Isahluko 10

UbuKristu—Ingabe UJesu Wayeyindlela Eya KuNkulunkulu?

Kuze kube manje, ngaphandle kwesahluko esiphathelene nobuJuda, siye sacabangela izinkolo ezinkulu lezo ngokwezinga elikhulu ezisekelwe ezinganekwaneni. Manje sizohlola enye inkolo ethi isondeza isintu kuNkulunkulu—ubuKristu. Siyini isisekelo sobuKristu—inganekwane noma iqiniso elingokomlando?

 1. (a) Kungani umlando weLobukholwa ubangela abathile ukuba babe nokungabaza okungathi sína ngobuKristu? (b) Imuphi umehluko esiwenzayo phakathi kweLobukholwa nobuKristu?

UMLANDO weLobukholwa,a nezimpi zalo, ukuqulwa kwamacala ezihlubuki, izimpi zenkolo, nobuzenzisi obungokwenkolo, akuzange kusize uhlangothi lobuKristu. AmaMuslim azinikele nabanye babhekisela ekonakaleni ngokokuziphatha nasekuwohlokeni kwezwe “lobuKristu” laseNtshonalanga njengesisekelo sokwenqaba ubuKristu. Ngempela, izizwe okuthiwa zingamaKristu ziye zalahlekelwa isiqondiso sazo esingokokuziphatha futhi zaphukelwa umkhumbi wazo emadwaleni okungabi nalukholo, ukuhaha, nokuzitika.

 2, 3. (a) Yikuphi ukwehluka okukhona phakathi kokuziphatha kwamaKristu okuqala nalokho kwabantu beLobukholwa lanamuhla? (b) Imiphi eminye imibuzo ezophendulwa?

² Ukuthi izindinganiso zobuKristu bakuqala zazihlukile ezimisweni zokuyekelela zanamuhla kufakazelwa uProfesa Elaine Pagels encwadini yakhe ethi Adam, Eve, and the Serpent, kuyona athi: “AmaKristu amaningi amakhulu amane okuqala eminyaka ayeneqholo ngokuzithiba kwawo ngokobulili; agwema isithembu futhi ngokuvamile nokudivosa, okwakuvunyelwa isiko lamaJuda; futhi ayenqaba imikhuba yobulili ngaphandle komshado eyayimukeleka kakhulu phakathi kwababephila nabo abangamaqaba, imikhuba eyayihlanganisa ubufebe nobungqingili.”

³ Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukubuza, Ingabe umlando weLobukholwa nesimo salo sanamuhla sokuziphatha kuwukubonakaliswa kweqiniso kwezimfundiso zikaJesu Kristu? UJesu wayeluhlobo luni lomuntu? Ingabe wasiza ekusondezeni isintu kuNkulunkulu? Ingabe wayenguMesiya othenjisiwe wesiprofetho sesiHeberu? Lena ngeminye yemibuzo esizoyicabangela kulesisahluko.

UJesu—Zaziyini Izimfanelo Zokufaneleka Kwakhe?

 4. Ekuhloleni kwethu, yimuphi umehluko ocacile esiye sawuphawula phakathi kobuKristu nemisuka yabo, nezinkolo ezinkulu zomhlaba?

⁴ Ezahlukweni zokuqala siye sabona indima evelele izinganekwane eziye zaba nayo cishe kuzo zonke izinkolo ezinkulu zomhlaba. Nokho, lapho siphendukela emisukeni yobuJuda esahlukweni sethu esandulelayo, asizange siqale ngenganekwane kodwa ngeqiniso elingokomlando ngoAbrahama, okhokho bakhe, nenzalo yakhe. Ngokufanayo ngobuKristu nomsunguli wabo, uJesu, ngeke siqale ngezinganekwane, kodwa ngomuntu ongokomlando.—Bheka ibhokisi, ekhasini 237.

 5. (a) Yiziphi izimfanelo ezintathu uJesu ayenazo ezifakazela ukuthi ‘wayeyimbewu’ ka-Abrahama ethenjisiwe? (b) Obani ababhala imiBhalo YamaKristu YesiGreki?

⁵ Ivesi lokuqala lemiBhalo YamaKristu YesiGreki, eyaziwa ngokuvamile ngokuthi iTestamente Elisha (bheka ibhokisi, ekhasini 241), lithi: “Incwadi yokuzalwa [“yomlando,” NW] kukaJesu Kristu, indodana kaDavide, indodana ka-Abrahama.” (Mathewu 1:1) Ingabe lawo amazwi angenasisekelo anikezwa uMathewu, owayekade engumthelisi ongumJuda nomfundi oseduze nawaloba ngomlando wokuphila kukaJesu? Cha. Amavesi angu-15 alandelayo anikeza uhlu lwenzalo ka-Abrahama kuze kufinyelele kuJakobe, “owazala uJosefa, indoda kaMariya, azalwa nguye UJESU, othiwa UKRISTU.” Ngakho, uJesu ngempela wayeyinzalo ka-Abrahama, uJuda, noDavide futhi ngenxa yalokho wayenezimfanelo ezintathu ezimenza akufanelekele ukuba “imbewu” (NW) ebikezelwe kaGenesise 3:15 neka-Abrahama.—Genesise 22:18; 49:10; 1 IziKronike 17:11.

 6, 7. Kungani indawo uJesu azalelwa kuyo yayibalulekile?

⁶ Enye yezimfanelo zokuba afaneleke njengeMbewu enguMesiya yayiyokuba indawo yakhe yokuzalwa. Wazalelwaphi uJesu? UMathewu usitshela ukuthi uJesu ‘wazalelwa eBetlehema laseJudiya emihleni kaHerode inkosi.’ (Mathewu 2:1) Ukulandisa kukadokotela uLuka kuyaliqinisekisa lelophuzu, kusitshela lokhu ngokuphathelene nowayezokuba nguyise kaJesu wokutholwa: “Naye uJosefa wakhuphuka ephuma eGalile emzini waseNazaretha, waya eJudiya emzini kaDavide othiwa iBetlehema, ngokuba wayengowendlu nozalo lukaDavide, ukuyobalwa kanye noMariya owammiselwe ukuba abe-ngumkakhe, ekhulelwe.”—Luka 2:4, 5.

⁷ Kungani kwakubalulekile ukuba uJesu azalelwe eBetlehema kunaseNazaretha noma komunye umuzana? Kungenxa yesiprofetho esashiwo ekhulwini lesishiyagalombili leminyaka B.C.E. umprofethi ongumHeberu uMika: “Kepha wena-Betlehema-Efratha, omncane ukuba ube-phakathi kwemindeni yakwaJuda, ngiyakuphunyelwa ngovela kuwe, ozakuba-ngumbusi kwaIsrayeli, okuvela kwakhe kusukela endulo ezinsukwini zaphakade.” (Mika 5:2) Ngakho, ngendawo azalelwa kuyo, uJesu wathola enye yezimfanelo zokuthi wayeyiMbewu ethenjisiwe noMesiya.—Johane 7:42.

 8. Yiziphi ezinye iziprofetho uJesu azigcwalisa?

⁸ Eqinisweni, uJesu wagcwalisa iziprofetho eziningi ngokwengeziwe ezivela emiBhalweni YesiHeberu, kanjalo efakazela ukuthi wayenazo zonke izimfanelo zokuthi unguMesiya othenjisiwe. Ungase uhlole ezinye zalezi eBhayibhelini. (Bheka ibhokisi, ekhasini 245.)b Kodwa manje ake sihlole kafushane isigijimi sikaJesu nenkonzo yakhe.

Ukuphila KukaJesu Kukhomba Indlela

 9. (a) UJesu wayiqalisa kanjani inkonzo yakhe yasobala? (b) Sazi kanjani ukuthi uJesu wayevunyelwe uNkulunkulu?

⁹ Ukulandisa kweBhayibheli kusitshela ukuthi uJesu wakhuliswa njengomntwana ongumJuda ovamile wesikhathi sakhe, eya esinagogeni lendawo nasethempelini eJerusalema. (Luka 2:41-52) Lapho efinyelela iminyaka engu-30 ubudala, waqalisa inkonzo yakhe yasobala. Okokuqala waya kumzala wakhe uJohane, owayebhapathiza amaJuda njengophawu lokuphenduka emfuleni iJordani. Ukulandisa kukaLuka kuyasitshela: “Kwathi bebhapathiziwe abantu bonke, naye uJesu esebhapathiziwe, ekhuleka, izulu lavuleka, uMoya oNgcwele enesimo somzimba njengejuba wehlela phezu kwakhe; kwavela izwi ezulwini, lithi: Wena uyiNdodana yami ethandekayo; ngithokozile ngawe.”—Luka 3:21-23; Johane 1:32-34.

10, 11. (a) Yiziphi ezinye izici zezindlela zikaJesu zokushumayela nokufundisa? (b) UJesu wakubonisa kanjani ukubaluleka kwegama likaYise?

¹⁰ Ngesikhathi esifanele, uJesu wangenela inkonzo yakhe njengeNdodana kaNkulunkulu egcotshiwe. Wahamba kulo lonke elaseGalile nelaseJudiya eshumayela isigijimi soMbuso kaNkulunkulu futhi enza izimangaliso, njengokuphulukisa abagulayo. Akazange amukele inkokhelo futhi akazange abheke ingcebo noma udumo. Eqinisweni, wathi kunenjabulo enkulu ngokupha kunangokwamukela. Futhi wafundisa abafundi bakhe indlela yokushumayela.—Mathewu 8:20; 10:7-13; IzEnzo 20:35, qhathanisa neNW.

¹¹ Lapho sihlaziya isigijimi sikaJesu nezindlela ayezisebenzisa, sibona umehluko ovelele phakathi kwendlela yakhe neyabashumayeli abaningi beLobukholwa. Akazange adlale ngezixuku ngokuvusa imizwa yazo ngokubonakalisa imizwelo engekho noma ngamasu okuzethusa ngomlilo wesihogo. Kunalokho, uJesu wasebenzisa ukuhluzeka komqondo okulula nemifanekiso, ayeyisusela ekuphileni kwansuku zonke ukuze akhange inhliziyo nengqondo. INtshumayelo yakhe edumile yaseNtabeni iyisibonelo esivelele sezimfundiso nezindlela zakhe. Okuhlanganiswe kuleyontshumayelo umthandazo kaJesu oyisibonelo, anikeza kuwo isiqondiso esicacile sezinto eziza kuqala kumKristu ngokubeka ukungcweliswa kwegama likaNkulunkulu endaweni yokuqala. (Bheka ibhokisi, emakhasini 258-9.)—Mathewu 5:1–7:29; 13:3-53; Luka 6:17-49.

12. (a) UJesu walubonakalisa kanjani uthando ezimfundisweni nasezenzweni zakhe? (b) Izwe laliyoba elihluke kanjani ukuba uthando lobuKristu lwaluboniswa ngeqiniso?

¹² Ekusebenzelaneni kwakhe nabalandeli bakhe neningi, uJesu wabonisa uthando nozwela. (Marku 6:30-34) Nakuba ayeshumayela isigijimi soMbuso kaNkulunkulu, wayebonisa futhi uthando nokuzithoba ngokomuntu siqu. Ngakho, wayengasho lokhu kubafundi bakhe phakathi namahora okugcina okuphila kwakhe: “Ngininika umyalo omusha wokuba nithandane; njengalokho nginithandile, nani nithandane. Ngalokho bonke bayakukwazi ukuthi ningabafundi bami, uma nithandana.” (Johane 13:34, 35) Ngakho-ke, ingqikithi yobuKristu empeleni iwuthando lokuzidela olusekelwe esimisweni. (Mathewu 22:37-40) Ngokoqobo lokhu kusho ukuthi umKristu kufanele athande ngisho nezitha zakhe, nakuba engase azonde imisebenzi yazo emibi. (Luka 6:27-31) Cabanga ngalokho okwesikhashana. Yeka ukuthi lelizwe beliyoba elihluke kanjani ukuba wonke umuntu eqinisweni wayebonisa lolohlobo lothando!—Roma 12:17-21; 13:8-10.

13. Kungayiphi indlela imfundiso kaJesu yayihlukile kwekaConfucius, uLao-tzu, noBuddha?

¹³ Nokho, lokho uJesu akufundisa kwakusho okukhulu kakhulu kunesimiso nje sokuziphatha noma ifilosofi, njengalezo ezafundiswa uConfucius noLao-tzu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uJesu akazange afundise, njengoba kwenza uBuddha, ukuthi umuntu angasebenzela insindiso yakhe siqu ngendlela yolwazi nokukhanyiselwa. Kunalokho, wabhekisela kuNkulunkulu njengomthombo wensindiso lapho ethi: “Ngokuba uNkulunkulu walithanda izwe kangaka, waze wanikela ngeNdodana yakhe ezelwe yodwa ukuba yilowo nalowo okholwa yiyo angabhubhi, kodwa abe-nokuphila okuphakade. Ngokuba uNkulunkulu kayithumelanga iNdodana ezweni ukuba yahlulele izwe, kodwa ukuba izwe lisindiswe ngayo.”—Johane 3:16, 17.

14. Kungani uJesu ayengathi, “Mina ngiyindlela, neqiniso, nokuphila”?

¹⁴ Ngokubonakalisa uthando lukaYise emazwini akhe siqu nasezenzweni, uJesu wasondeza abantu kuNkulunkulu. Leso esinye sezizathu sokuba wayengathi: “Mina ngiyindlela, neqiniso, nokuphila; akakho oza kuBaba ngaphandle kwami. . . . Ongibonile mina ubonile uBaba; usho kanjani ukuthi: Sikhombise uYihlo, na? Awukholwa ukuthi ngikuBaba, noBaba ukimi, na? Amazwi engiwakhuluma mina kini angiwakhulumi ngokwami; kepha uBaba ohlezi kimi wenza imisebenzi yakhe. . . . Nizwile ukuthi nganitshela ngathi: Ngiyamuka, kepha ngiyabuyela kini. Uma beningithanda, beniyakujabula, ngokuba ngiya kuBaba, lokhu uBaba mkhulu kunami.” (Johane 14:6-28) Yebo, uJesu ‘wayeyindlela, neqiniso, nokuphila’ ngoba wayehola labobantu abangamaJuda ababuyisele kuYise, uNkulunkulu wabo weqiniso, uJehova. Ngakho-ke, ngoJesu ukufuna kwesintu uNkulunkulu ngokushesha kwaba nomfutho ngoba uNkulunkulu, ngothando lwakhe oluphakeme, wayethumele uJesu emhlabeni njengobhaqa lokukhanya neqiniso ukuze aholele abantu kuBaba.—Johane 1:9-14; 6:44; 8:31, 32.

15. (a) Kumelwe senzeni ukuze sithole uNkulunkulu? (b) Yibuphi ubufakazi obukhona lapha emhlabeni bothando lukaNkulunkulu?

¹⁵ Ngesisekelo senkonzo nesibonelo sikaJesu, uPawulu oyisithunywa sevangeli kamuva wayengathi kumaGreki eAthene: “[UNkulunkulu] wazenza izizwe zonke ngagazi linye ukuba zakhe ebusweni bonke bomhlaba, wamisa izikhathi ezinqunyiweyo nemikhawulo yokuhlala kwazo, ukuze zifune uNkulunkulu, ingabe zingamuzwa, zimfumane; ingani kakude kulowo nalowo kithi. Ngokuba siphila, sihamba, sikhona kuye.” (IzEnzo 17:26-28) Yebo, uNkulunkulu angatholakala uma umuntu ezimisele ukwenza umzamo wokumfuna. (Mathewu 7:7, 8) UNkulunkulu uye wazibonakalisa yena nothando lwakhe ngoba uye walungiselela umhlaba osekela izinhlobonhlobo zokuphila ezibonakala zingenakuphela. Unikeza okudingekayo kuso sonke isintu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi silungile noma asilungile. Uye futhi wanikeza isintu iZwi lakhe elilotshiwe, iBhayibheli, futhi wathumela iNdodana yakhe njengomhlatshelo wesihlengo.c Ngaphezu kwalokho, uNkulunkulu uye wanikeza usizo abantu abaludingayo ukuze lubasize bathole indlela eya kuYe.—Mathewu 5:43-45; IzEnzo 14:16, 17; Roma 3:23-26.

16, 17. Uthando lweqiniso lobuKristu kumelwe lubonakaliswe kanjani?

¹⁶ Yebo, uthando lobuKristu akumelwe lubonakaliswe ngamazwi kuphela kodwa ngokubaluleke kakhulu nangezenzo. Ngenxa yalesosizathu umphostoli uPawulu wabhala: “Uthando luyabekezela, uthando lumnene, alunamhawu, uthando aluzigabisi, aluzikhukhumezi; aluziphathi ngokungafanele, aluzifuneli okwalo, alucunuki, alunagqubu; aluthokozi ngokungalungile, kepha luthokozela iqiniso; lubekezelela izinto zonke, lukholwa yizinto zonke, luthemba izinto zonke, lukhuthazelela izinto zonke. Uthando alusoze lwaphela.”—1 Korinte 13:4-8.

¹⁷ UJesu futhi wakwenza kwacaca ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukumemezela uMbuso wamazulu—ukubusa kukaNkulunkulu phezu kwesintu esizithobayo.—Mathewu 10:7; Marku 13:10.

Wonke UmKristu Ungumvangeli

18. (a) Yini eyaqokonyiswa eNtshumayelweni kaJesu yaseNtabeni? (b) Yimuphi umthwalo wemfanelo umKristu ngamunye anawo? (c) UJesu wabalungiselela kanjani abafundi bakhe inkonzo yabo, futhi yisiphi isigijimi ababezosishumayela?

¹⁸ ENtshumayelweni yakhe yaseNtabeni, uJesu wagcizelela ezixukwini umthwalo wazo wemfanelo wokukhanyisela abanye ngamazwi azo nezenzo. Wathi: “Nina ningukukhanya kwezwe. Umuzi owakhé entabeni ungesitheke. Nomuntu kasokheli isibani, asibeke phansi kwesitsha, kodwa usifaka othini; khona siyabakhanyisela bonke abasendlini. Kanjalo makukhanye ukukhanya kwenu phambi kwabantu ukuba babone imisebenzi yenu emihle, badumise uYihlo osezulwini.” (Mathewu 5:14-16) UJesu wabaqeqesha abafundi bakhe ukuze bazi ukuthi babezoshumayela futhi bafundise kanjani phakathi nokuhamba kwabo njengezikhonzi ezijikelezayo. Futhi sasiyoba yini isigijimi sabo? Leso noJesu ngokwakhe asishumayela, uMbuso kaNkulunkulu, owawuyobusa umhlaba ngokulunga. Njengoba uJesu achaza ngesinye isikhathi: “Nakweminye imizi ngimelwe ukushumayela ivangeli lombuso kaNkulunkulu, ngokuba ngithunyelwe lokho.” (Luka 4:43; 8:1; 10:1-12) Futhi wathi ingxenye yesibonakaliso esibonisa izinsuku zokugcina kwakuyoba ukuthi “lelivangeli lombuso liyakushunyayelwa ezweni lonke, kube-ngubufakazi ezizweni zonke, andukuba kufike ukuphela.”—Mathewu 24:3-14.

19, 20. (a) Kungani ubuKristu beqiniso bebulokhu buyinkolo eshumayelayo nekhuthele? (b) Imiphi imibuzo eyisisekelo manje edinga izimpendulo?

¹⁹ Ngo-33 C.E., ngaphambi kokuba ekugcineni enyukele ezulwini, uJesu ovusiwe wayaleza abafundi bakhe: “Ngiphiwe amandla onke ezulwini nasemhlabeni; ngalokho hambani nenze izizwe zonke abafundi, nibabhapathize egameni likaYise neleNdodana nelikaMoya oNgcwele, nibafundise ukugcina konke enginiyalé ngakho; bhekani, mina nginani izinsuku zonke kuze kube-sekupheleni kwezwe.” (Mathewu 28:18-20) Lesi esinye isizathu sokuthi kungani ubuKristu, kusukela khona kanye ekusungulweni kwabo, babuyinkolo ekhuthele, eguqula abantu eyavusa intukuthelo nesikhwele sabalandeli bezinkolo ezivelele zamaGreki namaRoma zalolosuku, ezazisekelwe ezinganekwaneni. Ukushushiswa kukaPawulu e-Efesu kwalibonisa ngokucacile lelophuzu.—IzEnzo 19:23-41.

²⁰ Imibuzo manje iwukuthi, Isigijimi soMbuso kaNkulunkulu sathembisani ngokuqondene nabafileyo? Yiliphi ithemba ngabafileyo uKristu alishumayela? Ingabe wayethembisa “imiphefumulo engenakufa” yababekholelwa kuye ukusindiswa “emlilweni wesihogo”? Noma kwakuyisima kanjani?—Mathewu 4:17.

Ithemba Lokuphila Okuphakade

21, 22. (a) UJesu wasifanisa nani isimo sikamufi uLazaru, futhi ngani? (b) Yiliphi ithemba uMarta ayenalo ngomnewabo oshonile?

²¹ Mhlawumbe ukuliqondisisa ngokukhanya bhá ithemba uJesu alishumayela kungatholakala kulokho akusho nakwenza ngesikhathi umngane wakhe uLazaru eshonile. UJesu wakubheka kanjani lokhu kufa? Ebhekise amabombo kubo kaLazaru, uJesu wathi kubafundi bakhe: “ULazaru umhlobo wethu ulele, kepha ngiyahamba ukuba ngimvuse ebuthongweni.” (Johane 11:11) UJesu wafanisa isimo sikaLazaru sokufa nobuthongo. Uma silele ubuthongo obunzima, asazi lutho, okuvumelana nenkulumo yesiHeberu kumShumayeli 9:5: “Ngokuba abaphilayo bayazi ukuthi bayakufa, kepha abafileyo abazi-lutho.”

²² Nakuba uLazaru ayesenezinsuku ezine efile, siphawula ukuthi uJesu akazange asho lutho ngokuba komphefumulo kaLazaru sezulwini, sesihogweni, noma sesihlanzweni! Lapho uJesu efika eBethaniya, futhi udadewabo kaLazaru, uMarta, ephuma ukuba amhlangabeze, uJesu wathi kuye: “Umnewenu uzakuvuka.” Yena waphendula kanjani? Ingabe wathi wayesezulwini kakade? UMarta waphendula: “Ngiyazi ukuthi uyakuvuka ekuvukeni ngosuku lokugcina.” Lokho kubonisa ngokucacile ukuthi ithemba lamaJuda ngalesosikhathi kwakuwuvuko, ukubuyiselwa ekuphileni lapha emhlabeni.—Johane 11:23, 24, 38, 39.

23. Yisiphi isimangaliso uJesu asenza, futhi saba namuphi umphumela kwababebukele?

²³ UJesu waphendula: “Mina ngingukuvuka nokuphila; okholwa yimi, noma efa, wophila. Nalowo ophila, akholwe yimi, kasoze afa naphakade. Uyakholwa yilokho na?” (Johane 11:25, 26) Ukuze afakazele iphuzu lakhe, uJesu waya emhumeni lapho uLazaru ayethunwe khona futhi wambiza waphuma ephila bebhekile odadewabo, uMariya noMarta, nomakhelwane. Ukulandisa kuyaqhubeka: “Khona abaningi kubaJuda ababezile kuMariya bebona abekwenzile, bakholwa nguye . . . Ngakho safakaza isixuku esasinaye, lapho ebiza uLazaru aphume ethuneni, emvusa kwabafileyo.” (Johane 11:45; 12:17) Sasizibonele ngokwaso lesimangaliso, sasikholelwa futhi sabufakazela ubuqiniso baso. Abaphikisi bakaJesu ngokwenkolo kumelwe ukuba nabo basikholelwa lesosenzakalo, ngoba umbhalo ogciniwe usitshela ukuthi abapristi abakhulu nabaFarisi benza uzungu lokubulala uJesu ngoba “lomuntu wenza izibonakaliso eziningi.”—Johane 11:30-53.

24. (a) Wayekuphi uLazaru ngalezinsuku ezine? (b) IBhayibheli lithini ngokungafi?

²⁴ Ubeyephi uLazaru phakathi nezinsuku ezine ayefile ngazo? Wayengayanga ndawo. Wayengazi lutho, elele ethuneni elindele uvuko. UJesu wambusisa ngokumvusa ngokuyisimangaliso kwabafileyo. Kodwa ngokulandisa kukaJohane, uLazaru akashongo lutho ngokuba sezulwini, sesihogweni, noma sesihlanzweni phakathi nalezozinsuku ezine. Ngani? Kalula nje ngenxa yokuthi wayengenawo umphefumlo ongafi owawungaya ezindaweni ezinjalo.d—Jobe 36:14, qhathinisa neNW; Hezekeli 18:4.

25. (a) Lapho iBhayibheli likhuluma ngokuphila okuphakade, lisuke libhekisele kukuphi? (b) Ukuza koMbuso kaNkulunkulu othenjisiwe kuxhomeke kuphi?

²⁵ Ngakho-ke, lapho uJesu ekhuluma ngokuphila okuphakade, wayesuke ebhekisela ekuphileni okunjalo kungaba semazulwini njengombusi okanye naye womoya ongenakufa oguqulwe isimo eMbusweni wakhe, noma wayebhekisela ekuphileni phakade njengomuntu emhlabeni oyipharadesi ngaphansi kobubusi balowoMbuso.e (Luka 23:43; Johane 17:3) Ngokwesithembiso sikaNkulunkulu, ukuhlala kwakhe ngokomfanekiso nesintu esilalelayo emhlabeni kuyoletha izibusiso eziningi emhlabeni. Yebo, konke lokhu kuxhomeke ekutheni ingabe uJesu ngempela wayethunywe futhi wavunyelwa uNkulunkulu.—Luka 22:28-30; Thithu 1:1, 2; IsAmbulo 21:1-4.

Ukuvunyelwa UNkulunkulu—Yinto Engokoqobo, Akuyona Inganekwane

26. Yisiphi isenzakalo esiphawulekayo esenzeka kukhona abafundi, oPetru, uJakobe, noJohane?

²⁶ Sazi kanjani ukuthi uJesu wayevunyelwa uNkulunkulu? Okokuqala, lapho uJesu ebhapathizwa, kwezwakala izwi elivela ezulwini lithi: “Lo uyiNdodana yami ethandekayo engithokozile ngayo [“engiyivumelayo,” NW].” (Mathewu 3:17) Kamuva, ukuqinisekiswa kwalokhu kuvunyelwa kwanikezwa ngaphambi kwabanye ofakazi. Abafundi oPetru, uJakobe, noJohane, bonke ababengabadobi baseGalile, bahamba noJesu baya entabeni ephakeme (ngokunokwenzeka iNtaba iHermoni ephakeme ngamamitha angu-2 814). Lapho kwenzeka okuthile okuphawulekayo ngaphambi kwamehlo abo: “[UJesu] waphenduka esinye isimo phambi kwabo; ubuso bakhe bakhanya njengelanga, izingubo zakhe zaba-mhlophe njengokukhanya. Bheka, kwabonakala kubo uMose noEliya bekhuluma naye. . . . Bheka ifu elikhanyayo labasithibeza; bheka, kwavela izwi efwini, lathi: Lo uyiNdodana yami ethandekayo engithokozile ngayo [“engiyivumelayo,” NW]; yizweni. Kuthé sebezwa lokho abafundi, bawa ngobuso babo, besaba kakhulu.”—Mathewu 17:1-6; Luka 9:28-36.

27. (a) Yimuphi umphumela ukuguqulwa isimo okwaba nawo kubafundi? (b) Sazi kanjani ukuthi uJesu wayengeyona inganekwane?

²⁷ Lokhu kuqinisekiswa okuzwakalayo nokubonakalayo okuvela kuNkulunkulu kwasiza ekuluqiniseni kakhulu ukholo lukaPetru, ngoba kamuva wabhala: “Sasingalandeli izinganekwane zobuqili [ngesiGreki: myʹthois, izindaba ezingamanga], lapho sanazisa amandla nokufika kweNkosi yethu uJesu Kristu, kodwa sasingababonayo amandla obukhosi bakhe. Ngokuba wamukela kuNkulunkulu uYise udumo nenkazimulo, lapho kwafika kuye izwi elinje, livela enkazimulweni yobukhosi, lithi: Lo uyiNdodana yami ethandekayo engithokozile ngayo [“engiyivumelayo,” NW]—lelozwi salizwa thina livela ezulwini, sikanye naye entabeni engcwele.” (2 Petru 1:16-18) Abafundi abangamaJuda oPetru, uJakobe, noJohane basibona ngokoqobo isimangaliso sokuguqulwa kukaJesu isimo futhi bezwa izwi likaNkulunkulu lokumvumela livela emazulwini. Ukholo lwabo lwalusekelwe entweni engokoqobo ababeyibonile futhi bayizwa, hhayi ensumansumaneni noma ‘ezinganekwaneni eziqanjiwe zabaJuda.’ (Bheka ibhokisi, ekhasini 237.)—Mathewu 17:9; Thithu 1:13, 14.f

Ukufa KukaJesu Nesinye Isimangaliso

28. Ngonyaka ka-33 C.E., uJesu wamangalelwa kanjani ngamanga?

²⁸ Ngonyaka ka-33 C.E., uJesu waboshwa futhi waquliswa iziphathimandla zenkolo ezingamaJuda, wamangalelwa ngamanga ngecala lokuhlambalaza ngoba ezibize ngokuthi uyiNdodana kaNkulunkulu. (Mathewu 26:3, 4, 59-67) Njengoba lawomaJuda ayengenalo igunya elingokomthetho lokumbulala, amthumela kubabusi abangamaRoma futhi aphinde ammangalela ngamanga, manje ngokuthi wenqabela ukukhokha intela kuKesari nangokuthi wathi yena uyinkosi.—Marku 12:14-17; Luka 23:1-11; Johane 18:28-31.

29. UJesu wafa kanjani?

²⁹ Ngemva kokuba uJesu eseye wadluliswa kusukela komunye umbusi kuya komunye, umbusi ongumRoma uPontiyu Pilatu, ngokuphikelela kwesixuku esasishukunyisiwe ngokwenkolo, wakhetha ukuzigwazela ibhece futhi wagwebela uJesu ukufa. Ngenxa yalokho, uJesu wafa ngokuhlazisayo esigxotsheni, futhi umzimba wakhe wathunwa. Kodwa phakathi nezinsuku ezintathu kwenzeka isenzakalo esashintsha abafundi bakaJesu ababedangele baba amakholwa ajabulayo nabavangeli abashisekayo.—Johane 19:16-22; Galathiya 3:13.

30. Yiziphi izinyathelo abaholi benkolo abazithatha ukuze bavimbele ubuqili?

³⁰ Abaholi abangokwenkolo, besola ukuthi abalandeli bakaJesu babengase baphendukele ebuqilini, baya kuPilatu nalesicelo: “Nkosi, sikhumbula ukuthi lowomkhohlisi esekhona wathi: Emva kwezinsuku ezintathu ngizakuvuka. Ngakho yala ukuba iliba ligcinwe kuze kube-lusuku lwesithathu ukuba abafundi bakhe bangaze bafike bamebe, bathi kubantu: Uvukile kwabafileyo; kuthi inkohliso yokugcina ibembi kuneyokuqala. UPilatu wathi kubo: Nampa abalindi; hambani niligcine njengokubona kwenu. Base behamba, baligcina iliba, babeka uphawu etsheni bekanye nabalindi.” (Mathewu 27:62-66) Lazibonakalisa liqine kangakanani?

31. Yini eyenzeka lapho abesifazane abathembekile beya ethuneni likaJesu?

³¹ Ngosuku lwesithathu ngemva kokufa kukaJesu, abesifazane abathathu baya ethuneni beyogcoba isidumbu ngamakha. Batholani? “Ekuseni kakhulu ngosuku lokuqala lweviki beza ethuneni ekuphumeni kwelanga. Bakhuluma bodwa, bathi: Ngubani oyakusigingqela itshe, lisuke emnyango wethuna na? Bathi ukubheka, babona ukuthi itshe seligingqiwe; ngokuba lalilikhulu kakhulu. Kuthé bengena ethuneni, babona insizwa ihlezi ngakwesokunene yembethe ingubo ende emhlophe; bethuka. Kepha yathi kubo: Ningethuki; nifuna uJesu waseNazaretha obebethelwe esiphambanweni; uvukile; kakho lapha; bhekani, nansi indawo lapho bebembeké khona. Kodwa hambani nitshele abafundi bakhe kanye noPetru ukuthi uyanandulela ukuya eGalile; nizakumbona lapho, njengalokho eshilo kini.” (Marku 16:1-7; Luka 24:1-12) Naphezu kokulinda okukhethekile kwabaholi benkolo, uJesu wayevusiwe nguYise. Ingabe lokho inganekwane noma iqiniso elingokomlando?

32. Kungenxa yaziphi izizathu eziqinile uPawulu akholelwa ukuthi uJesu wayevusiwe?

³² Cishe eminyakeni engu-22 ngemva kwalesenzakalo, uPawulu, owayekade engumshushisi wamaKristu, wabhala futhi wachaza ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani ukuba akholelwe ukuthi uKristu wayevusiwe: “Ngokuba okokuqala nganinika lokho engakwamukela nami ukuthi uKristu wafa ngenxa yezono zethu njengokwemibhalo, nokuthi wembelwa, nokuthi wavuswa kwabafileyo ngosuku lwesithathu njengokwemibhalo, nokuthi wabonwa nguKhefase; wayesebonwa ngabayishumi nambili; emva kwalokho wabonwa ngasikhathi sinye ngabazalwane abadlula amakhulu ayisihlanu, iningi labo lisekhona nakalokhu, kepha abanye sebelele; emva kwalokho wabonwa nguJakobe; ngasemuva wabonwa ngabaphostoli bonke.” (1 Korinte 15:3-7) Yebo, uPawulu wayenesisekelo seqiniso sokubeka ukuphila kwakhe engozini elwela uJesu ovusiwe, futhi sasihlanganisa nobufakazi bofakazi bokuzibonela abangaba ngu-500 ababebone uJesu ovusiwe nezinqotho zakhe! (Roma 1:1-4) UPawulu wayazi ukuthi uJesu wayevusiwe, futhi wayenesizathu esinamandla ngokwengeziwe sokusho kanjalo, njengoba achaza ngokuqhubekayo: “Ekugcineni kwabo bonke wabonwa nayimina enginjengozelwe kungakabi-yisikhathi.”—1 Korinte 15:8, 9; IzEnzo 9:1-19.

33. Kungani amaKristu okuqala ayezimisele ukuba abafel’ ukholo ngenxa yokholo lwawo?

³³ AmaKristu okuqala ayezimisele ukufa njengabafel’ ukholo ezinkundleni zemidlalo zamaRoma. Ngani? Ngoba ayazi ukuthi ukholo lwawo lwalusekelwe emaqinisweni angokomlando, hhayi ezinganekwaneni. Kwakuyinto engokoqobo ukuthi uJesu wayenguKristu, noma uMesiya, owathenjiswa eziprofethweni nokuthi wayethunyelwe emhlabeni uNkulunkulu, wathola ukuvunyelwa uNkulunkulu, wafa esigxotsheni njengeNdodana kaNkulunkulu egcina ubuqotho, nokuthi wayevusiwe kwabafileyo.—1 Petru 1:3, 4.

34. Ngokukamphostoli uPawulu, kungani uvuko lukaJesu lubaluleke kangaka okholweni lwamaKristu?

³⁴ Situsa ukuba usifunde sonke isahluko 15 sencwadi yokuqala kaPawulu eya kwabaseKorinte ukuze uqonde ukuthi yini uPawulu ayeyikholelwa ngovuko nokuthi kungani lubalulekile okholweni lwamaKristu. Ingqikithi yesigijimi sakhe ivezwa kulamazwi: “Kepha kalokhu uKristu uvusiwe kwabafileyo, engulibo lwabaleleyo. Ngokuba lokhu ukufa kweza ngomuntu [uAdamu], ukuvuka kwabafileyo nakho kweza ngomuntu. Ngokuba njengalokhu kuAdamu bonke bayafa, ngokunjalo futhi kuKristu bonke bayakuphiliswa.”—1 Korinte 15:20-22.

35. Yiziphi izibusiso ezithenjiswa uNkulunkulu ngomhlaba nangesintu? (Isaya 65:17-25)

³⁵ Ngakho uvuko lukaKristu Jesu lunenjongo ekugcineni ezozuzisa sonke isintu.g Futhi lwavula indlela ngoJesu ukuba ekugcineni agcwalise ingxenye esasele yeziprofetho ngoMesiya. Ububusi bakhe bokulunga esemazulwini angabonakali bumelwe ngokushesha benabele emhlabeni ohlanziwe. Khona-ke kuyoba nalokho iBhayibheli elikuchaza ngokuthi “izulu elisha nomhlaba omusha” lapho uNkulunkulu “azesule izinyembezi zonke emehlweni abo; ukufa akusayikuba-khona; nokudabuka, nokukhala, nobuhlungu akusayikuba-khona; ngokuba okokuqala kudlulile.”—IsAmbulo 21:1-4.

Ukuhlubuka Nokushushiswa Kwakulindelwe

36. Yini eyenzeka ngePentekoste lika-33 C.E., futhi kwaba namuphi umphumela?

³⁶ Ngokushesha ngemva kokufa nokuvuswa kukaJesu, kwenzeka esinye isimangaliso esanikeza amandla nomfutho ekushumayeleni kwalawomaKristu okuqala. Ngosuku lwePentekoste lonyaka ka-33 C.E., uNkulunkulu wathululela umoya wakhe ongcwele, noma amandla ayisiphekupheku, uvela ezulwini phezu kwamaKristu angaba ngu-120 ayehlangene ndawonye eJerusalema. Waba yini umphumela? “Kwase kubonakala kubo izilimi ezahlukeneyo kungathi ezomlilo; zahlala phezu kwalowo nalowo kubo. Base begcwala bonke uMoya oNgcwele, baqala ukukhuluma ngezinye izilimi, njengalokho uMoya wabapha ukuphumisela.” (IzEnzo 2:3, 4) AmaJuda ayekhuluma izilimi zezinye izizwe ayeseJerusalema ngalesosikhathi amangala ngokuzwa labo okwakuthiwa amaJuda aseGalile angazi lutho bekhuluma ngezilimi zezinye izizwe. Umphumela waba ukuthi abaningi bakholwa. Isigijimi sobuKristu sabhebhetheka njengomlilo wequbula njengoba lamakholwa amasha angamaJuda ebuyela emazweni akubo.—IzEnzo 2:5-21.

37. Ababusi abathile abangamaRoma basabela kanjani enkolweni entsha yobuKristu?

³⁷ Kodwa amafu esiphepho aqoqana ngokushesha. AmaRoma aqala ukuyesaba lenkolo entsha neyayibonakala ingakholelwa kuNkulunkulu eyayingenazo izithombe ezikhulekelwayo. Kuqala ngoMbusi uNero, aletha ushushiso olwesabekayo phezu kwalamaKristu emakhulwini amathathu okuqala eminyaka eSikhathi sethu Esivamile.h AmaKristu amaningi alahlelwa ukuba afe ezinkundleni ezinkulu zemidlalo, ukuze kwaneliswe iqungo lonya lababusi nezixuku ezazibuthanela ukubona iziboshwa ziphonselwa ezilwaneni zasendle.

38. Yisiphi isimo esaprofethwa esasiyophazamisa ibandla lamaKristu okuqala?

³⁸ Esinye isici esiphazamisayo ngalezozinsuku zokuqala sasingokuthile abaphostoli ababeprofethile ngakho. Ngokwesibonelo, uPetru wathi: “Kepha kwavela nabaprofethi bamanga phakathi kwesizwe, njengokuba nakinina kuzakuba-khona abafundisi bamanga abazakungenisa ngasese izifundiso zamanga ezibhubhisayo, bephika noMbusi owabathengayo, bezilethela ukubhujiswa okusheshayo.” (2 Petru 2:1-3) Ukuhlubuka! Lokho kwakuwukuphambuka ekukhulekeleni kweqiniso, ukuhlehlela emikhubeni engokwenkolo eyayikhona yezwe lamaRoma, elaligcwele ifilosofi nokucabanga kwamaGreki. Kwenzeka kanjani? Isahluko sethu esilandelayo sizowuphendula lowombuzo neminye ehlobene nawo.—IzEnzo 20:30; 2 Thimothewu 2:16-18; 2 Thesalonika 2:3.

[Imibhalo yaphansi]

[Ibhokisi/Isithombe esisekhasini 237]

Ingabe UJesu Wayeyinganekwane?

“Ingabe indaba yokuphila komsunguli wobuKristu iwumkhiqizo wosizi lomuntu, ukucabanga, nethemba—inganekwane efana nezinsumansumane zoKrishna, uOsiris, uAttis, uAdonis, uDionysus, noMithras?” kubuza isazi-mlando uWill Durant. Uphendula ngokuthi ekhulwini lokuqala leminyaka, ukuphika ukuthi uKristu wayeke waba khona “kubonakala kungakaze kwenzeke ngisho nakowezizwe onenzondo kakhulu noma abaphikisi abangamaJuda bobuKristu obabusanda kuzalwa.”—The Story of Civilization: Part III—Caesar and Christ.

Isazi-mlando esingumRoma uSuetonius (owaphila cishe ngo-69-140 C.E.), encwadini yakhe yomlando ethi The Twelve Caesars, washo lokhu mayelana nombusi uClaudius: “Ngenxa yokuthi amaJuda eRoma adala izinxushunxushu ezingapheli ngokugqugquzelwa uChrestus [uKristu], wawaxosha emzini.” Lokhu kwenzeka cishe ngonyaka ka-52 C.E. (Qhathanisa nezEnzo 18:1, 2.) Phawula ukuthi uSuetonius akabonisi kungabaza ngokuba khona kukaKristu. Phezu kwalesisekelo seqiniso futhi naphezu kokushushiswa okwakufaka ukuphila engozini, amaKristu okuqala ayekhuthele kakhulu ekumemezeleni ukholo lwawo. Cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthi ayeyofaka ukuphila kwawo engozini ngesisekelo senganekwane. Ukufa nokuvuka kukaJesu kwakwenzeke esikhathini sokuphila kwawo, futhi amanye awo ayebe ngofakazi bokuzibonela balezozenzakalo.

Isazi-mlando uDurant sifinyelela kulesiphetho: “Ukuthi abantu abambalwa abangelutho esizukulwaneni esisodwa kungenzeka baye baqamba ubuntu obunamandla nobukhanga kangaka, izindinganiso eziphakeme kangaka kanye nombono wobuzalwane babantu obuvusa amadlingozi kangaka, kungaba isimangaliso esingenakukholeka kakhulu kunanoma yiziphi ezinye ezilotshwe emaVangelini.”

[Isithombe]

UJesu washumayela futhi wenza izimangaliso kulesifunda saseGalile lasePalestina lasendulo

[Ibhokisi/Isithombe esisekhasini 241]

Obani Abaloba IBhayibheli?

IBhayibheli lamaKristu liqukethe izincwadi ezingu-39 zemiBhalo YesiHeberu (bheka ibhokisi, ekhasini 220), ezibizwa ngabaningi ngokuthi iTestamente Elidala, nezincwadi ezingu-27 zemiBhalo YamaKristu YesiGreki, ngokuvamile ezibizwa ngokuthi iTestamente Elisha.i Ngakho, iBhayibheli liwumtapo omncane wezincwadi ezingu-66 ezalotshwa amadoda angu-40 phakathi nenkathi yeminyaka engu-1 600 yomlando (ukusukela ngo-1513 B.C.E. kuya ku-98 C.E.).

ImiBhalo YesiGreki ihlanganisa amaVangeli amane, noma ukulandisa ngokuphila kukaJesu nezindaba ezinhle azishumayela. Amabili alawa alotshwa abalandeli bakaKristu abaseduze, uMathewu, umthelisi, noJohane, umdobi. Amanye amabili alotshwa amakholwa okuqala uMarku noLuka, udokotela. (Kolose 4:14) AmaVangeli alandelwa izEnzo Zabaphostoli, ukulandisa ngomsebenzi wezithunywa zevangeli wamaKristu okuqala okulotshwe uLuka. Ngokulandelayo izincwadi ezingu-14 ezivela kumphostoli uPawulu ziya kumaKristu ngamanye ahlukahlukene namabandla, ezilandelwa izincwadi zikaJakobe, uPetru, uJohane, noJuda. Incwadi yokugcina isAmbulo, eyalotshwa uJohane.

Ukuthi abantu abaningi kangaka bezizinda ezihlukahlukene nababephila ezikhathini nasezimpucukweni ezihlukene bangakwazi ukubhala incwadi evumelana kangako kuwubufakazi obuqinile bokuthi iBhayibheli aliwona nje umkhiqizo wokuhlakanipha komuntu kodwa liphefumulelwe nguNkulunkulu. IBhayibheli ngokwalo lithi: “Yonke imibhalo iphefumlelwe nguNkulunkulu [ngokwezwi nezwi, “ifakwe umoya kaNkulunkulu”] ilungele ukufundisa.” Ngakho, imiBhalo yalotshwa ngaphansi kwethonya lomoya kaNkulunkulu ongcwele, noma amandla ayisiphekupheku.—2 Thimothewu 3:16, 17, Int.

[Isithombe]

Lombhalo wamaRoma ongaphelele osebenzisa igama likaPontiyu Pilatu ngesiLatin (umugqa wesibili, “IVS PILATVS”) uqinisekisa ukuthi wayengumuntu onethonya ePalestina, njengoba iBhayibheli lisho

[Umbhalo waphansi]

[Ibhokisi ekhasini 245]

UMesiya Eziprofethweni ZeBhayibheli

Isiprofetho Isenzakalo Ukugcwaliseka

Mika 5:2 Wazalelwa eBetlehema Luka 2:4-11; Joh. 7:42

Isaya 61:1, 2 Wayethunyiwe Luka 4:18-21

Isaya 53:4 Wathwala izifo zethu Math. 8:16, 17

[Ibhokisi/Isithombe esisekhasini 258, 259]

UJesu Negama LikaNkulunkulu

Lapho efundisa abafundi bakhe indlela yokuthandaza, uJesu wathi: “Ngakho-ke anokhuleka kanje, nithi: Baba wethu osezulwini, malingcweliswe igama lakho; mawufike umbuso wakho; mayenziwe intando yakho emhlabeni njengasezulwini.”—Mathewu 6:9, 10.

UJesu wayekwazi ukubaluleka okukhulu kwegama likaYise, futhi wakugcizelela. Ngakho, ezitheni zakhe ezingokwenkolo, wathi: “Ngizé egameni likaBaba, aningamukeli; uma kuza omunye ngelakhe igama, niyakumamukela yena. . . . Nganitshela, kodwa anikholwanga; imisebenzi engiyenzayo egameni likaBaba yiyona efakaza ngami.”—Johane 5:43; 10:25; Marku 12:29, 30.

UJesu wathi ngomthandazo kuYise: “Baba, khazimulisa igama lakho. Kwase kufika izwi livela ezulwini, lithi: Ngilikhazimulisile, ngobuye ngilikhazimulise.”

Ngesinye isikhathi, uJesu wathandaza: “Ngibonakalisile igama lakho kubantu ongiphé bona kwabasezweni; babengabakho, wangipha bona; baligcinile izwi lakho. Ngibazisile igama lakho, ngizakubazisa lona ukuba uthando ongithandé ngalo lube-kubo, nami ngibe-kubo.”—Johane 12:28; 17:6, 26.

NjengomJuda, uJesu kumelwe ukuba wayejwayelene negama likaYise, elithi Jehova, noma Yahweh, ngoba wayewazi umbhalo othi: “Ningofakazi bami, usho uJehova, nenceku yami engiyikhethileyo ukuba nazi, ningethembe, niqonde ukuthi nginguye; ngaphambi kwami akwenziwanga uNkulunkulu, nangasemva kwami akayikuba-khona. . . . yebo, ningofakazi bami, usho uJehova, mina nginguNkulunkulu.”—Isaya 43:10, 12.

Ngakho-ke, amaJuda njengesizwe ayekhethiwe ukuba abe ofakazi bakaJehova. NjengomJuda, uJesu naye wayengufakazi kaJehova.—IsAmbulo 3:14.

Kubonakala sengathi ngasekhulwini lokuqala leminyaka, amaJuda amaningi ayengasaliphimiseli igama likaNkulunkulu elembuliwe. Nokho, kunemiBhalo yesandla efakazela ukuthi amaKristu okuqala ayesebenzisa inguqulo yesiGreki iSeptuagint yemiBhalo YesiHeberu kumelwe ukuba ayibona iTetragrammaton yesiHeberu isetshenzisiwe embhalweni wesiGreki. Njengoba uGeorge Howard, uprofesa wenkolo nesiHeberu asho: “Lapho iSeptuagint eyayisetshenziswa futhi icashunwa ibandla leTestamente Elisha yayiqukethe khona isimo sesiHeberu segama laphezulu, ngokungangabazeki abalobi beTestamente Elisha bayifaka iTetragrammaton ezingcaphunweni zabo. Kodwa lapho isimo sesiHeberu segama laphezulu [kamuva] sikhishwa ukuze kufakwe amagama esiGreki esikhundleni saso kuyiSeptuagint, sakhishwa nasezingcaphunweni zeTestamente Elisha zeSeptuagint.”

Ngakho-ke, uProfesa Howard unikeza isizathu sokuthi amaKristu ekhulu lokuqala leminyaka kumelwe ukuba ayiqonda ngokucacile imibhalo enjengoMathewu 22:44, lapho uJesu acaphuna khona imiBhalo yesiHeberu ezitheni zakhe. UHoward uthi, “Ibandla lekhulu lokuqala leminyaka ngokunokwenzeka lawufunda kanje, ‘UYHWH wathi eNkosini yami’” esikhundleni senguqulo yakamuva ethi, “‘INkosi yathi eNkosini yami,’ . . . enomqondo okabili njengoba nje inganembile.”—IHubo 110:1.

Ukuthi uJesu walisebenzisa igama laphezulu kufakazelwa ukumangalela kwamaJuda emakhulwini eminyaka ngemva kokufa kwakhe ngokuthi uma enza izimangaliso, “kwakungenxa kuphela yokuthi wayeye wazenza umphathi wegama likaNkulunkulu ‘eliyimfihlakalo.’”—The Book of Jewish Knowledge.

Ngokuqinisekile uJesu wayelazi igama likaNkulunkulu eliyingqayizivele. Naphezu kwesiko lamaJuda langalesosikhathi, uJesu ngokuqinisekile wayeyolisebenzisa lelogama. Akazange avumele amasiko abantu ukuba abuse umthetho kaNkulunkulu.—Marku 7:9-13; Johane 1:1-3, 18; Kolose 1:15, 16.

[Isithombe]

Ucezu lwepapyrus (lwekhulu lokuqala leminyaka B.C.E.) olubonisa igama likaNkulunkulu ngesiHeberu embhalweni weSeptuagint yesiGreki

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UJesu wasebenzisa imifanekiso eminingi ekufundiseni kwakhe—phakathi kweminye kwaba ukuhlwanyela imbewu, ukuvuna, ukudoba, ukuthola iparele, imihlambi exubile, nesivini (Mathewu 13:3-47; 25:32)

[Isithombe ekhasini 243]

Ngamandla kaNkulunkulu, uJesu wenza izimangaliso eziningi, kuhlanganise nokuthulisa isiphepho

[Isithombe ekhasini 246]

ITetragrammaton, noma ongwaqa abane YHWH (Jehovah)

[Isithombe ekhasini 251]

Ukulandisa kokuvuselwa kukaLazaru ekuphileni akukhulumi lutho noma ngisho kusikisele ukuthi wayenomphefumulo ongafi

[Isithombe ekhasini 253]

UPetru, uJakobe, noJohane babazi ukuthi ukuvunyelwa kukaJesu uNkulunkulu kwakungeyona inganekwane—babekuzwile futhi bakubona ekuguqukeni kwesimo