Ingancishiswa Kanjani Ingozi?

ISIFO semithambo yenhliziyo (CAD) sihlobene nezici eziningi zofuzo, zendawo ezungezile, nendlela yokuphila. I-CAD nesifo senhliziyo kungabangelwa iminyaka, noma amashumi eminyaka, ezingozi ezihlobene nesici esisodwa noma ngaphezulu kulezi.

Ubudala, Ubulili, Nofuzo

Lapho umuntu ekhula kuba nengozi eyengeziwe yesifo senhliziyo. Kubantu abahlaselwa isifo senhliziyo, abangamaphesenti angu-55 abantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65. Amaphesenti angaba ngu-80 alabo ababulawa isifo senhliziyo aneminyaka engu-65 noma ngaphezulu.

Amadoda aneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-50 asengozini enkulu kunabesifazane beqembu elifanayo lobudala. Ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, ingozi owesifazane abhekana nayo iyanda ngenxa yokuncipha okukhulu kwe-hormone eyisivikelo i-estrogen. Ngokwezibalo ezithile, ukwelapha kokubuyisela i-estrogen kungase kunciphise ingozi yesifo senhliziyo kwabesifazane ngamaphesenti angu-40 noma ngaphezulu, nakuba kungase kube nengozi enkulu yezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza.

Ufuzo lungaba nendima eyinhloko. Labo abanabazali abahlaselwa isifo senhliziyo ngaphambi kokuba babe neminyaka engu-50 ubudala basengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa isifo. Ngisho noma abazali baba nalesi sifo sebengaphezu kweminyaka engu-50, kunengozi enkulu. Lapho kunomlando wesifo senhliziyo emkhayeni, inzalo ingase ibe nezinkinga ezifanayo.

I-cholesterol

I-cholesterol, uhlobo oluthile lwamafutha, ibalulekile ekuphileni. Ikhiqizwa isibindi, bese igazi liyiyisa emangqamuzaneni, ngama-molecule okuthiwa ama-lipoprotein. Izinhlobo ezimbili ama-low-density lipoprotein (LDL cholesterol) kanye nama-high-density lipoprotein (HDL cholesterol). I-cholesterol iba yingozi ebangela i-CAD uma kune-LDL cholesterol eningi kakhulu egazini.

Kucatshangwa ukuthi i-HDL ifeza indima yokuvikela ngokususa i-cholesterol ezicutshini iyibuyisele esibindini, lapho iguqulwa khona futhi ikhishwe emzimbeni. Uma i-LDL iphakeme kune-HDL, ingozi yokuhlaselwa isifo senhliziyo iphakeme. Ukunciphisa izinga le-LDL kunganciphisa ingozi kakhulu. Izindlela zokunciphisa ukudla ziyisihluthulelo ekulapheni, futhi ukuvivinya umzimba kungaba usizo. Imithi ehlukahlukene ingaphumelela, kodwa eminye inemiphumela engemihle.a

Kutuswa ukudla okungenayo i-cholesterol namafutha amaningi angancibiliki. Ukuyeka ukudla okunamafutha amaningi angancibiliki, njengebhotela, futhi esikhundleni sakho udle okungenawo, njengamafutha e-canola noma amafutha omnqumo, kunganciphisa i-LDL futhi kugcine i-HDL. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-American Journal of Public Health iphawula ukuthi amafutha emifino ane-hydrogen noma anezinga elincane layo atholakala emikhiqizweni eminingi yebhotela nemifino angandisa i-LDL futhi anciphise i-HDL. Kutuswa nokunciphisa inyama enamafutha amaningi futhi esikhundleni sayo udle inyama yenkukhu noma yegalikuni engenamafutha amaningi.

Ukuhlola kuye kwabonisa ukuthi uvithamini E, i-beta-carotene, novithamini C kunganciphisa i-atherosclerosis ezilwaneni. Ukuhlola okuthile kwaphetha ngokuthi lezi zinto zingase zinciphise nesifo senhliziyo kubantu. Ukudla nsuku zonke imifino nezithelo ezinothe nge-beta-carotene namanye ama-carotenoid novithamini C, njengotamatisi, imifino ewuhlaza, uphepha, izaqathe, ubhatata, nekhabe, kungase kukuvikele ngandlela-thile kuyi-CAD.

Okunye okuthiwa kuwusizo uvithamini B₆ ne-magnesium. Okusanhlamvu njengebhali kanye nobhontshisi, udali (lentils), nezinye izimbewu namantongomane kungaba usizo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kucatshangwa ukuthi ukudla inhlanzi enjenge-salmon, i-mackerel, i-herring, noma i-tuna okungenani kabili ngesonto kungase kunciphise ingozi ye-CAD, njengoba lokhu kudla kugcwele ama-asidi e-omega-3 anamafutha ancibilikayo.

Ukuvilapha

Abantu abavilaphayo basengozini enkulu yesifo senhliziyo. Bachitha ingxenye enkulu yosuku bengenzi lutho futhi abawuvivinyi njalo umzimba. Ngokuvamile laba bantu bahlaselwa isifo senhliziyo ngemva kwemisebenzi ekhandlayo, njengokulungisa ingadi okukhathazayo, ukugijima, ukuqukula izinto ezisindayo, noma ukususa iqhwa ngefosholo. Kodwa ingozi iyancipha kulabo abavivinya umzimba njalo.

Ukuhamba ngamandla imizuzu engu-20 kuya kwengu-30 kathathu noma kane ngesonto kungase kunciphise ingozi yokuhlaselwa isifo. Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kuthuthukisa ikhono lenhliziyo lokumpompa, kunciphisa isisindo, futhi kungase kunciphise amazinga e-cholesterol futhi kwehlise nomfutho wegazi.

Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme, Ukukhuluphala, Nesifo Sikashukela

Umfutho wegazi ophakeme (hypertension) ungalimaza imithambo futhi uvumele i-LDL cholesterol ukuba ingene emithanjeni futhi ibangele ukunqwabelana kwamafutha. Njengoba ungqimba lwamafutha lwanda, kuba nenkinga yokugeleza kwegazi futhi ngenxa yalokho umfutho wegazi wenyuke.

Umfutho wegazi kufanele uhlolwe njalo, njengoba lungase lungabi bikho uphawu lwangaphandle lwenkinga. Uma i-diastolic pressure (inombolo engezansi) incipha ngokukodwa, ingozi yesifo senhliziyo ingase incishiswe ngamaphesenti amabili kuya kwamathathu. Imithi yokunciphisa umfutho wegazi ingase isebenze. Ukunciphisa ukudla, futhi kwezinye izimo ukunciphisa usawoti owudlayo, kanye nokuvivinya umzimba njalo ukuze wehlise isisindo kungasiza ekulawuleni umfutho wegazi ophakeme.

Ukukhuluphala kwandisa umfutho wegazi ophakeme nenkinga yamafutha. Ukugwema noma ukulwa nokukhuluphala kuyindlela eyinhloko yokuvimbela isifo sikashukela. Isifo sikashukela senza i-CAD ibhebhetheke futhi sandisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo.

Ukubhema

Ukubhema ugwayi kuyisici esinamandla esibangela i-CAD. E-United States, kuyimbangela eqondile yokufa kwamaphesenti angu-20 abo bonke ababulawa isifo senhliziyo namaphesenti angaba ngu-50 esifo senhliziyo kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-55 ubudala. Ukubhema ugwayi kwandisa umfutho wegazi futhi kufaka amakhemikhali anobuthi egazini, njenge-nicotine ne-carbon monoxide. Lamakhemikhali wona alimaza imithambo yegazi.

Ababhemayo bafaka engozini nalabo abachayeka ekubhemeni kwabo. Ukuhlola kwembula ukuthi abantu abangabhemi abahlala nabantu ababhemayo basengozini enkulu yesifo senhliziyo. Ngakho, ngokuyeka ukubhema, umuntu anganciphisa ingozi abhekene nayo futhi angase asindise ngisho nokuphila kwabathandekayo abangabhemi.

Ukucindezeleka

Lapho bengaphansi kokucindezeleka okukhulu ngokomzwelo noma ngokwengqondo, labo abane-CAD baba sengozini enkulu kakhulu yesifo senhliziyo nokubulawa yiso ngokungazelele kunabantu abanemithambo ephilile. Ngokokuhlola okuthile, ukucindezeleka kungabangela ukuba imithambo enongqimba lwamafutha amaningi inciphe, futhi lokhu kunciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-27. Ngisho nemithambo engenankinga enkulu kwaqapheleka ukuthi incipha ngokuphawulekayo. Okunye ukuhlola kwabonisa ukuthi ukucindezeleka kakhulu kungabangela ukuba ungqimba lwamafutha asemithanjeni luwohloke, kubangele isifo senhliziyo.

I-Consumer Reports on Health ithi: “Abanye abantu kubonakala bephila benesimo sengqondo esibi. Banokuthambekela kokugxeka, intukuthelo, futhi bacasulwa ubala. Nakuba abantu abaningi bekuziba ukucasuka okungasho lutho, abantu abanenzondo bathinteka kakhulu ngokomzwelo.” Ukuhlala uthukuthele nenzondo kuphakamisa umfutho wegazi, kukhuphula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, futhi kushukumisa isibindi ukuba sifake i-cholesterol egazini. Lokhu kulimaza imithambo yenhliziyo futhi kubangele i-CAD. Kucatshangwa ukuthi intukuthelo yandisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo ngokuphindwe kabili, futhi lokhu kuhlala kuwusongo okungenani amahora amabili. Yini engasiza?

Ngokwe-New York Times, uDkt. Murray Mittleman wathi abantu abazama ukuhlala bezolile phakathi nezingxabano ezingokomzwelo bangase bakwazi ukunciphisa ingozi ababhekene nayo yesifo senhliziyo. Lokhu kuzwakala njengamazwi alotshwa eBhayibhelini emakhulwini eminyaka adlule: “Inhliziyo ezolileyo ingukuphila kwenyama.”—IzAga 14:30.

Umphostoli uPawulu wayazi ukuthi kunjani ukuba ngaphansi kokucindezeleka. Wakhuluma ngezinkathazo ayebhekana nazo nsuku zonke. (2 Korinte 11:24-28) Kodwa wathola usizo lukaNkulunkulu futhi wabhala: “Ningakhathazeki ngalutho, kodwa kukho konke izicelo zenu mazaziwe uNkulunkulu ngomthandazo nangokunxusa kanye nokubonga; futhi ukuthula kukaNkulunkulu okudlula konke ukucabanga kuyoqapha izinhliziyo zenu namandla enu engqondo ngoKristu Jesu.”—Filipi 4:6, 7.

Nakuba kunezinye izici ezihlobene nesifo senhliziyo, lezi okuxoxwe ngazo lapha zingasiza ekuboneni ingozi ukuze umuntu athathe isinyathelo esifanele. Nokho, abanye baye bazibuza ukuthi kunjani ukuphila kwalabo okumelwe babhekane nemiphumela yesifo senhliziyo. Umuntu angalulama kangakanani?

[Umbhalo waphansi]

[Izithombe ekhasini 9]

Ukubhema, ukuthukuthela kalula, ukudla ukudla okunamafutha, nokuvilapha kwandisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo