Umbono WomKristu Ngamagunya Aphakeme
“Yonke imiphefumulo mayizithobe emagunyeni aphakeme, ngoba alikho igunya ngaphandle kwelimiswe uNkulunkulu; amagunya akhona ami ezikhundleni zawo ezilinganiselwe ebekwe uNkulunkulu.”—ROMA 13:1, “NW.”
1, 2. (a) Kungani uPawulu ayeyisiboshwa eRoma? (b) Imiphi imibuzo ephakanyiswa ukudlulisela kukaPawulu icala kuKesari?
UMPHOSTOLI uPawulu wabhalela amaRoma amazwi angenhla cishe ngo-56 C.E. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, wazithola eseRoma njengesiboshwa. Ngani? Wayehlaselwe isixuku eJerusalema futhi wasindiswa amabutho amaRoma. Njengoba ayiswa eKesariya, wabhekana nokumangalelwa okungamanga, kodwa wakwazi ukuzivikela phambi kukaFeliksi, umbusi wamaRoma. UFeliksi, enethemba lokufunjathiswa, wamgcina etilongweni iminyaka emibili. Ekugcineni, uPawulu wacela umbusi owalandela, uFestu, ukuba icala lakhe liqulwe uKesari.—IzEnzo 21:27-32; 24:1–25:12.
2 Lokhu kwakuyilungelo lakhe njengesakhamuzi saseRoma. Kodwa ingabe kwakuvumelana ngoPawulu ukuba adlulisele icala kulelogunya lombuso kuyilapho uJesu ayebhekisele kuSathane ‘njengombusi wagempela walelizwe’ noPawulu ngokwakhe ayembize ngokuthi “unkulunkulu walelizwe”? (Johane 14:30; 2 Korinte 4:4) Noma ingabe igunya lamaRoma ‘lalisesikhundleni esilinganiselwe’ okwakwenza kwaba okufanelekile ngoPawulu ukuba abheke kulelogunya ukuze athole ukuvikelwa kwamalungelo akhe? Eqinisweni, ingabe amazwi abaphostoli angaphambili athi, “Simelwe ukulalela uNkulunkulu [“njengombusi,” NW] kunabantu,” avumela ukulalela kobuKristu ababusi abangabantu noma nini lapho ukungalaleli uNkulunkulu kungahilelekile?—IzEnzo 5:29.
3. Yimuphi umbono ovuthiwe owembulwa uPawulu, futhi unembeza uhileleke kanjani?
3 UPawulu usisiza ukuba siphendule lemibuzo encwadini yakhe eya kumaRoma, lapho embula khona umbono ovuthiwe ngokubusa kwabantu. KumaRoma 13:1-7, uPawulu uyenza icace ingxenye okumelwe ifezwe unembeza womKristu ekulinganiseni ukulalela okuphelele iGunya Eliphakeme Ukwedlula Wonke, uJehova uNkulunkulu, nokulalela okulinganiselwe “amagunya aphakeme.”
Ukuthola Lokho Amagunya Aphakeme Ayikho
4. Yikuphi ukulungiswa kombono okwenziwa ngo-1962, okuphakamisa miphi imibuzo?
4 Eminyakeni ethile, kwaze kwaba ngo-1962, oFakazi BakaJehova babecabanga ukuthi amagunya aphakeme ayenguJehova uNkulunkulu noJesu Kristu. Nokho, ngokuvumelana nezAga 4:18, ukukhanya kwanda, futhi lombono walungiswa, okungase kuphakamise imibuzo ezingqondweni zabanye. Ingabe sinembile manje ngokuthi lamagunya angamakhosi, abengameli, ongqongqoshe, izimeya, izimantshi, nabanye abaphethe amandla asemhlabeni, ezombangazwe ezweni nokuthi kumelwe sibathobele ngendlela elinganiselwe?
5. Kungayiphi indlela umongo wamaRoma 13:1 osisiza ngayo ukuba sithole lokho amagunya aphakeme ayikho, futhi izinguqulo zeBhayibheli ezihlukahlukene ziyisekela kanjani lencazelo?
5 UIrenaeus, umlobi wekhulu lesibili leminyaka C.E., wathi ngokwabanye osukwini lwakhe, uPawulu kumaRoma 13:1 wayekhuluma “ngokuqondene namandla ayizingelosi [noma] ababusi abangabonakali.” Nokho, uIrenaeus ngokwakhe wayebheka amagunya aphakeme ‘njengamagunya abantu angokoqobo.’ Umongo wamazwi kaPawulu ubonisa ukuthi uIrenaeus wayenembile. Emavesini okuphetha amaRoma isahluko 12, uPawulu uchaza indlela amaKristu okumelwe aziphathe ngayo phambi “kwabantu bonke,” aphathe ngisho ‘nezitha’ ngothando nangokucabangela. (Roma 12:17-21) Ngokukhanyayo, amazwi athi “abantu bonke” asebenza kubantu abangaphandle kwebandla lobuKristu. Ngakho “amagunya aphakeme,” uPawulu aqhubeka exoxa ngawo, kumelwe nawo abe ngaphandle kwebandla lobuKristu. Ngokuvumelana nalokhu, phawula indlela izinguqulo ezihlukahlukene ezihumusha ngayo ingxenye yokuqala yamaRoma 13:1: “Wonke umuntu kumelwe alalele amagunya ombuso” (Today’s English Version); “wonke umuntu kumelwe azithobe emagunyeni abusayo” (New International Version); “wonke umuntu kumelwe alalele amagunya endawo yezakhamuzi.”—INew Testament in Modern English kaPhillips.
6. Amazwi kaPawulu ngokukhokhwa kwezintela nenkokhelo akubonisa kanjani ukuthi amagunya aphakeme kumelwe abe amagunya asemhlabeni?
6 UPawulu uyaqhubeka ethi lamagunya adinga izintela nenkokhiso. (Roma 13:6, 7) Ibandla lobuKristu alidingi izintela noma inkokhiso; futhi uJehova noma uJesu nanoma ibaphi abanye “ababusi abangabonakali” abazidingi. (2 Korinte 9:7) Izintela zikhokhwa kuphela emagunyeni asemhlabeni. Ngokuvumelana nalokhu, amagama esiGreki ahunyushwe ngokuthi “intela” nangokuthi “inkokhiso” asetshenziswa uPawulu kumaRoma 13:7 abhekisela ngokukhethekile emalini ekhokhelwa uMbuso.a
7, 8. (a) ImiBhalo ehlukahlukene ivumelana kanjani nombono wokuthi amaKristu kumelwe azithobe emagunyeni ezombangazwe alelizwe? (b) Kunini kuphela lapho umKristu engeke avumelane neziyalezo ‘zegunya’?
7 Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunxusa kukaPawulu kokuzithoba emagunyeni aphakeme kuvumelana nomyalo kaJesu wokunika “uKesari okukaKesari,” lapho “uKesari” emelela khona igunya lasemhlabeni. (Mathewu 22:21) Kuyavumelana futhi namazwi kaPawulu akamuva kuThithu: “Bakhumbuze ukuba bathobele ababusi neziphathimandla, balalele, balungele imisebenzi yonke emihle.” (Thithu 3:1) Ngakho-ke, lapho amaKristu eyalwa ohulumeni ukuba ahlanganyele emisebenzini yomphakathi, avumelana nalokho ngokufaneleke kakhulu uma nje leyomisebenzi ingafani nento yokuyekethisa emelela inkonzo engekho ngokombhalo noma mhlawumbe yeqe izimiso ezingokomBhalo, njengaleso esitholakala kuIsaya 2:4.
8 UPetru futhi wavuma ukuthi kumelwe sizithobe emagunyeni asemhlabeni alelizwe lapho ethi: “Thobelani izimiso zonke zabantu ngenxa yeNkosi, nokuba kuyinkosi njengokuba ingomkhulu, nokuba kungababusi njengokuba bethunywa yiyo, ukuze bajezise abenza okubi, babonge abenza okuhle.” (1 Petru 2:13, 14) Ngokuvumelana nalokhu, amaKristu ayolalela futhi ukunxusa kukaPawulu kuThimothewu: “Ngakho-ke kuqala kukho konke ngiyala ukuba ukunxusa, nokukhuleka, nokucela, nokubonga kwenzelwe abantu bonke, amakhosi nabo bonke abakhulu, ukuze sihlale kahle nangokuthula.”b—1 Thimothewu 2:1, 2.
9. Kungani kungekhona ukungalethi udumo kuJehova ukubhekisela emagunyeni abantu ngokuthi “aphakeme”?
9 Ngokubiza amagunya asemhlabeni ngokuthi “aphakeme,” ingabe ngandlela thile sisuke singabonisi inhlonipho okumelwe iboniswe uJehova? Cha, ngoba uJehova ungaphezulu kakhulu kunokuphakama nje. ‘UyiNkosi Engumbusi,’ “Obedlula Bonke.” (IHubo 73:28; Daniyeli 7:18, 22, 25, 27, qhathanisa neNW; IsAmbulo 4:11; 6:10) Ukuzithoba okufanelekile emagunyeni abantu akusisusi nganoma iyiphi indlela ekukhulekeleni kwethu iGunya Eliphakeme Ukwedlula Wonke, iNkosi enguMbusi uJehova. Khona-ke, lamagunya aphakeme kuze kube kuliphi izinga? Uma nje eqhathaniswa nabanye abantu nasemsebenzini wawo siqu. Anomthwalo wemfanelo wokubusa nokuvikela imiphakathi yabantu, futhi ngenxa yalokhu amisa imithetho ngendlela izindaba zomphakathi okumelwe zibe ngayo.
‘Abekwe Ezikhundleni Zawo Ezilinganiselwe NguNkulunkulu’
10. (a) Inkulumo kaPawulu ekhuluma ‘ngokubeka’ amagunya aphakeme ibonisani ngegunya lakhe siqu uJehova? (b) Yini uJehova aye wayivumela ngokuphathelene ‘nokubekwa’ kwababusi abathile, futhi ngalokho izinceku zakhe ziye zalingwa kanjani?
10 Ukuphakama okwedlulele kukaJehova uNkulunkulu ngisho nangaphezu kwamagunya asemhlabeni kubonakala ngokuthi lamagunya “ami ezikhundleni zawo ezilinganiselwe ebekwe uNkulunkulu.” Nokho, lamazwi aphakamisa umbuzo. Eminyakeni ethile ngemva kokuba uPawulu ebhale lamazwi, umbusi wamaRoma uNero waqalisa umkhankaso wokushushisa amaKristu ngesihluku. Ingabe uNkulunkulu ngokwakhe owabeka uNero esikhundleni sakhe? Lutho neze! Akukhona ukuthi umbusi ngamunye ukhethwa uNkulunkulu futhi abekwe esikhundleni ‘ngomusa kaNkulunkulu.’ Kunalokho, uSathane ngezinye izikhathi ubeka abantu abanonya esikhundleni njengababusi, futhi uJehova uyakuvumela lokhu, kanye nokulingwa okulethwa ababusi abanjalo ezincekwini zakhe ezigcina ubuqotho.—Qhathanisa noJobe 2:2-10.
11, 12. Iziphi izenzakalo ezigcinwe embhalweni uJehova ngokwakhe amisa noma agudluza kuzo amagunya asemhlabeni esikhundleni?
11 Nokho, uJehova ngokwakhe uye wangenela endabeni yabanye ababusi noma ohulumeni ukuze afeze injongo yakhe ephakeme. Ngokwesibonelo, esikhathini sika-Abrahama amaKhanani avunyelwa ukuba ahlale ezweni laseKhanani. Nokho, kamuva uJehova wawasiphula futhi lelizwe walinika imbewu ka-Abrahama. Phakathi nokuhlala kwamaIsrayeli ehlane, uJehova akazange awenze anqobe abakwa-Amoni, abakwaMowabi, neNtaba iSeyiri. Kodwa wawayala ukuba abhubhise imibuso yaseSihoni no-Ogi.—Genesise 15:18-21; 24:37; Eksodusi 34:11; Duteronomi 2:4, 5, 9, 19, 24; 3:1, 2.
12 Ngemva kokuba uIsrayeli ahlale eKhanani, uJehova waqhubeka enesithakazelo esiqondile emagunyeni ayethinta abantu bakhe. Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho uIsrayeli onile, uJehova wayemvumela ukuba abe ngaphansi kwegunya lamaqaba. Lapho ephenduka, wayelisusa lelogunya ezweni. (AbAhluleli 2:11-23) Ekugcineni, wavumela uJuda, kanye nezinye izizwe eziningi, ukuba zibe ngaphansi kokubusa kweBabiloni. (Isaya 14:28–19:17; 23:1-12; 39:5-7) Ngemva kokuba uIsrayeli eye ekuthunjweni eBabiloni, uJehova wabikezela ukuvuka nokuwa kwemibuso yezwe eyayiyothinta abantu bakhe kusukela esikhathini seBabiloni kwehle kuze kube sosukwini lwethu.—Daniyeli, izahluko 2, 7, 8 no-11.
13. (a) Ngokwengoma kaMose, kungani uJehova anquma umngcele wabantu? (b) Kungani kamuva uNkulunkulu abuyisela uIsrayeli ezweni lakhe?
13 UMose wahlabelela ngoJehova: “Lapho oPhezukonke wazinika izizwe ifa lazo, lapho wahlukanisa abantwana babantu, wamisa imikhawulo yezizwe njengokomumo wabantwana bakwaIsrayeli. Ngokuba isabelo sikaJehova singabantu bakhe; uJakobe uyisiqephu sefa lakhe.” (Duteronomi 32:8, 9; qhathanisa nezEnzo 17:26.) Yebo, ukuze afeze izinjongo zakhe, uNkulunkulu lapho wanquma ukuthi yimaphi amagunya okwakumelwe ahlale ekhona nokuthi yimaphi okwakumelwe abhujiswe. Ngalendlela, wanika inzalo ka-Abrahama izwe ukuba idle ifa lalo futhi kamuva wayibuyisela kulelozwe, ukuze ekugcineni iMbewu ethenjisiwe ivele lapho, njengoba nje kwakuprofethiwe.—Daniyeli 9:25, 26; Mika 5:2.
14. Ngokwengxenye enkulu, kungamuphi umqondo uJehova amisa ngawo iziphathimandla ezingabantu ezikhundleni zazo ezilinganiselwe?
14 Nokho, ezikhathini eziningi uJehova ubeka ababusi ezikhundleni zabo ezilinganiselwe ngomqondo wokuthi uvumela abantu ukuba bathathe izikhundla ezishiyanayo omunye nomunye kodwa ezihlala zingaphansi kwakhe. Ngakho, lapho uJesu ema phambi kukaPontiyu Pilatu, watshela lowombusi: “Ngabe awunamandla neze phezu kwami, ukuba awuwanikwanga ngaphezulu.” (Johane 19:11) Lokhu kwakungasho ukuthi uPilatu wayebekwe uNkulunkulu ngokwakhe kulesosikhundla, kodwa kwakusho ukuthi igunya lokufa nokuphila kukaJesu lalingatholakala kuphela ngemvume kaNkulunkulu.
“Unkulunkulu Walelizwe”
15. Kungayiphi indlela uSathane alawula ngayo igunya kulelizwe?
15 Nokho, kuthiwani ngamazwi eBhayibheli athi uSathane ungunkulunkulu, noma umbusi, walelizwe? (Johane 12:31; 2 Korinte 4:4) Eqinisweni, kuthiwani ngokuqhosha kukaSathane kuJesu lapho ebonisa uJesu yonke imibuso yezwe futhi ethi: “Amandla onke . . . [a]nikwé mina, futhi ngi[wa]nika noma ubani ngokuthanda kwami.” (Luka 4:6) UJesu akazange akuphikise ukuqhosha kukaSathane. Futhi amazwi kaSathane avumelana nalokho uPawulu akubhala kamuva kwabase-Efesu: “Asibambene negazi nenyama, kodwa sibambene nemibuso, namandla, nababusi bezwe balobubumnyama, nabawomoya bobubi emkhathini.” (Efesu 6:12) Ngaphezu kwalokho, incwadi yesAmbulo iveza uSathane njengodrako omkhulu onika umfanekiso wesilo wesimiso sezwe sezombangazwe “amandla akhe, nesihlalo sakhe sobukhosi, nokubusa okukhulu.”—IsAmbulo 13:2.
16. (a) Kubonakala kanjani ukuthi igunya likaSathane lilinganiselwe? (b) Kungani uJehova evumela uSathane ukuba abe negunya phakathi kwesintu?
16 Nokho, phawula ukuthi amazwi kaSathane kuJesu athi, “Amandla onke . . . [a]nikwé mina,” abonisa ukuthi naye usebenzisa igunya ngemvume kuphela. Kungani uNkulunkulu enikeza lemvume? Ukuphishekela kukaSathane njengombusi wezwe kwaqala emuva e-Edene lapho esola uNkulunkulu obala ngokuthi uqamba amanga futhi ubusebenzisa ngokungalungi ubukhosi baKhe. (Genesise 3:1-6) UAdamu noEva balandela uSathane bangamlalela uJehova uNkulunkulu. Kuleloqophelo kwakungaba ukulunga okuphelele ngoJehova ukuba abhubhise uSathane nabalandeli bakhe ababili abasha. (Genesise 2:16, 17) Kodwa amazwi kaSathane ngempela ayeyinselele yomuntu siqu kuJehova. Ngakho uNkulunkulu ngokuhlakanipha kwakhe wamvumela uSathane ukuba aphile isikhashana, futhi uAdamu noEva bavunyelwa ukuba bandise abantwana ngaphambi kokuba bafe. Ngalendlela, uNkulunkulu wavumela isikhathi nethuba ukuze kuboniswe ukuthi inselele kaSathane ingamanga.—Genesise 3:15-19.
17, 18. (a) Kungani singase sisho ukuthi uSathane ungunkulunkulu walelizwe? (b) Kungayiphi indlela ‘okungekho ngayo igunya’ kulelizwe ‘ngaphandle kwelimiswe uNkulunkulu’?
17 Izenzakalo eziye zenzeka kusukela e-Edene ziye zabonisa ukuthi izinsolo zikaSathane zazingamanga aluhlaza. Inzalo ka-Adamu ayiyitholanga injabulo kungakhathaliseki ngaphansi kokubusa kukaSathane noma ngaphansi kokubusa komuntu. (UmShumayeli 8:9) Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusebenzelana kukaNkulunkulu nabantu bakhe siqu kuye kwabonisa ukuphakama kokubusa kwaphezulu. (Isaya 33:22) Kodwa njengoba iningi lenzalo ka-Adamu lingabamukeli ubukhosi bukaJehova, lazi noma lingazi likhonza uSathane njengonkulunkulu walo.—IHubo 14:1; 1 Johane 5:19.
18 Ngokushesha, izimpikiswano ezaphakanyiswa e-Edene zizoxazululwa. UMbuso kaNkulunkulu uyokuthatha ngokuphelele ukuphathwa kwezindaba zesintu, futhi uSathane uyofakwa kwalasha. (Isaya 11:1-5; IsAmbulo 20:1-6) Nokho, okwamanje, uhlobo oluthile lwelungiselelo, noma isimiso, luye lwadingeka phakathi kwesintu ukuze ukuphila okuhlelekile kube nokwenzeka. UJehova “kasiye owesiyaluyalu kepha ngowokuthula.” (1 Korinte 14:33) Ngakho, uye wavumela izimiso zamagunya ukuba zibe khona emiphakathini eyavela ngaphandle kwase-Edene, futhi uye wavumela abantu ukuba basebenzise igunya kulelilungiselelo. Ngalendlela “alikho igunya ngaphandle kwelimiswe uNkulunkulu.”
Iziphathimandla Ezinombono Omuhle
19. Ingabe bonke ababusi abangabantu bangaphansi kokulawula okuqondile kukaSathane?
19 Kusukela e-Edene, uSathane ubelokhu enenkululeko enkulu phakathi kwesintu, futhi uye wasebenzisa lenkululeko ukuze alawule izenzakalo emhlabeni, ngokuvumelana nokuqhosha kwakhe kuJesu. (Jobe 1:7; Mathewu 4:1-10) Nokho, lokhu akusho ukuthi bonke ababusi balelizwe bazithoba ngokuqondile ekulawuleni kukaSathane. Abanye—njengoNero ekhulwini lokuqala leminyaka noAdolf Hitler kwelethu—baye babonakalisa umoya wobusathane ngempela. Kodwa abanye abazange. USergiyu Pawulu, umbusi waseKhupro, ‘wayengumuntu onengqondo enhle owayefuna ukuzwa izwi likaNkulunkulu.’ (IzEnzo 13:7) UGaliyu, umbusi waseAkhaya, wenqaba ukucindezelwa abamangaleli bakaPawulu abangamaJuda. (IzEnzo 18:12-17) Abanye ababusi abaningi ngendlela ehloniphekayo baye basebenzisa igunya labo ngokucabangela.—Qhathanisa namaRoma 2:15.
20, 21. Iziphi izenzakalo kulelikhulu lama-20 leminyaka ezibonisa ukuthi ababusi abangabantu abenzi intando kaSathane ngaso sonke isikhathi?
20 Incwadi yesAmbulo yabikezela ukuthi phakathi ‘nosuku lweNkosi,’ oluqala ngo-1914, uJehova wayeyosebenzisa ngisho namagunya abantu ukuze abhuntshise izinjongo zikaSathane. IsAmbulo sichaza isikhukhula soshushiso, esiqaliswa uSathane ngokumelene namaKristu agcotshiwe, esiyogwinywa “umhlaba.” (IsAmbulo 1:10; 12:16) Imibuso ‘esemhlabeni,’ umphakathi wesintu okhona manje emhlabeni, wawuyovikela abantu bakaJehova ekushushiseni kukaSathane.
21 Ingabe lokhu kuye kwenzeka ngempela? Yebo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngawo-1930 no-1940 oFakazi BakaJehova eUnited States babengaphansi kokucindezelwa okukhulu, behlaselwa izixuku futhi beboshwa ngokuphindaphindiwe ngokungeyikho. Bathola ukukhululwa lapho iNkantolo Ephakeme yaseU.S. idlulisa izinqumo eziningana eziqaphela ukuba semthethweni komsebenzi wabo. Nakwezinye izindawo, iziphathimandla ziye zanikeza abantu bakaNkulunkulu usizo. Cishe eminyakeni engu-40 edlule eIreland, isixuku samaRoma Katolika sahlasela oFakazi ababili edolobheni laseCork. Iphoyisa lendawo lanikeza laboFakazi usizo, futhi inkantolo yomthetho yabajezisa labahlaseli. Onyakeni odlule nje eFiji, umhlangano wamakhosi endawo wezwa ngesihlongozo sokuvimbela umsebenzi woFakazi BakaJehova. Enye induna yakhulumela oFakazi ngesibindi, futhi lesosihlongozo samane sanqotshwa.
22. Imiphi imibuzo okuzoxoxwa ngayo ngokulandelayo?
22 Cha, amagunya asemhlabeni awafezi ngaso sonke isikhathi izinjongo zikaSathane. AmaKristu angazithoba emagunyeni aphakeme ngaphandle kokuzithoba kuSathane ngokwakhe. Eqinisweni, ayozithoba kulamagunya uma nje uNkulunkulu esavumela iziphathimandla ukuba zibe khona. Nokho, ukuzithoba okunjalo kusho ukuthini? Futhi yini amaKristu angase ayilindele uma enza kanjalo emagunyeni aphakeme? Lemibuzo kuzoxoxwa ngayo ezihlokweni ezifundwayo eziqala emakhasini 18 no-23 alomagazini.
[Imibhalo yaphansi]
a Ngokwesibonelo, bheka ukusetshenziswa kwegama elithi “intela” (phoʹros) kuLuka 20:22. Bheka futhi ukusetshenziswa kwegama lesiGreki elithi teʹlos, elihunyushwe lapha ngokuthi “inkokhelo,” kuMathewu 17:25, lapho lihunyushwe khona ngokuthi “intela.”
b Ibizo lesiGreki elihunyushwe ngokuthi “abakhulu,” hy·pe·reʹkho, lihlobene nesenzo esithi hy·pe·reʹkho. Igama elithi “phakeme” emazwini athi “amagunya aphakeme” lisuselwa esenzweni esifanayo sesiGreki, okunezela ebufakazini bokuthi amagunya aphakeme angamagunya asemhlabeni. Ukuhumushwa kwamaRoma 13:1 kuyiNew English Bible okuthi, “Wonke umuntu kumelwe azithobe emagunyeni aphakeme ukwedlula wonke,” akunembile. Abantu “abakhulu” ababona abaphakeme ukwedlula bonke, nakuba bengase babe abaphakeme kwabanye abantu.
Ubungaphendula Kanjani?
◻ Lingubani igunya eliphakeme?
◻ Singasho kanjani ukuthi ‘alikho igunya ngaphandle kwelimiswe uNkulunkulu’?
◻ Kungani uJehova evumela izwe ukuba libe ngaphansi kwegunya likaSathane?
◻ Kungayiphi indlela uNkulunkulu abeka ngayo amagunya abantu ‘ezikhundleni zawo ezilinganiselwe’?
[Isithombe ekhasini 13]
Ngemva kokushiswa kweRoma, uNero wabonakalisa umoya wobusathane ngempela
[Isithombe ekhasini 15]
USergiyu Pawulu, umbusi waseKhupro, wafuna ukuzwa izwi likaNkulunkulu