b’i Babuloni?

⁹ Zirikana ko ubwoba Belushazari yagize atari bumwe bushingiye ku gutinya Imana, bwo kugaragariza Yehova icyubahiro mu buryo bwimbitse, ibyo bikaba ari byo shingiro ry’ubwenge bwose (Imigani 9:10). Oya, bwari ubwoba bwo gutinya amakuba, kandi ntibwigeze butuma uwo mwami wahindaga umushyitsi agira ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose cy’ubwenge agaragaza.c Aho kugira ngo asabe imbabazi Imana yari amaze guharabika, yahamagaye mu ijwi rirenga “abapfumu n’Abakaludaya n’abacunnyi.” Ndetse yaranavuze ati “uri busome iyi nyandiko wese, akansobanurira impamvu yayo, azambikwa umwenda w’umuhengeri n’umukufi w’izahabu mu ijosi, kandi azaba umutware wa gatatu mu bwami” (Daniyeli 5:7). Umutware wa gatatu mu bwami yari kuba akomeye rwose, kuko yari kuba akurikira abami babiri gusa bategekaga, ari bo Nabonide na Belushazari ubwe. Ubusanzwe, uwo mwanya washoboraga kuba wari ugenewe umuhungu w’imfura wa Belushazari. Ibyo bigaragaza ukuntu umwami yari yamanjiriwe cyane ku buryo yashakaga kumenya ibisobanuro by’ubwo butumwa bw’igitangaza!

10. Byagendekeye bite abo banyabwenge mu mihati yabo yo gusobanura iyo nyandiko yo ku rukuta?

¹⁰ Abanyabwenge baraje buzura icyo cyumba kinini. Ntibari babuze, kubera ko umujyi wa Babuloni wari warirundumuriye mu idini ry’ikinyoma, ufite n’insengero nyinshi. Nta gushidikanya, abantu bavugaga ko bahanura iby’igihe kizaza bakanasoma inyandiko z’amayobera bari bagwiriye. Abo banyabwenge bagomba kuba baratwawe n’ibyishimo ku bw’igikundiro bari bahawe. Aho ngaho, bari babonye uburyo bwo kugaragariza ubuhanga bwabo imbere y’abantu bakomeye, kwemerwa n’umwami no kuzamurwa bagahabwa umwanya ukomeye cyane. Ariko mbega ukuntu baje gutsindwa! ‘Bananiwe gusoma iyo nyandiko cyangwa kumenyesha umwami uko isobanurwa.’d​—Daniyeli 5:8.

11. Kuki wenda abanyabwenge b’i Babuloni bashobora kuba barananiwe gusoma iyo nyandiko?

¹¹ Ntituzi neza niba abanyabwenge b’i Babuloni barasanze iyo nyandiko ubwayo​—ni ukuvuga izo nyuguti​—idasomeka. Niba ari uko byari biri, abo bagabo batagiraga amahame abagenga baba baraboneyeho uburyo bwo guhimba ibisobanuro babonye byose by’ikinyoma, wenda n’ibishyeshyenga umwami. Ubundi buryo bushoboka, ni uko izo nyuguti zaba zarasomekaga neza. Ariko kubera ko hari indimi, urugero nk’Icyarameyi n’Igiheburayo zandikwaga nta nyajwi, buri jambo ryashoboraga kugira ibisobanuro byinshi. Niba ari uko byari biri, wenda abo banyabwenge ntibashoboye kumenya amagambo yari agambiriwe ayo ari yo. Kandi n’iyo baza kuyamenya, bari gukomeza kugira ikibazo cyo kumenya icyo asobanura kugira ngo bakivuge. Uko byaba byaragenze kose, icyo tudashidikanya ni uko abanyabwenge b’i Babuloni batsinzwe​—mu buryo bukomeye cyane!

12. Kuba abo banyabwenge baratsinzwe byagaragaje iki?

¹² Bityo rero, abo banyabwenge bagaragaye ko ari abo kwihimbaza gusa, ko idini ryabo ryubahwaga cyane ryari iry’ikinyoma. Mbega ukuntu batari bafite icyo bamaze! Igihe Belushazari yabonaga ko icyizere yari afitiye abo banyedini kibaye imfabusa, yarushijeho kugira ubwoba, mu maso he harushaho kwijima, ndetse n’abatware be “barashoberwa.”e​—Daniyeli 5:9.

HATUMIZWA UMUNTU UFITE UBUSHISHOZI

13. (a) Kuki umwamikazi yasabye ko bahamagara Daniyeli? (b) Ni iyihe mibereho Daniyeli yari afite?

¹³ Muri icyo gihe gikomeye cyane, umwamikazi ubwe​—wenda akaba ari nyina w’umwami​—yinjiye mu cyumba cy’ibirori. Yari yumvise iby’ukuvurungana gukomeye kwari kwabaye muri ibyo birori, kandi yari azi umuntu washoboraga gusoma ayo magambo yanditswe ku rukuta no kuyasobanura. Imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo mbere y’aho, se Nebukadinezari yari yaragize Daniyeli umutware w’abanyabwenge be bose. Umwamikazi yibutse ko uwo muntu yagiraga “umwuka mwiza no kwitegereza [“n’ubumenyi n’ubushishozi,” NW].” Kubera ko Daniyeli asa n’aho atari azwi na Belushazari, birashoboka ko uwo muhanuzi yari yaratakaje umwanya wo hejuru yari afite mu butegetsi nyuma y’aho Nebukadinezari apfiriye. Ariko kuba umuntu ukomeye si cyo cyari icy’ingenzi kuri Daniyeli. Icyo gihe ashobora kuba yari amaze kugera mu myaka 90, akiri umukozi wizerwa wa Yehova. N’ubwo yari amaze imyaka igera kuri mirongo inani ari mu bunyage i Babuloni, yari akizwi ku izina rye ry’Igiheburayo. Ndetse n’umwamikazi yamwise Daniyeli, aho gukoresha izina Abanyababuloni bari baramuhimbye. Mu by’ukuri, yasabye umwami ati “nibahamagare Daniyeli, aze asobanure impamvu yabyo.”​—Daniyeli 1:7; 5:10-12.

14. Ni iyihe mimerere igoye Daniyeli yari arimo igihe yabonaga iyo nyandiko yo ku rukuta?

¹⁴ Daniyeli yaratumijwe maze aza imbere ya Belushazari. Kwiyambaza uwo Muyahudi kandi ako kanya umwami yari amaze guharabika Imana ye, byari ibintu biteye isoni. Ariko kandi, Belushazari yagerageje kugusha neza Daniyeli, amusezeranya ya ngororano​—yo kuba umutware wa gatatu mu bwami​—mu gihe yari gushobora gusoma no gusobanura ya magambo y’amayobera (Daniyeli 5:13-16). Daniyeli yubuye amaso areba ayo magambo yanditswe ku rukuta, maze umwuka wera utuma ashobora kumenya icyo asobanura. Bwari ubutumwa bw’akaga buturutse kuri Yehova Imana! Ni gute Daniyeli yashoboraga gutangariza imbere y’uwo mwami wari wataye umutwe iteka rikomeye yari yaciriweho​—kandi akanabivuga ari imbere y’abagore be n’abatware be? Tekereza imimerere igoye Daniyeli yari arimo! Mbese, yahumwe umutima n’amagambo yo kumugusha neza y’umwami hamwe n’ubutunzi n’umwanya ukomeye yari yamusezeranyije? Mbese, uwo muhanuzi yari kugabanya uburemere bw’amagambo ya Yehova?

15, 16. Ni irihe somo ry’ingenzi Belushazari yananiwe kuvana ku byari byarabayeho mu mateka, kandi se, ni gute ikintu nk’icyo gikunze kubaho no muri iki gihe?

¹⁵ Daniyeli yavuze abigiranye ubutwari ati “impano zawe uzigumanire, kandi ingororano zawe uzihe undi. Ariko ndasomera umwami iyi nyandiko, musobanurire impamvu yayo” (Daniyeli 5:17). Hanyuma, Daniyeli yagaragaje ko Nebukadinezari yari umuntu ukomeye, ko yari umwami ukomeye cyane ku buryo yashoboraga kwica, gukubita, gushyira hejuru cyangwa gucisha bugufi uwo ashatse wese. Ariko kandi, Daniyeli yibukije Belushazari ko Yehova “Imana Isumbabyose” yari yarahaye Nebukadinezari gukomera. Yehova ni we wari waracishije bugufi uwo mwami wari ukomeye, igihe yatangiraga kwirata. Ni koko, Nebukadinezari yari yarahatiwe kumenya ko “Imana Isumbabyose ari yo itegeka ubwami bw’abantu, kandi ko ibwimikamo uwo ishatse.”​—Daniyeli 5:18-21.

¹⁶ Belushazari “[y]amenye ibyo byose.” Ariko kandi, yananiwe kuvana isomo ku byabaye mu mateka. Mu by’ukuri, yakoze icyaha kirengeje icya Nebukadinezari cyo kugaragaza ubwibone budakwiriye, maze akora igikorwa cyo gusuzugura Yehova mu buryo butaziguye. Daniyeli yashyize ahagaragara icyaha umwami yari yakoze. Byongeye kandi, yabwiye Belushazari abigiranye ubushizi bw’amanga imbere y’iryo teraniro ry’abapagani, ko imana z’ikinyoma ‘zitareba ntizumve ntizitegereze.’ Uwo muhanuzi w’Imana warangwaga n’ubutwari yongeyeho ko mu buryo bunyuranye n’izo mana zitagira umumaro, Yehova we ari Imana “ifite umwuka wawe mu kuboko kwayo.” Muri iki gihe na bwo, abantu bahindura imana ibintu bitagira ubuzima, bagasenga amafaranga, akazi, ibyubahiro ndetse n’ibinezeza. Ariko nta na kimwe muri ibyo gishobora gutanga ubuzima. Yehova wenyine ni we twese dukesha ubuzima, ni we uduha guhumeka.​—Daniyeli 5:22, 23; Ibyakozwe 17:24, 25.

IYOBERA RIHISHURWA!

17, 18. Ni ayahe magambo ane yari yanditswe ku rukuta, kandi se, ibisobanuro byayo ni ibihe afashwe uko yakabaye?

¹⁷ Muri icyo gihe, uwo muhanuzi wari ugeze mu za bukuru yakoze ibyari byananiye abanyabwenge bose b’i Babuloni. Yasomye kandi asobanura ya nyandiko yo ku rukuta. Ayo magambo yari aya ngo “Mene Mene Tekeli Ufarisini” (Daniyeli 5:24, 25). Ni iki yasobanuraga?

¹⁸ Ayo magambo afashwe uko yakabaye, asobanurwa ngo “mina, mina, shekeli n’igice cya shekeli.” Buri jambo ryari igipimo cy’agaciro k’amafaranga, ibyo bipimo bikaba byarashyizwe ku rutonde hakurikijwe uko bigenda birutana. Mbega ibintu by’urujijo! Ndetse n’iyo abanyabwenge b’i Babuloni baza kumenya izo nyuguti, ntibitangaje ko batashoboraga kuzisobanura.

19. Ijambo “Mene” ryasobanuwe gute?

¹⁹ Binyuriye ku mwuka wera w’Imana, Daniyeli yaravuze ati “bisobanurwa bitya: Mene bisobanurwa ngo Imana ibaze imyaka umaze ku ngoma, iyishyiraho iherezo” (Daniyeli 5:26). Ingombajwi zigize iryo jambo rya mbere, zashoboraga gusobanura ijambo “mina” n’ijambo ry’Icyarameyi ryahinduwemo “ibaze,” bitewe n’inyajwi umusomyi ashyiraho. Daniyeli yari azi neza ko Abayahudi bari bari hafi kuva mu bunyage. Ku myaka 70 yari yarahanuwe ko bari kuzamara mu bunyage, hari hamaze gushira imyaka 68 (Yeremiya 29:10). Yehova, we Mugenga w’igihe Mukuru, yari yarabaze igihe Babuloni yari kuzamara ari ubutegetsi bw’igihangange bw’isi, kandi iherezo ryari ryegereje kurusha uko buri wese mu bari bari mu birori bya Belushazari yabitekerezaga. Mu by’ukuri, igihe cyari kirangiye​—atari kuri Belushazari gusa, ahubwo no kuri se Nabonide. Wenda iyo yaba ari yo mpamvu yatumye ijambo “Mene” ryandikwa incuro ebyiri⁠—​kugira ngo hagaragazwe iherezo ry’ubwo butegetsi bwombi.

20. Ni gute ijambo “Tekeli” ryasobanuwe, kandi se, ni gute ryerekezaga kuri Belushazari?

²⁰ Ku rundi ruhande, ijambo “Tekeli” ryanditswe incuro imwe gusa, kandi ryakoreshejwe mu buke. Ibyo bishobora kuba bigaragaza ko ryerekezaga mbere na mbere kuri Belushazari. Kandi ibyo byari kuba bikwiriye rwose, kubera ko ari we ku giti cye wari warasuzuguye Yehova mu buryo bukomeye. Iryo jambo ubwaryo risobanura “shekeli” ariko nanone ingombajwi zishobora gutuma risobanura ijambo “wapimwe.” Bityo rero, Daniyeli yabwiye Belushazari ati “Tekeli bisobanurwa ngo: wapimwe mu bipimo, ugaragara ko udashyitse” (Daniyeli 5:27). Kuri Yehova, amahanga yose ni ubusa nk’umukungugu ufashe ku minzani (Yesaya 40:15). Nta bushobozi afite bwo kuburizamo imigambi ye. None se, ni iki umwami umwe gusa w’umwibone yari kuba avuze imbere ye? Belushazari yashatse kwihimbaza yishyira hejuru y’Umutegetsi w’Ikirenga w’isi n’ijuru. Uwo muntu buntu yatinyutse gutuka Yehova no gusuzugura ugusenga k’ukuri, ariko ‘yagaragaye ko adashyitse.’ Ni koko, Belushazari yari akwiriye rwose gucirwaho iteka ryari ryegereje cyane!

21. Ijambo “Ufarisini” ryasobanurwaga mu buhe buryo butatu, kandi se, ni iki iryo jambo ryagaragazaga ku byari kuzaba kuri Babuloni yari iri ku mwanya w’ubutegetsi bw’igihangange bw’isi?

²¹ Ijambo rya nyuma ryari ryanditswe ku rukuta ryari “Ufarisini.” Daniyeli yarisomye mu buke ngo “Perēsi”, wenda bitewe n’uko yari arimo abwira umwami umwe gusa kuko undi atari ahari. Iryo jambo ryagaragaje indunduro y’iyobera rikomeye rya Yehova, mu gukoresha ijambo risobanurwa mu buryo butatu. Ijambo “ufarisini” rifashwe uko ryakabaye risobanurwa ngo “igice cya shekeli.” Ariko nanone, izo nyuguti zishobora kumvikanisha ibindi bisobanuro bibiri​—“kugabamo ibice” n’“Abaperesi.” Ni cyo cyatumye Daniyeli ahanura ati “Perēsi bisobanurwa ngo: ubwami bwawe buragabwe, buhawe Abamedi n’Abaperesi.”​—Daniyeli 5:28.

22. Ni iyihe myifatire Belushazari yagize amaze kumva ibisobanuro by’ayo mayobera, kandi se, ni iki wenda yari yiringiye?

²² Uko ni ko rya yobera ryaje guhishurwa. Igihangange Babuloni cyari kigiye kugwa mu maboko y’ingabo z’Abamedi n’Abaperesi. N’ubwo Belushazari yaciwe intege n’ayo magambo yatangazaga akaga, yasohoje ibyo yari yasezeranyije. Yabwiye abagaragu be ngo bambike Daniyeli umwenda w’umuhengeri, umukufi w’izahabu mu ijosi, kandi batangaze ko ari umutware wa gatatu mu bwami (Daniyeli 5:29). Daniyeli ntiyanze ibyo byubahiro, kuko yari azi ko byagaragazaga icyubahiro bahaye Yehova. Birumvikana ko Belushazari ashobora kuba yari yiringiye ko kubahisha umuhanuzi wa Yehova byari gutuma uburemere bw’iteka yari yamuciriyeho bugabanuka. Niba ari uko byari biri, byari byamurangiranye.

KUGWA KWA BABULONI

23. Ni ubuhe buhanuzi bwa kera bwari burimo busohozwa igihe ibirori bya Belushazari byari bigikomeje?

²³ Mu gihe Belushazari n’abambari be bari barimo banywa bahimbaza imana zabo kandi bannyega Yehova, hari ibintu bikomeye byari birimo bibera mu mwijima hanze y’ingoro. Ubuhanuzi bwari bwaravuzwe binyuriye kuri Yesaya imyaka igera kuri magana abiri mbere y’aho bwari burimo busohozwa. Ku bihereranye na Babuloni, Yehova yari yarahanuye ati “gusuhuza umutima kwabo kose ndakurangije.” Ni koko, ibikorwa byose byo gukandamiza ubwoko bwatoranyijwe bw’Imana byakorwaga n’uwo mujyi warangwaga n’ubugome, byari bigiye kurangira. Mu buhe buryo? Ubwo buhanuzi bugira buti “yewe Elamu, tera! Nawe Bumedi, bagote!” Nyuma y’igihe cy’umuhanuzi Yesaya, Elamu yaje kuba igice cy’u Buperesi. Koko rero, mu gihe cy’ibirori bya Belushazari, na byo bikaba byari byarahanuwe na Yesaya muri ubwo buhanuzi, Abaperesi n’Abamedi bari barateranyirije hamwe ingabo zabo kugira ngo ‘zitere’ kandi ‘zigote’ Babuloni.​—Yesaya 21:1, 2, 5, 6.

24. Ni izihe ngingo zihereranye no kugwa kwa Babuloni ubuhanuzi bwa Yesaya bwari bwaravuze?

²⁴ Mu by’ukuri, n’izina ubwaryo ry’umuyobozi w’izo ngabo ryari ryarahanuwe, kimwe n’ingingo z’ingenzi z’amayeri yari kuzakoresha mu ntambara. Hari hashize imyaka igera kuri 200 Yesaya ahanuye ko Yehova yari kuzasiga uwitwa Kuro kugira ngo atere Babuloni. Mu gihe yari kuba agabye igitero, yari kuvanirwaho inzitizi zose. Amazi ya Babuloni yari ‘gukama’ n’inzugi zaho zikomeye zigasigwa zirangaye (Yesaya 44:27–45:3). Kandi ni ko byagenze koko. Ingabo za Kuro zayobeje Uruzi Ufurate, bituma amazi yarwo atangira gukama, ku buryo zashoboraga kugenda mu muyoboro w’urwo ruzi. Abarinzi b’indangare bari basize barangaje inzugi zakingaga inkuta za Babuloni. Nk’uko abahanga mu by’amateka babyemeza, uwo mujyi watewe mu gihe abawutuye bizihizaga umunsi mukuru. Babuloni yafashwe nta nkomyi iyo ari yo yose (Yeremiya 51:30). Ariko kandi, hari umuntu nibura umwe ukomeye wahaguye. Daniyeli yaravuze ati “iryo joro Belushazari umwami w’u Bukaludaya aricwa. Ubwo bwami buhabwa Dariyo w’Umumedi, yari amaze nk’imyaka mirongo itandatu n’ibiri avutse.”​—Daniyeli 5:30–6:1 (5:30, 31 muri Biblia Yera.)

TUVANE ISOMO KU NYANDIKO YO KU RUKUTA

25. (a) Kuki Babuloni ya kera ari ikigereranyo gikwiriye cya gahunda y’isi yose y’idini ry’ikinyoma iriho ubu? (b) Ni mu buhe buryo abagaragu b’Imana bo muri iki gihe bajyanywe mu bunyage muri Babuloni?

²⁵ Inkuru yahumetswe yo muri Daniyeli igice cya 5 itwigisha byinshi. Kubera ko Babuloni ya kera yari ihuriro ry’imigenzo y’idini ry’ikinyoma, igereranya mu buryo bukwiriye ubutware bw’isi yose bw’idini ry’ikinyoma. Urwo rugaga rw’isi yose rw’ikinyoma rwitwa “Babuloni Ikomeye,” rukaba rwaragereranyijwe mu Byahishuwe na maraya ufite inyota y’amaraso (Ibyahishuwe 17:5). Yirengagije imiburo yose ihereranye n’inyigisho zayo hamwe n’imigenzo yayo by’ikinyoma bisuzuguza Imana, maze itoteza ababwiriza ukuri kw’Ijambo ry’Imana. Kimwe n’abantu bari batuye i Yerusalemu n’i Buyuda byo mu gihe cya kera, mu by’ukuri Abakristo basizwe bizerwa basigaye bajyanyweho iminyago muri “Babuloni Ikomeye” igihe ibitotezo bitewe n’abayobozi ba kidini byasaga n’aho bihagaritse umurimo wo kubwiriza iby’Ubwami mu mwaka wa 1918.

26. (a) Ni gute “Babuloni Ikomeye” yaguye mu wa 1919? (b) Ni uwuhe muburo tugomba kumvira kandi tukawugeza ku bandi?

²⁶ Ariko kandi, “Babuloni Ikomeye” yahise igwa mu kanya gato! Kugwa kwayo kwabaye bucece rwose​—nk’uko Babuloni ya kera na yo isa n’aho yaguye bucece mu wa 539 M.I.C. Ariko kandi, uko kugwa ko mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo kwarayishegeshe cyane. Kwabaye mu mwaka wa 1919 I.C., igihe ubwoko bwa Yehova bwavanwaga mu bubata bwa Babuloni maze bukagira igikundiro cyo kwemerwa n’Imana. Ibyo byatumye ububasha “Babuloni Ikomeye” yari ifite ku bwoko bw’Imana burangira, kandi biba intangiriro yo kugaragazwa kwayo ko ari umubeshyi udakwiriye kwiringirwa. Uko kugwa kwagaragaye ko kudafite igaruriro, kandi irimbuka ryayo rya nyuma riri bugufi rwose. Bityo rero, abagaragu ba Yehova bakomeje gutanga umuburo ugira uti “bwoko bwanjye, nimuwusohokemo, kugira ngo mwe gufatanya n’ibyaha byawo” (Ibyahishuwe 18:4). Mbese, wumviye uwo muburo? Mbese, uwugeza ku bandi?f

27, 28. (a) Ni ukuhe kuri kw’ingenzi Daniyeli atigeze yibagirwa? (b) Ni ikihe gihamya dufite kigaragaza ko vuba aha Yehova azahagurukira iyi si mbi?

²⁷ Bityo rero, hari inyandiko iri ku rukuta muri iki gihe​—ariko ntireba “Babuloni Ikomeye” yonyine. Wibuke uku kuri kw’ingenzi igitabo cya Daniyeli gishingiyeho: Yehova ni we Mutegetsi w’Ikirenga w’Isi n’Ijuru. Ni we wenyine ufite uburenganzira bwo gushyiraho umutware wo gutegeka abantu. (Daniyeli 4:14, 22, umurongo wa 17 n’uwa 25 muri Biblia Yera; 5:21.) Ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose kibangamira imigambi ya Yehova kizavanwaho. Ibyo Yehova azabikora nta kabuza (Habakuki 2:3). Ku bihereranye na Daniyeli, icyo gihe amaherezo cyageze ubwo yari ageze mu kigero cy’imyaka igera hafi ku ijana. Yaje kwibonera ukuntu Yehova yavanyeho ubutegetsi bw’igihangange bw’isi​—bwari bwarakandamije ubwoko bw’Imana uhereye igihe Daniyeli yari akiri umusore.

²⁸ Hari ibihamya byiringirwa bigaragaza ko Yehova Imana yimitse ku ntebe y’ubwami yo mu ijuru Umutegetsi ugomba gutegeka abantu. Kuba isi yarateye umugongo uwo Mwami kandi ikarwanya ubutegetsi bwe, ni igihamya nyakuri kigaragaza ko vuba aha Yehova azavanaho abarwanya ubutegetsi bw’Ubwami bose (Zaburi 2:1-11; 2 Petero 3:3-7). Mbese, ibyo ukora bigaragaza ko uzirikana ko turi mu bihe byihutirwa kandi ko wiringira Ubwami bw’Imana? Niba ari uko biri, nta gushidikanya ko wavanye isomo ku nyandiko yo ku rukuta!

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

NI IKI WAMENYE?

• Ni gute ibirori bya Belushazari byaciwemo kabiri mu ijoro ryo ku wa 5 rishyira uwa 6 Ukwakira 539 M.I.C.?

• Ni gute inyandiko yo ku rukuta yasobanuwe?

• Ni ubuhe buhanuzi bwerekeranye no kugwa kwa Babuloni bwari burimo busohozwa mu gihe ibirori bya Belushazari byari bigikomeza?

• Ni iki inkuru ivuga ibihereranye n’inyandiko yo ku rukuta itwigisha muri iki gihe?

[Ifoto yuzuye ipaji ya 98]

[Ifoto yuzuye ipaji ya 103]