Khiivo eliivuru ekina ya etiini eninvikana Biibiliya. Nave khiivo eliivuru ekina ewenrye okhaliherya vanceene sookupali sa atthu okathi munceene. Hata vari siiso, khiivo eliivuru ekina ehireere otokosiwa ni ovaanyihiwa onvikana Biibiliya.

Mwa ntakiheryo, asomi akina anihimya wira ikoopiya sa Biibiliya nrina ahu khonivarihana ni Biibiliya oopacerya. Prusoore mmosa a etiini ohimmye so: “Khaninsuwela oratteene akhala wira noottikiherya mwa enamuna yooloka ni yekeekhai soolepa sa mBiibiliyani. Nrina paahi ikoopiya sihireere itthu soohiloka, seiyo silempwale iyaakha sinceene nuumala Biibiliya oopacerya. Ohiya-vo, sookhala itthu sinceene sivirikanne ni ikoopiya soopacerya”.

Atthu akina vannaavila okupali wira Biibiliya nrina ahu teekeekhai, mwaha wa itthu etiini aya enikupali aya. Mwa ntakiheryo, nwehe yowiiraneya ya Faizal, yoowo ohuuwale etthoko ehikhanle ya maKristau. Owo iixuttihiwe wira Biibiliya eliivuru yowaarya masi muhupi aya wooturukiwa. Owo onihimya so: “Okathi wotheene mutthu aaphavela awe olavula ni miyo voohimya sa Biibiliya, miyo nkaakupali ele aahimya awe. Tthiri khuuvo mutthu orina Biibiliya oopacerya. Maana muhupi wa Biibiliya wooturukiwa!”

Niireke onnikhaliherya wala nnaari osuwela akhala wira muhupi wa Biibiliya wooturukiwa? Nkahaya muupuwele ela: Biibiliya onnileiherya itthu sinceene sooloka sinrowa wiiraneya muhoolo. Niireke nyuwo mwaamukupali sooleiherya iyo muhikupaliki wira saahikhala Biibiliya oopacerya? (aRoma 15:4) Niireke mwaamurumeela miruku sa mBiibiliyani okathi munipaka anyu soothanla suulupale sa muteko anyu, emusi anyu ni moota woomukokhorela Muluku akhala wira Biibiliya nrina ahu sookhala itthu soohiloka siheliwe okathi aakopiyariwa awe?

Ekeekhai wira iliivuru soopacerya sa Biibiliya khasikhanle. Masi hata vari siiso, sookhala ikoopiya sinceene sa Biibiliya silempwale ni matata. Ikoopiya iyo, siwenrye sai woopowa nnaamwi ovinre ene okathi munceene, yaakhanle atthu yaaphavela omala-maliha ni akina yaaphavela oturuka muhupi aya? Osuwela eyo enimookhaliheryani vanceene, maana munoolipiha omuroromela wanyu Biibiliya nrina ahu olelo-va. Ipaaxina sinittharelana, nnimoona yowiiraneya yoovara murima ya moota Biibiliya ooponwe awe.

Ophavela Opwetexiwa: Ikaruma saarumeeliwa wira olempwe Biibiliya ti papiro ni pergaminho.a (2 Timootheyo 4:​13) Moota xeeni ikaruma ahu saakhanle aya oomwiiriha Biibiliya ohoopowa?

Papiro ekaruma yowaakuva ohononeya, okhereya ni wuntta. Alopwana anisoma makhalelo a wExiitu wa khalai aniihaniwa Richard Parkinson ni Stephen Quirke ahimmye so: “Epaphelo ya papiro pooti ohononeya mpakha ohala ifiiyu wala ntthupi paahi. Okathi enisukiwa aya, eroolu ya papiro pooti onya mukwitha wala ohononeya mwaha wa oriirya. Nave pooti okhuuriwa ni axikokho otepexa wene ni oweexe”. Ipaphelo sinceene sa papiro saphwanyiwa ni nsuwa ninceene wala oriirya saanaakuva ohononeya.

Pergaminho onniviriha okathi munceene onvikana papiro, masi pergaminho onnaakuva ohononeya akhala wira onniphwanyiwa nsuwa ninceene wala oriirya.b Nave axikokho waasivela omukhuura pergaminho. Tivonto eliivuru A Escrita do Dia a Dia no Leste Greco-Romano ennihimya moota saasukiwa aya iliivuru khalai eriki: “Vaanivila iliivuru sa khalai oviriha okathi munceene wala woopowa”. Vaakhanle wira Biibiliya aahihononeya, muhupi awe khiwaarowa ophiya mpakha olelo-va.

MOOTA BIIBILIYA OOPONWE AWE: Nlamulo yaavahiwe aYuda, naahimya wira khula mwene “akilathi-ru vehijeni v’omwene awe, alepe [wala okopiyari] mulivuruni mwawe Ikano iya” wala iliivuru 5 soopacerya sa Biibiliya. (Otumererya 17:18) Nave atthu muteko aya waari okopiyari iliivuru, awo yaahipaka ikoopiya sinceene sa Biibiliya. Nto okathi wa arummwa, saahikhala ikoopiya sinceene musinagoga mwa Isarayeli ni mapuro makina oorakamela oMacedônia! (Luka 4:​16, 17; Miteko 17:11) Vaaweryaneyale sai soolempwa sa khalai ophiya mpakha olelo-va?

Musomi a Waataana wa Naanaano oniihaniwa Philip W. Comfort ohimmye so: “AYuda yaanipweha iroolu mmurinkini wala mmwaapuni wira sihononeye”. Eyo enooniherya wira maKristau yaanipaka etthu emosaru. Nto soolempwa sikina sa Biibiliya saahiphwanyiwa mmurinkini wa oloko ni makhuku ooriipela, otepexa wene mapuro oowuuma wala ooviha.

YOOKHUMELELA AYA: Olelo-va, sookhala mipantta sinceene sa Biibiliya, sikina ti sa iyaakha 2.000 sivinre. Khiivo eliivuru ekina ya khalai erina ikoopiya sinceene onvikana Biibiliya.

Ophavela Opwetexiwa: Ahooleli anceene a epoliitika ni a etiini, yaahimananiha ovitha muhupi wa Biibiliya. Awo yaamakela orumeela okhulupale aya wira yaakhoottiherye atthu okhalana, ompaka ni omutaphulela Biibiliya. Nwehe matakiheryo manli:

• Mwaakha 167 Kristu ohinatthi orwa: Mwene Antíoco Epifânio aaphavela waakhanyererya aYuda ohiya etiini aya wira akele etiini ya Akereku. Wira opake eyo, owo aahiruma opwetexiwa ikoopiya sotheene sa Soolempwa sa eHeeberi. Mulipa oolepa sowiiraneya oniihaniwa Heinrich Graetz ohimmye wira atthu yaarummwale ni mwene ole “yaanikhera ni opaha iroolu sa Nlamulo khula opuro yaaphwanya aya, nave yaanimwiiva khula mutthu aasoma iroolu iyo ophavelaka nimaaliho ni ikuru”.

• Idade Média: Makhulupale akina a Ekerexa Katoolika yaahinyoonyiheya mwaha woowi atthu akina a etiini ele yaaniwiixuttiha atthu myaha sa mBiibiliyani ohiya owiixuttiha soolema sa etiini ele. Nto yaaninvaha nsina noowi hereges wala nammwareya khula mutthu aarina soolepa sa Biibiliya wala Isaalimo sa eLatim. Muthukumano mmosa wa makhulupale a ekerexa ele, naahipakiwa nlamulo nna: “Mukhaleke oororomeleya ni ooluttuweliwa mmwaavyaka khula herege wala nammwareya . . . murowaka khula empa wala mapuro munoona anyu wira soottukuttheriwa [iroolu] . . . . Nto khula empa munrowa anyu omphwanya herege [wala eroolu] muhaana opaha”.

Vaakhanle wira awanani a Biibiliya yaahiwerya omala-malaiha, muhupi awe waamurimeela.

MOOTA BIIBILIYA OOPONWE AWE: Ekampaanya ya mwene Antíoco Epifânio aaphavelexa atthu a nloko na Isarayeli. Masi yaahikhala aYuda anceene yaakhala ilapo sikina. Tthiri asomi anceene anihimya wira okathi wa arummwa, aYuda anceene yakhala ilapo sikina ohiya wIsarayeli. Nto musinagoga mwaya, aYuda yaanipweha ikoopiya sa Soolempwa. Iyo saahirumeeliwa ni maloko makina waahela muhina maKristau.—Miteko 15:21.

Okathi ole waasuweliwe okhala Idade Média, atthu otheene yaasiveliwa Biibiliya yaanilupatthiwa, hata vaari siiso, awo khiyaahiyale omutaphulela ni okopiyari Soolempwa. Iyaakha sa 1450, yaahipakiwa maakina animpirimiri. Masi vanikhala ntoko wira ohinatthi ophiya okathi ole, mipantta sa Biibiliya saaniphwanyaneya mattaava 33. Masi nuumala okumiheriwa maakina ale oowimpirimiri, Biibiliya aahipacerya otaphuleliwa ni wimpirimiriwa ovikana khalai.

YOOKHUMELELA AYA: Nnaamwi mamwene oowerya ni ahooleli a itiini yaamananinhe ommala-maliha Biibiliya, olelo-va Biibiliya eliivuru ehireere otaphuleliwa ni okaiwa olumwenku wotheene. Biibiliya onnikhaliherya malamulo ni mattaava a ilapo sinceene ni ohaakhaliherya atthu imilyau sinceene.

OPHAVELA OPWETEXIWA: Makhalelo a okathi ni olupatthiwa ni atthu yaarina okhulupale, khawenrye ommala-maliha Biibiliya. Hata vari siiso, anamataphulela ni atthu akina yaamukopiyari, yaaniphavela oturuka muhupi wa Biibiliya. Okathi mukina awo yaaniphavela oturuka muhupi wa Biibiliya wira ovarihaneke ni soolema saya ohiya soolema saya ovarihanaka ni Biibiliya. Nwehe matakiheryo vakhaani:

• Mapuro a okokhorela: Asamariya yaaphavela wira Biibiliya okhaliheryeke muupuwelo aya woowi etemplo yaahaana otekiwa Mwaako Garizimi. Nto eriyari ya eseekulu 4 ni eseekulu 2 Kristu ohinatthi orwa, atthu yaakopiyari iliivuru 5 soopacerya sa Biibiliya yaaheererya oturuka moolumo ari nuumala yoolepa ya Okhuma 20:17 ahimyaka wira “omwako Garizimi. Ti vaavo mukhanle anyu oomuteka altaari”.

• Yowiixuttiha ya Amuluku Araru: Sihinatthi ophiya iyaakha 300 nuumala Biibiliya omalihiwa olempwa, mulopwana oolepa aakupali yowiixuttiha ya amuluku araru aaniphavela oturuka yoolepa ya 1 Yohani 5:7, owo aahincererya moolumo oowi “wiirimu ookhala Tiithi, Nuulumo, ni Munepa Wowaarya: otheene ala ori mmosa paahi”. Moolumo ala khiyaakhanle eversiikulu yoopacerya. Musomi mmosa a Biibiliya oniihaniwa Bruce Metzger ohimmye so: “Okhuma eseekulu 6 orowa ohoolo, moolumo awo anniphwanyaneya ikwaha sinceene soolempwa sa Elatim ya Khalai ni Vugata”.

• Nsina na Muluku: Anamataphulela anceene a Biibiliya, yaahihapuxiwa ni yoolema ya aYuda, nto yaahikumiha nsina na Muluku aBiibiliya yaataphulela aya. Awo yaahirantteliha nsina na Muluku ni mwiihanelo wa nttittimiho woowi “Muluku” wala “Apwiya”, moolumo yaawo Biibiliya onirumeela awe okathi onimuhimya awe Mpattuxa ni okathi onaahimya awe apinaatamu, itthu sinikokhoreliwa ni Diabo.​—Yohani 10:34, 35; 1 aKorinto 8:​5, 6; 2 aKorinto 4:4.a

MOOTA BIIBILIYA OOPONWE AWE: Yoopacerya, ekeekhai wira atthu akina yaamukopiyari Biibiliya khiyaasuwela omukopiyari oratteene Biibiliya. Masi atthu anceene yaamukopiyari yaanisuwela omukopiyari ni yaaniixuttihiwa moota woovara muteko owo. Mwa ntakiheryo, iyaakha 500 ni 900 nuumala Kristu orwa, atthu yaasuweliwa okhala Masoretas yaahikopiyari Soolempwa sa eHeeberi, ikoopiya iyo saahisuweliwa okhala ikoopiya masoretiko. Awo yaanikontari ileetera wira awehe yahaafalyanri. Akhala wira yoona wira mpantta yaakopiyari aya waahifalyariwa, awo yaanihela enoota mukerekhere mwa epaaxina. Atthu ale yaasuweliwa okhala Masoretas khiyaaphavela omuturuka Biibiliya. Prusoore oniihaniwa Moshe Goshen-Gottstein olempe so: “Awo yaanoona wira efaalya yaamukhaani yaari ekrime yuulupale”.

Ya nenli, ikoopiya sinceene sikhanle olelo-va sinnaakhaliherya asomi oweha mapuro yaafalyariwe okathi aakopiyariwa awe. Mwa ntakiheryo, mwa iseekulu sinceene, ahooleli a itiini yiixuttiha wira aBiibiliya yaataphuleliwe ni nttaava na Elatim yaari aBiibiliya eekeekhai. Masi awo yaahincererya moolumo yoolepa ya 1 Yohani 5:7 nilavunle ahu. Moolumo awo yaafalyariwe, yaahiwiiriha aBiibiliya akina ohitaphuleliwa saana ntoko Biibiliya Versão Rei Jaime! Masi, etthu xeeni yooniwe nuumala ophwanyiwa ikoopiya sikina? Bruce Metzger olempe so: “Moolumo [ari 1 Yohani 5:7] khiyaakhanle ikoopiya sa khalai ntoko (siríaco, copta, armênio, etíope, árabe, eslavônio) ari paahi nttaava na Elatim”. Nto, aBiibiliya akina yaalokiheriwe ntoko Versão Rei Jaeime ni akina aakumiha moolumo awo yaahaakhanle Biibiliya oopacerya.

Niireke soolempwa wala ikoopiya sa khalai sinnooniherya wira muhupi wa Biibiliya khoturukiwe? Mwaakha wa 1947 saahiphwanyiwa Iroolu sa Ephareya Yookhwa. Nto asomi anceene yaahilikanyiha ikoopiya Masoretiko sa eHeeberi ni iroolu iyo, seiyo saalempwale iyaakha sinivikana 1000 sivinre. Musomi mmosa iirenle mpantta ekrupu ya asomi yaatokonse Iroolu sa Ephareya Yookhwa, ohimmye wira eroolu emosa paahi “ennooniherya oratteene wira muhupi wa Biibiliya waalempwale ni matata ni aYuda ni ale yaakopiyari iyaakha sinivikana 1000 sivinre, awo yaahilepa ni okopiyari oratteene ni moororomeleya”.

Ebiblioteca Chester Beatty, eri oDublin, wIrlanda yookhalana ikoopiya sa epapiro sa iliivuru soopacerya sa Soolempwa sa Ekereku sa Ekristau. Sikina ti sa eseekulu ya nenli nuumala Kristu orwa, niire so, nuuvira iyaakha 100 Biibiliya omalihiwe ene olempwa. Dicionário Bíblico Anchor ohimmye so: “Epapiro enninikhaliherya osuwela itthu sikina voohimya moota aari ari awe [Biibiliya oopacerya], masi-tho ennooniherya wira muhupi wa Biibiliya waahilempwa mwa enamuna yooloka”.

YOOKHUMELELA AYA: Ikoopiya sinceene sa Biibiliya sikhanle, ohiya wuncererya itthu sifalyariwe, iyo sookhaliherya muhupi wa Biibiliya otepa okhala wooloka. Olavulaka voohimya sa Soolempwa sa Ekereku, Sir Frederic Kenyon olempe so: “Khiivo eliivuru ekina ya khalai erina ikoopiya sinceene sinooniherya itthu sekeekhai sa muhupi aya [ovikana Soolempwa sa Ekereku]. Khula musomi ohirina nthalu onnikupali wira soolepa nrina ahu olelo-va khekhanle etthu eturukiwe”. Nave olavulaka sa Soolempwa sa eHeeberi, musomi William Henry Green ohimmye so: “Pooti ohimya ni murima wotheene wira khiivo eliivuru ekina ya khalai eri yekeekhai ovikana ela”.

Biibiliya ohoopowa, niire so, khomala-malihiwe ni khohononiwe. Nto mwaha waivaavo, olelo-va nyuwo pooti omusoma Biibiliya. Akhala wira munoothanla omusoma Biibiliya otaphuleliwe saana, mukupaliki ni murima wotheene wira munisoma muhupi waari Biibiliya oopacerya.a Masi xeeni Biibiliya ohalaka woopowa nnaamwi saakhanle itthu saakhanle ompwetexa ntoko makhalelo a okathi, olupatthiwa ni atthu akina yaaphavela oturuka muhupi awe? Xeeni eliivuru ela eri aya ya vameekhaaya?

Atthu anceene animusoma Biibiliya annikhalana moonelo mmosaru aarina awe murummwa Paulo, yoowo aalempe so: “Soolempwa sotheene sinikhuma wa Muluku”. (2 Timootheyo 3:16) Atthu awo annisuwela wira Biibiliya ohoopowa mwaha woowi Nuulumo na Muluku ni Muluku oomukhapelela. Faizal, olavuliwe mwaha woopacerya wa erevista ela, aahimusoma Biibiliya wira osuwele akhala wira eyo ekeekhai. Owo aahitikinihiwa vanceene ni etthu aaphwannye awe. Owo aahoona wira itthu siniixuttiha aya itiini siniihimya okhala maKristau khasikhanle mBiibiliyani. Nave aahihakalala vanceene wiixutta ele Nuulumo na Muluku ninhimya aya voohimya sa yoolakela ya Muluku ni elapo.

Owo onihimya so: “Vano kinnikupali ni murima wotheene wira Biibiliya kirina aka yoovaha enikhuma wa Muluku. Tthiri Muluku topanke olumwenku. Niireke owo khaarowa onivaha eliivuru ni okhapelela eliivuru eyo? Ohikupali eyo, enooniherya wira mutthu khonikupali owerya wa Muluku. Nave waarowa okhala opweha mukano ikuru sa Muluku Oowerya Sotheene. Kiireke miyo kihaana waanyiherya ikuru sa Muluku?”—Yesaya 40:8.