NSOLO KHUMI NACITATU
Iye Apfundza Kubulukira M’madawo Ace
1, 2. (a) Ninji cidacitikira Yona n’xitima pabodzi na amalinyero thangwi ya madawo ace? (b) Kodi mbiri ya Yona inatiphedza tani?
YONA nee akhafunabve kubva dzumbi ineyi yakuphola makutu. Nee ikhali dzumbi ya mphepo ikhapita na m’mafiyo a xitima ya m’madzi basi; pontho nee ikhali dzumbi ya mabimbi makulu akhamenya n’khundu mwa xitima ikhadakwira iye. M’mbuto mwace, kukhali kukhuwa kwa amalinyero, nyakutsogolera na anthu ace, mukhawangisira iwo toera xitima ya m’madzi ikhonde kulirima. Yona akhadziwa kuti anthu anewa akhali cifupi na kufa—pyonsene thangwi ya iye!
2 Thangwi yanji Yona agumanika m’makhaliro anewa akusowa cidikhiro? Iye akhadadawira kakamwe Mulungu wace, Yahova. Kodi iye akhadacitanji? Kodi uxamwali wace na Yahova ukhadafudzikiratu? Matawiro a mibvundzo ineyi anatipfundzisa pinthu pizinji kakamwe. Mwacitsandzo, mbiri ya Yona inatiphedza kuona kuti, ngakhale ale ali na cikhulupiro cakuwanga anakwanisa kupeuka, pontho inatiphedza kuona kuti anthu anewa anakwanisa kusasanyira madawo awo.
Mprofeta wa ku Galileya
3-5. (a) Kodi kazinji kene anthu asaonanji anganyerezera pya Yona? (b) Kodi ife tisadziwanji thangwi ya makuziro a Yona? (Onanimbo cidzindikiro capantsi.) (c) Thangwi yanji basa ya Yona ninga mprofeta ikhali yakunentsa na yakukhonda tsandzayisa?
3 Anthu anganyerezera pya Yona, kazinji kene asaona makhaliro ace akuipa, ninga kukhonda kwace kubvera peno upoka wace. Mbwenye Yona acitambo pinthu pizinji pyadidi. Kumbukani kuti Yona asankhulwa toera kutumikira ninga mprofeta wa Yahova Mulungu. Yahova asankhula Yona ninga mprofeta wace thangwi akhali wakukhulupirika na wakulungama.
Ngakhale kuti Yona adawa, iye akhalimbo na makhaliro mazinji adidi
4 Bhibhlya nee isalonga pizinji thangwi makuziro a Yona. (Lerini 2 Amambo 14:25.) Iye akhali wa ku Gate-heferi, nzinda wakuti ukhali cifupi na makilometru manai kubulukira ku Nazareti, pontho ndi nzinda unoyu udakulira Yezu Kristu pakupita cifupi na pyaka 800 kutsogolo.a Yona atumikira ninga mprofeta nkati mwa utongi wa Mambo Yerobhoamu Waciwiri wa madzindza khumi a umambo wa Israele. Ndzidzi unoyu Eliya akhadafa kale; pontho Elizeu wakuti akhadampitira mbuto, akhadafambo nkati mwa utongi wa baba wa Yerobhoamu. Maseze Yahova akhadaphatisira amuna anewa toera kumalisa ulambiri wa Bhaale, mwacakhomo Aisraele akhadatoma pontho kupeuka. Mbumba ya Israele ikhatowerezera citsandzo ca mambo wakuti ‘akhapitiriza kucita pyakuipa pamaso pa Yahova.’ (2 Ama. 14:24) Natenepa, pisaoneka kuti basa ya Yona ninga mprofeta ikhali yakunentsa na yakukhonda tsandzayisa. Ngakhale tenepo, iye aicita mwakukhulupirika.
5 Mbwenye, ntsiku inango, umaso wa Yona wadzacinja kakamwe. Iye apaswa basa na Yahova yakuti akhaiona ninga yakunentsa kakamwe. Kodi ikhali basa yanji?
‘Lamuka, Ndoko ku Ninive’
6. Kodi Yahova apasa Yona basa yanji na thangwi yanji ikhaoneka ninga yakunentsa kakamwe?
6 Yahova apanga Yona: ‘Lamuka, ndoko ku nzinda ukulu wa Ninive toera kadziwisa anthu kuti pyakuipa pyawo pyafika kuna ine.’ (Yona 1:2) Ndi pyakukhonda nentsa kubvesesa kuti thangwi yanji Yona akhaona basa ineyi ninga yakunentsa kakamwe. Nzinda wa Ninive ukhali cifupi na makilometru 800 kukhundu yakumabulukiro a dzuwa, nsindzo wakuti munthu mbadamala cifupi na nthanda yamumphu mbakafamba na miyendo. Mbwenye, panango nee ndi pyenepi pikhadzudzumisa Yona. Ku Ninive, Yona akhafunika kulonga kwa Asirya kuti iwo mbadatongwa na Yahova, thangwi ya makhaliro awo auphanga na ausumankha. Khala Yona nee abveserwa mwadidi na mbumba ya Mulungu, ndiye tani kwa anthu anewa akunja? Kodi mbadatumikira tani ekhene Yahova mu nzinda ukulu wa Ninive, wakuti mukupita kwa ndzidzi mbudacemerwa ‘nzinda wakucucisa ciropa’?—Nah. 3:1, 7.
7, 8. (a) Kodi Yona akhali wakutonga kuthawa basa idampasa Yahova mpaka papi? (b) Thangwi yanji nee tisafunika kunyerezera kuti Yona akhali munthu wakugopa?
7 Ife nee tisadziwa khala Yona akhanyerezera pyenepi peno nkhabe. Pinadziwa ife ndi pyakuti iye athawa. Yahova akhadapanga Yona toera aende kumabulukiro a dzuwa; mbwenye Yona aenda kutali kakamwe kukhundu ya kumadokero a dzuwa. Pidafika iye ku gombe ya nzinda wa Yopa, akwira xitima ya m’madzi toera kuenda ku Tarsu. Anyakupfundza anango asalonga kuti Tarsu akhali ku Espanya. Khala ndi tenepo, Yona akhali kutali na Ninive mu nsindzo cifupi na makilometru 3.500. Ulendo unoyu wakuenda kukhundu inango ya Bara Ikulu panango mbudancitisa kumala caka mbakafamba. Pyenepi pisapangiza kuti Yona akhadatonga kuthawa basa ikhadampasa Yahova!—Lerini Yona 1:3.
8 Kodi pyenepi pisabveka kuti Yona akhali munthu wakugopa? Ife nee tisafunika kucimbiza kunyerezera tenepo. Tinadzaona pinthu pinango pidacita Yona pyakuti pikhaphemba cipapo kakamwe. Mbwenye ninga ife tonsene, Yona akhali munthu wakusowa ungwiro wakuti akhathimbana na madodo mazinji. (Masal. 51:5) Mbani mwa ife wakuti cipo adzati kugopa?
9. Kodi m’midzidzi inango tisapibva tani thangwi ya basa inatipasa Yahova na pyenepi pingacitika tisafunika kukumbuka undimomwene upi?
9 M’midzidzi inango pinaoneka ninga Mulungu akutiphemba kucita pinthu pyakunentsa, ngakhale pyakukhonda kukwanisika. Panango tinaona kukhala kwakunentsa kucita basa yakumwaza mphangwa zadidi za Umambo wa Mulungu, yakuti Akristu onsene asafunika kuicita. (Mat. 24:14) Ndi pyakukhonda nentsa kwa ife kuduwala undimomwene wa mafala a Yezu: ‘Pinthu pyonsene mphyakukwanisika kwa Mulungu.’ (Mark. 10:27) Khala midzidzi inango pyenepi pisacitika kwa ife, tinakwanisa kubvesesa nyatwa zidathimbana na Yona. Mphapo, ninji pidacitikira Yona thangwi yakuthawa kwace?
Yahova Asandika Mprofeta Wace Wakukhonda Bvera
10, 11. (a) Mu ndzidzi ukhabuluka xitima yakukwata mitolo pa gombe, kodi Yona panango akhanyerezeranji? (b) Kodi xitima na anthu akhali mwenemu akhali pa ngozwi yanji?
10 Nyerezerani kuti Yona akhala pa mbuto yadidi n’xitima ineyi ya m’madzi, panango ikhali xitima yakukwata mitolo ya ku Fenisya. Iye akhaona pikhakhunganyika nyakutsogolera xitima na andzace toera kubuluka pa gombe. Mu ndzidzi ukhasiya iwo gombe pang’ono-pang’ono mpaka nee kuionabve, panango Yona akhanyerezera kuti athawa ngozwi ikhagopa iye. Mbwenye mwakukhonda dembuka, makhaliro akudambo acinja.
11 Mphepo yacitisa mabimbi makulu kakamwe m’bara akuti mbadacitisa maxitima makulu a m’madzi a ntsiku zino kuoneka ninga mang’ono kakamwe. Mwakukhonda dembuka xitima ineyi ya matabwa yadzaoneka ninga ing’ono kakamwe thangwi yakukula kwa mabimbi. Mu ndzidzi unoyu, kodi Yona akhadziwa pidalemba iye patsogolo pace—kuti ‘Yahova acitisa mphepo ikulu m’bara’? Ife nkhabe kupidziwa. Yona aona amalinyero mbakatoma kucemera alungu awo akusiyana-siyana, mbwenye akhadziwa kuti iwo nee mbadaaphedza. (Lev. 19:4) Iye alemba: ‘Xitima ikhadasala pang’ono toera kulobzweka.’ (Yona 1:4) Mphapo, Yona mbadaphembera tani kwa Mulungu akhathawa iye?
12. (a) Thangwi yanji nee tisafunika kusandika Yona mwakucimbiza thangwi yakugona mu ndzidzi wa condzi? (Onanimbo cidzindikiro capantsi.) (b) Kodi Yahova apangiza tani pikhacitisa nyatwa?
12 Nakuti Yona nee akhadziwa cakucita toera kuphedza amalinyero, iye aenda pantsi pa xitima toera kusaka mbuto yakugona. Penepo, iye agona citulo cakuti bwerani mudzaone.b Pidagumanwa iye na nyakutsogolera xitima, alamuswa mbaphembwa toera aphembere kwa mulungu wace, ninga pikhacita anango. Pidaona iwo kuti mphepo ineyi ikhali yacilendo, amalinyero agwa ntsango toera kuona kuti mbani akhacitisa nyatwa ineyi. Mwakukhonda penula, ntima wa Yona ukhadhima mukhaona iye kuti ntsango nee zikugwera m’bodzi wa anthu akhali mwenemu. Mwakukhonda dembuka, undimomwene wadzadziwika. Yahova acitisa kuti ntsango zigwere Yona toera anthu adziwe kuti condzi cikhacitika thangwi yakukhonda kubvera kwa munthu m’bodzi basi—Yona!—Lerini Yona 1:5-7.
13. (a) Kodi Yona abwekanji kwa amalinyero? (b) Yona apanga amalinyero toera acitenji na thangwi yanji?
13 Yona alonga pyonsene kwa amalinyero. Aapanga kuti iye akhali ntumiki wa Mulungu wamphambvu zonsene, Yahova. Aapanga pontho kuti nyatwa zinaoneka ndi thangwi yakuti akhathawa Mulungu. Amuna adzumatirwa mbagopa; pontho Yona mbadakwanisa kuona pyenepi thangwi ya nkhope zawo. Iwo ambvundza kuti mbadacitanji toera akhonde kulobzweka na kuluza umaso wawo. Kodi Yona atawira tani? Panango agopa kakamwe pidanyerezera iye pya kuponywa m’bara yakutonthola na ya mabimbi. Mbwenye iye nee akhafuna kuti anthu anewa onsene afe mbadziwa kuti anakwanisa kuapulumusa. Natenepa, iye aapanga: ‘Ndikwateni mbamundiponya m’bara, mabimbi anadzangotha, thangwi nyatwa izi zonsene ndi thangwi ya ine.’—Yona 1:12.
14, 15. (a) Tinatowezera tani cikhulupiro ca Yona? (b) Kodi amalinyero acitanji thangwi ya phembo ya Yona?
14 Kodi musanyerezera kuti Yona mbadakhala mamuna wakugopa mbadalonga mafala anewa? Panango Yahova akomerwa kakamwe mukuona cipapo na nzimu wakudzimana wa Yona mu ndzidzi unoyu wakunentsa. Natenepa tikuona cikhulupiro cakuwanga ca Yona. Lero, tinatowezera cikhulupiro cace mukuikha pifuno pya anango pa mbuto yakutoma kupiringana pyathu. (Jwau 13:34, 35) Tingaona munthu wakuti asafuna ciphedzo cauzimu peno ca ntundu unango onsene, kodi tisaperekeka toera kumphedza? Tingacita pyenepi, tisakomeresa kakamwe Yahova!
15 Panango amalinyero akhuyiwa kakamwe pidapangwa iwo na Yona kuti asafunika amponye m’madzi, thangwi pakutoma iwo akhadakhonda kumponya! Acita pyonsene pikhakwanisa iwo toera apembere pakuthimbana na condzi—mbwenye kuwangisira kwawo kukhali kwapezi. Basi ene condzi cikhathimizirika. Pakumalisira, aona kuti nee akhalibve na cakucita. Iwo aphemba Mulungu wa Yona, Yahova, toera aabvere ntsisi, buluka penepo athukula Yona mbamponya m’bara.—Yona 1:13-15.
Yona Abverwa Ntsisi Mbapulumuswa
16, 17. Fokotozani pidacitikira Yona mu ndzidzi udaponywa iye m’madzi. (Onanimbo pithundzithundzi.)
16 Yona agwa m’bara yakuti mu ndzidzi unoyu ikhacita mabimbi akugoswa. Panango iye akhayesera kusambirira, pontho akhaona xitima mbikansiya. Buluka penepo mabimbi makulu am’biza. Iye apitiriza kubira kakamwe mpaka kuluza cidikhiro consene.
17 Mukupita kwa ndzidzi Yona adzafokotoza mabvero akhali na iye mu ndzidzi unoyu. Iye atoma kunyerezera pinthu pidacitika mu umaso wace. Iye atsukwala mu ndzidzi ukhanyerezera iye kuti cipo mbadaonabve templo ya Yahova ku Yerusalemu. Pontho adzindikira kuti afika pantsi pa bara cifupi na tsinde ya mapiri, mbuto idagudumirwa iye na ukhowe. Natenepa pikhaoneka ninga ikhali nthumbi yace.—Lerini Jwau 2:2-6.
18, 19. Ninji pidacitikira Yona pantsi pa bara, pontho ninji cidankhudyula? Kodi mbani akhacitisa pyenepi? (Onanimbo cidzindikiro capantsi.)
18 Mbwenye mwakukhonda dembuka aona cinthu mbicikafamba cifupi na iye—cinthu cikulu na cakupswipa kakamwe. Cikhanfendedzera mwakucimbiza kakamwe, buluka penepo cafungula mulomo wace ukulu, mbacikhudyula Yona.
19 Yona akhanyerezera kuti afa. Mbwenye adzumatirwa thangwi yakupitiriza kukhala maso. Iye nee atafunwa, pontho nee acimwana kupuma m’mimba mwa ntsomba ineyi. Mbuto mwace, iye akhali maso, maseze ineyi mbidakhala nthumbi yace. Pidapita ndzidzi ungasi, Yona adzumatirwa kakamwe. Mwakukhonda penula, ndi Yahova Mulungu ‘adatuma ntsomba ikulu toera kukhudyula Yona.’c—Yona 1:17, Tradução do Novo Mundo.
20. Tinapfundzanji kubulukira m’phembero idacita Yona m’mimba mwa ntsomba ikulu?
20 Yona akhala m’mimba mwa ntsomba ineyi midzidzi mizinji. M’mimba mwa ntsomba ineyi mukhali na cidima cikulu kakamwe. Yona akhunganya manyerezero ace mbaphembera kuna Yahova Mulungu. Phembero yace yonsene isagumanika mu nsolo waciwiri ya bukhu ya Yona, yakuti isatiphedza toera kundziwa mwadidi. Pyenepi pisapangiza kuti Yona akhadziwa kakamwe Malemba, thangwi m’phembero yace kazinji kene aphatisira ntsonga za m’bukhu ya Masalmo. Phembero ineyi isapangizambo kuti Yona akhali na ntima wakupereka takhuta. Yona alonga: ‘Mbwenye ine, ndinapereka ntsembe na nyimbo na mafala akupereka takhuta kwa imwe. Pidapikira ine ndinadzalipa. Cipulumuso cisabuluka kwa Yahova.’—Yona 2:9.
21. Ninji pidapfundza Yona thangwi ya cipulumuso, pontho pyenepi pisatikumbusanji?
21 M’mimba mwa ntsomba ineyi—Yona apfundza kuti Yahova anakwanisa kupulumusa munthu onsene, mwakukhonda tsalakana mbuto peno ndzidzi. Ngakhale m’mimba mwa ntsomba, Yahova apulumusa ntumiki wace. (Yona 1:17, NM) Basi ene ndi Yahova mbadakwanisa kucitisa munthu kukhala maso m’mimba mwa ntsomba ikulu mu ntsiku zitatu, masiku na masikati. Lero, mphyadidi kukumbuka kuti Yahova ndi ‘Mulungu asatsidzikiza umaso wathu.’ (Dan. 5:23) Pyenepi pisapangiza kuti Yahova ndiye asatitsalakana toera tikhale maso. Kodi tisapereka takhuta thangwi ya pyenepi? Natenepa, tisafunika kumbvera ntsiku zonsene.
22, 23. (a) Kodi kupereka takhuta kwa Yona kwayeserwa tani? (b) Tinapfundzanji kubulukira kwa Yona tingadodoma?
22 Kodi Yona apangiza kupereka kwace takhuta mukubvera Yahova? Inde. Pidamala ntsiku zitatu, masiku na masikati, ntsomba yaenda pa gombe ‘mbiilukula Yona.’ (Yona 2:10) Nyerezerani basi—Yona nee akhafunika kusambirira toera afike kuntunda! Mbwenye, pidafika iye kuntunda, akhafunika kusaka njira yakuenda nayo. Mwakukhonda dembuka, Yona athimbana na pinentso pinango pyakuti pyayesera kupereka kwace takhuta. Lemba ya Yona 3:1, 2, isalonga: ‘Yahova alonga na Yona kaciwiri: ‘Lamuka, ndoko ku nzinda ukulu wa Ninive, ukadziwise anthu mphangwa zinafuna kukupanga ine.’’ Kodi Yona acitanji?
23 Iye nee anyinyirika. Bhibhlya isalonga: ‘Yona alamuka mbaenda ku Ninive mwakubverana na mafala a Yahova.’ (Yona 3:3) Inde, iye abvera. Mwakukhonda penula, iye apfundza kubulukira ku madawo ace. Natenepa, tisafunikambo kutowezera cikhulupiro ca Yona, thangwi tonsene tisadawa; pontho tonsene tisadodoma. (Aroma 3:23) Kodi pingaticitikira, tisabwerera nduli peno tisapfundza kubulukira ku madodo athu mbatitoma kubvera Mulungu?
24, 25. (a) Ndi nkhombo zipi zidatambira Yona mu umaso wace? (b) Ndi nkhombo zipi zinafuna kutambira Yona ntsogolo?
24 Kodi Yahova apasa nkhombo kubvera kwa Yona? Inde. Nkhombo yakutoma, pisaoneka kuti Yona adzadziwa kuti amalinyero apulumuka. Condzi camala mu ndzidzi udaperekeka Yona toera kuponywa m’madzi, pontho amalinyero ‘atoma kugopa Yahova’ mbapereka ntsembe kwa iye, m’mbuto mwa alungu awo authambi.—Yona 1:15, 16.
25 Kusiyapo pyenepi, Yona adzapaswa nkhombo ikulu kakamwe ntsogolo, thangwi Yezu alandanisa ndzidzi udamala Yona m’mimba mwa ntsomba ikulu na ndzidzi ukhafuna kudzamala iye mu nthumbi. (Lerini Mateo 12:38-40.) Yona anadzatsandzaya kakamwe kubva pya nkhombo ineyi angadzalamuswa muli akufa toera kukhala pa dziko yapantsi! (Jwau 5:28, 29) Yahova asafunambo kukupasani nkhombo. Ninga Yona, kodi munadzapfundza kubulukira ku madawo anu mbamukhala wakubvera na kupangiza ufuni kuna anango?
a Mphyakudzumatirisa kudziwa kuti Yona abuluka ku nzinda wa Galileya, thangwi mukupwaza Yezu Afarisi alonga: ‘Saka mbuona kuti ku Galileya nee kunadzabuluka mprofeta.’ (Jwau 7:52) Athumburuzi na anyakudinga pinthu azinji asalonga kuti Afarisi akhapereka maonero akuti nzinda wakupwazika wa ku Galileya nee kwabuluka peno kunadzabuluka mprofeta. Khala pikhalonga Afarisi mphyandimomwene, pisaoneka kuti nee akhapwaza basi cakucitika ceneci, mbwenye akhapwazambo profesiya ya m’Bhibhlya.—Iza. 9:1, 2.
b Septuaginta yalonga kuti Yona agona mpaka kubveka n’khonono, kupangiza kuti iye akhadagona kakamwe. Mbwenye, nee tisafunika kunyerezera kuti Yona akhagona thangwi nee akhatsalakana pikhacitika. Tisafunika kukumbuka kuti m’midzidzi inango anthu akutsukwala asagona kakamwe. Mwacitsandzo, mu ndzidzi wakuti pinthu pikhanentsa kakamwe kwa Yezu m’munda wa Getsemani, Pedhru, Tiyago na Jwau ‘agona thangwi yakutsukwala.’—Luka 22:45.
c Fala Yacihebhere yakuti ‘ntsomba,’ yathumburuzwa n’Cigerego kuti ‘cirombo ca m’bara,’ peno ‘ntsomba ikulu kakamwe.’ Maseze nee tisadziwa kuti ukhali ntundu wanji wa ntsomba, mbwenye tisadziwa kuti ku Mediteraniyo kusagumanika ntsomba zikulu kakamwe zakudziwika na dzina ya nyume, zakuti zinakwanisa kukhudyula munthu. M’mbuto zinango, ntsomba zenezi zisakula kakamwe mpaka kufika makhono 15, peno kupiringana.