Igice cya 18
Imitingito y’Isi ku Munsi w’Umwami
1, 2. (a) Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cy’umutingito w’isi? (b) Yohana avuga ko habaye iki igihe ikimenyetso cya gatandatu kimenwa?
WABA warumvise umutingito w’isi ukomeye? Ntibishimisha na gato. Ushobora kubanzirizwa n’uguhinda gukomeye gukurikirwa n’igishitsi gikura umutima. Mu gihe umuntu yirukira mu bwihisho, nko munsi y’ameza, umutingito uba warushijeho kwiyongera. Hashobora kubaho n’igishitsi gitunguye kandi giteye ubwoba, gituma ibintu n’ibikoresho byo mu nzu bimeneka, ndetse n’amazu agasenyuka. Hari ubwo ibyononekaye biba bikabije kuba byinshi, kandi incuro nyinshi ibishitsi bikurikiyeho byungamo bikonona ibindi bintu, bityo bigasonga imbabare.
2 Tukibuka ibyo, reka dusuzume ibyo Yohana avuga mu gihe cyo kumena ikimenyetso cya gatandatu “Nuko mbon’ amen’ ikimenyetso cya gatandatu; habahw igishitsi cyinshi” (Ibyahishuwe 6:12a). Ibyo bigomba kubera rimwe n’ukumenwa kw’ibindi bimenyetso. Ni ikihe gihe rero cy’umunsi w’Umwami ibyo biberaho, kandi ni mutingito bwoko ki uvugwa?—Ibyahishuwe 1:10.
3. (a) Ni ibiki Yesu yahanuye mu buhanuzi bwerekeye ku kimenyetso cy’ukuhaba kwe? (b) Ni mu buhe buryo imitingito y’isi isanzwe ifitanye isano n’umutingito w’isi ukomeye w’ikigereranyo uvugwa mu Byahishuwe 6:12?
3 Incuro nyinshi Bibiliya ivuga imitingito y’isi isanzwe cyangwa mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo. Mu buhanuzi bwe bukomeye bwerekeye ku kimenyetso cy’ukuhaba kwe ari Umwami wimitswe, Yesu yamenyesheje ko hazabaho “ibishitsi hamwe na hamwe.” Ibyo byari kuzaba bimwe mu bigize “itangiriro ryo kuramukwa.” Kuva mu wa 1914, mu gihe abaturage b’isi biyongeraga cyane kugera kuri miliyari nyinshi z’abantu, imitingito y’isi yiyongereye mu buryo bugaragara ku byago byo mu gihe cyacu (Matayo 24:3, 7, 8). Ariko kandi, n’ubwo iyo mitingito isohoza ubuhanuzi bwa Yesu, yanateje ibyago bigaragara bitari mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo. Ibanziriza umutingito w’isi ukomeye mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo wavuzwe mu Byahishuwe 6:12. Uwo uzaba ari umutingito wa nyuma wa kirimbuzi uzabanzirizwa n’ibishitsi byiyungikanya bizatigisa gahunda y’ibintu n’abantu y’iyi si iyoborwa na Satani.a
Imitingito mu Muryango wa Kimuntu
4. (a) Ni ryari ubwoko bwa Yehova bwasobanukiwe ko ibyo bihe by’akaga byari gutangira mu wa 1914? (b) Umwaka wa 1914 wari kuranga iherezo ry’ibihe bihe?
4 Imyaka mike nyuma ya 1870, ubwoko bwa Yehova bwasobanukiwe ko ibihe by’akaga byari gutangira mu wa 1914 kandi bikanaranga iherezo ry’ibihe by’abanyamahanga. Icyo ni igihe cy’ “ibihe birindwi” (imyaka 2.520) gitangirana n’ukugwa k’Ubwami bwa Dawidi i Yerusalemu mu wa 607 mbere y’igihe cyacu, kikageza ku iyimikwa rya Yesu muri Yerusalemu yo mu ijuru, mu wa 1914 w’igihe cyacu.—Danieli 4:24, 25; Luka 21:24; Crampon 1905.b
5. (a) Ni ayahe magambo perezida wa mbere wa Sosayiti yavuze ku itariki ya 2 Ukwakira mu wa 1914? (b) Ni irihe hinduka rya gipolitiki ryabaye kuva mu wa 1914?
5 Bityo, mu gitondo cyo ku wa 2 Ukwakira 1914, ubwo C. T. Russell, perezida wa mbere wa Sosayiti Watch Tower yongeraga guhurira mu isengesho rya mugitondo n’umuryango wose wa Beteli y’i Brooklyn, New York, yavuze aya magambo atangaje ngo “Ibihe by’Abanyamahanga birarangiye, abami bagize igihe cyabo.” Kandi koko, ihinduka ry’isi yose ryatangiye mu wa 1914 ryagize intera nini ku buryo ubutegetsi bwinshi bwa cyami bwari bumaze igihe kirekire bwavuyeho. Uguhirikwa k’ubutegetsi bwa ba tsari (tsars) mu gihe cy’imyivumbagatanyo y’Ababolusheviki (Bolcheviques) yo mu wa 1917 kwaganishije ku makimbirane yo muri iki gihe hagati y’Ubumarigisisiti n’ubugapitalisiti. Imitingito igizwe n’uguhirikwa k’ubutegetsi bwa gipolitiki irakomeza guhungabanya umuryango wa kimuntu ku isi yose. Muri iki gihe, ubutegetsi bwinshi ntiburenza umwaka umwe cyangwa ibiri. Uko guhungabana kurangwa muri politiki kugaragara nko mu Butaliyani aho ubutegetsi bwahinduwe incuro 47 mu myaka 42 gusa nyuma y’Intambara ya kabiri y’isi yose. Nyamara, iyi mitingito ni intangiriro y’ihinduka rya nyuma ry’ubutegetsi. Ingaruka izaba iyihe? Ubwami bw’Imana ni bwo bwonyine buzategeka isi yose.—Yesaya 9:6, 7.
6. (a) H. G. Wells yavuze iby’igihe gishya kandi cy’ingenzi turimo mu yahe magambo? (b) Umunyabwenge bw’iyi si hamwe n’umutegetsi umwe banditse iki ku byerekeye igihe cyatangiye mu wa 1914?
6 Abanditsi b’amateka, abanyabwenge bw’iyi si (philosophes), n’abanyapolitiki bagaragaje ko, umwaka wa 1914 wabaye intangiriro y’igihe gishya kandi cy’ingenzi. Imyaka cumi n’irindwi nyuma y’icyo gihe Umwanditsi w’amateka H. G. Wells yaravuze ati “Umuhanuzi yakwishimira guhanura ibintu bishimishije. Ariko inshingano ye ni ukuvuga ibintu uko biri. [Dore ubu] arabona isi ikiri mu maboko y’abasirikare, abakabya mu kurwanira ishyaka ibihugu byabo, abanyunyuza imitsi ya rubanda; isi yuzuye amatiku n’urwangano, aho udusigisigi tw’uburenganzira bw’ikiremwa muntu dukendera vuba vuba; isi yitwara buhumyi. Igana ku gusubiranamo gukomeye guturuka ku busumbane bw’abantu n’izindi ntambara.” Mu wa 1953, umunyabwenge (philosophe) Bertrand Russell yanditse agira ati “Kuva mu wa 1914, buri wese ukurikirana amerekezo y’iyi si akurwa umutima cyane n’uko isa nk’aho iri mu rugendo rwagenewe kugana mu byago bikomeye. . . . Kuri bo ikiremwamuntu kimeze nk’igihangange kivugwa mu mugani uteye ubwoba w’Abagiriki, cyatsimbuwe n’imana zarakaye; kikaba kitakigenga imibereho yacyo.” Mu wa 1980, yongeye gutekereza ku mahoro yari ariho mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya 20, Harold Macmillan, umutegetsi w’Umwongereza, yaravuze ati “Byose byagendaga birushaho kuba byiza. Nguko uko igihe navukiyemo cyari kimeze. . . . maze mu gitondo kimwe cyo mu wa 1914, mu kanya gato kandi mu buryo butunguye, byose biba birarangiye.”
7-9. (a) Ni irihe hinduka ryahungabanyije umuryango wa kimuntu kuva mu wa 1914? (b) Ni mu yahe magambo ubuhanuzi bwa Yesu bwo muri Luka igice cya 21, buvugamo iryo hinduka n’ingaruka zaryo?
7 Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose yabaye imbarutso y’indi nkubi y’ihinduka. Kuva ubwo, intambara ntoya ntizahwemye guhubanganya isi mu gihe twegera iherezo ry’iki kinyejana. Ariko se gahunda y’ibintu y’ubu izageza icyo gihe? Ubwoba butewe n’irimbura ry’ibitwaro bya kirimbuzi butuma abantu benshi bibaza icyo kibazo. Igishimishije, igisubizo ntikigenwa n’umuntu, ahubwo kigenwa n’Umuremyi wenyine.—Yeremia 17:5.
8 Uretse intambara ariko, ibindi bintu byahungabanyije umuryango wa kimuntu kugeza mu mizi yawo kuva mu wa 1914. Urugero rw’ihinduka ryahungabanyije abantu cyane ryatewe no kugwa kw’isoko ry’ubukungu bw’Amerika ryabaye ku wa 29 Ukwakira 1929. Ryateje ingorane z’ubukungu zikomeye zageze ku bihugu byose by’ibigapitalisiti. Izo ngorane zageze ku ntera yo hejuru hagati ya 1932 na 1934, ariko kandi na n’ubu turacyagerwaho n’ingaruka zazo. Kuva mu wa 1929, isi irwaye mu by’ubukungu yomora ibikomere byayo ikoresheje imiti y’akanya gato. Za Leta zishora mu bihombo by’amafaranga. Ingorane za petroli zo mu wa 1973 n’uguhungabana rusange kw’agaciro k’amafaranga ko mu wa 1987 byarushijeho kuzahaza iby’ubukungu. Hagati aho, abantu bagera kuri za miriyoni bafata imyenda y’ibintu batabara. Abantu batabarika baba ibitambo by’uburiganya mu by’imari, n’uburyo bwo gucuruza bukandamiza abantu, kimwe na za tombora n’indi mikino y’amafaranga, imyinshi muri yo iba yateguwe n’ubutegetsi [kandi ari bwo] bwagombye kurinda abantu. Ndetse n’abapasitoro b’ababwirizabutumwa bo muri Kristendomu bigishiriza kuri televiziyo, basaba ibihembo bigera kuri za miriyoni z’amadolari!—Gereranya na Yeremia 5:26-31.
9 Mu gihe cyahise, ibibazo by’ubukungu byatumye Musolini na Hitileri bafata ubutegetsi. Babuloni Ikomeye ntiyatinze kubashakaho ubutoni, Vatikani igirana amasezerano n’Ubutaliyani mu wa 1929 n’Ubudage mu wa 1933 (Ibyahishuwe 17:5). Iminsi mibi yakurikiyeho yasohoje nta gushidikanya igice cy’ubuhanuzi bwa Yesu bwavugaga ko mu kimenyetso cy’ukuhaba kwe hari kuzabamo ‘amahanga ababara, abantu bakagushwa igihumure n’ubwoba no kwibwira ibyenda kuba mu isi’ (Luka 21:7-9, 25-31).c Bityo imitingito yatangiye guhungabanya abantu mu wa 1914 yakurikiwe n’ibindi bishitsi [na byo] bikaze.
Yehova Ateje Uguhungabana
10. (a) Kuki hariho ibyo bishitsi byose bihungabanya imirimo y’abantu? (b) Ni iki Yehova arimo akora, kandi agamije iki?
10 Ibyo bishitsi bihungabanya imirimo y’abantu biterwa n’uko umuntu ananirwa kwitunganyiriza intambwe ze (Yeremia 10:23). Byongeye kandi, Satani ya nzoka ya kera, “iyoby’ abari mw isi bose,” ateza abantu bose ibyago mu muhati we wa nyuma wo kubatesha gusenga Yehova. Ubuhanga mu by’inganda bwo muri iki gihe bwatumye isi ihinduka nk’umurenge muto, aho inzangano z’amoko n’izo kurwanira ishyaka ibihugu zihungabanya umuryango wa kimuntu kugeza mu mizi yawo, kandi aho Amahanga yitwa ko Yiyunze adashobora kubona umuti nyawo w’ibibazo. [Ubu] umuntu afite ububasha ku wundi bwo kumugirira nabi, kurenza ikindi gihe cyose (Ibyahishuwe 12:9, 12; Umubgiriza 8:9). Nyamara ariko, mu myaka 70 ishize Umutegetsi mukuru Umwami Yehova, Umuremyi w’ijuru n’isi, ateza uguhungabana mu buryo bwe kugira ngo akemure ibibazo by’isi mu buryo budasubirwaho. Abigenza ate?
11. (a) Ni ukuhe guhungabana kuvugwa muri Hagai 2:6, 7? (b) Ni mu buhe buryo ubuhanuzi bwa Hagai busohora?
11 Muri Hagai 2:6, 7, turasoma ngo “Nuk’ Uwiteka [Yehova, MN] nyir’ingabo aravug’ ati: Hasigay’ igihe gito, ngatigis’ ijuru n’isi n’inyanja n’ubutaka; kandi nzahindish’ amahanga yos’ umushitsi, n’ibyifuzwa n’amahanga yose bizaza, kand’ iyi nzu nzayuzuzamw ubgiza, ni k’ Uwiteka [Yehova, MN] nyir’ingabo avuga.” Guhera cyane cyane mu wa 1919, Yehova atera abahamya be gutangaza amateka ye ku bantu b’inzego zose bo ku isi. Umuteguro wo ku isi wa Satani uhungabanywa kandi ugatigiswa n’uwo muburo utangwa ku isi yose.d Uko uwo muburo urushaho gukaza umurego, abantu batinya Imana, “ibyifuzwa,” batandukanywa n’amahanga. Si ukuvuga ko bivanirwamo n’ibishitsi ubwabyo biri mu muteguro wa Satani. Ahubwo iyo bamaze gutahura uko byifashe, biyemeza ubwabo kwifatanya n’itsinda rya Yohana ryasizwe n’umwuka kugira ngo buzuze inzu ya Yehova ikuzo. Babigenza bate? Babwirizanya umwete ubutumwa bwiza bw’Ubwami bw’Imana ubu bwamaze gushyirwaho (Matayo 24:14). Ubwo bwami, bugizwe na Yesu n’abigishwa be basizwe, buzakomeza kuba “ubgami butabasha kunyeganyezwa,” ku bw’ikuzo rya Yehova.—Abaheburayo 12:26-29.
12. Niba mwaratangiye gutega amatwi ukubwiriza kuvugwa muri Matayo 24:14, ni iki mugomba gukora mbere y’uko habaho umutingito w’isi ukomeye uvugwa mu Byahishuwe 6:12?
12 Mbese, uri umwe mu batangiye gutega amatwi uko kubwiriza? Waba uri mu bantu amamiriyoni n’amamiriyoni bagiye bifatanya mu Rwibutso rw’urupfu rwa Yesu mu myaka ya vuba aha? Niba ari ko biri, komeza ugire amajyambere mu kwiga ukuri kwa Bibiliya. (2 Timoteo 2:15; 3:16, 17). Reka burundu imibereho yanduye y’umuteguro wo ku isi waciriweho iteka, uyoborwa na Satani. Injira mu muryango wa Gikristo w’isi nshya maze wifatanye byuzuye mu murimo ukorwa na wo mbere y’uko ‘umutingito w’isi’ ukaze wa nyuma utsembaho isi ya Satani. Ariko se uwo mutingito w’isi ukomeye ni iki?
Igishitsi Cyinshi!
13. Ni mu buhe buryo umutingito w’isi ukomeye ari ikintu gishya rwose ku bantu?
13 Nk’uko twamaze kubibona, iminsi y’imperuka iruhije turimo yaranzwe n’imitingito y’isi, isanzwe cyangwa y’ikigereranyo (2 Timoteo 3:1). Ariko nta na kimwe muri ibyo bishitsi cyaba ari cyo wa mutingito w’isi ukomeye kandi wa nyuma Yohana abona igihe ikimenyetso cya gatandatu kimenwa. Igihe cy’ibishitsi by’ibanze cyararangiye. Ubu noneho hariho umutingito w’isi ukomeye utarigeze ubaho mu bantu. Urakomeye cyane ku buryo imivurungano n’ibishitsi biterwa na wo bidashobora gupimwa ku gipimo cya Rishita (Richter) cyangwa ku kindi gipimo icyo ari cyo cyose cyahimbwe n’umuntu. Icyo si igishitsi cyoroheje cyo mu karere kamwe, ahubwo ni umutingito wa kirimbuzi utsemba “isi” yose, ni ukuvuga abantu bose b’inkozi z’ibibi.
14. (a) Ni ubuhe buhanuzi buvuga umutingito w’isi ukomeye n’ingaruka zawo? (b) Ubuhanuzi bwa Yoeli n’ubw’Ibyahishuwe 6:12, 13 bugomba kuba bwerekeza ku bihe bintu?
14 Abandi bahanuzi ba Yehova bahanuye uwo mutingito w’isi n’ingaruka zawo za kirimbuzi. Urugero, ahagana mu mwaka wa 820 mbere y’igihe cyacu, Yoeli yavuze iby’ ‘ukuza k’umunsi wa Yehova, ukomeye kandi uteye ubwoba.’ Yavuze ko icyo gihe ‘izuba rizahinduka umwijima, n’ukwezi kuzahinduka amaraso.’ Nyuma y’aho, yongeyeho aya magambo ngo “Dor’ inteko, inteko nyinshi ziri mu gikombe cyo guciramw imanza! Kuk’ umunsi w’Uwiteka [Yehova, MN] wo guciramw iteka mu gikombe cy’imanza uri hafi. Izuba rirazimye, n’ukwezi kurijimye, n’inyenyeri ziretse kumurika. Uwiteka [Yehova, MN] azīvuga ar’ i Sioni, arangurur’ ijwi ar’ i Yerusalemu; ijuru n’isi bizatigita; arik’ Uwiteka [Yehova, MN] azaber’ ubgoko bge ubuhungiro, aber’ Abisiraeli igihome” (Yoeli 2:31; 3:14-16). Uko guhungabana nta kindi kwerekezaho kitari ku guca amateka kwa Yehova mu gihe cy’umubabaro ukomeye (Matayo 24:21). Bigomba rero kuba ari na ko bimeze ku nkuru isa nk’iyo iri mu Byahishuwe 6:12, 13.—Reba nanone Yeremia 10:10; Zefania 1:14, 15.
15. Ni ukuhe guhungabana gukomeye kwahanuwe n’umuhanuzi Habakuki?
15 Imyaka 200 nyuma ya Yoeli, umuhanuzi Habakuki yasenze Imana ye muri aya magambo ngo “Uwiteka [Yehova, MN] we, numvis’ inkuru zawe, zinter’ ubgoba: Uwiteka [Yehova, MN] we, hembur’ umurimo wawe hagati yo mur’iyi myaka; . . . ujy’uwumenyesha; mu burakari wibuke kubabarira.” Ubwo “burakari” bwaba ari ubuhe? Habakuki arakomeza arondora mu buryo butangaje iby’umubabaro ukomeye. Aravuga kuri Yehova ati “Irahagarara, iger’ urugero rw’isi; iritegereza, itataniriz’ amahanga hirya no hino; . . . Watambagiy’ igihugu ufit’ umujinya mwinshi; uhondaguz’ amahang’ uburakari. Nta kabuza ko nishiman’ Uwiteka [Yehova, MN], nkanezererwa mu Mana y’agakiza kanjye” (Habakuki 3:1, 2, 6, 12, 18). Mbega uguhungabana gukomeye Yehova azateza kw’isi yose igihe azahondagura amahanga!
16. (a) Dukurikije ubuhanuzi bwa Ezekieli, ni iki kizabaho igihe Satani azagabiza ubwoko bw’Imana igitero cye cya nyuma? (b) Ingaruka y’umutingito ukomeye uvugwa mu Byahishuwe 6:12 izaba iyihe?
16 Ezekieli na we yahanuye ko igihe Gogi wa Magogi (Satani wacishijwe bugufi) azagaba igitero cye cya nyuma ku bwoko bw’Imana, Yehova azateza “igishitsi gikomeye mu gihugu cy’Isiraeli” (Ezekieli 38:18, 19). Wenda hazabaho imitingito nyayo icyo gihe, ariko ntitwibagirwe ko Ibyahishuwe byerekanwa mu bimenyetso. Ubwo buhanuzi n’ubundi bwavuzwe haruguru bufite imiterere ihambaye y’ikigereranyo. Ku bw’ibyo, ukumenwa kw’ikimenyetso cya gatandatu gusa nk’aho gutangaza indunduro y’ibishitsi byose bihungabanya gahunda y’ibintu y’ubu yo ku isi, umutingito w’isi ukomeye uzarimburirwamo abantu bose barwanya ubutegetsi bw’ikirenga bwa Yehova Imana.
Igihe cy’Umwijima
17. Umutingito w’isi ukomeye ufite ngaruka ki ku zuba, ku kwezi no ku nyenyeri?
17 Nk’uko Yohana abyerekana ubu, umutingito w’isi ukomeye ujyana n’ibintu biteye ubwoba bigera ndetse no mw’ijuru. Aravuga ati “Izuba rirīrabura nk’ikigunira kiboheshejw’ ubgoya; ukwezi kose guhinduka nk’amaraso; inyenyeri zo mw ijuru zigwa hasi, nk’uk’ umutini, iy’ unyeganyegejwe n’umuyaga mwinshi, uragarik’ imbuto zawo zidahishije” (Ibyahishuwe 6:12b, 13). Mbega ukuntu bitangaje! Ni indunduro y’igihe cy’ibyago Yesu yari yarahanuye mbere muri Matayo 24:29. Muratekereza umwijima uteye ubwoba watwikira isi ubwo bahanuzi buramutse bwuzuye nk’uko buvuzwe uko? Hehe n’urumuri rw’izuba ruzana ubushyuhe rukanagarura ubuyanja! Hehe n’umucyo mwiza w’ukwezi kubengerana nijoro! N’uduhumbagiza tw’inyenyeri ntitwakongera kurabagirana mu gisenge cyiza cy’ijuru. Twaba turoshywe mu mwijima ukonje kandi udacengerwamo.
18. Ni mu buhe buryo umuntu yavuga ko ‘ijuru ryabaye umwijima’ kuri Yerusalemu mu wa 607 mbere y’igihe cyacu?
18 Isirayeli ya kera yari yaraburiwe ko izagerwaho n’umwijima nk’uwo mu buryo bw’umwuka. Yeremia yayihaye uyu muburo: ‘Igihugu cyose kizaba amatongo: Ariko se sinzagitsembaho rwose? Ni cyo kizatera isi kuboroga, n’ijuru hejuru rikabamo umwijima’ (Yeremia 4:27, 28). Igihe ubwo buhanuzi bwasohoraga, mu wa 607 mbere y’igihe cyacu, ibintu byarijimye rwose ku bwoko bwa Yehova. Umurwa mukuru wabwo, Yerusalemu, waguye mu maboko y’Abanyababuloni. Urusengero rwabwo rwarasenywe n’igihugu cyabwo kiratabwa. Nta rumuri na ruke ruva mu ijuru rwaje kubuhumuriza. Ahubwo, byose byabaye nk’uko Yeremia yari yarabibwiranye Yehova agahinda ati “Watumiramirijeh’ uburakari bgawe, uraduhiga; waratwishe, ntiwatubabarira. Wikingiy’ igicu, kugira ngo gusenga kwacu kudahita, ngo kukugereho” (Amaganya 3:43, 44). Kuri Yerusalemu, ukwijima kw’ijuru kwashushanyaga urupfu no kurimbuka.
19. (a) Umuhanuzi w’Imana, Yesaya yavuze iby’umwijima wabaye mu ijuru rya Babuloni ya kera mu yahe magambo? (b) Ni ryari kandi ni gute ubuhanuzi bwa Yesaya bwasohoye?
19 Nyuma y’aho, mu ijuru haboneka umwijima nk’uwo washushanyaga ibyago kuri Babuloni ya kera. Kuri iyo ngingo, Imana yahumekeye umuhanuzi wayo kugira ngo yandike ati “Dore umunsi w’Uwiteka [Yehova, MN] uraje, uzazan’ uburakari bg’inkazi n’umujinya mwinshi, uhindur’ igihugu imyirare, urimbure n’abanyabyaha bo muri cyo bagishiremo. Inyenyeri zo mw ijuru n’ubukaga bgazo ntibizaka, izuba rizijima rikirasa, n’ukwezi ntikuzav’ umwezi wako. Nzahan’ ab’isi mbahōr’ ibyo bakoze bibi, n’abanyabyaha nzabahana mbahora gukiranirwa kwabo; nzamarah’ ubgibone bg’abibone, n’agasuzuguro k’abanyagitinyiro nzagacisha bugufi” (Yesaya 13:9-11). Ubwo buhanuzi bwasohoye mu wa 539 mbere y’igihe cyacu, igihe Babuloni yagwaga mu maboko y’Abamedi n’Abaperesi. Buvuga birambuye iby’ukwijima, ukwiheba, ukubura kw’urumuri urwo ari rwo rwose ruhumuriza, byageze kuri Babuloni igihe yakurwaga burundu ku mwanya wayo w’ubutegetsi bw’igihangange ku isi.
20. Ni irihe herezo riteye ubwoba rizagera kuri gahunda y’ibintu y’ubu igihe umutingito w’isi ukomeye uzaba?
20 Mu buryo nk’ubwo, igihe umutingito w’isi ukomeye uzaba, gahunda yose y’ibintu y’ubu izarohwa burundu mu mwijima w’icuraburindi. Ibitanga umucyo birabagirana by’umuteguro wa Satani wo ku isi ntibizongera gutanga umurasire n’umwe w’icyizere. Muri iki gihe, birazwi ko abayobozi ba gipolitiki, n’aba Kristendomu cyane cyane, ari abantu bononekaye, abanyabinyoma, kandi biyandarika (Yesaya 28:14-19). Ntawe ushobora kongera kubagirira icyizere. Urumuri rwabo rukendera ruzazima burundu igihe Yehova azaca amateka ye. Bizaba bigaragajwe ko uruhare rwabo mu by’isi, rugereranywa n’urw’ukwezi, ari rwo rutuma amaraso ameneka kandi rukanateza urupfu. “Inyenyeri” zabo z’isi zizazima, nka za kibonumwe iyo zigeze ku isi. Zizanyanyagizwa nk’imbuto z’umutini zitarahisha zihubujwe n’umuyaga mwinshi. Isi yose izahungabanywa n’ “umubabaro mwinshi, utigeze kubaho uhereye ku kuremwa kw’isi ukageza none, kandi ntuzongera kubaho” (Matayo 24:21). Mbega ibintu bizaba biteye ubwoba!
“Ijuru” Rikuweho
21. Ni iki Yohana abona mu iyerekwa rye gifitanye isano n’ “ijuru” n’ “imisozi yose n’ibirwa byose”?
21 Iyerekwa rya Yohana rirakomeza ritya “Ijuru rikurwaho, nk’uko bazing’ igitabo cy’umuzingo; imisozi yose n’ibirwa byose bikurw’ ahantu habyo” (Ibyahishuwe 6:14). Uko bigaragara, aha ntihavugwa ijuru, imisozi cyangwa ibirwa nyabyo. None se ibyo bishushanya iki?
22. Muri Edomu, ni ubuhe bwoko bw’ “ijuru” ‘bwazinzwe nk’umuzingo w’impapuro’?
22 Biratworohera kurushaho gusobanukirwa icyo “ijuru” rishushanya nidusuzuma ubuhanuzi nk’ubwo buhereranye n’umujinya Yehova afitiye amahanga yose: “Ingabo zo mw ijuru zose zizacikamw igikuba, n’ijuru rizazingwa nk’umuzingo w’impapuro” (Yesaya 34:4). Igihugu cya Edomu, cyagombaga kubabazwa mu buryo bwihariye. Mu buhe buryo? Cyasenywe n’Abanyababuloni nyuma ho gato y’irimburwa rya Yerusalemu ryabaye mu wa 607 mbere y’igihe cyacu. Nyamara, nta nkuru n’imwe yerekana ko hari ibintu bitangaje byabaye mu ijuru nyaryo icyo gihe. Ahubwo, ibyago bikomeye byabaye “mw ijuru” rya Edomu.e Abayobozi bayo b’abantu bakuwe mu mwanya wabo wo mu rwego rwo hejuru, ugereranywa n’ijuru (Yesaya 34:5). Mu buryo runaka babaye ‘nk’abazinzwe’ maze bashyirwa iruhande, nk’umuzingo ushaje utakigize uwo ufitiye akamaro.
23. Ni irihe ‘juru’ rigomba ‘gukurwaho nk’igitabo cy’umuzingo,’ kandi ibyo byemezwa n’ayahe magambo ya Petero?
23 Bityo, “ijuru” rigomba ‘gukurwaho nk’igitabo cy’umuzingo’ ni ubutegetsi burwanya Imana butegeka ku isi. Buzakurwaho burundu n’Umunyafarashi utaneshwa ugendera ku ifarashi y’umweru (Ibyahishuwe 19:11-16, 19-21). Ibyo byemezwa n’aya magambo y’intumwa Petero, wari utegerezanyije amatsiko ibintu byahishuwe igihe ikimenyetso cya gatandatu kimenwa, ariyo aya: “Arikw ijuru n’isi bya none, . . . ryabibikiy’ umurir’ uzatera ku munsi w’amateka, urimbur’ abatubah’ Imana” (2 Petero 3:7). Ariko se umuntu yasobanukirwa ate aya magambo ngo “Imisozi yose n’ibirwa byose bikurw’ ahantu habyo.”
24. (a) Ni ku bihe bihe ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya, bwerekezaho iyo buvuga ko imisozi n’ibirwa bitigita cyangwa bihungabana? (b) Ni mu buhe buryo umuntu yavuga ko ‘imisozi yatigise’ igihe cy’ukugwa kwa Ninewe?
24 Ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya buvuga ko imisozi n’ibirwa bitigita cyangwa bihungabana mu buryo runaka mu gihe cy’ihinduka rikomeye rya gipolitiki. Urugero, igihe yamenyeshaga amateka ya Yehova kuri Ninewe, umuhanuzi Nahumu yaranditse ati “Imisoz’ iratigitir’ imbere ye, n’udusozi turayenga; kand’ is’ iterurirw’ imbere ye” (Nahumu 1:5). Nta nkuru n’imwe yerekana ko imisozi iyi tuzi yatengaguritse igihe cy’ukugwa kwa Ninewe, mu wa 632 mbere y’igihe cyacu. Ahubwo, igihangange cy’isi mbere cyasaga nk’aho gikomeye nk’umusozi cyarindimutse mu buryo butunguye.—Gereranya na Yeremia 4:24.
25. Igihe cy’iherezo ryegereje rya gahunda y’ibintu y’ubu, ni gute “imisozi yose n’ibirwa byose” bizakurwa ahabyo?
25 Ku bw’ibyo, “imisozi yose n’ibirwa byose” byavuzwe igihe ikimenyetso cya gatandatu kimenwa, mu by’ukuri bigomba kuba ari ubutegetsi bwa gipolitiki n’imiteguro y’iyi si iyoborwa na bwo, ibyo ku bantu benshi bikaba bisa nk’aho bidashobora kujegajega. Bizahungabanywa, bikurwe ahabyo, ababyiringiraga bashoberwe. Nk’uko ubuhanuzi bubigaragaza ubu, ntibizashidikanywa ko umunsi ukomeye w’umujinya wa Yehova n’uw’Umwana we—[ari wo] mutingito wa nyuma uzatsembaho umuteguro wose wa Satani—uzaba usohoye!
‘Nimutugweho, Muduhishe’
26. Ni iki abantu barwanya ubutegetsi bw’Imana bazakora, kandi bakakivugana ubwoba bwinshi?
26 Yohana arakomeza agira ati “Abami bo mw isi n’abatware bakomeye n’abatware b’ingabo n’abatunzi n’ab’ububasha n’imbata zose n’ab’umudendezo bose bīhisha mu mavumo no mu bitare byo ku misozi; babgir’ imisozi n’ibitare bati: Nimutugweho, muduhish’ amaso y’Iyicaye kur’iriya ntebe n’umujinya w’Umwana w’Intama; kuk’ umuns’ ukomeye w’umujinya wab’usohoye, kandi ni nd’ubasha guhagarar’ adatsinzwe?”—Ibyahishuwe 6:15-17.
27. Abisirayeli b’abahemu b’i Samaria bateye uruhe rusaku, kandi ayo magambo yasohoye ate?
27 Igihe Hosea yatangazaga uguca amateka kwa Yehova kuri Samaria, umurwa mukuru w’ubwami bw’amajyaruguru bwa Isirayeli, yaravuze ati “Ingoro zo mw Aveni, ari zo gicumuro cy’Isiraeli, zizasenywa: amahwa n’ibitovu bizamera ku bicaniro byaho; ni bgo bazabgir’ imisozi miremire bati: Nimudutwikīre; n’iyindi iringaniye bati: Nimutugwire” (Hosea 10:8). Ayo magambo yasohoye ate? Igihe Samaria yagwaga mu maboko y’Abashuri b’abagome, mu wa 740 mbere y’igihe cyacu, Abisirayeli nta buhungiro bari bafite. Ayo magambo ya Hosea agaragaza ibyiyumvo ubwo bwoko bwari bufite: bwari bwarihebye, bwarakutse umutima, kandi bwumvaga bwararetswe. Imisozi iyi tuzi hamwe n’inzego z’ubutegetsi za Samaria zigereranywa na yo ntibyashoboye kubarinda, n’ubwo mu bihe byahise byasaga nk’aho bitajegajega.
28. (a) Ni uwuhe muburo Yesu yahaye abagore b’i Yerusalemu? (b) Ni gute umuburo wa Yesu wagaragaye ko ari uwo ukuri?
28 Mu buryo nk’ubwo, igihe Yesu ajyanwa n’abasirikare b’Abaroma aho yari kwicirwa, yabwiye abagore b’i Yerusalemu ati “Kukw imins’ izaza bazavuga bati, Hahirw’ ingumba n’inda zitabyaye n’amaber’ atonkeje. Ni bgo bazatangira kubgir’ imisozi bati, Nimutugwire; babgire n’udusozi bati, Nimudutwikire” (Luka 23:29, 30). Mu mateka harimo byinshi bihamya iby’isenywa rya Yerusalemu ryakozwe n’Abaroma mu mwaka wa 70, kandi uko bigaragara amagambo ya Yesu yasobanurwaga kimwe n’aya Hosea. Abayahudi bari barasigaye i Yudaya ntibashoboye kubona aho bahungira. Aho bagerageje kwihisha hose muri Yerusalemu, ndetse n’igihe bahungiye mu gihome cy’i Masada cyari cyubatswe mu mpinga y’umusozi, ntabwo bashoboye kurokoka isohozwa ry’ugucirwaho iteka na Yehova.
29. (a) Umunsi w’umujinya wa Yehova nusohora, abashyigikira gahunda y’ibintu y’ubu bazamera bate? (b) Ni ubuhe buhanuzi bwa Yesu buzasohora igihe Yehova azerekana umujinya We?
29 Ukumenwa kw’ikimenyetso cya gatandatatu kuragaragaza ko ibintu nk’ibyo bizaba mu gihe cy’umunsi w’umujinya wa Yehova ubu wegereje. Igihe gahunda y’ibintu y’ubu yo ku isi izagerwaho n’uguhungabana kwayo kwa nyuma, abayishyigikiye bazashaka aho bihisha bihebye, ariko ntibazahabona. Ntibazongera kwiringira ukundi idini y’ikinyoma, Babuloni Ikomeye. Amavumo yo mu misozi iyi tuzi cyangwa imisozi y’ikigereranyo ari yo miteguro ya gipolitiki n’iy’ibucuruzi ntibizabazanira umutekano mu by’ubukungu cyangwa ubundi bufasha ubwo ari bwo bwose. Nta kizabarinda umujinya wa Yehova. Yesu yavuze neza iby’ubwoba bwabo muri aya magambo ngo “Ubgo ni bg’ ikimenyetso cy’Umwana, w’umuntu kizabonekera mw ijuru, n’amoko yose yo mw isi ni bg’ azaboroga, abony’ Umwana w’umunt’ aje ku bicu byo mw ijuru, afit’ ubushobozi n’ubgiza bginshi.”—Matayo 24:30.
30. (a) Ikibazo ngo “Ni nd’ ubasha guhagarar’ adatsinzwe” cyumvikanisha iki? (b) Mbese, hari n’umwe uzashobora guhagarara adatsinzwe igihe cy’uguca amateka kwa Yehova?
30 Ni koko, abanga kugandukira ubutware bw’Uwanesheje ugendera ku ifarashi y’umweru, byanze bikunze bazemera ko bibeshye. Abantu bari mu rubyaro rw’Inzoka ku bushake bwabo bazarimbuka igihe isi ya Satani izashira (Itangiriro 3:15; 1 Yohana 2:17). Uko ibintu byo ku isi bizaba byifashe muri icyo gihe bizatuma benshi babaza bati “Ni nd’ ubasha guhagarar’ adatsinzwe?” Uko bigaragara bazibwira ko nta n’umwe ushobora guhagarara adatsinzwe imbere ya Yehova kuri uwo munsi w’amateka. Ariko bazaba bibeshya, nk’uko igitabo cy’Ibyahishuwe kigiye gukomeza kibyerekana.
[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]
a Akenshi imitingito y’isi, ibanzirizwa n’ihindagurika ry’imiterere y’ubutaka. Iyo imbwa zibyumvise ziramoka cyangwa zikagwa nabi na ho izindi nyamaswa zo ku butaka cyangwa mu mazi zikabura ibyicaro. Abantu bo bashobora kutagira icyo bumva kugeza ubwo igishitsi kije.—Reba Réveillez-vous! yo ku wa 8 Ukwakira 1982, ku ipaji 14.
b Ku byerekeye ubusobanuro burambuye, reba ku mapaji 22, 24.
c Mu myaka irenga 35, kuva mu wa 1895 kugeza mu wa 1931, amagambo ari muri Luka 21:25, 28, 31 yandikwaga ku gifubiko cy’igazeti y’Umunara w’Umurinzi (mu Cyongereza). Hejuru yayo hari hashushanyijeho itara rimurikira mu bicu byijimye biri hejuru y’inyanja izikuka.
d Urugero, muri kampeni idasanzwe yakozwe mu wa 1931, Abahamya ba Yehova ubwabo bagejeje ku bakuru b’amadini, ku bayobozi ba gipolitiki n’abacuruzi bo ku isi yose, ibihumbi byinshi by’agatabo, The Kingdom, the Hope of the World (Le royaume, espérance du monde).
e Ikoreshwa nk’iryo ry’ijambo “ijuru,” riboneka mu buhanuzi bwa Yesaya 65:17, 18 bwerekeye ku “ijuru rishya.” Ubwo buhanuzi bwasohoye ubwa mbere nyuma y’itahuka ry’Abayahudi bava i Babuloni mu bunyage, ubwo mu gihugu cy’isezerano hashyirwagaho ubutegetsi bushya n’umutware Zerubabeli hamwe n’umutambyi mukuru Yoshua.—2 Ibyo ku Ngoma 36:23; Ezira 5:1, 2; Yesaya 44:28.
1914 Umwaka Wari Waravuzwe
“Mu wa 606 mbere y’igihe cyacu, ni ho ubwami bw’Imana bwarangiye, ikamba ry’ubwami rikurwaho kandi isi yose igabizwa Abanyamahanga. Igihe cy’imyaka 2520 cyatangiye mu wa 606 mbere y’igihe cyacu kizarangira mu wa 1914 mu gihe cyacu.”f—The Three Worlds (Les trois mondes) igitabo cyasohotse mu Cyongereza mu wa 1877, ku ipaji ya 83.
“Muri Bibiliya dufitemo ubuhamya bwumvikana kandi bukomeye bwemeza ko ‘Ibihe by’Abanyamahanga’ bingana n’igihe cy’imyaka 2520, kuva mu mwaka 606 mbere y’igihe cyacu kugeza mu mwaka wa 1914 mu gihe cyacu”—Studies in the Scriptures (Etudes des Ecritures), Igitabo cya II, cyanditswe na C. T. Russell, gisohoka mu Cyongereza mu wa 1889, ku ipaji ya 76 y’umwandiko w’Igifaransa.
Charles Taze Russell n’abandi Bigishwa ba Bibiliya bagenzi be, basobanukiwe mbere y’igihe ko umwaka wa 1914 uzaranga iherezo ry’ibihe by’abanyamahanga, cyangwa ibihe byagenwe by’amahanga (Luka 21:24). N’ubwo icyo gihe cya mbere batasobanukirwaga byuzuye icyo ibyo byajyaga gusobanura, ariko bari bazi ko 1914 uzaba umwaka w’ihinduka mu mateka y’isi, kandi koko ntibibeshye. Urugero ni aya magambo y’ikinyamakuru akurikira:
“Intambara iteye ubwoba imaze gushozwa mu Burayi iruzuza ubuhanuzi butangaje. Hashize imyaka 25, ‘Umuryango Mpuzamahanga w’Abigishwa ba Bibiliya,’ bazwi neza mu izina ry’ ‘Abanyamuseso b’Ubwami bw’imyaka igihumbi,’ batangiye gutangariza isi, binyuriye ku babwiriza no mu binyamakuru, ko Umunsi w’Uburakari wahanuwe muri Bibiliya wari gutamuruka mu wa 1914. ‘Mwitondere umwaka wa 1914!’ iryo jwi ryaranguruwe n’ababwirizabutumwa amagana.”—The World, ikinyamakuru cy’i New York, 30 Kanama 1914.
[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]
f Igishimishije, abo Bigishwa ba Bibiliya ntibari bagasobanukirwa ko hagati ya “mbere y’igihe cyacu” n’ “igihe cyacu” hatarimo umwaka wa zeru. Nyuma y’aho, igihe ubushakashatsi bwagaragazaga ko imyaka 2520 igomba gutangira mu wa 607 mbere y’igihe cyacu aho kuba mu wa 606 mbere y’igihe cyacu, umwaka wa zeru na wo wahise ukurwaho, ku buryo ubuhanuzi bwerekeye ku “mwaka 1914 w’igihe cyacu” bwari bugifite agaciro kabwo.—Reba “La vérité nous affranchira,” cyasohotse mu Cyongereza mu wa 1943 na Sosayiti Watch Tower, ku ipaji ya 220 y’umwandiko w’Igifaransa.
[Agasanduku ko ku ipaji ya 106]
1914—Ihinduka mu Mateka
Mu gitabo Politikens Verdenshistorie—Historiens Magt og Mening (Amateka y’Isi ya Politikens—Ubushobozi n’Ubusobanuro by’Amateka), cyasohotse mu wa 1987 i Copenhague, ku ipaji ya 40 hasomwa ibi bikurikira:
“Icyizere cy’amajyambere cyarangaga ikinyejana cya 19 cyaburiyemo mu wa 1914. Mu mwaka wabanjirije intambara, Peter Munch, umwanditsi w’amateka n’umunyapolitiki w’umudanwa yandikanye icyizere agira ati ‘Ibihamya bigaragaza ko nta ntambara ishobora kuba hagati y’ibihugu bikomeye byo mu Burayi. “No gutekereza ko yashobora kubaho” bizageraho bishire, nk’uko byagiye bigenda kuva mu wa 1871.’
“Nyamara ariko, dore uko uwo mugabo yanditse nyuma y’aho mu bitabo bye: ‘Intambara yatangiye mu wa 1914 ni ihinduka rikomeye mu mateka y’abantu. Twasohotse mu gihe kinejeje cy’amajyambere, aho umuntu yashoboraga kwikorera imirimo ye mu mutekano uhagije, twinjira mu gihe cy’ibyago, ubwoba bukabije n’urwangano aho ukubura umutekano kwiganje. Nta n’umwe washoboye kuvuga, kandi n’ubu nta washobora kumenya niba [ibihe by’]umwijima byatuguye gitumo uwo mwaka bizageza ku irimbuka rya nyuma ryuzuye ry’amajyambere abantu bagezeho mu myaka ibihumbi n’ibihumbi.’”
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 110]
‘Imisozi yose yakuwe ahantu hayo’
[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 111]
Bihishe mu mavumo