Umoya

Incazelo: Igama lesiHeberu elithi ruʹach nelesiGreki elithi pneuʹma, ngokuvamile ahunyushwa ngokuthi “umoya,” asho izinto eziningana. Wonke abhekisela kulokho okungabonakali emehlweni abantu nokunikeza ubufakazi bamandla ngokunyakaza. Lamagama elesiHeberu nelesiGreki asetshenziswa uma kubhekiselwa (1) emoyeni ovunguzayo, (2) emandleni okuphila ayisiphekupheku asezidalweni zasemhlabeni, (3) emandleni ashukumisayo avela enhliziyweni yomuntu engokomfanekiso ambangela ukuba asho futhi enze izinto ngendlela ethile, (4) emazwini aphefumlelwe avela emthonjeni ongabonakali, (5) kubantu bomoya, (6) nasemandleni kaNkulunkulu ayisiphekupheku, noma umoya ongcwele. Okuningana kwalokhu kusetshenziswa kuxoxwa ngakho lapha ngokuphathelene nezingxoxo ezingase ziphakame enkonzweni yasensimini.

Uyini umoya ongcwele?

Ukuqhathanisa imibhalo yeBhayibheli ebhekisela emoyeni ongcwele kubonisa ukuthi ukhulunyelwa ‘njengogcwala’ kubantu; bangase ‘babhapathizwe’ ngawo; futhi bangase ‘bagcotshwe’ ngawo. (Luka 1:41; Math. 3:11; IzE. 10:38) Ayikho kulezinkulumo ebingaba ngefanelekile ukuba umoya ongcwele wawungumuntu.

UJesu futhi wabhekisela kumoya ongcwele ngokuthi “uMduduzi” (ngesiGreki, pa·raʹkle·tos), futhi wathi lomduduzi “uyakunifundisa,” ‘afakaze,’ ‘akhulume,’ futhi ‘ezwe.’ (Joh. 14:16, 17, 26; 15:26; 16:13) Akuyona into engavamile emiBhalweni ukuba into ethile yenziwe samuntu. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuhlakanipha kuthiwa ‘kunabantwana.’ (Luka 7:35) Isono nokufa kukhulunyelwa njengokungamakhosi. (Roma 5:14, 21) Kanti eminye imibhalo ithi umoya “wakhuluma,” ezinye izingxenye zenza kukhanye ukuthi lokhu kwakwenziwa ngezingelosi noma ngabantu. (IzE. 4:24, 25; 28:25; Math. 10:19, 20; qhathanisa izEnzo 20:23 no-21:10, 11.) Kweyoku-1 Johane 5:6-8, akuwona nje umoya kuphela kodwa futhi “amanzi negazi” okuthiwa ‘kuyafakaza.’ Ngakho-ke, ayikho kulezinkulumo ezitholakala kulemibhalo zona ngokwazo ezifakazela ukuthi umoya ongcwele ungumuntu.

Incazelo eqondile yomoya ongcwele kumelwe ifanelane nayo yonke imibhalo ebhekisela kulowomoya. Sinalombono, kungokunengqondo ukuphetha ngokuthi umoya ongcwele ungamandla kaNkulunkulu ayisiphekupheku. Awuyena umuntu kodwa ungamandla uNkulunkulu abangela ukuba asuke kuye ayofeza intando yakhe engcwele.—IHu. 104:30; 2 Pet. 1:21; IzE. 4:31.

Bheka futhi amakhasi 417, 418, ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi “UZiqu-zintathu.”

Yini enikeza ubufakazi bokuthi umuntu unawo ngempela umoya ongcwele?

Luka 4:18, 31-35: “[UJesu wafunda incwadi yomprofethi uIsaya:] UMoya weNkosi [uJehova] uphezu kwami, ngokuba ingigcobile ukuba ngishumayele ivangeli . . . Wehlela eKapernawume umuzi waseGalile. Wayebafundisa ngosuku lwesabatha. Bamangala ngokufundisa kwakhe, ngokuba izwi lakhe lalinamandla. Kwakukhona esinagogeni umuntu onomoya wedemoni elingcolileyo, wamemeza ngezwi elikhulu . . . UJesu wamkhuza wathi: Thula, uphume kuye! Idemoni lamphonsa phansi phakathi kwabo, laphuma kuye lingamlimazanga.” (Yini eyanikeza ubufakazi bokuthi uJesu wayenomoya kaNkulunkulu? Ukulandisa akusho ukuthi waqhaqhazela noma wamemeza noma wehla enyuka ngentshiseko. Kunalokho, kuthi wakhuluma ngokunamandla. Nokho, kungokuphawulekayo ukuthi kulesosenzakalo umoya wobudemoni washukumisela leyondoda ukuba imemeze futhi iwele phansi.)

IzE. 1:8 zithi lapho abalandeli bakaJesu bamukela umoya ongcwele babeyofakaza ngaye. NgokwezEnzo 2:1-11, lapho bewamukela lowomoya, ababukelayo bahlatshwa umxhwele yiqiniso lokuthi, nakuba bonke ababekhuluma babengabaseGalile, babekhuluma ngemisebenzi emikhulu kaNkulunkulu ngezilimi ezazijwayelekile kwabaningi abezizwe ababelapho. Kodwa umbhalo awusho ukuthi kwakukhona ukuklabalasa okungokomzwelo kwalabo abamukela umoya.

Kungokuphawulekayo ukuthi lapho uElisabethe amukela umoya ongcwele wabe esememeza “ngezwi elikhulu” wayengekho emhlanganweni wokukhulekela kodwa wayebingelela isihlobo esasimvakashele. (Luka 1:41, 42) Lapho, njengoba kubikwe kuzEnzo 4:31, umoya ongcwele wehlela kubafundi ababehlangene, leyondawo yazanyazanyiswa, kodwa umphumela walowomoya kubafundi awubanga ukuqhaqhazela noma ukuzibhonqabhonqa, kodwa waba ukuthi ‘bakhulume izwi likaNkulunkulu ngesibindi.’ Ngokufanayo namuhla, isibindi ekukhulumeni izwi likaNkulunkulu, ukuhlanganyela ngentshiseko emsebenzini wokufakaza—yilokhu okunikeza ubufakazi bokuthi umuntu unomoya ongcwele.

Gal. 5:22, 23: “Kepha izithelo [zo]Moya ziluthando, nokujabula, nokuthula, nokubekezela, nobubele, nobuvi, nokukholeka, nobumnene, nokuzithiba.” (Ilezithelo, kunokuklabalasa kokushisekela inkolo, umuntu okufanele azibheke uma efuna ukuthola abantu abanawo ngempela umoya kaNkulunkulu.)

Ingabe amandla okukhuluma ngokuthatheka okukhulu ngolimi umuntu angazange alufunde awubufakazi bokuthi unomoya kaNkulunkulu?

Bheka isihloko esikhulu esithi “Izilimi, Ukukhuluma Ngazo.”

Ingabe ukuphilisa ngokuyisimangaliso okwenziwa osukwini lwethu kwenziwa ngomoya kaNkulunkulu?

Bheka isihloko esikhulu esithi “Ukuphulukisa.”

Obani ababhapathizwa ngomoya ongcwele?

Bheka ikhasi 225, ngaphansi kwesithi “Ubhapathizo,” nesihloko esikhulu esithi “Ukuzalwa Ngokusha.”

Ingabe ikhona ingxenye yomuntu ewumoya esindayo ekufeni komzimba?

Hez. 18:4: “Umphefumulo owonayo uyakufa.” (RS, NE, KJ, neDy wonke ahumusha igama lesiHeberu elithi neʹphesh kulelivesi ngokuthi “umphefumulo,” ngaleyondlela athi umphefumulo ofayo. Ezinye izinguqulo ezihumusha elithi neʹphesh ngokuthi “umphefumulo” kwezinye izingxenye zisebenzisa inkulumo ethi “umuntu” noma “lowo” kulelivesi. Ngakho-ke, ineʹphesh, umphefumulo, ingumuntu, ayiyona ingxenye yakhe ehlukile esindayo uma umzimba wakhe ufa.) (Bheka isihloko esikhulu esithi “Umphefumulo” ngemininingwane eyengeziwe.)

IHu. 146:4: “Umoya wakhe uyaphuma, yena abuyele emhlabathini wakhe; ngalona lolosuku amacebo akhe ayaphela.” (Igama lesiHeberu lapha elihunyushwe ngokuthi “umoya” livela kwelithi ruʹach. Abanye abahumushi balihumusha ngokuthi “ukuphefumula.” Uma leyo-ruʹach, noma amandla okuphila ayisiphekupheku, ishiya umzimba, imicabango yomuntu iyaphela; ayiqhubeki kwenye indawo.)

UmSh. 3:19-21: “Okwehlela amadodana abantu kwehlela nezilwane, into inye ikwehlela kokubili: njengalokhu kufa lokho, kuyafa nalokhu; kunomphefumulo munye, umuntu akazidluli ngalutho izilwane, ngokuba konke kuyize. Konke kuya endaweni inye; konke kuvela othulini, konke kubuyela othulini. Ngubani owaziyo ukuthi umoya wamadodana abantu ukhuphukela phezulu, nomoya wezilwane ukuthi wehlela phansi emhlabathini, na?” (Ngenxa yokuzuza ngefa isono nokufa kuAdamu, bonke abantu bayafa babuyele othulini, njengoba kunjalo ngezilwane. Kodwa ingabe umuntu ngamunye unomoya oqhubeka uphila njengomuntu ohlakaniphile ngemva kokuba uyeke ukusebenza emzimbeni? Cha; Shu 3 ivesi 19 liphendula ngokuthi abantu nezilwane “[kunomoya] munye.” Ngokusekelwe kokubonwa ngabantu kuphela, akekho ongaphendula ngegunya umbuzo ophakanyiswe evesini 21 ngokuqondene nomoya. Kodwa iZwi likaNkulunkulu liyaphendula ukuthi akukho lutho abantu abanalo ngenxa yokuzalwa ebanikeza ukuphakama kunezilwane uma befa. Nokho, ngenxa yelungiselelo likaNkulunkulu lomusa ngoKristu, ithemba lokuphila phakade liye lavulelwa abantu abanokholo, kodwa hhayi izilwane. Ngabaningi besintu, lokho kuyokwenziwa kube nokwenzeka ngovuko, lapho amandla okuphila ayisiphekupheku avela kuNkulunkulu eyobavuselela futhi.)

Luka 23:46: “UJesu wamemeza ngezwi elikhulu, wathi: Baba, ezandleni zakho ngiyawubeka umoya wami [ngesiGreki, pneuʹmaʹ]. Eseshilo lokho wafa.” (Phawula ukuthi uJesu wafa. Lapho umoya wakhe uphuma akazange aye ezulwini. Kwaze kwaba ngosuku lwesithathu kusukela lapho lapho uJesu evuswa kwabafileyo. Khona-ke, njengoba izEnzo 1:3, 9 zibonisa, kwaba ngezinye izinsuku ezingama-40 ngaphambi kokuba anyukele ezulwini. Khona-ke, kusho ukuthini lokho uJesu akusho ngesikhathi sokufa kwakhe? Wayesho ukuthi wayazi ukuthi, lapho efa, amathemba okuphila kwakhe kwesikhathi esizayo ayekuNkulunkulu ngokuphelele. Ngokuqondene nokukhulumela okwengeziwe mayelana ‘nomoya obuyela kuNkulunkulu,’ bheka amakhasi 380, 381 ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi “Umphefumulo.”)

Uma Umuntu Ethi—

‘Unawo umoya ongcwele?’

Ungase uphendule: ‘Yebo, kungaleso sizathu ngiye ngeza kwakho namuhla. (IzE. 2:17, 18)’

Noma ungase uthi: ‘Yilokho okwenza ngikwazi ukuhlanganyela enkonzweni yobuKristu. Kodwa ngithola ukuthi akubona bonke abantu abanomqondo ofanayo ngokuqondene nalokho okunikeza ubufakazi bokuthi umuntu ngempela unawo umoya kaNkulunkulu. Yini oyibhekayo?’ Khona-ke mhlawumbe unganezela: (Ingxoxo ngokunye kokwaziswa okusemakhasini 370, 371.)