Itegeko rya zahabu​—Inyigisho iboneka ku isi hose

“Nuko ibyo mushaka ko abantu babagirira byose, mube ari ko mubagirira namwe.”—Matayo 7:12.

AYO magambo yavuzwe na Yesu Kristo mu Kibwiriza cye cyo ku Musozi kizwi cyane, ubu hakaba hashize imyaka igera hafi ku bihumbi bibiri. Mu binyejana byakurikiyeho, abantu bagiye bavuga kandi bandika byinshi kuri ayo magambo asobanutse neza. Urugero, hari abagiye bayashimagiza bavuga ko ari “ikintu cy’ingenzi cyane kigize Ibyanditswe,” ko ari “incamake y’inshingano Umukristo afite kuri mugenzi we,” kandi ko ari “ihame mbwirizamuco ry’ingenzi kurusha ayandi.” Ayo magambo yaramamaye cyane ku buryo akenshi bayerekezaho bavuga ko ari Itegeko rya Zahabu.

Ariko kandi, igitekerezo cy’Itegeko rya Zahabu, ntitugisanga mu bitwa ko ari Abakristo bonyine. Idini rya Kiyahudi, irya Bouddha na filozofiya ya Kigiriki, byose byagiye bigerageza gusobanura uko kuri rusange mu birebana n’umuco mu buryo bwinshi bunyuranye. Amagambo azwi na benshi, cyane cyane ku bantu bo mu Burasirazuba bwa Aziya, ni ayavuzwe na Confucius, wubahwa cyane mu Burasirazuba, akubahirwa ko ari we munyabwenge akaba n’umwigisha ukomeye kuruta abandi. Mu gitabo cyitwa The Analects gikubiyemo ibyo yagiye avuga, akaba ari igitabo cya gatatu mu bitabo bine byanditswe na Confucius, dusangamo icyo gitekerezo cyavuzwe incuro eshatu. Mu gusubiza ibibazo by’abanyeshuri be, incuro ebyiri Confucius yagize ati “icyo udashaka ko bagukorera, nawe ntukagikorere abandi.” Ikindi gihe, ubwo umunyeshuri we witwaga Zigong yirariraga agira ati “ibyo ntashaka ko abandi bankorera, nanjye sinshaka kubibakorera,” umwigisha yamushubije amagambo yamuteye kwibaza agira ati “byari byo, ariko ibyo nturabasha kubikora.”

Mu gihe umuntu asoma ayo magambo, ashobora kubona ko ibyo Confucius yavuze ari ikinyuranyo cy’ibyo Yesu yaje kuvuga nyuma y’aho. Itandukaniro rigaragara ni uko Itegeko rya Zahabu ryavuzwe na Yesu risaba ko umuntu akorera abandi ibikorwa bifatika byo kubagirira neza. Tuvuge ko abantu bakora ibihuje n’amagambo meza yavuzwe na Yesu, bakita ku bandi, bagafata iya mbere kugira ngo babafashe, kandi bakagengwa n’iryo hame buri munsi. Mbese, utekereza ko ibyo byatuma isi irushaho kuba ahantu heza? Nta gushidikanya.

Iryo tegeko ryaba rivuzwe mu buryo bwo gufata iya mbere mu gufasha abandi, mu buryo bunyuranye n’ubwo cyangwa se ubundi buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose, icy’ingenzi ni uko abantu bo mu bihe binyuranye no mu turere dutandukanye kandi bakuriye mu mimerere inyuranye cyane, bagiye biringira cyane igitekerezo gikubiye mu Itegeko rya Zahabu. Ibyo byonyine bigaragaza ko ibyo Yesu yavuze mu Kibwiriza cye cyo ku Musozi, ari inyigisho iboneka ku isi hose igira ingaruka ku buzima bw’abantu aho bari hose mu bihe byose.

Ibaze uti ‘mbese, nakwishimira kugaragarizwa icyubahiro, nta kurobanura ku butoni kandi mu buryo buzira umugayo? Mbese, nakwishimira kuba mu isi itarangwamo urwikekwe rushingiye ku moko, ubugizi bwa nabi n’intambara? Mbese, nakwishimira kuba mu muryango aho abantu bose bagaragaza ko bita ku byiyumvo by’abandi no ku cyatuma bamererwa neza?’ Mu by’ukuri se, ni nde wavuga ko atifuza ibyo bintu? Ukuri kuriho kudahinduka, ni uko abantu bake cyane ari bo bari mu mimerere nk’iyo. Ku bantu benshi, nta n’ubwo biringira ko ibintu nk’ibyo bizabaho.

Itegeko rya Zahabu Ryarahindanyijwe

Mu mateka yose, hagiye habaho ibikorwa by’ubugizi bwa nabi byakorewe abantu, muri ibyo bikorwa uburenganzira bw’abaturage bukaba bwarirengagijwe burundu. Ibyo byaha bikubiyemo icuruzwa ry’abacakara bakurwaga muri Afurika, ibigo ishyaka rya Nazi ryiciragamo abantu, abana bakoreshwa imirimo y’uburetwa hamwe n’itsembabwoko rirangwa ­n’ubugome ryakozwe mu turere twinshi. Urutonde rw’ibintu biteye ubwoba byakozwe rushobora kuba rurerure cyane kurushaho.

Muri iki gihe, iyi si yacu yakataje mu by’ikoranabuhanga irangwa n’ubwikunde. Abantu bake ni bo batekereza ku bandi mu gihe inyungu zabo bwite cyangwa uburenganzira bitwa ko bafite biri mu kaga (2 Timoteyo 3:1-5). Kuki abantu benshi cyane bikunda, bakaba abagome, ntibagire ibyiyumvo kandi bagakurura bishyira? Mbese aho ntibyaba biterwa n’uko Itegeko rya Zahabu, n’ubwo abantu benshi barizi, baryirengagiza bavuga ko ari ihame mbwirizamuco ridahuje n’ukuri kandi rya kera cyane? Ikibabaje ni uko no mu bantu benshi bihandagaza bavuga ko bemera Imana ari uko barifata. Kandi duhereye ku kuntu ibintu byifashe muri iki gihe, dusanga abantu bazarushaho gukurura bishyira gusa.

Ku bw’ibyo, ibibazo by’ingenzi bigomba gusuzumwa ni ibi bikurikira: kubaho mu buryo buhuje n’Itegeko rya Zahabu bikubiyemo iki? Mbese hari abantu bakigendera kuri iryo Tegeko? Kandi se, hari igihe abantu bose bazabaho mu buryo buhuje n’Itegeko rya Zahabu? Niba wifuza kubona ibisubizo bihuje n’ukuri kuri ibyo bibazo, soma igice gikurikira.

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 3]

Confucius n’abandi bigishije Itegeko rya Zahabu mu buryo bunyuranye

Itegeko rya zahabu​—Ni ingirakamaro

N’ubwo abantu hafi ya bose babona ko Itegeko rya Zahabu ari inyigisho yerekeranye n’umuco yatanzwe na Yesu, we ubwe yarivugiye ati “ibyo nigisha si ibyanjye, ahubwo ni iby’Iyantumye.”—Yohana 7:16

NI KOKO, ibyo Yesu yigishaga, hakubiyemo n’icyaje kwitwa Itegeko rya Zahabu, bikomoka ku watumye Yesu, ni ukuvuga Umuremyi, ari we Yehova Imana.

Mbere na mbere, Imana yari yarateganyije ko abantu bose bafata abandi nk’uko na bo bifuza ko babafata. Yatanze urugero ruhebuje mu kugaragaza ko yita ku cyatuma abandi bamererwa neza binyuriye mu kuntu yaremye abantu: “Imana irema umuntu, ngo agire ishusho yayo, afite ishusho y’Imana ni ko yamuremye; umugabo n’umugore ni ko yabaremye” (Itangiriro 1:27). Ibyo bisobanura ko mu buryo bwuje urukundo Imana yahaye abantu ubushobozi bwo kugaragaza mu rugero runaka imico yayo ihebuje, kugira ngo bashobore kwishimira ubuzima mu mahoro, mu byishimo no mu bumwe​—kandi bashobore kubyishimira ubuziraherezo. Mu gihe umutimanama bahawe n’Imana wari kuba waratojwe neza, wari kubayobora kugira ngo bagirire abandi ibihuye n’ibyo bo ubwabo bifuzaga kugirirwa.

Ubwikunde Bwariganje

Ko abantu bari bafite intangiriro ihebuje gutyo, byaje gupfira he? Tubivuze mu magambo make, abantu batangiye kugaragaza ingeso mbi y’ubwikunde. Abantu hafi ya bose bazi neza inkuru ya Bibiliya ivuga ibyo umugabo n’umugore ba mbere bakoze, iyo nkuru ikaba yanditswe mu Itangiriro igice cya 3. Adamu na Eva bohejwe na Satani, we urwanya amahame y’Imana yose akiranuka, maze banga ubutegetsi bw’Imana babigiranye ubwikunde bihitiramo kwigenga no kwihitiramo ibyo bakora. Igikorwa cyabo cy’ubwikunde kandi cyo kwigomeka nticyatumye bo ubwabo bagira ­igihombo gikomeye gusa, ahubwo cyanatumye ababakomotseho nyuma y’aho bose bagerwaho n’ingaruka zibabaje. Ibyo byagaragaje neza ingaruka zibabaje zo kwirengagiza inyigisho yaje kwitwa Itegeko rya Zahabu. Ku bw’ibyo, “nk’uko ibyaha byazanywe mu isi n’umuntu umwe, urupfu rukazanwa n’ibyaha, ni ko urupfu rugera ku bantu bose, kuko bose bakoze ibyaha.”​—Abaroma 5:12.

N’ubwo abantu muri rusange banze gukurikiza inzira zuje urukundo za Yehova Imana, we ntiyabatereranye. Urugero, Yehova yahaye ishyanga rya Isirayeli Amategeko ye yo kuriyobora. Ayo Mategeko yabigishaga kugirira abandi nk’ibyo na bo bifuzaga kugirirwa. Amategeko yatangaga ubuyobozi mu birebana n’uko bagombaga gufata abagaragu, imfubyi n’abapfakazi. Yasobanuraga uko ibibazo by’umuntu wakubitaga undi, ubwambuzi n’ubujura byagombaga gukemurwa. Amategeko ahereranye n’isuku yagaragazaga ko umuntu yita ku buzima bw’abandi. Ndetse hari n’amategeko arebana n’iby’imibonano mpuzabitsina. Yehova yagaragaje incamake y’ibikubiye mu Mategeko ye igihe yabwiraga abantu ati “ukunde mugenzi wawe nk’uko wikunda,” ayo magambo Yesu akaba yarayasubiyemo nyuma y’aho (Abalewi 19:18; Matayo 22:39, 40). Nanone kandi, Amategeko yagiraga icyo avuga ku birebana n’uko abasuhuke bari mu Bisirayeli bagombaga gufatwa. Amategeko yarategetse ati “ntugahate umusuhuke w’umunyamahanga; kuko muzi umutima w’umusuhuke, kuko namwe mwari abasuhuke mu gihugu cya Egiputa.” Mu yandi magambo, Abisirayeli bagombaga kugaragariza abantu bari mu mimerere ibabaje umutima urangwa n’ineza no kwishyira mu mwanya wabo.​—Kuva 23:9; Abalewi 19:34; Gutegeka 10:19.

Igihe cyose Isirayeli yakurikizaga Amategeko mu budahemuka, Yehova yahaga iryo shyanga umugisha. Mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bwa Dawidi na Salomo, iryo shyanga ryagize uburumbuke, n’abantu bari bafite ibyishimo kandi banyuzwe. Inkuru ivuga iby’ayo mateka iratubwira iti “Abayuda n’Abisirayeli bari benshi, bangana n’umusenyi wo mu kibaya cy’inyanja ubwinshi, bararyaga, bakanywa bakanezerwa. Abayuda n’Abisirayeli baridendereza iminsi ya Salomo yose, umuntu wese ku muzabibu we no ku mutini we.”​—1 Abami 4:20, 5:5 (4:25 muri Biblia Yera).

Ikibabaje ariko, ni uko amahoro n’umutekano by’iryo shyanga bitamaze igihe kirekire. N’ubwo Abisirayeli bari bafite Amategeko y’Imana, ntibayakurikije; ahubwo bararetse ubwikunde bubabuza kwita ku bandi. Ibyo hamwe n’ubuhakanyi bwabo, byatumye abantu ku giti cyabo no mu rwego rw’ishyanga ryose bagerwaho n’imibabaro. Amaherezo, mu mwaka wa 607 M.I.C., Yehova yararetse Abanyababuloni barimbura ubwami bw’u Buyuda, umurwa wa Yerusalemu ndetse n’urusengero rw’agahebuzo rwariyo. Impamvu yabiteye ni iyihe? Yehova yayigaragaje agira ati “ ‘kuko mutumviye amagambo yanjye, dore ngiye kohereza imiryango yose y’ikasikazi, nyiteranye, kandi nzatuma ku mugaragu wanjye Nebukadinezari umwami w’i Babuloni,’ ni ko Uwiteka avuga, ‘mbateze iki gihugu, n’abagituyemo, n’ayo mahanga yose agikikijeho; nzabatsemba rwose, mbagire igitangarirwa n’igitutsi n’imisaka y’iteka’ ” (Yeremiya 25:8, 9). Mbega ikiguzi batanze kubera ko baretse gahunda itanduye yo gusenga Yehova!

Urugero Dukwiriye Kwigana

Ku rundi ruhande, Yesu Kristo we ntiyigishije Itegeko rya Zahabu gusa, ahubwo nanone yatanze urugero ruhebuje mu birebana no kurikurikiza. Yitaga by’ukuri ku cyatuma abandi bamererwa neza (Matayo 9:36; 14:14; Luka 5:12, 13). Igihe kimwe, ubwo yari ageze hafi y’umudugudu wa Nayini, Yesu yabonye umupfakazi wari ufite intimba mu mutima ari kumwe n’abagiye guhamba umwana we w’ikinege. Inkuru ya Bibiliya igira iti “Umwami Yesu amubonye amugirira imbabazi” (Luka 7:11-​15). Imvugo ngo “amugirira imbabazi,” dukurikije uko inkoranyamagambo Vine’s Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words ibivuga, yumvikanisha igitekerezo cyo “kumva ibintu bikwanze mu nda.” Yiyumvishije umubabaro uwo mugore yari afite mu mutima, kandi ibyo byamusunikiye gufata ingamba z’ingirakamaro kugira ngo amumare umubabaro. Mbega ukuntu uwo mupfakazi yishimye igihe Yesu yazuraga uwo mwana maze ‘akamumusubiza’!

Amaherezo, mu buryo buhuje n’umugambi w’Imana, Yesu yemeye kubabazwa no gutanga ubuzima bwe ho incungu kugira ngo abantu bashobore kuvanwa mu bubata bw’icyaha n’urupfu. Urwo rwari urugero ruhebuje rwo kubaho mu buryo buhuje n’Itegeko rya Zahabu.​—Matayo 20:28; Yohana 15:13; Abaheburayo 4:15.

Abantu Bakurikiza Itegeko rya Zahabu

Mbese, muri iki gihe turimo, haba hari abantu bakurikiza by’ukuri Itegeko rya Zahabu? Barahari, kandi ntibarikurikiza mu gihe biboroheye gusa. Urugero, mu gihe cy’Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose mu Budage bwategekwaga n’ishyaka rya Nazi, Abahamya ba Yehova bakomeje kwizera Imana no gukunda bagenzi babo, kandi banze guteshuka ku Itegeko rya Zahabu. Mu gihe Leta yacengezaga amatwara yo kwanga no kutorohera Abayahudi bose, Abahamya bakomeje gukurikiza Itegeko rya Zahabu. Ndetse no mu bigo byakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa, bakomeje kwita kuri bagenzi babo, bagaha Abayahudi n’abatari Abayahudi babaga bashonje ku byokurya byabo, n’ubwo na byo byabaga ari ingume. Byongeye kandi, n’ubwo Leta yabategetse gufata intwaro ngo bajye kwica abandi, banze kuzifata, nk’uko na bo batifuzaga kwicwa n’abandi. Ni gute bashoboraga kwica abantu bagombaga gukunda nk’uko bikundaga? Kubera ko banze kwica, benshi muri bo ntiboherejwe mu bigo byakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa gusa, ahubwo baranishwe.​—Matayo 5:43-​48.

Mu gihe usoma iyi ngingo, urimo urungukirwa n’urundi rugero rw’ukuntu Itegeko rya Zahabu rishyirwa mu bikorwa. Abahamya ba Yehova babona ko muri iki gihe abantu benshi bababara badafite ibyiringiro kandi badafite kirengera. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Abahamya bitanga babikunze bakora igikorwa cyiza kugira ngo bafashe abandi kumenya ibihereranye n’ibyiringiro hamwe n’ubuyobozi bw’ingirakamaro biboneka muri Bibiliya. Ni byo bigize umurimo wo kwigisha ukorerwa ku isi hose ubu urimo ukorwa mu rugero rwagutse kurusha mbere hose. Ingaruka zabaye izihe? Nk’uko byahanuwe muri Yesaya 2:2-4, “amahanga menshi,” mu by’ukuri abantu basaga miriyoni esheshatu ku isi hose, ‘bayobowe inzira za [Yehova] maze bazigenderamo.’ Mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo, bitoje ‘gucura inkota zabo mo amasuka n’amacumu yabo bayacuramo impabuzo.’ Biboneye amahoro n’umutekano muri ibi bihe birimo akaga.

Bite se Kuri Wowe?

Tekereza gato ku ntimba n’imibabaro abantu bagiye bagira bitewe no kwirengagiza Itegeko rya Zahabu uhereye igihe muri Edeni habereye ukwigomeka kwazanywe na Satani Diyabule. Vuba aha, Yehova arateganya kuzahindura iyo mimerere. Ni gute azayihindura? “Ibyo Umwana w’Imana yerekaniwe ni ibi, ni ukugira ngo amareho imirimo ya Satani” (1 Yohana 3:8). Ibyo bizabaho mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bw’Ubwami bw’Imana, buzaba buyobowe na Yesu Kristo, umwami w’umunyabwenge kandi ushoboye, we wigishije kandi akabaho mu buryo buhuje n’Itegeko rya Zahabu.​—Zaburi 37:9-11; Daniyeli 2:44.

Umwami Dawidi wa Isirayeli ya kera yagize ati “nari umusore, none ndashaje, ariko sinari nabona umukiranutsi aretswe, cyangwa urubyaro rwe rusabiriza ibyokurya. Agira ubuntu umunsi ukira, akaguriza abandi; urubyaro rwe rukabona umugisha” (Zaburi 37:25, 26). Mbese, ntimwemera ko muri iki gihe abantu hafi ya bose basahuranwa bigwizaho umutungo aho ‘kugira ubuntu no kuguriza abandi’? Uko bigaragara, gukurikiza Itegeko rya Zahabu bishobora gutuma umuntu abona amahoro n’umutekano nyakuri bitewe n’uko bituma abona imigisha muri iki gihe kandi akazayibona no mu gihe kizaza mu Bwami bw’Imana. Ubwami bw’Imana buzavanaho igisigisigi cyose cy’ubwikunde n’ubugome kizaba gisigaye ku isi, maze iyi gahunda iriho y’ubutegetsi bw’abantu bononekaye buyisimbuze gahunda nshya izashyirwaho n’Imana. Hanyuma, abantu bose bazishimira kubaho bakurikiza Itegeko rya Zahabu.​—Zaburi 29:11; 2 Petero 3:13.

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 4 n’iya 5]

Yesu ntiyigishije Itegeko rya Zahabu gusa, ahubwo yanatanze urugero ruhebuje mu birebana no kurikurikiza

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 7]

Gukurikiza Itegeko rya Zahabu bishobora gutuma umuntu agira amahoro n’umutekano nyakuri