IZwi LikaJehova Liyaphila
Amaphuzu Avelele Encwadi Ka-Eksodusi
LENA incwadi elandisa indaba engokoqobo yokukhululwa kwalabo ababenziwe “izigqila ngaphansi kobushiqela.” (Eksodusi 1:13) Ilandisa nangendaba ethakazelisayo yokuzalwa kwesizwe. Phakathi kwezici zayo ezihlaba umxhwele kunezimangaliso ezikushiya ukhexile, imithetho ephakeme, nokwakhiwa kwetabernakele. Ngokuyisisekelo, yilokho okuqukethwe yile ncwadi yeBhayibheli ka-Eksodusi.
Le ncwadi ka-Eksodusi yalotshwa umprofethi uMose owayengumHebheru. Ilandisa ngokwenzeka kuma-Israyeli phakathi nenkathi eyiminyaka engu-145—kusukela ekufeni kukaJosefa ngo-1657 B.C.E. kuya ekupheleni kwesakhiwo setabernakele ngo-1512 B.C.E. Nokho, le ndaba ayiwona umlando nje ongasho lutho. Iyingxenye yezwi, noma umyalezo, kaNkulunkulu esintwini. Ngaleso sizathu, ‘iyaphila futhi inamandla.’ (Hebheru 4:12) Ngakho-ke, incwadi ka-Eksodusi ibaluleke ngempela kithi.
“UNKULUNKULU WAKUZWA UKUBUBULA KWABO”
Inzalo kaJakobe ehlala eGibhithe yanda ngokushesha kangangokuthi inkosi iyala ukuba ihlushwe njengezigqila. UFaro uze ayale nokuba kubulawe zonke izinsana zabafana ezingama-Israyeli. UMose, usana olunezinyanga ezintathu luzelwe, utholwa indodakazi kaFaro imenze umntanakhe, ngakho uyaphunyuka kuleso sibhicongo. Nakuba ekhulela ebukhosini, lapho eba neminyaka engu-40 ubudala, uMose uthatha uhlangothi lwabantu bakubo, abulale umGibhithe. (IzEnzo 7:23, 24) Ephoqelekile ukuba abaleke, uya kwaMidiyani. Ufika khona ashade futhi abe ngumalusi. Esihlahleni esivutha ngokuyisimangaliso, uJehova uyala uMose ukuba abuyele eGibhithe ukuze ahole ama-Israyeli aphume ebugqilini. Umfowabo, u-Aroni, umiswa ukuba abe ngumkhulumeli wakhe.
Izimpendulo Zemibuzo YemiBhalo
3:1—UJetiro wayeluhlobo luni lompristi? Ngezikhathi zezinzalamizi, inhloko yomndeni yayiba umpristi emndenini wayo. Kusobala ukuthi uJetiro wayeyinzalamizi eyinhloko yesizwe sabakwaMidiyani. Njengoba abakwaMidiyani babeyinzalo ka-Abrahama ngoKetura, cishe babazi ngokukhulekelwa kukaJehova.—Genesise 25:1, 2.
4:11—Kushiwo ngamuphi umqondo ukuthi uJehova ‘umisa isimungulu, isithulu, nempumputhe’? Nakuba ngezinye izikhathi uJehova eye wenza abanye baba izimpumputhe nezimungulu, akuyena obangela konke ukhubazeka okunjalo. (Genesise 19:11; Luka 1:20-22, 62-64) Kuyimiphumela yesono esisizuze njengefa. (Jobe 14:4; Roma 5:12) Nokho, njengoba uNkulunkulu eye wasivumela lesi simo saba khona, wayengasho athi ‘umisa’ isimungulu, isithulu, nempumputhe.
4:16—UMose wayezoba kanjani “njengoNkulunkulu” ku-Aroni? UMose wayengummeleli kaNkulunkulu. Ngalokho, uMose waba “njengoNkulunkulu” ku-Aroni, owayengumkhulumeli kaMose.
Izifundo Esizitholayo:
1:7, 14. UJehova wabasekela abantu bakhe lapho becindezelwe eGibhithe. Ngokufanayo, uyabasekela oFakazi bakhe banamuhla, ngisho nalapho bebhekene nokushushiswa okunzima.
1:17-21. UJehova uyasikhumbula “kube kuhle [noma, ngenxa yokuhle].”—Nehemiya 13:31.
3:7-10. UJehova uyathinteka lapho abantu bakhe bekhala.
3:14. UJehova akahluleki ukufeza izinjongo zakhe. Ngakho singaqiniseka ukuthi amathemba ethu asekelwe eBhayibhelini uzowagcwalisa.
4:10, 13. UMose wabonisa ukungalethembi ngempela ikhono lakhe lokukhuluma kangangokuthi ngisho nalapho uNkulunkulu emqinisekisa ukuthi uzomsiza, wamncenga ukuba athume omunye umuntu ayokhuluma noFaro. Nakuba kunjalo, uJehova wasebenzisa yena uMose, wamnika ukuhlakanipha namandla ayewadinga ukuze enze isabelo sakhe. Kunokugxila ekuntuleni kwethu amakhono, kwangathi singathembela kuJehova bese siwufeza ngokwethembeka umsebenzi wethu wokushumayela nokufundisa.—Mathewu 24:14; 28:19, 20.
IZIMANGALISO EZIKHEXISAYO ZILETHA UKUKHULULWA
UMose no-Aroni bavela phambi kukaFaro, becela ukuba ama-Israyeli avunyelwe ukuyogubhela uJehova umkhosi ehlane. Ngokwedelela, lo mbusi waseGibhithe uyenqaba. UJehova usebenzisa uMose ukugadla ngamagalelo alandelanayo ashaya kuzwakale. Kuze kube ngemva kwenhlupho yeshumi lapho uFaro ewadedela khona ama-Israyeli. Nokho, ngokushesha yena namabutho akhe bawahlala ezithendeni ama-Israyeli. Kodwa uJehova ukhulula abantu bakhe ngokuvula intuba yokubaleka oLwandle Olubomvu. AbaseGibhithe bayaminza njengoba ulwandle lubuya lubamboza.
Izimpendulo Zemibuzo YemiBhalo
6:3—Kungayiphi indlela u-Abrahama, u-Isaka, noJakobe, babengalaziswanga igama likaNkulunkulu? Lezi zinzalamizi zalisebenzisa igama likaNkulunkulu futhi zathola nezithembiso kuJehova. Kodwa zazingamazi uJehova njengalowo obangela ukuba lezo zithembiso zigcwaliseke.—Genesise 12:1, 2; 15:7, 13-16; 26:24; 28:10-15.
7:1—UMose wenziwa kanjani “uNkulunkulu kuFaro”? UMose wanikwa amandla negunya likaNkulunkulu phezu kukaFaro. Ngakho sasingekho isidingo sokuyesaba leyo nkosi.
7:22—Abapristi baseGibhithe bawathathaphi amanzi ayengaphendulwanga igazi? Kungenzeka basebenzisa amanzi ayekhiwe eMfuleni iNayile ngaphambi kwale nhlupho. Ngokusobala, amanzi ahlanzekile ayengatholakala nangokumba imithombo enhlabathini emanzi eduze koMfula iNayile.—Eksodusi 7:24.
8:26, 27—Kungani uMose athi imihlatshelo yama-Israyeli yayizoba “enengekayo kwabaseGibhithe”? EGibhithe kwakukhulekelwa izilwane eziningi ezihlukahlukene. Ngakho ukukhuluma ngemihlatshelo kwanezela isisindo futhi kwenza kwezwakala ukuphikelela kukaMose ukuba ama-Israyeli avunyelwe ukuhamba ayokwenzela uJehova imihlatshelo.
12:29—Obani ababebhekwa njengamazibulo? Kwakungabesilisa kuphela ababebhekwa njengamazibulo. (Numeri 3:40-51) UFaro akabulawanga, nakuba ayeyizibulo. Wayenowakhe umkhaya. Inhlupho yeshumi yayingabulali inhloko yomkhaya, kodwa yayibulala indodana yasekhaya eyizibulo.
12:40—Ama-Israyeli ahlala isikhathi esingakanani ezweni laseGibhithe? Iminyaka engu-430 eshiwo lapha ihlanganisa isikhathi abantwana bakwa-Israyeli abasichitha “ezweni laseGibhithe nasezweni laseKhanani.” (Umbhalo waphansi we-Reference Bible) U-Abrahama, owayeneminyaka engu-75 ubudala, wawela uMfula i-Ewufrathe ngo-1943 B.C.E., elibangise eKhanani. (Genesise 12:4) Kusukela lapho kuze kube ngesikhathi uJakobe owayeneminyaka engu-130 ubudala engena eGibhithe, kwaba iminyaka engu-215. (Genesise 21:5; 25:26; 47:9) Lokhu kusho ukuthi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ama-Israyeli ahlala eminye iminyaka engu-215 eGibhithe.
15:8—Ingabe amanzi oLwandle Olubomvu okuthiwa “ajiya” empeleni aba yiqhwa? Isenzo sesiHebheru esihunyushwe ngokuthi “jiya” sisho ukuncipha noma ukushwaqa. KuJobe 10:10, le nkulumo isetshenziswe ngokuqondene nobisi oluvuthwayo. Ngakho, ukuthi amanzi ajiyile akusikiseli ngempela ukuthi ayiqhwa. Ukube ‘umoya wasempumalanga onamandla,’ okukhulunywa ngawo ku-Eksodusi 14:21, wawubanda ngokwanele ukuba ungenza amanzi abe yiqhwa, ngokungangabazeki kwakuyokhulunywa ngokubanda okushubisa umnkantsha. Njengoba kwakungekho lutho olwalubonakala lubambe amanzi, ayebonakala sengathi ajiyile noma ashwaqile.
Izifundo Esizitholayo:
7:14–12:30. IziNhlupho Eziyishumi azithukanga zenzeka. Zazibikezelwe futhi zafika njengoba nje kwakubonisiwe. Yeka indlela ukuthululwa kwazo okuwabonisa ngayo ngokucacile amandla oMdali okulawula amanzi, ilanga, izinambuzane, izilwane, nabantu! Lezi zinhlupho zibonisa nokuthi uNkulunkulu angaletha usizi ezitheni zakhe kuphela, kuyilapho evikela abakhulekeli bakhe.
11:2; 12:36. UJehova uyababusisa abantu bakhe. Kusobala ukuthi waqiniseka ukuthi ama-Israyeli manje ayesekhokhelwa ngokukhandleka kwawo eGibhithe. Ayengene kuleli zwe engabantu abakhululekile, hhayi izithunjwa zempi okufanele zigqilazwe.
14:30. Singaqiniseka ukuthi uJehova uzobakhulula abakhulekeli bakhe “osizini olukhulu” oluzayo.—Mathewu 24:20-22; IsAmbulo 7:9, 14.
UJEHOVA UHLELA ISIZWE SAKHE
Ngenyanga yesithathu ekhululiwe eGibhithe, ama-Israyeli agoba amadlangala phansi kweNtaba iSinayi. Lapho, athola iMiyalo Eyishumi kanye neminye imithetho, angena esivumelwaneni noJehova, futhi aba isizwe esihlelwe ngokwasezulwini. UMose uchitha izinsuku ezingu-40 entabeni, ethola iziyalezo mayelana nokukhulekela kweqiniso nokwakhiwa kwetabernakele likaJehova, ithempeli elithwalekayo. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ama-Israyeli akha ithole legolide, alikhulekele. Lapho uMose ebuya entabeni, ebona lokhu, uthukuthela aze aziphahlaze phansi izibhebhe ezimbili zamatshe azinikwe uNkulunkulu. Ngemva kokujeziswa ngokufanele kwabenzi bokubi, uMose uphindela entabeni, anikwe ezinye izibhebhe. Ekubuyeni kwakhe, ukwakhiwa kwetabernakele kuyaqala. Ekupheleni konyaka wokuqala ama-Israyeli ekhululekile, leli tende elimangalisayo nayo yonke impahla yalo kuyaqedwa futhi liyamiswa. UJehova ube eseligcwalisa ngenkazimulo yakhe.
Izimpendulo Zemibuzo YemiBhalo
20:5—Kwenzeka kanjani ukuba uJehova alethe “isijeziso sesiphambeko soyise” phezu kwezizukulwane ezilandelayo? Lapho esekhule ngokwanele, umuntu ngamunye wahlulelwa ngesisekelo sokuziphatha nesimo sakhe sengqondo. Kodwa lapho isizwe sakwa-Israyeli siphendukela ezithombeni, imiphumela yalokho yahlupha izizukulwane eziningi ezalandela. Ngisho nama-Israyeli athembekile athinteka ngoba ukungalaleli kwesizwe ezindabeni zokukhulekela kwenza kwaba nzima ngawo ukugcina ubuqotho.
23:19; 34:26—Wawubaluleke ngani umyalo wokuba izinyane lingaphekwa obisini lukanina? Ukupheka izinyane (elembuzi noma elesinye isilwane) obisini lukanina kubikwa ukuthi kwakuyisiko lamaqaba okwakucatshangwa ukuthi liletha imvula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba ubisi lukamama lungolokondla izinyane lakhe, ukupheka izinyane kulo kwakungaba isenzo sonya. Lo mthetho wasiza ekuboniseni abantu bakaNkulunkulu ukuthi kufanele babe nesihawu.
23:20-23—Yayingubani le ngelosi eshiwo lapha, futhi igama likaJehova ‘lalingaphakathi kuyo’ ngamuphi umqondo? Cishe le ngelosi yayinguJesu esimweni sakhe sangaphambi kokuba umuntu. Nguye owasetshenziswa ekuqondiseni ama-Israyeli lapho eya eZweni Lesithembiso. (1 Korinte 10:1-4) Igama likaJehova ‘lingaphakathi kuye’ ngomqondo wokuthi uJesu nguye osekela igama likaYise nolingcwelisayo ngokuyinhloko.
32:1-8, 25-35—Kungani u-Aroni engajeziswanga ngokwakha ithole legolide? U-Aroni wayengavumelani ngokugcwele nalokhu kukhulekela isithombe. Kamuva, kubonakala sengathi wazihlanganisa namanye amaLevi ohlangothini lukaNkulunkulu ngesikhathi amaLevi ephikisa labo ababemelene noMose. Ngemva kokubulawa kwababenecala, uMose wakhumbuza abantu ukuthi babenze isono esikhulu, okubonisa ukuthi bakhona nabanye ngaphandle kuka-Aroni abathola isihawu sikaJehova.
33:11, 20—UNkulunkulu wakhuluma kanjani noMose “ubuso nobuso”? Le nkulumo ibonisa ingxoxo yabantu ababili abasondelene. UMose wakhuluma nommeleli kaNkulunkulu owamtshela ngomlomo iziyalezo zikaJehova. Kodwa uMose akambonanga uJehova njengoba ‘kungekho muntu ongabona uNkulunkulu kodwa aphile.’ Empeleni, uJehova akakhulumanga noMose ngokuqondile. EyabaseGalathiya 3:19 ithi uMthetho “wadluliselwa ngezingelosi ngesandla somlamuleli.”
Izifundo Esizitholayo:
15:25; 16:12. UJehova uyabanakekela abantu bakhe.
18:21. Amadoda akhethelwa izikhundla zemithwalo yemfanelo ebandleni lobuKristu nawo kumelwe abe nekhono, esabe uNkulunkulu, athembeke, futhi angabi nabugovu.
20:1–23:33. UJehova unguMniki-mthetho ophakeme. Lapho ama-Israyeli elalela imithetho yakhe, akwazi ukumkhulekela ngokuhleleka nangenjabulo. UJehova unenhlangano yakhe namuhla. Ukubambisana nayo kusiholela enjabulweni nasekulondekeni.
Ukubaluleka Kwangempela Kwale Ncwadi Kithi
Incwadi ka-Eksodusi yembulani ngoJehova? Imveza njengoMuphi onothando, uMkhululi ongenakuqhathaniswa, noMgcwalisi wezinjongo zakhe. UnguNkulunkulu wenhlangano ayihlele yena.
Njengoba ufunda iBhayibheli masonto onke ulungiselela iSikole Senkonzo Esingokwasezulwini, akungabazeki ukuthi lokho okufundayo ku-Eksodusi kuyokushukumisa ngokujulile. Lapho uhlola lokho okushiwo engxenyeni ethi “Izimpendulo Zemibuzo YemiBhalo,” uyoziqonda ngokwengeziwe izindima ezithile zemiBhalo. Amaphuzu asengxenyeni ethi “Izifundo Esizitholayo” ayokubonisa indlela ongazuza ngayo ekufundweni kweBhayibheli kwalelo sonto.
[Isithombe ekhasini 24, 25]
UJehova wathuma uMose, indoda ethobekile, ukuba ahole ama-Israyeli aphume ebugqilini
[Isithombe ekhasini 25]
IziNhlupho Eziyishumi zabonisa amandla oMdali okulawula amanzi, ilanga, izinambuzane, izilwane, nabantu
[Isithombe ekhasini 26, 27]
NgoMose, uJehova wahlela ama-Israyeli aba isizwe saKhe