Naʻe Maʻu Moʻoni ʻe ʻĒpalahame ha Fanga Kāmeli?

NAʻE kau ʻa e fanga kāmelí ʻi he fanga manu lalata naʻe maʻu ʻe ʻĒpalahame meia Feló, ko e lau ia ʻa e Tohi Tapú. (Sen. 12:16) ʻI he taimi naʻe ʻalu ai ʻa e sevāniti ʻa ʻĒpalahamé ʻi ha fononga lōloa ki Mesopotēmiá, naʻá ne ‘ʻave ha kameli ʻe toko hongofulu ʻi he fanga kameli ʻa ʻene ʻeikí.’ Ko ia ʻoku fakamatalaʻi mahino ʻe he Tohi Tapú naʻe maʻu ʻe ʻĒpalahame ʻa e fanga kāmeli ʻi he kamataʻanga nai ʻo e mileniume hono ua K.M.—Sen. 24:10.

ʻOku ʻikai ke tali eni ʻe he niʻihi. Ko e New International Version Archaeological Study Bible ʻoku fakamatala ai: “Kuo tipeitiʻi ʻe he kau mataotaó e moʻoni fakahisitōlia ʻo e fakamatala ko eni ki he fanga kāmelí koeʻuhi ʻoku tui e tokolahi tahá ko e fanga manu ko ení naʻe ʻikai failahia hono fakalalata kinautolú ka ʻi he fakafuofua ki he 1200 K.M., ʻo fuoloa ia mei he taimi ʻo ʻĒpalahamé.” Ko ia ai ko ha lave Fakatohitapu fakahangatonu pē ki muʻa ange ki he fanga kāmelí ʻe vakai ki ai ko ha fakahokohoko taʻu hala, pe ko ha maʻuhala ki he fakahokohoko taʻú.

Kae kehe, ko e kau mataotao kehé ʻoku nau fakakikihiʻi ʻo pehē neongo ko e fakalalata e fanga kāmelí ne hoko ko ha meʻa mahuʻinga tefito he ngataʻanga nai ʻo e mileniume hono uá, ʻoku ʻikai ʻuhinga eni iá ne ʻikai ngāueʻaki ki muʻa ange e fanga kāmelí. Ko e tohi ko e Civilizations of the Ancient Near East ʻoku fakamatala ai: “Kuo fakahuʻunga he fekumi ki mui ní ko e fakalalata ʻo e kāmelí ne hoko ia he tonga-hahake ʻo ʻAlepeá ʻi ha taimi he mileniume hono tolu [K.M.]. ʻI he kamatá, ngalingali ne tauhi iá ke maʻu ai e huʻakau, fulufulu, leta, mo e kakanoʻi manu, ka ʻoku ngalingali ne ʻikai fuoloa mei ai kuo ngāueʻaki ia ko ha monumanu fua kavenga.” Ko e fakaʻaho ko eni ki muʻa he taimi ʻo ʻĒpalahamé ʻoku hā ngali poupouʻi ia ʻe he kongokonga hui mo e toetoenga keli fakatotolo kehe.

ʻOku toe ʻi ai mo e fakamoʻoni kuo tohi. Ko e tohi maʻuʻanga fakamatala tatau ʻoku pehē ai: “ʻI Mesopotēmia, ko e lisi tohi matatōtaó ʻoku lave ai ki he meʻamoʻui [ko e kāmelí] pea ʻoku fakahaaʻi ia ʻe ha ngaahi sila, ʻo fakamatalaʻi ai ko e monumanú ne tūʻuta nai ʻi Mesopotēmia he kamataʻanga ʻo e mileniume hono uá,” ko e taimi ia ʻo ʻĒpalahamé.

ʻOku tui e kau mataotao ʻe niʻihi ko e kau mēsianiti ʻAlepea Tonga ne nau kau he fefakatauʻaki ʻinisēnisí ne nau ngāueʻaki e fanga kāmelí ke uta fakatokelau ai ʻenau koloá fou he toafá, ʻo huʻu ki he feituʻu hangē ko ʻIsipite mo Sīliá ʻo fuofua ʻave ai e fanga kāmelí ki he feituʻu ko ení. Ko e fefakatauʻaki ko ení ne ngalingali failahia ia he konga ki muʻa ʻo e 2000 K.M. Ko e meʻa mālié, ʻoku lave he Senesi 37:25-28 ki he kau mēsianiti ʻIsimeʻeli ne nau ngāueʻaki e fanga kāmelí ke uta ai e ʻinisēnisí ki ʻIsipite he taʻu nai ʻe teau hili e taimi ʻo ʻĒpalahamé.

Mahalo pē ne ʻikai ngāueʻaki lahi e fanga kāmelí ʻi he Hahake Ofí he kuonga muʻá ʻi he kamataʻanga e mileniume hono ua K.M., ka ʻoku hā ngali fakapapauʻi ʻi he fakamoʻoní ne ʻikai ke taʻeʻiloa fakaʻaufuli kinautolu. Ko ia ai ko e International Standard Bible Encyclopedia ʻoku fakaʻosiʻaki ai: “ʻOku ʻikai kei fiemaʻu ke vakai ki he lave ki he fanga kāmeli ʻi he talanoa fakapēteliaké ko ha fakahokohoko taʻu hala, koeʻuhí ʻoku ʻi ai e fakamoʻoni feʻunga he keli fakatotoló ki he fakalalata ʻo e kāmelí ki muʻa he taimi ʻo e kau pēteliaké.”