ISikhumbuzo (ISidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa)
Incazelo: Isidlo sokukhumbula ukufa kukaJesu Kristu; ngakho-ke, isikhumbuzo sokufa kwakhe, ukufa okuye kwaba nemiphumela efinyelela kude ngaphezu kokwanoma imuphi omunye umuntu. Lesi ukuphela kwesenzakalo iNkosi uJesu Kristu eyayala abafundi bayo ukuba basikhumbule. Saziwa nangokuthi iSidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa.—1 Kor. 11:20.
Sibaluleke ngani iSikhumbuzo?
Kubaphostoli bakhe abathembekile uJesu wathi: “Yenzani lokhu ukuba ningikhumbule.” (Luka 22:19) Lapho ebhalela amalungu ebandla lobuKristu labazelwe ngomoya, umphostoli uPawulu wanezela: “Ngokuba njalo, nxa nidla lesisinkwa niphuza lesisitsha, nimemezela ukufa kweNkosi ize ifike.” (1 Kor. 11:26) Ngakho-ke, iSikhumbuzo sidonsela ukunakekela okukhethekile ekubalulekeni kokufa kukaJesu Kristu ekuphumeleliseni injongo kaJehova. Siqokomisa okushiwo ukufa kukaJesu komhlatshelo ikakhulukazi ngokuphathelene nesivumelwano esisha nangendlela ukufa kwakhe okuthinta ngayo labo abayoba izindlalifa zoMbuso wasezulwini kanye naye.—Joh. 14:2, 3; Heb. 9:15.
ISikhumbuzo futhi siyisikhumbuzo sokuthi ukufa kukaJesu nendlela okwenzeka ngayo, ngokuvumelana nenjongo kaNkulunkulu njengoba ivezwe kuGenesise 3:15 nangemva kwalokho, kwasebenza ekulweleni igama likaJehova. Ngokulondoloza ubuqotho kuJehova kuze kube sekufeni kwakhe, uJesu wabonakalisa ukuthi isono sika-Adamu sasingeve singenxa yanoma ikuphi ukwehluleka ekudaleni koMdali umuntu kodwa ukuthi kungenzeka ngomuntu ukuba alondoloze ukuzinikela kuNkulunkulu okuphelele ngisho nangaphansi kokucindezeleka okunzima, ngaleyondlela uJesu walwela uJehova uNkulunkulu njengoMdali noMbusi weNdawo Yonke. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uJehova wayehlose ukuba ukufa kukaJesu kulungiselele umhlatshelo womuntu ophelele owawudingeka ukuze kuhlengwe inzalo ka-Adamu, ngaleyondlela kwenzeke ngezigidi ezaziyobonisa ukholo ukuba ziphile phakade epharadesi emhlabeni, ekugcwalisekeni kwenjongo kaJehova yokuqala nasekuboniseni uthando lwakhe olukhulu ngesintu.—Joh. 3:16; Gen. 1:28.
Yeka umthwalo omkhulu owawuphezu kukaJesu ngobusuku bakhe bokugcina esemhlabeni njengomuntu! Wayeyazi injongo kaYise wasezulwini ngaye, kodwa futhi wayazi ukuthi kwakumelwe azibonakalise ethembekile ngaphansi kovivinyo. Uma ayengahluleka, yeka isihlamba okwakuyosiletha kuYise, futhi yeka ukulahlekelwa ngesintu! Ngenxa yakho konke okwakuyofezwa ukufa kwakhe, kwakungokufaneleke kakhulu ngoJesu ukuba ayale ukuba kukhunjulwe.
Sisho ukuthini isinkwa newayini esihanjiswa ngeSikhumbuzo?
Ngokuqondene nesinkwa esingenamvubelo uJesu asinikeza abaphostoli bakhe lapho emisa iSikhumbuzo, wathi: “Lokhu kungumzimba wami.” (Marku 14:22) Lesosinkwa safanekisela umzimba wakhe wenyama ongenasono. Wona wayezowunikela ngenxa yamathemba esikhathi esizayo okuphila kwesintu, futhi kulomkhosi kudonselwa ukunakekela okukhethekile emathembeni okuphila okuwenza abe nokwenzeka ngalabo abayokhethwa ukuba bahlanganyele noJesu eMbusweni wasezulwini.
Lapho edlulisa iwayini kubaphostoli bakhe abathembekile, uJesu wathi: “Lokhu kuyigazi lami lesivumelwano elithululwa ngenxa yabaningi.” (Marku 14:24) Lelowayini lalifanekisela igazi lakhe lokuphila. Ngegazi lakhe elichithwayo, kwakuyoba nokwenzeka ukuthethelelwa kwezono kulabo ababa nokholo kulo. Kulesikhathi uJesu wayeqokomisa ukuhlanjululwa esonweni elaliyokwenza kube nokwenzeka kulabo ababezoba izindlalifa kanye naye. Amazwi akhe futhi abonisa ukuthi ngalelogazi isivumelwano esisha phakathi kukaJehova uNkulunkulu nebandla lamaKristu agcotshwe ngomoya sasiyokwenziwa sisebenze.
Bheka futhi amakhasi 82-84, ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi “IMisa.”
Obani okufanele bahlanganyele ekudleni isinkwa newayini?
Obani abahlanganyela lapho uJesu emisa iSidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa ngaphambi nje kokufa kwakhe? Abalandeli abathembekile abayishumi nanye labo uJesu athi kubo: “Nanjengokuba uBaba engimisele umbuso, nami nginimisela wona.” (Luka 22:29) Bonke babengabantu ababemenyelwa ukuhlanganyela noKristu eMbusweni wakhe wasezulwini. (Joh. 14:2, 3) Bonke abahlanganyela ekudleni isinkwa newayini namuhla nabo kumelwe babe ngabantu uKristu abaletha ‘esivumelwaneni soMbuso.’
Bangaki abahlanganyela ekudleni? UJesu wathi “umhlambi omncane” kuphela oyothola uMbuso wasezulwini njengomvuzo wawo. (Luka 12:32) Inani eligcwele laliyoba izi-144 000. (IsAm. 14:1-3) Leloqembu laqala ukukhethwa ngo-33 C.E. Ngokufanelekile-ke, kumelwe kube nenani elincane kuphela elihlanganyela ekudleni manje.
Ingabe uJohane 6:53, 54 ubonisa ukuthi yilabo abahlanganyela ekudleni kuphela abayozuza ukuphila okuphakade?
Joh. 6:53, 54: “UJesu wathi kubo: Ngiqinisile, ngiqinisile ngithi kini: Uma ningayidli inyama yeNdodana yomuntu, niphuze igazi layo, aninakuphila phakathi kwenu. Odla inyama yami, aphuze igazi lami, unokuphila okuphakade; mina ngiyakumvusa ngomuhla wokuphela.”
Lokhu kudla nokuphuza ngokusobala kwakuyodingeka kwenziwe ngokomfanekiso; ngaphandle kwalokho lowo okwenzayo wayeyobe uphula umthetho kaNkulunkulu. (Gen. 9:4; IzEnzo 15:28, 29) Nokho, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi inkulumo kaJesu ekuJohane 6:53, 54 ayishiwongo ngokuqondene nokumiswa kweSidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa. Akekho kwababemlalele owayenombono womkhosi wesinkwa newayini kusetshenziselwa ukumelela inyama negazi likaKristu. Lelo lungiselelo laze lenziwa esikhathini esingangonyaka kamuva, futhi umbiko womphostoli uJohane ngeSidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa uqala ngemva kwezahluko ezingaphezu kweziyisikhombisa kamuva (kuJohane 14) eVangelini elibizwa ngegama lakhe.
Khona-ke, umuntu ‘angayidla’ kanjani ‘inyama yeNdodana yomuntu, aphuze negazi layo’ ngendlela engokomfanekiso ngaphandle kokudla isinkwa nokuphuza iwayini eSikhumbuzweni? Phawula ukuthi uJesu wathi labo abadla futhi baphuze ngaleyondlela babeyoba “nokuphila okuphakade.” Ngaphambili, evesini 40, lapho echaza lokho abantu okumelwe bakwenze ukuze bathole ukuphila okuphakade, yini athi iyintando kaYise? Ukuba “yilowo nalowo obona iNdodana, akholwe yiyo, abe-nokuphila okuphakade.” Khona-ke, kungokunengqondo ukuthi ‘ukudla inyama yakhe nokuphuza igazi lakhe’ ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso kwenziwa ngokubonisa ukholo emandleni ahlengayo enyama negazi likaJesu okwenziwa ngakho umhlatshelo. Lokhu kuboniswa kokholo kuyadingeka kubo bonke abayozuza ukuphila okuphelele, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusemazulwini noKristu noma ePharadesi lasemhlabeni.
ISikhumbuzo kumelwe sikhunjulwe kaningi kangakanani, futhi nini?
UJesu akazange asho ngokuqondile ukuthi kwakumelwe senziwe kaningi kangakanani. Wamane wathi nje: “Yenzani lokhu ukuba ningikhumbule.” (Luka 22:19) UPawulu wathi: “Ngokuba njalo, nxa nidla lesisinkwa niphuza lesisitsha, nimemezela ukufa kweNkosi ize ifike.” (1 Kor. 11:26) Ukuthi “njalo” akusho ngempela ukuthi izikhathi eziningi ngonyaka; kungase kusho kanye ngonyaka esikhathini seminyaka eminingi. Uma ukhumbula isenzakalo esibalulekile, njengosuku lomshado, noma uma isizwe sikhumbula isenzakalo esibalulekile emlandweni waso, lokhu kwenziwa kaningi kangakanani? Kanye ngonyaka ngosuku okwenzeka ngalo. Lokhu futhi bekuyohambisana neqiniso lokuthi iSidlo SeNkosi Sakusihlwa samiswa ngosuku lwePhasika lamaJuda, umkhosi waminyaka yonke owawungeke usagcinwa ngamaJuda ayesebe ngamaKristu.
OFakazi BakaJehova bagcina iSikhumbuzo ngemva kokushona kwelanga ngoNisan 14, ngokubala kwekhalenda lesiJuda elalisetshenziswa ekhulwini lokuqala. Usuku lwesiJuda luqala ekushoneni kwelanga luqhubeke kuze kube sekushoneni kwelanga ngakusasa. Ngakho uJesu wafa ngosuku olufanayo lwekhalenda yesiJuda nalolo amisa ngalo iSikhumbuzo. Ukuqala kwenyanga kaNisan kwakusekushoneni kwelanga ngemva kokuba inyanga entsha ibonakele eJerusalema cishe ngesikhathi sokulingana kwemini nobusuku entwasahlobo. Usuku lweSikhumbuzo luyizinsuku eziyi-14 ngemva kwalokho. (Ngaleyondlela usuku lweSikhumbuzo lungase lungahambisani nalolo lwePhasika eligcinwa ngamaJuda anamuhla. Ngani? Ukuqala kwezinyanga zawo zekhalenda kumiselwe ukuba kuhambisane nenyanga entsha ngokwabolwazi lwezinkanyezi, hhayi inyanga ebonakalayo phezu kweJerusalema, engase ibonakale emahoreni ayi-18 kuya kwangama-30 kamuva. Futhi, amaJuda amaningi namuhla agcina iPhasika ngoNisan 15, hhayi ngomhla ka-14 njengoba kwenza uJesu ngokuvumelana nalokho okwakubhalwe eMthethweni kaMose.)