Ngoobani Abaya Kuvuswa?
“Musani ukumangaliswa koku, kuba liyeza ilixa ekuya kuthi ngalo bonke abo bakumangcwaba enkumbulo balive ilizwi lakhe baze baphume.”—YOHANE 5:28, 29.
1. Ngawaphi amazwi abalaseleyo aviwa nguMoses kwityholo lameva elivuthayo, ibe ngubani owaphinda wawathetha kamva?
KWIMINYAKA engaphezu kwama-3 500 eyadlulayo kwenzeka into engaqhelekanga. UMoses wayesalusa umhlambi weegusha zikasolusapho uYitro. Kufuphi neNtaba iHorebhe, ingelosi kaYehova yabonakala kuMoses isedangatyeni lomlilo kwityholo elinameva. Ingxelo ye-Eksodus ithi: ‘Njengoko wayekhangale, wabona ityholo elinameva livutha ngumlilo kodwa lingade litshe liphele.’ Emva koko kwaphuma ilizwi apho kwityholo elinameva. Lathi: “NdinguThixo kayihlo, uThixo ka-Abraham, uThixo kaIsake noThixo kaYakobi.” (Eksodus 3:1-6) Kamva, kwinkulungwane yokuqala yeXesha Eliqhelekileyo, loo mazwi aphindwa nguNyana kaThixo ngokwakhe, uYesu.
2, 3. (a) Liliphi ithemba abanalo uAbraham, uIsake noYakobi? (b) Yiyiphi imibuzo ephakamayo?
2 UYesu wayexubusha nabaSadusi abathile, ababengakholelwa kuvuko. UYesu wathi: “Into yokuba abafileyo bayavuswa kwanoMoses wayityhila, kwingxelo ephathelele ityholo elinameva, xa ebiza uYehova ngokuthi ‘uThixo ka-Abraham noThixo kaIsake noThixo kaYakobi.’ AkangoThixo wabafileyo, kodwa ngowabaphilayo, kuba bonke bayaphila kuye.” (Luka 20:27, 37, 38) Ngala mazwi, uYesu wangqina ukuba kuThixo uAbraham, uIsake noYakobi abafa kudala basaphila kwinkumbulo yakhe. NjengoYobhi, balinde ukuphela ‘komsebenzi wabo osisinyanzelo,’ ukulala ekufeni. (Yobhi 14:14) Kwihlabathi elitsha likaThixo baya kuvuswa.
3 Kodwa kuthekani ngamawaka ezigidi zabanye abantu abaye bafa ukutyhubela imbali yoluntu? Ngaba nabo baya kuvuswa? Ngaphambi kokuba sifumane impendulo eyanelisayo kulo mbuzo, makhe sive ukuba iLizwi likaThixo lithi bayaphi abantu xa besifa.
Bayaphi Abantu Abafileyo?
4. (a) Abantu bayaphi xa besifa? (b) Yintoni iShiyol?
4 IBhayibhile ithi abafileyo “abazi nto konke konke.” Abafileyo abathuthunjiswa kwisihogo somlilo, abakho kwintlungu yokulinda ukuza kukaNxele eLimbo, kunoko babuyela eluthulini. Ngoko, iLizwi likaThixo licebisa abaphilayo oku: “Konke esikufumanayo ukuba sikwenze isandla sakho kwenze ngamandla akho onke, kuba akukho msebenzi nakuyila nakwazi nakulumka eShiyol, kwindawo oya kuyo.” (INtshumayeli 9:5, 10; Genesis 3:19) Igama elithi “Shiyol,” aliqhelekanga kwabaninzi. Ligama lesiHebhere engaziwayo imvelaphi yalo. Icawa ezininzi zifundisa ukuba abafileyo basaphila, kodwa njengokuba iLizwi likaThixo eliphefumlelweyo libonisa, abo baseShiyol bafile, abazi nto konke konke. IShiyol lingcwaba eliqhelekileyo loluntu.
5, 6. UYakobi waya phi ukufa kwakhe, ibe ngoobani abanye ababelapho?
5 EBhayibhileni, siva okokuqala ngegama ‘iShiyol’ kwiGenesis 37:35. Xa kwakucaca ukuba uYosefu, unyana wakhe oyintanda ufile, usolusapho uYakobi akazange avume ukuthuthuzeleka, wathi: “Ndakude ndihle ndiye kunyana wam eShiyol ndisazilile!” Ecinga ukuba unyana wakhe ufile, uYakobi wayenqwenela ukufa aye eShiyol. Kamva, oonyana abasithoba abadala bakaYakobi bafuna ukuhamba nomninawa wabo uBhenjamin ukuya kufuna ukutya eYiputa. Kodwa uYakobi wala esithi: “Unyana wam akasayi kuhla nani, kuba umntakwabo ufile kwaye yena usele yedwa. Ukuba uthe wahlelwa yingozi ebulalayo endleleni eniyihambayo, ngokuqinisekileyo ke ngoko niya kuzihlisela izimvi zam eShiyol ndisentlungwini.” (Genesis 42:36, 38) Zombini ezi ngxelo zinxulumanisa iShiyol nokufa, kungekhona nobomi obuthile emva kokufa.
6 Ingxelo yeGenesis ibonisa ukuba uYosefu waba ngumlawuli wokutya eYiputa. Ngenxa yoko, uYakobi waba nenyhweba yokuya kuhlangana noYosefu apho. Emva koko, uYakobi wahlala kwelo lizwe de wafa sele ekhulile eneminyaka eli-147 ubudala. Ngokomyolelo wakhe, oonyana bakhe bathabatha umzimba wakhe baya kuwungcwaba kumqolomba oseMakaphela kwilizwe laseKanan. (Genesis 47:28; 49:29-31; 50:12, 13) Ngoko, uYakobi wangcwatywa noIsake, uyise noAbraham, uyisemkhulu.
‘Bahlanganiselwa Kookhokho Babo’
7, 8. (a) UAbraham waya phi ukufa kwakhe? Cacisa. (b) Yintoni ebonisa ukuba nabanye baya eShiyol ukufa kwabo?
7 Ngaphambili, xa uYehova wayeqinisekisa umnqophiso wakhe noAbraham nesithembiso sokuba imbewu yakhe iya kwanda ibe ninzi, wabonisa oko kwakuza kwenzeka kuAbraham. UYehova wathi: “Ke wena, uya kuya kookhokho bakho unoxolo; uya kungcwatywa ukubudala obupheleleyo.” (Genesis 15:15) Ibe kwenzeka kanye oko. IGenesis 25:8 ithi: “Wabhubha ke uAbraham, wafa eyingwevu enkulu, aluphele yaye anelisekile, waza wahlanganiselwa kubantu bakowabo.” Yayingoobani aba bantu bakowabo? IGenesis 11:10-26 inoludwe lookhokho bakhe ukususela emva kunyana kaNowa uShem. Ngaba bantu babesele beseShiyol aba wahlanganiselwa kubo uAbraham ukufa kwakhe.
8 Amazwi athi “wahlanganiselwa kubantu bakowabo” avela kaninzi kwiZibhalo zesiHebhere. Ngoko, kusengqiqweni ukugqiba ekubeni unyana ka-Abraham uIshmayeli nomntakwabo Moses, uAron baya eShiyol ukufa kwabo, apho babeza kulinda uvuko. (Genesis 25:17; Numeri 20:23-29) Ngokunjalo, noMoses waya eShiyol, nakuba kungekho namnye owayesazi apho likhoyo ingcwaba lakhe. (Numeri 27:13; Duteronomi 34:5, 6) Ngokufanayo, uYoshuwa, owangena ezihlangwini zikaMoses wakhokela amaSirayeli, naso sonke isizukulwana sabantu, baya eShiyol ukufa kwabo.—ABagwebi 2:8-10.
9. (a) IBhayibhile ibonisa njani ukuba igama lesiHebhere elithi “Shiyol” negama lesiGrike elithi “Hadesi” abhekisela kwindawo enye? (b) Liliphi ithemba abanalo abo baseShiyol, okanye eHadesi?
9 Kwiinkulungwane kamva, uDavide waba ngukumkani wezizwe ezili-12 zakwaSirayeli. Ukufa kwakhe, “walala kookhokho bakhe.” (1 Kumkani 2:10) Ngaba naye waya eShiyol? Okubangel’ umdla kukuba, ngePentekoste yowama-33 C.E., umpostile uPetros wabhekisela ekufeni kukaDavide waza wacaphula iNdumiso 16:10 ethi: “Kuba akuyi kuwushiya eShiyol umphefumlo wam.” Emva kokuchaza ukuba uDavide wayeselapho engcwabeni, uPetros wasebenzisa loo mazwi kuYesu ebonisa ukuba uDavide “wabona kwangaphambili waza wathetha ngovuko lukaKristu, okokuba engazange ashiywe eHadesi nenyama yakhe ingazange ibone konakala. Lo Yesu uThixo wamvusa, sibakala eso esingamangqina aso thina sonke.” (IZenzo 2:29-32) Apha uPetros wasebenzisa igama elithi “Hadesi,” igama lesiGrike elithetha into enye nelo lesiHebhere lithi “Shiyol.” Ngoko, abo baseHadesi bakwimeko efanayo nabo baseShiyol. Balele, balindele uvuko.
Ngaba Bakho Abangengomalungisa EShiyol?
10, 11. Sinokutsho njani ukuba kukho abantu abangengomalungisa abaya eShiyol, okanye eHadesi xa besifa?
10 Emva kokuba uMoses ekhokele uhlanga lakwaSirayeli walukhupha eYiputa, kwaqhambuka imvukelo entlango. UMoses waxelela abantu ukuba bazahlule kwiinkokeli zalo mvukelo—uKora, uDatan noAbhiram. Zaziza kufa kabuhlungu. UMoses wathi: “Ukuba aba bantu bathe bafa ngokufa koluntu lonke nokuba bathe bohlwaywa ngesohlwayo soluntu lonke, woba uYehova akandithumanga. Kodwa ukuba uYehova uthe wenza isimanga, umhlaba wawuvula umlomo wawo, wabaginya nento yonke abanayo, behla baya eShiyol bephila, noqonda ke ngoko ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba la madoda awabonisanga ntlonelo kuYehova.” (Numeri 16:29, 30) Enoba baginywa ngumhlaba okanye batshiswa ngumlilo njengokuba kwenzekayo kuKora nabaLevi abangama-250 abema naye, bonke abo bavukeli baphelela eShiyol, okanye eHadesi.—Numeri 26:10.
11 UShimeyi, owaqalekisa uKumkani uDavide, wohlwaywa ngulowo wangena ezihlangwini zikaDavide, uSolomon. UDavide wayalela wathi: “Uze ungamshiyi ungamohlwayanga, kuba uyindoda esisilumko kwaye ukwazi kakuhle omele ukwenze kuye, yaye umele uzihlisele eShiyol zinegazi izimvi zakhe.” USolomon wayalela uBhenaya ukuba amohlwaye. (1 Kumkani 2:8, 9, 44-46) Elinye ixhoba lekrele lokuphumeza isohlwayo likaBhenaya ngulowo wayesakuba yintloko yomkhosi wakwaSirayeli, uYowabhi. Izimvi zakhe azizange “zehle ziye eShiyol ngoxolo.” (1 Kumkani 2:5, 6, 28-34) Yomibini le mizekelo ingqina ukunyaniseka kwengoma ephefumlelweyo kaDavide ethi: “Abantu abangendawo baya kubuyela eShiyol, kwanazo zonke iintlanga ezimlibalayo uThixo.”—INdumiso 9:17.
12. Wayengubani uAhitofele, ibe waya phi ukufa kwakhe?
12 UAhitofele, wayengumcebisi kaDavide. Icebiso lakhe lalixabiseke njengecebiso elivela kuYehova ngokwakhe. (2 Samuweli 16:23) Okubuhlungu kukuba, lo mkhonzi wayethenjiwe wajika waba ngumngcatshi wathelela kwimvukelo yonyana kaDavide uAbhisalom. Kubonakala ukuba uDavide wayebhekisela koku kungcatshwa xa wabhala wathi: “Kuba asilotshaba olundingcikivayo; ngapha koko bendinokukunyamezela. Yayingenguye ondithiye kakhulu owazigwagwisa nxamnye nam; ngapha koko bendinokuzifihla kuye.” Ehlabela mgama uDavide wathi: “Isiphanziso masibe phezu kwabo! Mabehlele eShiyol bephila; kuba ebudeni bokuba ngabaphambukeli kwabo izinto ezimbi zazingaphakathi kubo.” (INdumiso 55:12-15) Ukufa kwabo, uAhitofele nabaqabane akhe baya eShiyol.
Ngoobani AbaseGehena?
13. Kutheni uYudas ebizwa ngokuba ‘ngunyana wentshabalalo nje’?
13 Khawuthelekise imeko kaDavide naleyo kaDavide Omkhulu, uYesu. Omnye kubapostile abali-12 bakaKristu, uYudas Sikariyoti waba ngumngcatshi njengoAhitofele. Isenzo sikaYudas saba sibi gqitha kuneso sika-Ahitofele. Wangcatsha uNyana kaThixo okuphela kwamzeleyo. Kumthandazo awawenza ngasekupheleni kobulungiseleli bakhe basemhlabeni, uNyana kaThixo wanikela ingxelo ngabalandeli bakhe wathi: “Xa bendinabo bendifudula ndibalinda ngenxa yegama lakho ondinike lona; yaye ndiye ndabagcina, akwatshabalala namnye kubo ngaphandle konyana wentshabalalo, ukuze isibhalo sizaliseke.” (Yohane 17:12) Ngokubhekisela kuYudas ‘njengonyana wentshabalalo,’ uYesu wayebonisa ukuba xa wayesifa uYudas, lalingekho ithemba lokuba uya kuvuswa. Akazange asale kwiinkumbulo zikaThixo. Akazange aye eShiyol, kodwa waya eGehena. Kuphi eGehena?
14. Imela ntoni iGehena?
14 UYesu wazigxeka iinkokeli zonqulo zomhla wakhe ngenxa yokuba zazisenza ngamnye kubafundi bazo ukuba abe ‘sisisulu seGehena.’ (Mateyu 23:15) Abantu belo xesha babeqhelene neNtlambo yaseHinom, indawo ekwakulahlwa kuyo inkunkuma nezidumbu zezaphuli mthetho ezibuleweyo ezazigqalwa zingakufanelekelanga ukungcwatywa. Ngaphambilana koko, kwiNtshumayelo yakhe yaseNtabeni uYesu wayikhankanya iGehena. (Mateyu 5:29, 30) Lo ntetho yakhe ifuziselayo yayicacile kwabo babemphulaphule. IGehena yayimela intshabalalo kanaphakade ekungekho themba lovuko kuyo. Ngaphandle koYudas Sikariyoti womhla kaYesu, ngaba bakho abanye abaya eGehena kunokuya eShiyol, okanye eHadesi ukufa kwabo?
15, 16. Ngoobani abaya eGehena ukufa kwabo, nesizathu sokuba baye apho?
15 Abantu bokuqala, uAdam noEva badalwa befezekile. Ukona kwabo yayisisenzo sangabom. Babemele bakhethe phakathi kokuphila ngonaphakade nokufa. Abazange bamthobele uThixo baza bema kwicala likaSathana. Ukufa kwabo babengenathemba lokuzuza kwiingenelo zedini lentlawulelo likaKristu. Kunoko baya eGehena.
16 Unyana olizibulo lika-Adam, uKayin wabulala umntakwabo uAbheli waza emva koko wayimbacu. Umpostile uYohane wamchaz’ uKayin ‘njengophuma kulowo ungendawo.’ (1 Yohane 3:12) Kusengqiqweni ukugqiba ukuba njengabazali bakhe, waya eGehena ukufa kwakhe. (Mateyu 23:33, 35) Oku kwahluke gqitha kwimeko ka-Abheli owayelilungisa. Enaba ngoku, uPawulos uthi: “Ngokholo uAbheli wanikela kuThixo umbingelelo oxabiso likhulu ngakumbi kunokaKayin, kholo olo awathi ngalo wangqinelwa ukuba ulilungisa, uThixo enikela ubungqina ngokuphathelele izipho zakhe; yaye ngalo, nangona wafayo, usathetha.” (Hebhere 11:4) Ewe, uAbheli useShiyol ngalo mzuzu ulindele uvuko.
‘Uvuko Lokuqala Olulunge Ngakumbi’
17. (a) ‘Kwixesha lesiphelo,’ ngoobani abaya eShiyol? (b) Liliphi ithemba ngabo baseShiyol yaye kuya kwenzeka ntoni kwabo baseGehena?
17 Abaninzi abeva oku baya kuzibuza ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kwabo bafa ‘kwixesha lesiphelo.’ (Daniyeli 8:19) ISityhilelo isahluko 6 sichaza amadoda amane akhwele amahashe kwixesha lesiphelo. Okubangel’ umdla kukuba, eyokugqibela kula madoda kuthiwa nguKufa, yaye ilandelwa yiHadesi. Ngoko abaninzi abafa ngaphambi kwexesha ngenxa yeziganeko zamadoda akhwele amahashe angaphambili baphelela eHadesi, apho balinda khona uvuko kwihlabathi elitsha likaThixo. (ISityhilelo 6:8) Yintoni abanethemba layo abo baseShiyol (eHadesi) yaye kuza kwenzeka ntoni kwabo baseGehena? Kuya kubakho uvuko lwabo baseShiyol; nentshabalalo kanaphakade—ukungabikho kwaphela—kwabo baseGehena.
18. Liliphi ithemba labo bafumana “uvuko lokuqala”?
18 Umpostile uYohane wabhala: “Unoyolo yaye ungcwele lowo unesabelo kuvuko lokuqala; ukufa kwesibini akunagunya kubo, kodwa baya kuba ngababingeleli bakaThixo nabakaKristu, balawule njengookumkani kunye naye iminyaka eliwaka.” Abo baza kulawula noKristu baba “kuvuko lokuqala,” kodwa liliphi ithemba labanye abantu?—ISityhilelo 20:6.
19. Abanye balufumana njani “uvuko olulunge ngakumbi”?
19 Ukususela kwimihla yabakhonzi bakaThixo uEliya noElisha, xa kusenzeka ummangaliso wovuko, abantu babuyiselwa ebomini. UPawulos wathi: “Abafazi babamkela abafileyo babo bevukile; kodwa abanye abantu bathuthunjiswa ngenxa yokuba bengafumananga kukhululwa ngentlawulelo, ukuze bafikelele uvuko olulunge ngakumbi.” Ewe, aba bagcini bengqibelelo babekhangele phambili kuvuko olwaluza kubenza baphile kungekhona iminyaka embalwa nje kuphela baze bafe, kodwa babenethemba lokuphila ubomi obungunaphakade! Ngokwenene olo iya kuba ‘luvuko olulunge ngakumbi.’—Hebhere 11:35.
20. Liza kuxubusha ngantoni inqaku lethu elilandelayo?
20 Ukuba sifa sithembekile ngaphambi kokuba uYehova aphelise le nkqubo ingendawo, sinethemba eliqinisekisiweyo ‘lovuko olulunge ngakumbi,’ lulunge ngakumbi ngengqiqo yokuba lusinika ithemba lobomi obungunaphakade. UYesu wathembisa: “Musani ukumangaliswa koku, kuba liyeza ilixa ekuya kuthi ngalo bonke abo bakumangcwaba enkumbulo balive ilizwi lakhe baze baphume.” (Yohane 5:28, 29) Inqaku lethu elilandelayo liza kuxubusha ngakumbi ngenjongo yovuko. Liza kusibonisa indlela ithemba lovuko eliya kusomeleza ngayo sigcine ingqibelelo futhi lisincede sibe nomoya wokuzincama.
Uyakhumbula Na?
• Kutheni uYehova echazwa njengoThixo “wabaphilayo”?
• Injani imeko yabo baseShiyol?
• Kuza kwenzeka ntoni kwabo baseGehena?
• Abanye baya kuzuza njani ‘kuvuko olulunge ngakumbi’?
[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 15]
NjengoAbraham, abo baya eShiyol balindela uvuko
[Imifanekiso ekwiphepha 16]
Kwakutheni ukuze uAdam noEva, uKayin noYudas Sikariyoti baye eGehena?