Incwadi YeBhayibhile 61—2 Petros

Umbhali: NguPetros

Indawo Eyabhalelwa Kuyo: EBhabheli (?)

Ukugqitywa Kokubhalwa Kwayo: Malunga nowama-64 C.E.

 1. Ziziphi izibakala ezingqina ukuba uPetros ungumbhali weyesiBini kaPetros?

XA UPETROS wayeqalisa ukubhala incwadi yakhe yesibini, wakuqonda ukuba wayeza kujamelana nokufa kungekudala. Wayelangazelela ukukhumbuza amaKristu angoowabo ngokubaluleka kolwazi oluchanileyo ukuwanceda ukuze ahlale enenzondelelo kubulungiseleli bawo. Ngaba kukho nasiphi na isizathu sokuthandabuza ukuba umpostile uPetros wayengumbhali wencwadi yesibini ebizwa ngegama lakhe? Le ncwadi ngokwayo iphelisa nawaphi na amathandabuzo anokubakho ngombhali wayo. Umbhali uthi yena ‘nguSimon Petros, umkhonzi nompostile kaYesu Kristu.’ (2 Pet. 1:1) Ubhekisela kuyo ‘njengencwadi yesibini endinibhalela yona.’ (3:1) Uthetha ngaye njengengqina lokuzibonela lokwenziwa kumila kumbi kukaYesu Kristu, ilungelo uPetros awalixhamla noYakobi noYohane, yaye ubhala ngalo enemvakalelo yengqina lokuzibonela. (1:16-21) Ukhankanya ukuba uYesu wakuxela kwangaphambili ukufa kwakhe.—2 Pet. 1:14; Yoh. 21:18, 19.

 2. Yintoni engqina ukuba eyesiBini kaPetros iyinxalenye yemibhalo engcwele?

² Noko ke, bambi abahlalutyi baye balatha kukwahlukana kwesimbo ezibhalwe ngaso ezi ncwadi zimbini njengesizathu sokungakholelwa kwisibakala sokuba incwadi yesibini yabhalwa nguPetros. Kodwa oku akufanele kubangele ngxaki yokwenene, kuba umbandela nenjongo yokubhalwa kwayo yayahlukile. Ukongezelela, uPetros wayibhala incwadi yakhe yokuqala, “ngoSilvano, umzalwana othembekileyo.” Yaye ukuba uSilvano wayenikwe inkululeko ethile yokwenza izivakalisi, oku kusenokuba sisizathu sokwahluka kwesimbo sokubhalwa kwezi ncwadi zimbini, ekubeni kubonakala ukuba uSilvano akazange abe nanxaxheba ekubhaleni incwadi yesibini. (1 Pet. 5:12) Nesibakala sokuba iyinxalenye yemibhalo engcwele sabangela iimpikiswano kuba “ayizange ingqinelwe ngokupheleleyo ngabaseki becawa.” Noko ke, njengoko kusenokuphawulwa ngokusuka kwisicangca esithi “Uludwe Lwamandulo Lweencwadi Ezibalaseleyo ZeZibhalo ZamaKristu ZesiGrike,” eyesiBini kaPetros yayigqalwa njengenxalenye yoludwe lweencwadi zeBhayibhile liqela lamagunya athile ngaphambi kweBhunga lesiThathu laseCarthage.a

 3. Kubonakala ukuba eyesiBini kaPetros yabhalwa nini yaye phi, yaye yayibhalelwa oobani?

³ Yabhalwa nini incwadi yesibini kaPetros? Kusenokwenzeka ukuba yabhalwa malunga nowama-64 C.E. eBhabheli okanye kuloo ngingqi, kungethuba lide emva kwencwadi yokuqala, kodwa akukho bungqina bungqalileyo, ingakumbi ngokuphathelele indawo yokubhalwa kwayo. Ngexesha lokubhalwa kwayo, inkoliso yeencwadi zikaPawulos zazihanjiswa phakathi kwamabandla yaye wayezazi uPetros, awayezigqala njengeziphefumlelwe nguThixo waza wazibalela kuluhlu lwazo “nezinye izibhalo.” Incwadi yesibini kaPetros ibhalelwa “abo baluzuzileyo ukholo oluxabiso lunye nolwethu,” yaye iquka abo babebhalelwe incwadi yokuqala nabanye awashumayela kubo uPetros. Kanye njengokuba incwadi yokuqala yahanjiswa kwimimandla emininzi, ngokunjalo kwenzeka kwangolo hlobo nakwincwadi yesibini.—2 Pet. 3:15, 16; 1:1; 3:1; 1 Pet. 1:1.

OKUQULETHWE YEYESIBINI KAPETROS

 4. (a) Abazalwana banokuzabalazela njani ukuba ngabavelisa isiqhamo ngokuphathelele ulwazi oluchanileyo, kwaye bathenjiswa ntoni? (b) Ilizwi elibuprofeti liqinisekiswa ngakumbi njani, yaye kutheni limele linyanyekelwe nje?

⁴ Ukulwenza luqine ubizo loBukumkani basezulwini (1:1-21). Akalibazisi uPetros ukubonisa inkxalabo yothando ngabo “baluzuzileyo ukholo.” Unomnqweno wokuba ubabalo noxolo lwandiswe kubo “ngokumazi [“ngokuchanileyo,” NW] uThixo, noYesu, iNkosi yethu.” UThixo uye wabapha nje “amadinga amakhulukazi, anqabileyo,” abanokuthi ngawo babe ngamadlelane ngemvelo yobuthixo. Ngoko ke, mabathi ngokukhuthala konke bongezelele elukholweni lwabo isidima, ukwazi, ukuzeyisa, umonde, ukuhlonela uThixo, uthando lobuzalwana nothando. Ukuba ezi mpawu ziyaphuphuma kubo, abanakuze babe ngabanqenayo okanye abangenasiqhamo ngokuphathelele ulwazi oluchanileyo. Abazalwana bafanele benze konke okusemandleni abo beqinisekisa ubizo nokunyulwa kwabo, ndawonye nokungena kwabo kuBukumkani obungunaphakade beNkosi yabo. Esazi nje ukuba ‘kukufuphi ukubekwa komnquma wakhe,’ uPetros ukukhuthalele ukubakhumbuza ngezi zinto ukuze bakwazi ukuthetha ngazo emva kokuhamba kwakhe. UPetros wayelingqina lokuzibonela ukuzukiswa kukaKristu kwintaba engcwele xa ‘kwaziswa kuye, bubuqaqawuli obubalaseleyo, izwi elinjengeli: Lo nguNyana wam oyintanda, endikholisiweyo mna nguye.’ Ngaloo ndlela, ilizwi lesiprofeto liqinisekiswe ngakumbi, yaye lifanele lithotyelwe, kuba likho kungengakuthanda kwamntu kodwa “bathi abantu abangcwele bakaThixo bathetha beqhutywa ngumoya oyingcwele.”—1:1, 2, 4, 14, 17, 21.

 5. Sisiphi isilumkiso uPetros asinikelayo ngokuchasene nabafundisi bobuxoki, yaye yiyiphi imizekeliso enamandla ayisebenzisayo ngokuqiniseka kwemigwebo kaThixo ngokuchasene nabantu abanjalo?

⁵ Isilumkiso esinamandla ngokuchasene nabafundisi bobuxoki (2:1-22). Abaprofeti nabafundisi bobuxoki baya kuzisa amahlelo entshabalalo, bekhuthaza ihambo evakalala, besizisa ugculelo enyanisweni. Kodwa intshabalalo yabo ayozeli. UThixo akazange akuyeke ukuzohlwaya izithunywa zezulu ezonayo, ukuzisa unogumbe womhla kaNowa, okanye ukuyenza ibe luthuthu iSodom neGomora. Kodwa wasindisa umshumayeli uNowa nelungisa elinguLothe, ngoko “iyakwazi iNkosi ukubahlangula ekuhendweni abahlonela uThixo; ke abangemalungisa ibagcinele imini yomgwebo, ukuba babethwe.” Kuba aba ngabasileyo, abenza ngokuzithandela, njengezilwanyana ezingaqiqiyo, abanalwazi, ngabanyelisi, abavuyela iimfundiso zolahlekiso, abakrexezi, amabawa, yaye banjengoBhileham ukuthanda inzuzo yokungalungisi. Bathembisa inkululeko kodwa bona ngokwabo bangamakhoboka okonakala. Ngekubalungele kanye ke ukuba bebengayazanga indlela yobulungisa, kuba iye yangqineka iyinyaniso kubo intetho ethi: “Inja ibuyele emhlanzweni wayo, nehagukazi eyahlanjwayo iye ekuzityikatyikeni eludakeni.”—2:9, 22.

 6. (a) Siyintoni isizathu sokubhala kukaPetros, yaye uthini ngokuphathelele idinga likaThixo? (b) Ngokwahlukileyo kubagxeki, amaKristu anokuzibonakalisa njani engaphaphileyo?

⁶ Ukusoloko sikhumbula imini kaYehova (3:1-18). UPetros ubhala ukuze avuselele amandla okucinga amaKristu, ukuze awakhumbule amazwi awathethwa ngaphambili. Ngemihla yokugqibela kuya kubakho abagxeki abathi: “Liphi na kaloku idinga lokufika” kukaKristu? Aba bantu bayayilibala into yokuba uThixo walitshabalalisa ihlabathi lamaxesha amandulo ngamanzi yaye “izulu langoku, nawo umhlaba lo, kwangelo lizwi ezo zinto ziqwetyelwe, zigcinelwe, umlilo,” kwaye “kuse kwimini yomgwebo nentshabalalo yabantu abangahloneli Thixo.” Iminyaka eliwaka kuYehova injengemini enye, ngoko “iNkosi ayilibali dinga,” kodwa inomonde, inganqweneli ukuba kungatshabalala nabani. Ngenxa yoko, amaKristu afanele ayiphaphele ihambo yawo yaye afanele enze imisebenzi yokuhlonela uThixo njengoko elindele yaye esoloko ekhumbula ukufika kwemini kaYehova, aya kuthi ngayo amazulu atshatyalaliswe ngomlilo zithi neziqalelo zinyityilikiswe bubushushu obungathethekiyo. Kodwa kusaya kubakho “elitsha izulu, nomtsha umhlaba” ngokwedinga likaThixo.—3:4, 7, 9, 13.

 7. Ekubeni enolu lwazi luphangaleleyo, amaKristu anokuzibhokoxa njani?

⁷ Ngenxa yoko, afanele enze konke okusemandleni awo ‘ukuba afunyanwe ekuye eseluxolweni, engenabala, engenasiphako.’ Afanele akubalele ekuthini lusindiso ukuzeka kade umsindo kweNkosi yawo, njengoko uPawulos oyintanda wawabhalelayo. Ngolu lwazi luphangaleleyo, mawalumke ukuba angabi buthathaka kwinzondelelo yawo. UPetros uqukumbela ngokuthi, “khulani ke elubabalweni nasekuyazini iNkosi yethu, uMsindisi uYesu Kristu. Kuye malubekho uzuko nangoku, kuse nakwimini engunaphakade.”—3:14, 18.

ISIZATHU SOKUBA IBE YINGENELO

 8. (a) UPetros ubunikela njani ubungqina bokuba iZibhalo zesiHebhere nezesiGrike ziphefumlelwe? (b) Siya kungenelwa njani ngokubambelela ngokuqinileyo elwazini oluchanileyo?

⁸ Hayi indlela olufuneka ngayo ulwazi oluchanileyo! UPetros ngokwakhe kumazwi akhe ucaphula kulwazi oluchanileyo aluzuze kwiZibhalo zesiHebhere. Uyangqina ukuba zaziphefumlelwe ngumoya oyingcwele: “Kuba akukhanga kubekho siprofeto ngokuthanda komntu; bathi abantu abangcwele bakaThixo bathetha beqhutywa nguMoya oyiNgcwele.” Kwakhona, walatha kwisibakala sokuba ubulumko uPawulos awayenabo ‘wayebunikiwe.’ (1:21; 3:15) Singenelwa gqitha ngokuqwalasela zonke ezi Zibhalo ziphefumlelweyo nangokubambelela ngokuqinileyo kulwazi oluchanileyo. Siya kwandula ke singaze sibe ngabayekelela umxakatho, njengabo uPetros abachaza njengabathi: “Izinto zonke zahlala zihleli zinjengokwasekuqalekeni kwendalo.” (3:4) Singasayi kuze sibuyele kwimigibe yabafundisi bobuxoki enjengaleyo uPetros ayichaza kwisahluko 2 sencwadi yakhe. Kunoko, siya kuhlala sicinga nzulu ngamazwi akhumbuzayo anikelwa nguPetros nabanye ababhali beBhayibhile. La mazwi aya kusinceda ukuze sihlale ‘sizimasekile enyanisweni’ size ngomonde nangenzondelelo ‘sikhulele elubabalweni nasekuyazini iNkosi yethu, uMsindisi uYesu Kristu.’—1:12; 3:18.

 9. Nguwuphi umgudu wenkuthalo esikhuthazelwa ukuba siwenze, yaye ngoba?

⁹ Njengoncedo ekukhuliseni ‘ulwazi oluchanileyo ngoThixo nangoYesu iNkosi yethu,’ uPetros uncomela umgudu wenkuthalo ekwakheni ezo mpawu zobuKristu zichazwe kwisahluko 1, indinyana 5 kuse kweyesi-7. Wandula ke, kwindinyana 8, ongezelele esithi: “Kuba xa zikhoyo ezo zinto kuni, zisanda, zinenza ukuba ninganqeni, ningabi ngabaswele isiqhamo ekuyazini iNkosi yethu uYesu Kristu.” Enyanisweni olu lukhuthazo oluhle emsebenzini njengabalungiseleli bakaThixo kule mihla inomngcipheko!—1:2.

10. (a) Ngawaphi amadinga uPetros agxininisa kuwo, yaye sisiphi isiluleko asinikelayo ngokunxulumene nawo? (b) Sisiphi isiqinisekiso uPetros asinikelayo ngokuphathelele iziprofeto ezingoBukumkani?

¹⁰ Hayi indlela ekubaluleke ngayo ukuzibhokoxa kukabani kangangoko anako ukuze abe lidlelane eliqinisekileyo ‘kumadinga amakhulukazi’ kaYehova uThixo! Ngoko kungeso sizathu le nto uPetros eluleka amaKristu athanjisiweyo ukuba awagcine amehlo awo etsoliswe kusukelo loBukumkani, ngokuthi: “Endithi ngoko, bazalwana, makube kukhona nikukhuthalele ukulwenza luqine ubizo nonyulo lwenu; kuba, nakuzenza ezo zinto, anisayi kukha nikhubeke. Kuba ngokunjalo nophiwa ngokobutyebi ukungena ebukumkanini obungunaphakade beNkosi yethu, uMsindisi uYesu Kristu.” Wandula ke uPetros atsalele ingqalelo kubukhulu bozuko loBukumkani bukaYesu, aye waba lingqina lokuzibonela ngombono wokwenziwa kumila kumbi, aze ongezelele ngokuthi: “Kanjalo sinalo nelona lizwi liqinisekileyo elilelobuprofeti.” Enyanisweni, sonke isiprofeto esiphathelele uzuko loBukumkani bukaYehova ngokuqinisekileyo siya kuzalisekiswa. Ngaloo ndlela, siwaphinda siqinisekile amazwi kaPetros acatshulwe kwisiprofeto sikaIsaya athi: “Thina ke ngokwedinga lakhe silinde elitsha izulu, nomtsha umhlaba, apho kumi ubulungisa.”—2 Pet. 1:4, 10, 11, 19; 3:13; Isa. 65:17, 18.

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