Incwadi YeBhayibheli Ye-17—UEsteri
Umlobi: UMoridekayi
Yalotshelwa: EShushani, e-Elamu
Ukuloba Kwaphela: Cishe ngo-475 B.C.E.
Isikhathi Esihlanganisiwe: 493–cishe ku-475 B.C.E.
1. Iyiphi indaba elandiswa encwadini kaEsteri?
KALULA nje, lena indaba ka-Ahashiveroshi, inkosi yasePheresiya, abanye abacabanga ukuthi unguXerxes I, omkakhe ongalaleli uVashiti uthathelwa isikhundla umJudakazi onguEsteri, umzala kaMoridekayi. UHamani ongumAgagi ubopha uzungu lokubulala uMoridekayi kanye nawo wonke amaJuda, kodwa uphanyekwa esigxotsheni azenzele sona, kuyilapho uMoridekayi ephakanyiswa ukuba abe umongameli futhi amaJuda ayakhululwa.
2. (a) Kungani abanye beye bakungabaza ukuphefumlelwa kwencwadi kaEsteri? (b) Igama likaNkulunkulu libonakala lisetshenziswa ngayiphi indlela encwadini kaEsteri?
2 Yebo, kukhona abathanda ukuthi incwadi kaEsteri ayiphefumlelwe futhi ayinanzuzo kodwa imane nje iyinganekwane emnandi. Basekela lokho abakushoyo ekutheni alikho igama likaNkulunkulu kuyo. Nakuba kuyiqiniso ukuthi uNkulunkulu akukhulunywa ngaye ngokuqondile, embhalweni wesiHeberu kunezindawo ezine ezihlukene ezinezinhlamvu zeTetragrammaton eziwusizo lokukhumbula, izinhlamvu zokuqala zamagama amane alandelanayo, abhalwe ngokugcwele uYHWH (ngesiHeberu, יהוה), noma uJehova. Lezinhlamvu zokuqala zenziwe zavelela kakhulu okungenani emibhalweni yesandla emithathu yasendulo yesiHeberu futhi ziphawulwe ngezinhlamvu ezibomvu embhalweni othiwa iMasora. Futhi, kuEsteri 7:5 ngokusobala kunezinhlamvu eziwusizo lokukhumbula emazwini kaNkulunkulu athi “uNgikhona.”—Bheka imibhalo yaphansi yeNW kuEsteri 1:20; 5:4, 13; 7:7, kanye no-7:5.
3. Yiziphi izenzakalo ezibonisa ukholo emthandazweni nakuNkulunkulu, futhi yiziphi izenzakalo ezibonisa ukuqondisa kukaNkulunkulu izindaba?
3 Kuwo wonke umbhalo ogciniwe kusobala kakhulu ukuthi uMoridekayi wawamukela futhi wawulalela umthetho kaJehova. Wenqaba ukukhothama ukuze adumise umuntu ngokunokwenzeka owayengumAmaleki; uNkulunkulu wayewaphawulele ukubhujiswa ama-Amaleki. (Est. 3:1, 5; Dut. 25:19; 1 Sam. 15:3) Amazwi kaMoridekayi kuEsteri 4:14 abonisa ukuthi wayelindele ukukhululwa okuvela kuJehova nokuthi wayenokholo esiqondisweni saphezulu kuyo yonke indlela izenzakalo ezazizokwenzeka ngayo. Ukuzila kukaEsteri ukudla, kanye nesenzo esifanayo esenziwa amanye amaJuda, izinsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kokuba angene enkosini sibonisa ukuthembela kuNkulunkulu. (Est. 4:16) Ukuqondisa kukaNkulunkulu izenzakalo kuyabonakala futhi ekutholeni kukaEsteri umusa emehlweni kaHegayi, umgcini wabesifazane, nasekuqwasheni kwenkosi ngobusuku eyacela ngabo imibhalo egciniwe engokomthetho futhi yathola ukuthi uMoridekayi wayengazange anikezwe udumo ngesenzo sakhe esihle sangesikhathi esidlule. (Est. 2:8, 9; 6:1-3; qhathanisa nezAga 21:1.) Ngokungangabazeki kunokubhekisela emthandazweni emazwini athi, “ngendaba yokuzila ukudla nokukhala kwabo.”—Est. 9:31.
4. Incwadi kaEsteri iqinisekiswa kanjani njengethembekile neyiqiniso?
4 Amaqiniso amaningi afakazela lombhalo njengothembekile noyiqiniso. Wamukelwa abantu abangamaJuda, abamane babiza lencwadi ngokuthi iMeghil·lahʹ, okusho ukuthi “umqingo; umqulu.” Kubonakala sengathi yayihlanganiswe ezincwadini zesiHeberu zikaEzra, ngokuqinisekile owayeyokuyenqaba insumansumane. Kuze kube namuhla, amaJuda asawugcina umkhosi wePhurimi, noma weNkatho, ekugujweni komkhosi wokukhululwa okukhulu ngesikhathi sikaEsteri. Lencwadi iveza imikhuba kanye namasiko abantu basePheresiya ngendlela ephilayo nevumelana namaqiniso aziwayo omlando nawezinto ezavubukulwa. Ngokwesibonelo, incwadi kaEsteri ichaza ngokunembile indlela abantu basePheresiya ababenikeza ngayo umuntu udumo. (6:8) Imivubukulo embiwe iye yembula ukuthi izincazelo zesigodlo senkosi njengoba zinikezwe encwadini kaEsteri zishaya emhloleni ngisho nasemniningwaneni omncane kunayo yonke.a—5:1, 2.
5. Yikuphi ukunemba okunikeza ukulandisa kukaEsteri uphawu lokuthembeka, futhi ulimi luvumelana nayiphi inkathi?
5 Lokhu kushaya emhloleni kuyaphawuleka futhi nasekulandiseni ngokwakho, ekushoni ngokucophelela amagama ezinduna nabalindi, inikeza ngisho namagama amadodana ayishumi kaHamani. Uhlu lozalo lukaMoridekayi noEsteri lulandelelwa kuze kufike kuKhishi wesizwe sakwaBenjamini. (2:5-7) Kubhekiselwa emibhalweni egciniwe engokomthetho kahulumeni wasePheresiya. (2:23; 6:1; 10:2) Ulimi olusetshenziswe kulencwadi isiHeberu samuva, esinamagama amaningi esiPheresiya nesiAramaic futhi kwanezelwa nezisho, okuyindlela efana neyeziKronike, uEzra, kanye noNehemiya, ngaleyondlela ivumelana ngokugcwele nenkathi eyabhalwa ngayo.
6. (a) Iyiphi inkathi yesikhathi eboniswayo ngencwadi kaEsteri? (b) Ubufakazi busikiselani ngokuphathelene nomlobi, kanye nendawo nesikhathi sokuloba?
6 Kucatshangwa ukuthi izenzakalo ezisencwadini kaEsteri zenzeka ezinsukwini lapho umbuso onamandla wamaPheresiya wawudlondlobele nokuthi zihlanganisa iminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-18 yokubusa kuka-Ahashiveroshi (Xerxes I). Inkathi yesikhathi, efinyelela cishe ku-475 B.C.E., iboniswa ubufakazi obuvela emithonjeni yaseGrisi, ePheresiya, naseBabiloni.b UMoridekayi, ongufakazi wokuzibonela kanye nomuntu obalulekile kulokhu kulandisa, ngokunokwenzeka kakhulu uyena owayengumlobi walencwadi; ukulandisa okunemininingwane kubonisa ukuthi umlobi kungenzeka waphila phakathi nalezizenzakalo esigodlweni saseShushani.c Nakuba kungakhulunywa ngaye kunoma iyiphi enye incwadi yeBhayibheli, akungabazeki ukuthi uMoridekayi wayengumuntu ongokoqobo womlando. Ngokuthakazelisayo, kuye kwatholwa umbhalo wecuneiform ongabonisiwe usuku owalotshwa ngalo ochazwa uA. Ungnad waseJalimane njengobhekisela kuMardukâ (Moridekayi?) njengesikhulu esiphakeme esigodlweni saseSusa (eShushani) phakathi nokubusa kukaXerxes I.d Kwakulapho eShushani lapho uMoridekayi ngokungangabazeki aqedela khona umbhalo ogciniwe wezenzakalo zikaEsteri ngokushesha ngemva kokuba zenzekile, okungukuthi, cishe ngo-475 B.C.E.
OKUQUKETHWE INCWADI KAESTERI
7. Isiphi isimo esiphakama edilini lika-Ahashiveroshi, futhi yisiphi isinyathelo inkosi esithathayo ngenxa yalokho?
7 Indlovukazi uVashiti iyehliswa esikhundleni (1:1-22). Unyaka wesithathu wokubusa kuka-Ahashiveroshi. Wenzela izikhulu zombuso wakhe idili elikhulu, ezibonisa ingcebo nodumo lombuso wakhe izinsuku ezingu-180. Ngokulandelayo, kunedili elikhulu elithatha izinsuku eziyisikhombisa labo bonke abantu baseShushani. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, indlovukazi uVashiti yenzela abesifazane idili. Inkosi iziqhayisa ngengcebo nangodumo lwayo, futhi ngokwenamiswa yiwayini, ibiza uVashiti ukuba eze azobonisa ubuhle bakhe kubantu nasezikhulwini. Indlovukazi uVashiti ilokhu yenqaba. Ngokweseluleko sezinduna, ezibonisa ukuthi lesibonelo esibi singabangela ukuba inkosi ingahlonishwa kuwo wonke umbuso, uAhashiveroshi ususa uVashiti ukuba angabe esaba yindlovukazi futhi ibhala izincwadi ezazisa bonke abesifazane ukuba “bayakuwahlonipha amadoda abo” nokuthi indoda ‘ibuse endlini yayo.’—1:20, 22.
8. (a) Yiziphi izenzakalo eziholela ekubeni kukaEsteri indlovukazi? (b) Yiluphi uzungu olwembulwa uMoridekayi, futhi yimuphi umbhalo ogcinwayo ngenxa yalokho?
8 UEsteri uba yindlovukazi (2:1-23). Kamuva, inkosi imisa ababonisi ukuba bafune izintombi ezinhle kuzo zonke izifunda ezingu-127 zombuso wayo futhi bazilethe eShushani, lapho zizolungiselelwa khona ukuvela enkosini ngezimonyo zobuhle. Phakathi kwezintombi ezikhethwayo kunoEsteri. UEsteri uyintandane engumJuda, “yayiyinhle, yayibukeka,” yakhuliswa umzala wayo uMoridekayi, isikhulu saseShushani. (2:7) Igama likaEsteri lesiJuda, uHadasa, lisho ukuthi “Myrtle” (uhlobo lwesihlahla esingabuni esiqhakaza izimbali). UHegayi, umgcini wabesifazane, uyamthanda uEsteri futhi umnikeza ukunakekela okukhethekile. Akekho owaziyo ukuthi ungumJudakazi, ngoba uMoridekayi umyalile ukuba lokhu akugcine kuyimfihlo. Izintombi zilethwa enkosini ngokudedelana. Ikhetha uEsteri njengendlovukazi yayo entsha, futhi kwenziwa idili lokugubha ukuthweswa kwakhe umqhele. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, uMoridekayi uzwa ngozungu lokubulala inkosi, futhi utshela uEsteri ukuba azise inkosi “egameni likaMoridekayi.” (2:22) Lelisu elicetshiwe liyembuleka, ababophi bozungu bayaphanyekwa, futhi lokhu kugcinwa emibhalweni egciniwe yomlando wasebukhosini.
9. UMoridekayi umthukuthelisa kanjani uHamani, futhi yisiphi isinqumo senkosi uHamani asitholayo ngokumelene namaJuda?
9 Uzungu lukaHamani (3:1–5:14). Cishe kudlula iminyaka emine. UHamani, ngokusobala ongumzukulu wenkosi engumAmaleki uAgagi eyabulawa uSamuweli, uba undunankulu. (1 Sam. 15:33) Inkosi iyamphakamisa futhi iyala zonke izinceku zayo ezisesangweni lenkosi ukuba zikhothame phambi kukaHamani. Lezi zihlanganisa noMoridekayi. Nokho, uMoridekayi uyenqaba ukwenza kanjalo, enza kwaziwe ezincekwini zenkosi ukuthi ungumJuda. (Qhathanisa noEksodusi 17:14, 16.) Intukuthelo kaHamani yavutha futhi lapho ethola ukuthi uMoridekayi ungumJuda, uthola ithuba elihle lokumqothula ngokuphelele uMoridekayi nawo wonke amaJuda. Kwenziwa inkatho (iphure) yokuthola usuku oluhle lokuqothula amaJuda. Esebenzisa ukuthandwa kwakhe inkosi, uHamani umangalela amaJuda ngokungabi namthetho futhi ucela ukuba ukubhujiswa kwawo kulotshwe phansi encwadini. UHamani uthi uzonikela ngamathalenta esiliva angu-10 000 (okulingana cishe nama-R171 756 000) ekukhokheleni lokhu kubulala. Inkosi iyavuma, futhi iziyalezo ezibhaliwe, ezinanyatheliswe ngendandatho yenkosi, zithunyelwa kuwo wonke umbuso, kumiswa umhla we-13 ku-Adari njengosuku lokuqothulwa kwesizwe samaJuda.
10. UMoridekayi noEsteri baqhubeka kanjani benokholo emandleni kaJehova?
10 Lapho ewuzwa lomthetho, uMoridekayi kanye nawo wonke amaJuda bayalila begqoke izindwangu zamasaka nomlotha. Kukhona “nokuzila ukudla nokukhala ngezinyembezi, nokulila.” (Est. 4:3) Lapho etshelwa uMoridekayi ngokuhlupheka kwamaJuda, uEsteri uqala uba madolo-nzima ukungenela. Isijeziso sokuvela phambi kwenkosi ungamenyiwe singukufa. Nokho, uMoridekayi ubonisa ukholo lwakhe emandleni kaJehova ngokuthi uma uEsteri ehluleka ukubasiza, naye vele uzokufa kodwa ukukhululwa “kuyakuvela kwenye indawo.” Ngaphezu kwalokho, akunakwenzeka yini ukuthi uEsteri uye waba yindlovukazi “ngenxa yesikhathi esinjengalesi”? (4:14) Eyibona lempikiswano ehilelekile, uyavuma ukuba afake ukuphila kwakhe engozini, futhi wonke amaJuda aseShushani azila ukudla kanye naye izinsuku ezintathu.
11. UEsteri ukusebenzisa kanjani ukuthandwa kwakhe yinkosi, kodwa yini ehlongozwa uHamani ngokumelene noMoridekayi?
11 Khona-ke, egqoke ingubo yakhe yasebukhosini, uEsteri uvela phambi kwenkosi. Uthola umusa emehlweni ayo, futhi yelulela intonga yegolide esesandleni sayo, isindisa ukuphila kwakhe. Manje umemela inkosi noHamani edilini. Phakathi nedili, inkosi iyamnxusa ukuba asho isicelo sakhe, imqinisekisa ukuthi uzonikezwa, “kuze kube-nengxenye yombuso,” kulokho uyabamema bobabili kwelinye idili ngosuku olulandelayo. (5:6) UHamani uhamba ejabulile. Kodwa laphaya esangweni lenkosi kunoMoridekayi! Uyenqaba futhi ukunikeza uHamani udumo noma ukuthuthumela phambi kwakhe. Injabulo kaHamani iphenduka intukuthelo. Umkakhe nabangane bakhe basikisela ukuba enze isigxobo esiphakeme ngezingalo ezingu-50 (amamitha angu-22,3) bese ethola imvume enkosini yokuphanyeka uMoridekayi kuso. Ngokushesha uHamani wenza ukuba kwenziwe isigxobo.
12. Yikuphi ukushintsha kwezenzakalo okuphumela ekudunyisweni kukaMoridekayi uAhashiveroshi, okwehlisa uHamani?
12 Itshe ligaya ngomunye umhlathi (6:1–7:10). Ngalobobusuku inkosi iyaqwasha. Ifuna ukuba incwadi yemibhalo egciniwe ilethwe futhi iyifundelwe, futhi ithola ukuthi ayizange imklomelise uMoridekayi ngokusindisa ukuphila kwayo. Kamuva, inkosi ibuza ukuthi ubani osegcekeni. Kukhona uHamani, ozele ukuzocela imvume yenkosi yokubulala uMoridekayi. Inkosi ibuza uHamani ukuthi umuntu ojabulisa inkosi angalunikezwa kanjani udumo. Ecabanga ukuthi inkosi icabanga ngaye, uHamani unikeza uhlelo lokudumisa lomkhosi owubukhazikhazi. Kodwa inkosi iyamyala: “Wenze njalo kuMoridekayi umJuda”! (6:10) Akukho ukwenza ngokunye kuHamani kodwa ukuba embese uMoridekayi isambatho sobukhosi, amgibelise ehhashini lenkosi, bese emhola esigcawini somuzi, ememeza phambi kwakhe. Ethotshisiwe, uHamani uphuthuma ekhaya ekhala. Umkakhe nabangane bakhe ayikho induduzo abamnikeza yona. UHamani wahlulelwe!
13. Yini uEsteri ayembula edilini, okuholela kukuphi ukulahlwa ngoHamani?
13 Manje sekuyisikhathi sokuba uHamani aye emcimbini nenkosi kanye noEsteri. Indlovukazi ithi yona nabantu bakubo bathengisiwe, ukuba babhujiswe. Ubani oye walokotha wenza lobububi? UEsteri uthi: “Ngumuntu omelene nathi, oyisitha, uHamani ló omubi.” (7:6) Inkosi iyasukuma ngentukuthelo futhi iphumela ngaphandle ensimini. Esele nendlovukazi kuphela, uHamani uncengela ukuphila kwakhe, futhi lapho inkosi ibuya, ithukuthela ngokwengeziwe lapho ibona uHamani esembhedeni wendlovukazi. Ingapholisi maseko iyala ukuba uHamani aphakanyekwe kuso kanye isigxobo uHamani abesilungiselele uMoridekayi!—IHu. 7:16.
14. Inkosi imklomelisa kanjani uEsteri noMoridekayi, futhi iwubonisa kanjani umusa kumaJuda ngesimemezelo esibhalwe phansi?
14 UMoridekayi ukhushulelwa esikhundleni, amaJuda ayakhululwa (8:1–10:3). Inkosi inika uEsteri konke okukaHamani. UEsteri wazisa uAhashiveroshi ngobuhlobo bakhe noMoridekayi, lowo inkosi emkhuphulela esikhundleni ebesingesikaHamani, imnikeza nendandatho yasebukhosini. UEsteri uyaphinda ufaka ukuphila kwakhe engozini ngokuya phambi kwenkosi ukuba ayocela ukwesulwa kwesimemezelo esibhalwe phansi sokuba kubulawe amaJuda. Nokho, ‘imithetho yamaPheresiya namaMede’ ayinakusulwa! (1:19) Khona-ke inkosi inikeza uEsteri noMoridekayi igunya lokubhala umthetho omusha futhi bawunamathelise ngendandatho yenkosi. Lomthetho obhaliwe, uthunyelwa kulo lonke izwe ngendlela efanayo neyokuqala, unikeza amaJuda ilungelo ‘lokubuthana, amele ukuphila kwawo, achithe, abulale, abhubhise onke amabutho abantu nawesifunda abahlaselayo, izingane nabesifazane, impahla yabo ibe-yimpango,’ ngalolosuku umthetho kaHamani owawuzosebenza ngalo.—8:11.
15. (a) Uba yini umphumela wempi, futhi yimuphi umkhosi omiswa uMoridekayi? (b) UMoridekayi uphakanyiselwa kusiphi isikhundla, futhi igunya lakhe ulisebenzisela yiphi injongo?
15 Lapho usuku olumisiwe, umhla we-13 ku-Adari, lufika, akekho noyedwa okwazi ukuma phambi kwamaJuda. Ngokwesicelo sikaEsteri enkosini, ukulwa kuyaqhubeka nangosuku lwe-14 eShushani. Sezizonke, izitha zamaJuda ezibulawayo kuwo wonke umbuso zingu-75 000. Ezinye ezingu-810 zibulawa enqabeni eseShushani. Phakathi kwazo kunamadodana ayishumi kaHamani, abulawa ngosuku lokuqala futhi aphanyekwa ezigxotsheni ngosuku lwesibili. Akukho mpango ethathwayo. Ngolwe-15 ku-Adari, kuyaphunyulwa, amaJuda enza idili, futhi ayajabula. Manje uMoridekayi ukhipha iziyalezo ezilotshwe phansi zokuba amaJuda agcine lomkhosi “iPhure [e]liyinkatho” minyaka yonke ngolwe-14 nolwe-15 luka-Adari, futhi lokho asakwenza kuze kube-namuhla. (9:24) UMoridekayi uyaphakanyiswa embusweni futhi usebenzisa isikhundla sakhe njengoba silandela eseNkosi uAhashiveroshi “efuna okuhle kwesizwe sakubo, ekhuluma ukuthula kuyo yonke inzalo yabo.”—10:3.
ISIZATHU SOKUBA IBE NENZUZO
16. AmaKristu athola ziphi izimiso zaphezulu nesibonelo okufanele kulandelwe encwadini kaEsteri?
16 Nakuba kungekho omunye umlobi weBhayibheli ocaphuna ngokuqondile kuEsteri, lencwadi ivumelana ngokuphelele nayo yonke imiBhalo ephefumlelwe. Empeleni, inikeza ukusetshenziswa okuhle kwezimiso zeBhayibheli ezishiwo kamuva EmiBhalweni YamaKristu YesiGreki futhi lokho kuyasebenza kubakhulekeli bakaJehova abakuyo yonke iminyaka yobudala. Ukufundwa kwamavesi alandelayo ngeke nje kuphela kukubonise lokhu ukuthi kunjalo kodwa kuyoba okwakhayo okholweni lwamaKristu: Esteri 4:5—Filipi 2:4; Esteri 9:22—Galathiya 2:10. Ukumangalelwa kwamaJuda, kokuthi awazange alalele imithetho yenkosi, kuyafana nokumangalelwa okwaphakanyiswa ngokumelene namaKristu okuqala. (Est. 3:8, 9; IzE. 16:21; 25:7) Izinceku zikaJehova zeqiniso zibhekana nalokho kumangalelwa ngokungesabi nangokuthembela ngomthandazo emandleni aphezulu okukhulula, zilandela isibonelo esivelele sikaMoridekayi, uEsteri, kanye namaJuda akanye nabo.—Est. 4:16; 5:1, 2; 7:3-6; 8:3-6; 9:1, 2.
17. UMoridekayi noEsteri basibeka kanjani isibonelo senkambo efanele ekuzithobeni kuNkulunkulu ‘nasemandleni ombuso’?
17 NjengamaKristu, akumelwe sicabange ukuthi isimo sethu sihlukile kuleso sikaMoridekayi noEsteri. Nathi siphila ngaphansi “kwamandla ombuso” ezweni esingabafokazi kulo. Kuyisifiso sethu ukuba izakhamuzi ezilalela umthetho kunoma yiliphi izwe esihlala kulo, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, sifuna ukuhlukanisa kahle phakathi ‘kokunika uKesari okukaKesari noNkulunkulu okukaNkulunkulu.’ (Roma 13:1; Luka 20:25) UNdunankulu uMoridekayi neNdlovukazi uEsteri basibekela izibonelo ezinhle zokuzinikela nokulalela emisebenzini yabo. (Est. 2:21-23; 6:2, 3, 10; 8:1, 2; 10:2) Nokho, uMoridekayi ngokungesabi wenqaba ukulalela umyalo wenkosi wokukhothama phambi komAgagi onyanyekayo, uHamani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, waqikelela ukuthi kwamangalwa ukuze kutholwe ukungenela komthetho ekuphindiseleni lapho uHamani ebopha uzungu lokubhubhisa amaJuda.—3:1-4; 5:9; 4:6-8.
18. (a) Yini efakazela ukuthi incwadi kaEsteri ‘iphefumlelwe uNkulunkulu futhi inenzuzo’? (b) Ikukhuthaza kanjani ukuvikela izithakazelo zoMbuso kaNkulunkulu?
18 Bonke lobufakazi bukhomba incwadi kaEsteri njengeyingxenye yeBhayibheli Elingcwele, ‘eliphefumlelwe uNkulunkulu nelinenzuzo.’ Ngisho nakuba ingamphathi ngokuqondile uNkulunkulu noma igama lakhe, isinikeza izibonelo zendinganiso ephakeme yokholo. UMoridekayi noEsteri babengebona nje abantu abasungulwe umcabango womlandi wezindaba, kodwa babeyizinceku zikaJehova uNkulunkulu ezingokoqobo, abantu abathembela ngokuphelele emandleni kaJehova okusindisa. Nakuba babephila ngaphansi “kwamandla ombuso” kwelinye izwe, basebenzisa zonke izindlela ezingokomthetho ukuze bavikele izithakazelo zabantu bakaNkulunkulu kanye nokukhulekela kwabo. Nathi namuhla singalandela izibonelo zabo ‘ekuvikeleni nasekumiseni ngokomthetho izindaba ezinhle’ zoMbuso kaNkulunkulu wokukhulula.—Fil. 1:7, NW.
[Imibhalo yaphansi]
a Insight on the Scriptures, Umq. 1, amakhasi 764; Umq. 2, amakhasi 327-31.
b Insight on the Scriptures, Umq. 2, amakhasi 613-16.
c ICyclopedia kaMcClintock noStrong, enyatheliswe kabusha ngo-1981, Umq. III, ikhasi 310.
d A. Ungnad, “Keilinschriftliche Beiträge zum Buch Esra und Ester,” Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft, LVIII (1940-41), amakhasi 240-4.