Imibingelelo Eyayikholisa UThixo

“Wonke umbingeleli omkhulu umiselwa ukuba anikele izipho nemibingelelo.”—HEBHERE 8:3.

 1. Yintoni ebangela abantu bafune ukuphethukela kuThixo?

UMBHALI-MBALI weBhayibhile uAlfred Edersheim ubhala oku: “Ukwenza umbingelelo kubonakala kuyinto ‘eqhelekileyo’ emntwini njengokuthandaza; enye ibonisa indlela avakalelwa ngayo ngesiqu sakhe, ukanti enye ibonisa indlela avakalelwa ngayo ngoThixo.” Ukususela kwixesha lokungena kwesono ehlabathini, sazisa intlungu yokuziva unetyala, wahlukanisiwe noThixo yaye ungenathemba. Ukufumana isiqabu kwezi mvakalelo kuyimfuneko. Kulula ukuqonda isizathu sokuba xa abantu bekuloo meko imaxongo, bafune ukuphethukela kuThixo ukuze abancede.—Roma 5:12.

 2. Yiyiphi ingxelo yamandulo esiyifumana eBhayibhileni ethetha ngeminikelo eyayinikelwa kuThixo?

² Ingxelo yokuqala eseBhayibhileni ethetha ngeminikelo eyenzelwa uThixo iphathelele uKayin noAbheli. Sifunda oku: “Emva kwexesha elithile uKayin wazisa ezithile kwiziqhamo zomhlaba njengomnikelo kuYehova. Ke yena uAbheli, wazisa athile kumazibulo omhlambi wakhe, kwanamanqatha awo.” (Genesis 4:3, 4) Ngokulandelayo, sifumanisa ukuba uNowa owalondolozwa nguThixo ngexesha likaNogumbe owatshabalalisa isizukulwana esingendawo somhla wakhe, washukunyiselwa ukuba ‘enze iminikelo etshiswayo esibingelelweni’ kuYehova. (Genesis 8:20) Izihlandlo eziliqela, uAbraham owayengumkhonzi nomhlobo othembekileyo kaThixo, echukunyiswe ngamadinga neentsikelelo zikaThixo, ‘wakha isibingelelo waza wabiza egameni likaYehova.’ (Genesis 12:8; 13:3, 4, 18) Kamva, uAbraham wajamelana nolona vavanyo lukhulu lokholo lwakhe xa uYehova wamxelela ukuba anikele ngonyana wakhe uIsake njengomnikelo otshiswayo. (Genesis 22:1-14) Ezi ngxelo, nangona zimfutshane ziyasikhanyisela kumbandela wombingelelo, njengoko siza kubona.

 3. Inayiphi indima imibingelelo elunqulweni?

³ Ngokuphuma kwezi ngxelo nakwezinye eziseBhayibhileni, kucacile ukuba ukunikela uhlobo oluthile lombingelelo kwakuyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yonqulo kwakude kudala ngaphambi kokuba uYehova anikele imithetho engqalileyo ngokuphathelele yona. Ngokuvisisana noko, enye incwadi yeembekiselo ichaza “umbingelelo” “njengesithethe sonqulo apho kunikelwa ngento ethile kuhlobo oluthile lothixo ukuze umntu akhe, alondoloze okanye abuyisele ulwalamano oluhle kuloo nto ayigqala ingcwele.” Kodwa oku kuphakamisa eminye imibuzo ebalulekileyo esifanele siyiqwalasele ngenyameko, enjengale: Kutheni umbingelelo uyimfuneko elunqulweni? Luhlobo olunjani lwemibingelelo olwamkelekileyo kuThixo? Yaye imibingelelo yamandulo inayiphi intsingiselo kuthi namhlanje?

Kutheni Umbingelelo Uyimfuneko?

 4. Waba yintoni umphumo kuAdam noEva emva kokuba bonile?

⁴ Xa uAdam wonayo, wona ngabom. Ukuthabatha nokutya kwakhe isiqhamo kumthi wokwazi okulungileyo nokubi kwakusisenzo sangabom sokungathobeli. Isohlwayo ngeso senzo sokungathobeli yaba kukufa, njengoko uThixo watshoyo ngokucacileyo esithi: “Mhla uthe wadla kuwo uya kufa ngokuqinisekileyo.” (Genesis 2:17) Ekugqibeleni uAdam noEva bavuna umvuzo wesono—batshabalala.—Genesis 3:19; 5:3-5.

 5. Kwakutheni ukuze uYehova athabathe inyathelo lokuqala ngenxa yenzala ka-Adam, yaye yintoni awayenzela yona?

⁵ Noko ke, kuthekani ngenzala ka-Adam? Ekubeni isono nokungafezeki yakuzuz’ ilifa kuAdam, ilixhoba lokwahlukaniswa noThixo, ukungabi nathemba nokufa okwafunyanwa sisibini sokuqala. (Roma 5:14) Noko ke, uYehova akangoThixo nje wokusesikweni namandla kuphela kodwa—eneneni ngokuyintloko—unguThixo wothando. (1 Yohane 4:8, 16) Ngoko uthabatha inyathelo lokuqala ukuvala loo msantsa. Emva kokuchaza ukuba “umvuzo isono esiwuhlawulayo kukufa,” iBhayibhile ihlabela mgama isithi, “kodwa isipho uThixo asinikayo bubomi obungunaphakade ngoKristu Yesu iNkosi yethu.”—Roma 6:23.

 6. Kuyintoni ukuthanda kukaYehova ngokuphathelele umonakalo owabangelwa sisono sika-Adam?

⁶ Ekugqibeleni uYehova uThixo, ukuze aqiniseke ukuba eso sipho sasilungile, wenza ilungiselelo lento eyayiza kugubungela ilahleko eyabakho ngenxa yokunxaxha kuka-Adam. NgesiHebhere, igama elithi ka·pharʹ kusenokwenzeka ukuba ekuqaleni lalithetha “ukugubungela” okanye mhlawumbi “ukusula,” yaye likwaguqulelwa ngokuthi “ucamagusho.”a Ngamany’ amazwi, uYehova walungiselela indlela efanelekileyo yokugubungela isono esazuzw’ ilifa kuAdam waza wasula umonakalo owabakhoyo ukuze abo basifanelekeleyo eso sipho bakhululwe kwisigwebo sesono nokufa.—Roma 8:21.

 7. (a) Liliphi ithemba elanikelwa nguThixo xa wayegweba uSathana? (b) Yiyiphi intlawulo emele ikhutshwe ngokukhululwa koluntu esonweni nasekufeni?

⁷ Ithemba lokukhululwa ebukhobokeni besono nokufa lakhankanywa ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba isibini sokuqala esingabantu sonile. Ewisa esi sigwebo kuSathana, owayesebenzisa inyoka, uYehova wathi: “Ndiya kubeka ubutshaba phakathi kwakho nomfazi naphakathi kwembewu yakho nembewu yakhe. Yona iya kukutyumza intloko uze wena uyityumze isithende.” (Genesis 3:15) Ngaloo ngxelo ibuprofeti, kwavela ithemba kubo bonke abo babeya kuba nokholo kwelo dinga. Noko ke, kukho intlawulo emele ikhutshwe ngenxa yoko kukhululwa. IMbewu ethenjisiweyo yayingayi kusuka nje ize kutshabalalisa uSathana; kwakumele ukuba iMbewu ityunyuzwe isithende, oko kukuthi, ife nangona yayingayi kufa ngokusisigxina.

 8. (a) UKayin wakubangela njani ukuphoxeka? (b) Kwakutheni ukuze umbingelelo ka-Abheli wamkeleke emehlweni kaThixo?

⁸ Ngokungathandabuzekiyo uAdam noEva bacingisisa ngaloo Mbewu ithenjisiweyo. Xa uEva wazala unyana wakhe wamazibulo, uKayin, wathi: “Ndivelise umntu ngoncedo lukaYehova.” (Genesis 4:1) Ngaba bethu wayecinga ukuba unyana wakhe wayeza kuba yiloo Mbewu? Enoba wakucinga oko okanye akunjalo, uKayin kunye nomnikelo wakhe, wabangela ukuphoxeka. Kwelinye icala, umntakwabo uAbheli wabonisa ukholo kwidinga likaThixo yaye washukunyiselwa ukuba azise athile kumazibulo omhlambi wakhe njengombingelelo kuYehova. Siyafunda: “Ngokholo uAbheli wanikela kuThixo umbingelelo oxabiso likhulu ngakumbi kunokaKayin, kholo olo awathi ngalo wangqinelwa ukuba ulilungisa.”—Hebhere 11:4.

 9. (a) UAbheli waba nokholo entwenini, yaye walubonakalisa njani? (b) Yintoni eyafezwa ngumbingelelo ka-Abheli?

⁹ Ukholo luka-Abheli yayingekokukholelwa nje ukuba uThixo ukho, olo kumele ukuba noKayin wayenalo. UAbheli wayenokholo kwidinga likaThixo leMbewu eyayiza kuzisa usindiso kubantu abathembekileyo. Indlela ekwakuza kufezwa ngayo oko akazange ayityhilelwe, kodwa idinga likaThixo lamenza uAbheli waqonda ukuba kwakuya kufuneka umntu othile atyunyuzwe isithende. Ewe, kuyabonakala ukuba wagqiba kwelokuba kwakuya kufuneka kuphalazwe igazi—nto leyo eyinjongo yombingelelo. UAbheli wanikela ngesipho esiquka ubomi negazi kuMthombo wobomi, mhlawumbi njengembonakaliso yomnqweno nolindelo lwakhe olunzulu ngokuzaliseka kwedinga likaYehova. Le ndlela yokubonakalisa ukholo yiyo eyabangela umbingelelo ka-Abheli wamkeleka kuYehova, yaye ngomlinganiselo omncinane, yabonisa oko ukuko umbingelelo—indlela abantu abanesono abanokusondela ngayo kuThixo ukuze bazuze inkoliseko yakhe.—Genesis 4:4; Hebhere 11:1, 6.

10. Yacaciswa njani intsingiselo yombingelelo ngokucela kukaYehova uAbraham ukuba anikele ngoIsake?

¹⁰ Intsingiselo enzulu yombingelelo yacaciswa ngendlela ephawulekayo xa uYehova wayalela uAbraham ukuba anikele ngonyana wakhe uIsake njengombingelelo otshiswayo. Nangona loo mbingelelo ungazange wenziwe ngokoqobo, waba ngumfanekiso woko uYehova ngokwakhe wayeza kukwenza ekugqibeleni—ukunikela ngoNyana wakhe okuphela kwamzeleyo njengombingelelo omkhulu owakha wenziwa ukuze kuphunyezwe ukuthanda Kwakhe ngoluntu. (Yohane 3:16) Ngemibingelelo neminikelo eyayiseMthethweni kaMoses, uYehova wenza imizekelo ebuprofeti ukuze afundise abantu bakhe abanyuliweyo oko bamele bakwenze ukuze baxolelwe izono zabo nokuze baqinise ithemba labo losindiso. Yintoni esinokuyifunda koku?

Imibingelelo Eyamkelekileyo KuYehova

11. Ziziphi iindidi ezimbini zeminikelo eyayisenziwa ngumbingeleli omkhulu wakwaSirayeli, yaye wayeyinikela ngayiphi injongo?

¹¹ Umpostile uPawulos uthi: “Wonke umbingeleli omkhulu umiselwa ukuba anikele izipho nemibingelelo.” (Hebhere 8:3) Phawula ukuba uPawulos uyahlula ibe ziindidi ezimbini imibingelelo eyayisenziwa ngumbingeleli omkhulu kuSirayeli wamandulo, ezizezi, “izipho” “nemibingelelo,” okanye “nemibingelelo yezono.” (Hebhere 5:1) Ngokuqhelekileyo abantu bapha abanye izipho ukuze babonakalise uthando noxabiso, nokuzama ukuhlakulela ubuhlobo, ukuthandwa okanye ukwamkeleka. (Genesis 32:20; IMizekeliso 18:16) Ngokufanayo, iminikelo emininzi eyayichazwe eMthethweni inokugqalwa ‘njengezipho’ eziya kuThixo zokufuna ukwamkeleka kuye nenkoliseko yakhe.b Xa uMthetho waphulwe kwakufuneka kwenziwe impindezelo, yaye ukuze kulungiswe izinto, kwakunikelwa ‘imibingelelo yezono.’ IPentatiki, ingakumbi incwadi ye-Eksodus, iLevitikus neNumeri, inikela inkcazelo eninzi ngeentlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zemibingelelo neminikelo. Ngoxa kunokuba lucelomngeni ngathi ukuba siziqonde kakuhle size sikhumbule zonke iinkcukacha, ezinye iingongoma eziziintloko ngokuphathelele iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zemibingelelo zifuna ingqalelo yethu.

12. Ifumaneka kweyiphi indawo eBhayibhileni ingcombolo ngemibingelelo okanye iminikelo eyayiseMthethweni?

¹² Sisenokuphawula ukuba kwiLevitikus isahluko soku-1 ukusa kwesesi-7, kuthethwa ngeentlobo ezintlanu zeminikelo ebalulekileyo—umnikelo otshiswayo, umnikelo wokudla okuziinkozo, umbingelelo wobudlelane, umnikelo wesono nomnikelo wetyala—kuxutyushwa ngamnye wayo, nangona eminye yawo yayinikelwa ngaxeshanye. Kwakhona siyaphawula ukuba le minikelo ichazwa kabini kwezi zahluko, ngeenjongo ezingafaniyo: okokuqala, kwiLevitikus 1:2 ukusa kwesesi-6:7, inikela iinkcukacha ngoko kwakumele kunikelwe esibingelelweni, yaye okwesibini, kwiLevitikus 6:8 ukusa kwesesi-7:36, ibonisa iinxalenye ezazibekelwa ababingeleli nezo zazigcinelwa lowo wenza umnikelo. Emva koko, kwiNumeri isahluko sama-28 nesama-29, sichazelwa ngoko kunokubonakala njengesicangca sexesha esineenkcukacha, esichaza ngento eyayiza kunikelwa suku ngalunye, veki nganye, nyanga nganye nakwimisitho eyayibakho nyaka ngamnye.

13. Chaza iminikelo eyayisenziwa ngokuzithandela njengezipho kuThixo.

¹³ Phakathi kweminikelo eyayisenziwa ngokuzithandela njengezipho okanye njengendlela yokusondela kuThixo ukuze uzuze inkoliseko yakhe yayiyiminikelo etshiswayo, iminikelo yokudla okuziinkozo neminikelo yobudlelane. Bambi babaphengululi bakholelwa ukuba igama lesiHebhere elithi “umnikelo otshiswayo” lithetha “umnikelo wokunyuka” okanye “umnikelo onyukayo.” Oku kufanelekile kuba xa kusenziwa umnikelo otshiswayo, isilwanyana esixheliweyo sasitshiswa esibingelelweni yaye ivumba elimnandi, okanye elithozamisayo lalinyukela ngasezulwini kuThixo. Inkalo ekhethekileyo yomnikelo otshiswayo yayikukuba emva kokufefa ngegazi lesilwanyana esibingelelweni, isilwanyana eso sasinikelwa kuThixo sonke. Umbingeleli ‘wayeqhumisela ngaso sonke esibingelelweni sibe ngumnikelo otshiswayo, umnikelo wasemlilweni olivumba elithozamisayo kuYehova.’—Levitikus 1:3, 4, 9; Genesis 8:21.

14. Wawusenziwa njani umnikelo wokudla okuziinkozo?

¹⁴ Umnikelo wokudla okuziinkozo uchazwa kwiLevitikus isahluko sesi-2. Yayingumnikelo wokuzithandela owawusenziwa ngomgubo ocoliweyo, owawudla ngokugalelwa ioli, kufakwe nentlaka yokuqhumisa. “Aze umbingeleli athabathe kuwo azalise isandla sakhe ngomgubo lowo ocolekileyo neoli yawo nentlaka yawo yokuqhumisa yonke; aqhumisele ngawo esibingelelweni njengesikhumbuzo sawo, njengomnikelo wasemlilweni olivumba elithozamisayo kuYehova.” (Levitikus 2:2) Intlaka yokuqhumisa yayiyenye yezinto ezazisetyenziswa ukwenza isiqhumiso esingcwele esasitshiswa kwisiqhumiso sesibingelelo setarbanekile netempile. (Eksodus 30:34-36) Kucacile ukuba uKumkani uDavide wayecinga ngaloo nto xa wathi: “Ngamana umthandazo wam ungalungiselelwa njengempepho phambi kwakho, ukuphakanyiswa kwezandla zam kube njengomnikelo wokudla okuziinkozo wangokuhlwa.”—INdumiso 141:2.

15. Yayiyintoni injongo yombingelelo wobudlelane?

¹⁵ Omnye umnikelo wokuzithandela yayingumbingelelo wobudlelane, ochazwe kwiLevitikus isahluko sesi-3. Eli gama lisenokuguqulelwa ngokuthi “umbingelelo weminikelo yoxolo.” NgesiHebhere, igama elithi “uxolo” alibhekiseli nje ekubeni kungabikho mfazwe okanye siphazamiso. Incwadi ethi Studies in the Mosaic Institutions ithi: “EBhayibhileni, libhekisela koku, yaye likwabhekisela nasekubeni noxolo noThixo, impumelelo, uvuyo nolonwabo.” Ngaloo ndlela, imibingelelo yobudlelane yayinganikelwa ngenjongo yokufuna ukuba noxolo noThixo, ngokungathi babefuna ukumxolisa, kodwa yayinikelwa ngenjongo yokuvakalisa umbulelo okanye ukubhiyoza ngenxa yokusikelelwa ngokuba seluxolweni noThixo ngabo babekholekile kuye. Ababingeleli nalowo ebenikela babewudla umbingelelo emva kokuba kunikelwe ngegazi namanqatha kuYehova. (Levitikus 3:17; 7:16-21; 19:5-8) Ngendlela entle nefuziselayo, lowo unikelayo, ababingeleli kunye noYehova uThixo babesiba nesabelo ekutyeni, bebonakalisa ulwalamano loxolo olukhoyo phakathi kwabo.

16. (a) Yayiyintoni injongo yomnikelo wesono nomnikelo wetyala? (b) Yayahluke njani kumnikelo otshiswayo?

¹⁶ Imibingelelo eyayinikelwa ngenjongo yokucela ukuxolelwa kwesono okanye ukucanyagushelwa ngenxa yokwaphulwa koMthetho yayiquka umnikelo wesono nomnikelo wetyala. Nangona le mibingelelo nayo yayiquka ukuqhumisa esibingelelweni, yayisahluka kumnikelo otshiswayo kuba isilwanyana sasinganikelwa sonke kuThixo, kwakunikelwa amanqatha neenxalenye ezithile zaso kuphela. Inxalenye eseleyo yesilwanyana yayilahlelwa ngaphandle kwenkampu okanye kwezinye iimeko ityiwe ngababingeleli. Lo mahluko unentsingiselo. Umnikelo otshiswayo wawusenziwa njengesipho kuThixo ngenjongo yokusondela kuye, ngoko wawunikelwa kuThixo ngokukhethekileyo yaye ngokupheleleyo. Okubangel’ umdla kukuba, ngokuqhelekileyo umnikelo otshiswayo wawusandulelwa ngumnikelo wesono okanye umnikelo wetyala, okubonisa ukuba ukuze isipho somoni samkeleke kuThixo, kwakufuneka kuxolelwe isono.—Levitikus 8:14, 18; 9:2, 3; 16:3, 5.

17, 18. Umnikelo wesono wawunikelwa ngayiphi injongo yaye yayiyintoni injongo yeminikelo yetyala?

¹⁷ Umnikelo wesono wawusamkeleka kuphela xa isono sokwaphula uMthetho singenziwanga ngabom, isono esenziwe ngenxa yobuthathaka benyama. “Ukuba kwenzekile umphefumlo wona ngempazamo kuyo nayiphi na yezinto uYehova ayalele ukuba zingenziwa,” umoni wayefanele anikele umnikelo wesono ngokuvisisana nemeko yakhe, okanye isikhundla sakhe ekuhlaleni. (Levitikus 4:2, 3, 22, 27) Kwelinye icala, aboni abangaguqukiyo babenqunyulwa; kwakungenziwa mbingelelo ngenxa yabo.—Eksodus 21:12-15; Levitikus 17:10; 20:2, 6, 10; Numeri 15:30; Hebhere 2:2.

¹⁸ Intsingiselo nenjongo yomnikelo wetyala icaciswe kakuhle kwiLevitikus isahluko sesi-5 nesesi-6. Kwakusenokwenzeka ukuba umntu akonanga ngabom. Sekunjalo, kwakusenokwenzeka ukuba isiphoso sakhe sibangele ityala nxamnye namalungelo abanye abantu okanye nxamnye noYehova uThixo, yaye eso siphoso sasimele silungiswe. Kukhankanywe iindidi eziliqela zezono. Ezinye yayizizono zangasese (5:2-6), ezinye yayizizono ‘ezinxamnye nezinto ezingcwele zikaYehova’ (5:14-16), yaye ezinye, nangona zazingenziwa ngabom ncam, yayizizono ezazingumphumo weminqweno ephosakeleyo okanye ubuthathaka benyama (6:1-3). Ukongezelela ekuvumeni izono ezinjalo, lowo wonileyo kwakulindeleke ukuba enze imbuyekezo xa kufanelekile andule ke enze umnikelo wesono kuYehova.—Levitikus 6:4-7.

Kuza Into Elunge Ngakumbi

19. Nangona wayenoMthetho nemibingelelo, kwakutheni ukuze uSirayeli angakwazi ukuzuza inkoliseko kaThixo?

¹⁹ UMthetho kaMoses, nemibingelelo neminikelo yawo emininzi, wawunikwe amaSirayeli ukuwanceda akwazi ukusondela kuThixo aze azuze yaye alondoloze inkoliseko nentsikelelo yakhe de kufike iMbewu ethenjisiweyo. Umpostile uPawulos owayengumYuda wemvelo, ukubeka ngolu hlobo oku: “UMthetho uye waba ngumkhapheli wethu osikhokelela kuKristu, ukuze sivakaliswe singamalungisa ngenxa yokholo.” (Galati 3:24) Okulusizi kukuba, uSirayeli njengohlanga akazange asabele kuloo mkhapheli kodwa walisebenzisa kakubi elo lungelo. Ngenxa yoko, loo ntlaninge yemibingelelo yabo yaba lizothe kuYehova, owathi: “Ndanele yimibingelelo etshiswa kuphele yeenkunzi zeegusha namanqatha ezilwanyana ezondlekileyo; yaye andiyoliswa naligazi lamathole eenkomo aziinkunzi neenkunzi zeemvana neenkunzi zeebhokhwe.”—Isaya 1:11.

20. Yintoni eyenzekayo ngowama-70 C.E. ngokuphathelele uMthetho nemibingelelo yawo?

²⁰ Ngowama-70 C.E., inkqubo yezinto yamaYuda, netempile nababingeleli bayo, yafikelela esiphelweni. Emva koko, imibingelelo eyayisenziwa ngendlela ekuchazwe ngayo eMthethweni yayingasenakwenziwa. Ngaba oku kuthetha ukuba imibingelelo, njengenxalenye eyayibalulekile eMthethweni, ayisenantsingiselo kubanquli bakaThixo namhlanje? Oku siza kukuhlolisisa kwinqaku elilandelayo.

[Imibhalo esemazantsi]

Ngaba Unokuchaza?

• Yintoni eyayishukumisela amadoda athembekileyo amandulo ukuba anikele imibingelelo kuYehova?

• Kutheni imibingelelo yayiyimfuneko?

• Ziziphi iintlobo ezibalulekileyo zemibingelelo eyayinikelwa phantsi koMthetho, yaye yayiyintoni injongo yayo?

• Ngokutsho kukaPawulos, yayiyintoni injongo ephambili yoMthetho nemibingelelo yawo?

[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 14]

Umbingelelo ka-Abheli wawukholekile ngenxa yokuba wawubonisa ukholo lwakhe kwidinga likaYehova

[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 15]

Ngaba uyayiqonda intsingiselo yoko kwenzeka apha?