Incwadi YeBhayibheli Yama-61—2 Petru
Umlobi: UPetru
Yalotshelwa: EBabiloni (?)
Ukuloba Kwaphela: Cishe ngo-64 C.E.
1. Yimaphi amaqiniso abonisa ukuthi incwadi yesiBili KaPetru yalotshwa uPetru?
NGESIKHATHI, uPetru eloba incwadi yakhe yesibili, waqaphela ukuthi wayezobhekana nokufa ngokushesha. Wafisa kakhulu ukukhumbuza amaKristu ayekanye nawo ngokubaluleka kolwazi oluqondile olwaluzowasiza ukuba alondoloze ukuma eqinile enkonzweni yawo. Ingabe sasiyoba khona isizathu sokungabaza ukuthi umphostoli uPetru wayengumlobi wencwadi yesibili eqanjwe ngegama lakhe? Incwadi ngokwayo isula noma yikuphi ukungabaza okungenzeka ukuthi kwaphakama ngomlobi wayo. Umlobi uthi “[ungu]Simeyoni Petru, inceku nomphostoli kaJesu Kristu.” (2 Pet. 1:1) Ubhekisela kuyo ngokuthi “lencwadi . . . isingeyesibili enginilobele yona.” (3:1) Ukhuluma ngaye ngokwakhe ngokuthi ungufakazi wokuzibonela ekuguqulweni isimo kukaJesu Kristu, ilungelo uPetru alihlanganyela noJakobe noJohane, futhi konke lokhu ukubhala ngawo wonke umuzwa kafakazi wokuzibonela. (1:16-21) Uveza ukuthi uJesu wayekubikezele ukufa kwakhe.—2 Pet. 1:14; Joh. 21:18, 19.
2. Yini efakazela ukuthi incwadi yesiBili KaPetru iyingxenye yohlu lwezincwadi zeBhayibheli?
2 Nokho, abanye abacusumbuli baye bakhomba ekwahlukeni kwendlela lezincwadi ezimbili ezilotshwe ngayo njengesizathu sokungakholelwa ekutheni incwadi yesibili iyincwadi kaPetru. Kodwa lokhu akumelwe kulethe inkinga yangempela, ngoba umongo nenjongo yokuloba kwakwehlukile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uPetru waloba incwadi yakhe yokuqala “ngoSilvanu umfowethu othembekayo,” futhi uma uSilvanu wayenikezwe inkululeko ekwakheni imisho, lokhu kungaba isizathu sokwahluka kwendlela yokulotshwa kwalezincwadi ezimbili, njengoba ngokusobala uSilvanu engabanga nangxenye ekulobeni incwadi yesibili. (1 Pet. 5:12) Ukuba kwayo ingxenye yohlu lwezincwadi zeBhayibheli kuye kwaphikiswa futhi ngezizathu zokuthi “ifakazelwa kabi oBaba [beSonto].” Nokho, njengoba kubonakala eshadini elithi “Izinhlu Zokuqala Ezivelele ZemiBhalo YamaKristu YesiGreki,” incwadi yesiBili KaPetru yayibhekwa njengengxenye yohlu lwezincwadi zeBhayibheli yizazi eziningi zangaphambi koMkhandlu Wesithathu WaseCarthage.a
3. Ngokusobala incwadi yesiBili KaPetru yalotshwa nini futhi kuphi, futhi yayiqondiswe kobani?
3 Yalotshwa nini incwadi yesibili kaPetru? Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi yalotshwa cishe ngo-64 C.E. eBabiloni noma eduze nakhona, ngokushesha ngemva kwencwadi yokuqala, kodwa abukho ubufakazi obuqondile, ikakhulukazi ngokuqondene nendawo. Ngesikhathi sokuloba, eziningi zezincwadi zikaPawulu zazijikeleza emabandleni futhi wayezazi uPetru, owazibheka njengeziphefumlelwe uNkulunkulu futhi wazihlanganisa “neminye imiBhalo.” Incwadi yesibili kaPetru iqondiswe “kubo abazuzile ukukholwa okuyigugu ngokufana nokwethu,” futhi ihlanganisa labo incwadi yokuqala eyayiqondiswe kubo nabanye uPetru ayeshumayele kubo. Njengoba nje incwadi yokuqala yayijikeleze ezindaweni eziningi, ngokufanayo incwadi yesibili nayo yathatha isimo esivamile.—2 Pet. 3:15, 16, qhathanisa neNW; 1:1; 3:1; 1 Pet. 1:1.
OKUQUKETHWE INCWADI YESIBILI KAPETRU
4. (a) Abazalwane kumelwe bakulwele kanjani ukuba ngabathelayo ngokuqondene nolwazi oluqondile, futhi yini abayithenjiswayo? (b) Izwi lesiprofetho lenziwa kanjani liqiniseke kakhulu, futhi kungani kumelwe lilalelwe?
4 Ukwenza kuqiniseke ukubizelwa eMbusweni wasezulwini (1:1-21). UPetru uyashesha ukubonisa ukukhathalela kothando kulabo “abazuzile ukukholwa.” Ufisa ukuba umusa ongabafanele nokuthula kwandiswe kubo “ngokumazi uNkulunkulu noJesu iNkosi yethu.” UNkulunkulu ubaphile “izithembiso eziyigugu nezikhulukazi,” ukuze ngazo babe abahlanganyeli esimweni sobuNkulunkulu. Ngakho-ke, ngomzamo wenkuthalo mabeleke okholweni lwabo ubuhle, ukwazi, ukuzithiba, ukukhuthazela, ukumesaba uNkulunkulu, ukuthanda abazalwane, nothando. Uma lezimfanelo zivama kubo, ngeke babe abavilaphayo noma abangenazithelo olwazini oluqondile. Abazalwane kumelwe bakhuthalele kakhulu ukwenza kuqiniseke ukubizwa nokukhethwa kwabo, kanye nokungena kwabo eMbusweni waphakade weNkosi yabo. Azi ukuthi ‘kuseduze ukususwa kwedokodo lakhe,’ uPetru uthambekele ekubakhumbuzeni lezizinto ukuze bazikhumbule ngemva kokumuka kwakhe. UPetru wayewufakazi wokuzibonela wenkazimulo kaKristu entabeni engcwele lapho lamazwi ‘avela enkazimulweni yobukhosi, ethi: Lo uyiNdodana yami ethandekayo engithokozile ngayo.’ Kanjalo, izwi lesiprofetho lenziwa liqiniseke kakhulu, futhi kumelwe lilalelwe, ngoba akungengantando yomuntu, “kepha abantu beqhutshwa nguMoya oNgcwele bakhuluma okukaNkulunkulu.”—1:1, 2, 4, 14, 17, 21.
5. Yisiphi isixwayiso uPetru asinikezayo ngabafundisi bamanga, futhi yimiphi imifanekiso enamandla ayisebenzisayo ngokuqiniseka kwezahlulelo zikaNkulunkulu kubantu abanjalo?
5 Isixwayiso esinamandla ngabafundisi bamanga (2:1-22). Abaprofethi nabafundisi bamanga bayongenisa izifundiso zamanga ezibhubhisayo, bakhuthaze amanyala, futhi benze iqiniso lihlanjalazwe. Kodwa ukubhujiswa kwabo akozeli. UNkulunkulu akayekanga ukujezisa izingelosi ezona, ukuletha uzamcolo ngosuku lukaNowa, noma ukuphendula iSodoma neGomora kube umlotha. Kodwa wahlangulisa umshumayeli uNowa noLoti olungileyo, ngakho “iNkosi [“uJehova,” NW] iyakwazi ukuhlangulisa ekulingweni abamesabayo uNkulunkulu, kepha abangalungile iyabagcinela usuku lokwahlulelwa, bajeziswe.” Ngoba laba bangamaphikankani, bayaziqhenya, banjengezidalwa ezingenangqondo, abazi, bangabahlambalazi, bazitika ngezimfundiso ezikhohlisayo, bayaphinga, bayafisa, futhi banjengoBalami ngokuthanda umvuzo wokungalungi. Bathembisa inkululeko kodwa bona ngokwabo bayizigqila zokubhubha. Kwakuyoba ngcono kubo ukuba babengayazanga indlela yokulunga, ngoba kubehlele njengokwesaga esithi: “Inja yabuyela ebuhlanzweni bayo, nokuthi: Ingulube igezwé qede yaphindela ukuzibhixa odakeni.”—2:9, 22.
6. (a) Kungani uPetru eloba, futhi uthini ngokuphathelene nesithembiso sikaNkulunkulu? (b) Ngokuphambene nabahleki bosulu, amaKristu kumelwe azibonise kanjani elindile?
6 Ukulangazelela usuku lukaJehova (3:1-18). UPetru uloba ukuze avuse ingqondo yamaKristu emhlophe, ukuze akhumbule amazwi ashunyayelwa ngaphambili. Ezinsukwini zokugcina kuyofika abahleki bosulu, bethi: “Siphi isithembiso sokufika” kukaKristu? Labantu bathanda ukukhohlwa ukuthi uNkulunkulu wabhubhisa izwe langezikhathi zasendulo ngamanzi nokuthi “izulu nomhlaba okukhona manje kubekelelwe umlilo ngalo lona lelizwi” futhi “kulindele usuku lokwahlulela nolokubhubha kwabantu abangamesabi uNkulunkulu.” KuJehova iminyaka eyinkulungwane injengosuku lunye, ngakho “iNkosi [“uJehova,” NW] ayilibali ngesithembiso sayo,” kodwa iyabekezela, ingathandi ukuba kubhubhe namunye. Ngakho-ke, amaKristu kumelwe aqaphele inkambo yawo futhi kumelwe enze izenzo zokuzinikela kokwesaba uNkulunkulu njengoba ebheka futhi elangazelela ukuba khona kosuku lukaJehova, ayobhidlizwa ngalo ngomlilo amazulu nakho konke kuncibilikiswe ukusha. Kodwa ngokwesithembiso sikaNkulunkulu kuyoba “[n]amazulu amasha nomhlaba omusha.”—3:4, 7, 9, 13.
7. Enalolulwazi kusengaphambili, amaKristu kumelwe azikhandle kanjani?
7 Ngakho-ke, kumelwe akhuthalele ‘ukuba afunyanwe enokuthula, engenabala, engenacala kuye.’ Kumelwe athi ukubekezela kweNkosi yawo kungukusindiswa, njengoba nje uPawulu othandekayo awalobela. Njengoba azi lokhu kusengaphambili, mawaqaphele angawi ekuqineni kwawo. “Kepha,” kuphetha uPetru, “khulani emseni nasekwazini iNkosi noMsindisi wethu uJesu Kristu. Inkazimulo mayibe-kuye namanje nakuze kube-lusuku lwaphakade.”—3:14, 18.
ISIZATHU SOKUBA IBE NENZUZO
8. (a) UPetru ukufakazela kanjani ukuphefumlelwa kwayo yomibili imiBhalo yesiHeberu neyesiGreki? (b) Siyozuza kanjani ngokubambelela olwazini oluqondile?
8 Yeka indlela olubaluleke ngayo ulwazi oluqondile! UPetru ngokwakhe ufaka emaphuzwini akhe ulwazi oluqondile aluthole emiBhalweni yesiHeberu. Uyafakaza ukuthi yayiphefumlelwe ngomoya ongcwele: “Ngokuba akuzange kuvezwe isiprofetho ngentando yomuntu, kepha abantu beqhutshwa nguMoya oNgcwele bakhuluma okukaNkulunkulu.” Futhi, uveza ukuthi ukuhlakanipha kukaPawulu ‘wayekuphiwe.’ (1:21; 3:15) Sizuza kakhulu ngokucabangela yonke lemiBhalo ephefumlelwe nangokubambelela ngokuqinile olwazini oluqondile. Khona-ke ngeke sibe abangenandaba, njengalabo uPetru abachaza njengabathi: “Konke kumi kunjalo njengakwasekuqaleni kokudalwa.” (3:4) Futhi ngeke siwele ezingibeni zabafundisi bamanga njengalabo uPetru abachaza esahlukweni 2 sencwadi yakhe. Kunalokho, kumelwe sizicabangele njalo izikhumbuzo ezinikezwa uPetru nabanye abalobi beBhayibheli. Lezi zisisiza ukuba sihlale ‘simi siqinile eqinisweni’ futhi ngokubekezela nangobuqotho ‘sikhule emseni nasekwazini iNkosi noMsindisi wethu uJesu Kristu.’—1:12; 3:18.
9. Yimuphi umzamo oqotho esikhuthazwa ukuba siwenze, futhi ngani?
9 Njengosizo lokukhula ‘ekumazini uNkulunkulu noJesu iNkosi yethu,’ uPetru utusa umzamo wobuqotho wokwakha lezozimfanelo zobuKristu ezilotshwe esahlukweni 1, amavesi 5 kuya ku-7. Khona-ke, evesini 8, uyanezela: “Ngokuba uma lezozinto zikhona kini zivama, ziyanenza ningabi-ngabavilaphayo nabangenazithelo ekwazini iNkosi yethu uJesu Kristu.” Ngempela lesi isikhuthazo esihle kakhulu emsebenzini njengezikhonzi zikaNkulunkulu kulezinsuku ezinzima!—1:2.
10. (a) Yiziphi izithembiso uPetru azigcizelelayo, futhi uyala uthini ngokuphathelene nazo? (b) Yisiphi isiqinisekiso uPetru asinikezayo ngokuphathelene neziprofetho zoMbuso?
10 Yeka indlela okubaluleke ngayo ukuba sizikhandle ngokusemandleni ethu ukuze siqinisekiswe ngokuhlanganyela ‘ezithembisweni eziyigugu nezikhulukazi’ zikaJehova uNkulunkulu! Kungakho uPetru eyala amaKristu agcotshiwe ukuba agxilise amehlo awo emgomweni woMbuso, ethi: “Khuthalelani kakhulu ukwenza kuqiniseke ukubizwa nokukhethwa kwenu; ngokuba uma nenza lokho, anisoze nakhubeka. Ngokuba ngokwenze njalo niyakuphiwa ngokwengcebo ukungena embusweni waphakade weNkosi yethu noMsindisi uJesu Kristu.” Khona-ke uPetru uletha ukunakekela ebukhulwini benkazimulo yoMbuso kaJesu, aba ufakazi wayo wokuzibonela embonweni wokuguqulwa isimo, futhi uyanezela: “Sesinalo izwi lesiprofetho eliqinisekile kakhulu.” Yiqiniso, noma yisiphi isiprofetho esiphathelene noMbuso kaJehova ophakeme siyogcwaliseka nakanjani. Kanjalo, siwenanela ngokuqiniseka amazwi kaPetru acashunwe esiprofethweni sikaIsaya: “Siyalindela ngesithembiso sakhe amazulu amasha nomhlaba omusha okukhona kuwo ukulunga.”—2 Pet. 1:4, 10, 11, 19; 3:13; Isaya 65:17, 18.
[Imibhalo yaphansi]
a Bheka ishadi ekhasini 303.