Bari bategereje Mesiya

‘Abantu bari bategereje Kristo kandi bose bibazaga ibya Yohana mu mitima yabo bati “ese aho ntiyaba ari we Kristo?”’—LUKA 3:15.

 1. Ni ayahe magambo abungeri babwiwe n’umumarayika?

IJORO ryari riguye. Abungeri bari hanze barinze imikumbi yabo. Mu buryo butunguranye, umumarayika wa Yehova yabahagaze iruhande, maze ikuzo ry’Imana rirabagirana iruhande rwabo. Bagize ubwoba, ariko uwo mumarayika ababwira amagambo ashishikaje agira ati ‘mwitinya, kuko nje kubabwira ubutumwa bwiza bw’ibyishimo byinshi abantu bose bazagira, kuko uyu munsi Umukiza yabavukiye, uwo akaba ari Kristo Umwami.’ Uwo ni we wari kuba Mesiya. Abo bungeri bari gusanga urwo ruhinja ruryamye aho amatungo arira, mu mugi wari hafi aho. Ako kanya haje “umutwe munini w’ingabo zo mu ijuru,” zitangira gusingiza Yehova zigira ziti “mu ijuru icyubahiro kibe icy’Imana, no ku isi amahoro abe mu bantu yishimira.”—Luka 2:8-14.

 2. Ijambo “Mesiya” risobanura iki, kandi se abantu bari kumenya bate Mesiya?

² Birumvikana ko abo bungeri bagomba kuba baribajije niba uwo ari we Mesiya. Abungeri b’Abayahudi bari bazi ko ijambo “Mesiya” cyangwa “Kristo” risobanura “Uwatoranyijwe” n’Imana (Kuva 29:5-7). Ariko se, bashoboraga bate kumenya ko urwo ruhinja umumarayika yababwiye ari rwo rwari kuzaba Mesiya watoranyijwe na Yehova, hanyuma bakabyemeza n’abandi? Bari kubyemezwa no gusuzuma ubuhanuzi bwo mu Byanditswe bya giheburayo, maze bakabugereranya n’ibyo uwo mwana yari kuzakora hamwe n’imibereho ye.

Kuki abantu bari bamutegereje?

3, 4. Ibivugwa muri Daniyeli 9:24, 25 bisobanura iki?

³ Imyaka myinshi nyuma yaho, ubwo Yohana Umubatiza yatangiraga umurimo we wo kubwiriza, ibyo yavugaga n’ibyo yakoraga byatumye abantu bamwe bibaza niba ari we Mesiya. (Soma muri Luka 3:15.) Birashoboka ko hari abari basobanukiwe neza ubuhanuzi bwerekeye Mesiya bwavugaga ibirebana n’“ibyumweru mirongo irindwi.” Ku bw’ibyo, bashoboraga kumenya neza igihe Mesiya yari kuzira. Hari aho bugira buti “uhereye igihe itegeko ryo gusana Yerusalemu no kongera kuyubaka rizatangirwa kugeza kuri Mesiya Umuyobozi, hazaba ibyumweru birindwi, habe n’ibindi byumweru mirongo itandatu na bibiri” (Dan 9:24, 25). Intiti zinyuranye zemera ko ibyo ari ibyumweru by’imyaka. Urugero, hari Bibiliya yagize iti “ibyumweru mirongo irindwi by’imyaka byarategetswe.”—Revised Standard Version.

⁴ Muri iki gihe Abagaragu ba Yehova bazi neza ko ibyumweru 69, cyangwa imyaka 483, bivugwa muri Daniyeli 9:25, byatangiye mu mwaka wa 455 Mbere ya Yesu, igihe Umwami Aritazerusi w’u Buperesi yahaga Nehemiya uruhushya rwo kujya gusana Yerusalemu no kongera kuyubaka (Neh 2:1-8). Ibyo byumweru byarangiye hashize imyaka 483, ni ukuvuga mu mwaka wa 29, igihe Yesu w’i Nazareti yabatizwaga kandi agasukwaho umwuka wera, bityo akaba Mesiya.—Mat 3:13-17.a

 5. Ni ubuhe buhanuzi tugiye gusuzuma?

⁵ Reka noneho dusuzume bumwe mu buhanuzi bwinshi buvuga ibirebana na Mesiya bwasohoye igihe Yesu yavukaga, igihe yari akiri muto n’igihe yakoraga umurimo we ku isi. Nta gushidikanya ko bizatuma turushaho kwizera ijambo ry’Imana ry’ubuhanuzi. Nanone bizatugaragariza neza ko mu by’ukuri Yesu ari we Mesiya wategerejwe igihe kirekire.

Imibereho yagize akiri muto yari yarahanuwe

 6. Sobanura uko ibivugwa mu Ntangiriro 49:10 byasohoye?

⁶ Mesiya yagombaga kuvukira mu muryango wa Yuda. Igihe umukurambere Yakobo yahaga abana be umugisha ari hafi gupfa, yarahanuye ati “inkoni y’ubwami ntizava kuri Yuda, kandi inkoni y’ubutware ntizava hagati y’ibirenge bye, kugeza aho Shilo azazira. Uwo ni we abantu bazumvira” (Intang 49:10). Intiti nyinshi z’Abayahudi zo mu gihe cya kera zerekezaga ayo magambo kuri Mesiya. Uhereye ku butegetsi bw’Umwami Dawidi wakomokaga mu muryango wa Yuda, inkoni y’ubwami (ni ukuvuga ubutegetsi bwa cyami) n’inkoni y’ubutware (ni ukuvuga ububasha bwo gutegeka) zakomeje kuba mu muryango wa Yuda. Ijambo “Shilo” risobanura ngo “Nyirabyo.” Umwami wa nyuma wari gukomoka mu muryango wa Yuda yari kuba “Shilo,” wari kuba Umuragwa w’Ubwami iteka ryose, kuko Imana yabwiye umwami wa nyuma wategetse u Buyuda, ari we Sedekiya, ko ubutware bwe bwari guhabwa ubufitiye uburenganzira (Ezek 21:26, 27). Nyuma ya Sedekiya, Yesu ni we wenyine wasezeranyijwe ubwami mu bakomotse kuri Dawidi. Mbere y’uko Yesu avuka, marayika Gaburiyeli yabwiye Mariya ati “Yehova Imana azamuha intebe y’ubwami ya se Dawidi. Azaba umwami ategeke inzu ya Yakobo iteka ryose, kandi ubwami bwe ntibuzagira iherezo” (Luka 1:32, 33). Shilo yabaye Yesu Kristo, wakomotse kuri Yuda na Dawidi.—Mat 1:1-3, 6; Luka 3:23, 31-34.

 7. Mesiya yavukiye he, kandi se kuki ibyo bishishikaje?

⁷ Mesiya yari kuvukira i Betelehemu. Umuhanuzi Mika yaranditse ati “nawe Betelehemu Efurata, nubwo uri muto cyane ku buryo utabarwa mu bihumbi by’u Buyuda, muri wowe hazava umutware uzakora ibyo nshaka muri Isirayeli, wabayeho kuva kera cyane, uhereye mu bihe bitarondoreka” (Mika 5:2). Mesiya yari kuvukira mu mugi w’u Buyuda witwaga Betelehemu, uko bigaragara ukaba wari warigeze kwitwa Efurata. Nubwo Mariya nyina wa Yesu na se wamureze ari we Yozefu bari batuye i Nazareti, itegeko ry’Abaroma ryasabaga abantu kujya kwiyandikisha ryatumye bajya i Betelehemu aho Yesu yavukiye (Mat 2:1, 5, 6). Mbega ukuntu ubwo buhanuzi bwasohoye nk’uko bwari bwaravuzwe!

8, 9. Ni iki cyari cyarahanuwe ku birebana n’ivuka rya Mesiya n’ibyari kuba nyuma yaho?

⁸ Mesiya yari kubyarwa n’umukobwa w’isugi. (Soma muri Yesaya 7:14.) Ijambo ry’igiheburayo bethulah ni ryo risobanura “isugi.” Ariko irindi jambo (almah) ni ryo ryakoreshejwe muri Yesaya 7:14. Aho hari ubuhanuzi buvuga ko “umukobwa [haalmah]” yari kubyara umwana w’umuhungu. Ijambo almah ryakoreshejwe kuri Rebeka igihe yari akiri umukobwa atarashaka (Intang 24:16, 43). Matayo yarahumekewe akoresha ijambo ry’ikigiriki rihindurwamo “isugi” (parthenos) igihe yagaragazaga ko amagambo ari muri Yesaya 7:14 yasohoye igihe Yesu yavukaga. Abanditsi b’Amavanjiri Matayo na Luka, bavuze ko Mariya yari umukobwa w’isugi watwise binyuze ku mbaraga z’umwuka w’Imana.—Mat 1:18-25; Luka 1:26-35.

⁹ Abana bato bari kwicwa nyuma y’uko Mesiya avuka. Hari ikintu nk’icyo cyari cyarabaye ibinyejana byinshi mbere yaho, igihe Farawo wo muri Egiputa yategekaga ko abana bose b’abahungu b’Abaheburayo bajugunywa mu ruzi rwa Nili (Kuva 1:22). Ariko igishishikaje cyane kurushaho ni amagambo ari muri Yeremiya 31:15, 16, agaragaza ko Rasheli yaririraga abana be bari barajyanywe “mu gihugu cy’umwanzi.” Ijwi rye ryo kuboroga ryumvikaniye kure i Rama, mu karere k’Ababenyamini, mu majyaruguru ya Yerusalemu. Matayo yagaragaje ko amagambo ya Yeremiya yasohoye ubwo Umwami Herode yategekaga ko bica abana b’abahungu bose b’i Betelehemu no mu nkengero zaho. (Soma muri Matayo 2:16-18.) Tekereza agahinda abantu baho bagize!

10. Sobanura ukuntu ibivugwa muri Hoseya 11:1 byasohoreye kuri Yesu.

¹⁰ Kimwe n’Abisirayeli, Mesiya yari guhamagarwa akava muri Egiputa (Hos 11:1). Mbere y’uko Herode atanga itegeko ryo kwica abana b’abahungu, umumarayika yategetse ko Yozefu, Mariya na Yesu bajya muri Egiputa. Bagumyeyo “kugeza igihe Herode yapfiriye, kugira ngo ibyo Yehova yavuze binyuze ku muhanuzi we [Hoseya] bisohore, ngo ‘nahamagaye umwana wanjye ngo ave muri Egiputa’” (Mat 2:13-15). Birumvikana ko Yesu atari kugira icyo akora kugira ngo ibintu byari byarahanuwe ku birebana n’ivuka rye n’ibyamubayeho akiri umwana, bisohore.

Mesiya atangira umurimo we

11. Uwo Yehova yatoranyije yateguriwe inzira ate?

¹¹ Uwatoranyijwe n’Imana yari gutegurirwa inzira. Malaki yahanuye ko “umuhanuzi Eliya” yari kumutegurira inzira, agategurira imitima y’abantu kuza kwa Mesiya. (Soma muri Malaki 4:5, 6.) Yesu yagaragaje ko uwo “Eliya” ari Yohana Umubatiza (Mat 11:12-14). Ikindi kandi, Mariko yagaragaje ko umurimo Yohana yakoze washohoje ubuhanuzi bwa Yesaya (Yes 40:3; Mar 1:1-4). Yesu si we wabwiye Yohana gukora umurimo nk’uwakozwe na Eliya wabanjirije Yesu. Umurimo wakozwe n’uwo “Eliya” wahanuwe, wari uhuje n’umugambi w’Imana kuko wari gutuma abantu bamenya Mesiya.

12. Ni uwuhe murimo wihariye Imana yahaye Mesiya?

¹² Imana yari gushinga Mesiya umurimo wihariye. Yesu yagiye mu isinagogi y’i Nazareti, umugi yarerewemo, asoma mu muzingo wa Yesaya maze yiyerekezaho amagambo agira ati “umwuka wa Yehova uri kuri jye, kuko yantoranyirije gutangariza abakene ubutumwa bwiza, yantumye gutangariza imbohe ko zibohowe, n’impumyi ko zihumuwe, no kubohora abashenjaguwe, no kubwiriza umwaka wo kwemerwamo na Yehova.” Kubera ko Yesu ari we wari Mesiya, yaravuze ati “uyu munsi, ibi byanditswe mumaze kumva birashohojwe.”—Luka 4:16-21.

13. Ni mu buhe buryo byari byarahanuwe ko Yesu yari gukorera umurimo we i Galilaya?

¹³ Byari byarahanuwe ko Mesiya yari gukorera umurimo we i Galilaya. Yesaya yanditse ibirebana n’‘igihugu cya Zabuloni, igihugu cya Nafutali [na] Galilaya y’abanyamahanga’ agira ati “abantu bagenderaga mu mwijima babonye umucyo mwinshi, kandi abari batuye mu gihugu cy’umwijima w’icuraburindi baviriwe n’umucyo” (Yes 9:1, 2). Yesu yatangiriye umurimo we i Galilaya, mu mugi wa Kaperinawumu, kandi yafashije abaturage benshi bo mu gihugu cya Zabuloni na Nafutali, abagezaho inyigisho z’ukuri zigereranywa n’umucyo (Mat 4:12-16). I Galilaya ni ho Yesu yatangiye Ikibwiriza cye cyo ku Musozi, ahatoranyiriza intumwa ze, ahakorera igitangaza cye cya mbere, kandi uko bigaragara ni na ho yabonekeye abigishwa be basaga 500 nyuma yo kuzuka kwe (Mat 5:1–7:27; 28:16-20; Mar 3:13, 14; Yoh 2:8-11; 1 Kor 15:6). Nguko uko yashohoje ubwo buhanuzi bwa Yesaya abwiriza mu ‘gihugu cya Zabuloni n’igihugu cya Nafutali.’ Birumvikana ko Yesu yakomeje kubwiriza ubutumwa bw’Ubwami no mu tundi turere two muri Isirayeli.

Ibindi bintu Mesiya yakoze byari byarahanuwe

14. Ni mu buhe buryo Yesu yashohoje ibivugwa muri Zaburi ya 78:2?

¹⁴ Mesiya yari kwigisha akoresheje imigani cyangwa ingero. Umwanditsi wa zaburi Asafu yararirimbye ati “ndabumbuza akanwa kanjye imigani” (Zab 78:2). Tubwirwa n’iki ko ayo magambo y’ubuhanuzi yerekezaga kuri Yesu? Matayo arabitubwira. Amaze kuvuga ingero Yesu yakoresheje agereranya Ubwami n’akabuto ka sinapi, akanabugereranya n’umusemburo, yagize ati “nta cyo [Yesu] yababwiraga adakoresheje umugani, kugira ngo hasohore ibyavuzwe binyuze ku muhanuzi, wagize ati ‘nzabumbuza akanwa kanjye imigani, nzatangaza ibintu byahishwe uhereye ku kuremwa kw’isi’” (Mat 13:31-35). Gukoresha imigani cyangwa ingero ni bumwe mu buryo bugira icyo bugeraho Yesu yakoreshaga yigisha.

15. Erekana uko ibivugwa muri Yesaya 53:4 byasohoye.

¹⁵ Mesiya yikoreye ubumuga bwacu. Yesaya yarahanuye ati “ni ukuri, yishyizeho indwara zacu kandi yikoreye imibabaro yacu” (Yes 53:4). Matayo yagaragaje ko Yesu amaze gukiza nyirabukwe wa Petero, yakijije n’abandi kugira ngo “ibyavuzwe binyuze ku muhanuzi Yesaya bisohore, ngo ‘we ubwe yishyizeho indwara zacu kandi atwara uburwayi bwacu’” (Mat 8:14-17). Ariko urwo ni rumwe mu ngero nyinshi zanditswe zigaragaza ko Yesu yakijije abarwayi.

16. Intumwa Yohana yagaragaje ate ko ibyavuzwe muri Yesaya 53:1 byasohoreye kuri Yesu?

¹⁶ Nubwo hari ibintu byinshi byiza Mesiya yakoze, abantu benshi ntibari kumwizera. (Soma muri Yesaya 53:1.) Intumwa Yohana yagaragaje ko ubwo buhanuzi bwasohoye, igihe yandikaga ati “nubwo [Yesu] yari yarakoreye ibimenyetso byinshi imbere yabo, ntibamwizeye, kugira ngo ibyavuzwe n’umuhanuzi Yesaya bisohore ngo ‘Yehova, ni nde wizeye ibyo twumvise? Kandi se ukuboko kwa Yehova kwahishuriwe nde?’” (Yoh 12:37, 38). Nanone kandi, igihe intumwa Pawulo yabwirizaga, abantu bake gusa ni bo bizeye ubutumwa bwiza bwerekeye Yesu, ari we Mesiya.—Rom 10:16, 17.

17. Ubuhanuzi buri muri Zaburi ya 69:4 bwasohoye bute?

¹⁷ Mesiya yari kwangwa nta mpamvu (Zab 69:4). Intumwa Yohana yasubiyemo amagambo Yesu yavuze agira ati ‘iyo mba ntarakoreye mu [bantu] imirimo undi muntu wese atigeze akora, nta cyaha baba bafite. Ariko noneho barayibonye kandi baranyanga, banga na Data. Ariko ibyo byabereyeho kugira ngo ibyanditswe mu Mategeko yabo bisohore ngo “banyanze nta mpamvu”’ (Yoh 15:24, 25). Incuro nyinshi, ijambo ‘Amategeko’ riba risobanura Ibyanditswe byose (Yoh 10:34; 12:34). Inkuru zo mu Mavanjiri zigaragaza ko Yesu yanzwe, cyane cyane akangwa n’abayobozi b’idini ry’Abayahudi. Byongeye kandi, Kristo yaravuze ati “isi nta mpamvu ifite yo kubanga, ariko jye iranyanga kuko mpamya ko ibikorwa byayo ari bibi.”—Yoh 7:7.

18. Ni iki kindi tuzasuzuma kizatuma turushaho kwemera ko Yesu ari we Mesiya?

¹⁸ Abigishwa ba Yesu bo mu kinyejana cya mbere bemeraga rwose ko Yesu yari Mesiya, kuko mu by’ukuri yashohoje ubuhanuzi bwo mu Byanditswe bya giheburayo buvuga ibyerekeye Mesiya (Mat 16:16). Nk’uko twabibonye, bumwe muri ubwo buhanuzi bwasohoye igihe Yesu w’i Nazareti yari akiri muto n’igihe yakoraga umurimo we. Mu gice gikurikira, tuzasuzuma ubundi buhanuzi buvuga ibya Mesiya. Gutekereza cyane kuri ubwo buhanuzi bizatuma turushaho kwemera ko Yesu Kristo ari we Mesiya watoranyijwe na Data wo mu ijuru, Yehova.

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

Wasubiza ute?

• Ni ubuhe buhanuzi bwasohoye burebana n’ivuka rya Yesu?

• Mesiya yateguriwe inzira ate?

• Ni ubuhe buhanuzi bwo muri Yesaya igice cya 53 bwasohoreye kuri Yesu?