Dzɔgbesee loo alo Ðeko Wòdzɔ le Eɖokui Si?

NYADZƆDZƆGBALẼ si nye International Herald Tribune gblɔ be: “Dzɔgbese ɖe ame geɖewo ƒe agbe ɖa gake kpɔ ame bubuwo tɔ ta.” Le ƒe si va yi me la, ŋɔdzidonamelawo dze Amerikatɔwo ƒe dutamedɔdɔ ƒe dɔwɔƒe si le Kenya kple Tanzania dzi hewu ame siwo de 200 kloe eye ame alafa geɖewo xɔ abi. Gake nyadzɔdzɔgbalẽ la gblɔ be “ɣeyiɣi dzi wɔwɔ va zu ametakpɔnu na dutamedɔdɔ dɔwɔƒea ƒe tatɔwo.”

Wotsi agbe elabena le ɣeyiɣi si me tututu bɔmb la wó la, wonɔ kpekpe aɖe wɔm le dɔwɔƒea ƒe akpa bubu si te ɖa tso afisi bɔmb la wó le. Gake dɔwɔƒea ƒe amegã si dea kpekpea ɣesiaɣi gake mede esia o la te ɖe afisi bɔmb la wó le eye wòku.

Nyadzɔdzɔgbalẽa gblɔ be: “Dzɔgbese wɔ nu ɖe Arlene Kirk hã ŋu ŋutasesẽtɔe.” Esi Arlene trɔ tso mɔkeke gbɔna Kenya la, elɔ̃ faa ɖe asi le eƒe nɔƒe ŋu le esi amesiwo ɖoe be yewoaɖo yameʋua sɔ gbɔ akpa ta. Gake mɔzɔla bubuwo ɖe asi le woƒe zikpuiwo ŋu do ŋgɔ nɛ eye esia na wòte ŋu kpɔ nɔƒe le yameʋua me. Esia wɔe be wòte ŋu yi dɔ me le dutamedɔdɔ dɔwɔƒea le ŋkeke si dzi bɔmb la wó eye wòwui.

Afɔku menye nu yeye na amegbetɔwo o. Gake afɔkuwo me menya ɖena bɔbɔe gbeɖe o. Zi geɖe ne afɔkuwo kple dzɔgbevɔ̃ewo dzɔ le xexeame ƒe afisiafi la, ame aɖewo kuna eye bubuwo tsia agbe. Gake menye le afɔkudzɔɣiwo koe ame aɖewo bua nya sia ŋu le o, be, ‘Nukatae wònye dzinyee wòadzɔ ɖo?’ Ne míaƒo nu le nudzedziname le agbeme gome gɔ̃ hã ŋu la, edze abe nu dzea edzi na ame aɖewo bɔbɔe wu bubuwo ene. Esi agbenɔnɔ nye dagbadagba gbesiagbe na ame geɖe ta la, edze abe ɖe nuwo dzea edzi nyuie na ame bubuwo ya ɣesiaɣi ene. Ðe wòanye be woɖo nusiawo ɖi xoxoa? Eyata ɖewohĩ àbia be: ‘Ðe dzɔgbese kpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe nye agbe dzia?’

Ŋuɖoɖoawo Didi

Anɔ ƒe 3,000 enye si va yi la, fia nyanu aɖe lé ŋku ɖe nuɖiɖeame siwo dzɔ le afisi wònɔ ŋu. Egblɔ nya siwo gbɔna tso nudzɔdzɔ siawo ŋu be: “Azãgbe kple nuɖiɖeame li na wo katã.” (Nyagblɔla 9:​11) Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, menye nusi míele mɔ kpɔm na ye dzɔna o. Ame aɖeke mate ŋu anyae do ŋgɔ gbeɖe o. Nudzɔdzɔ ɖedzesiwo, nyuiawo kple vɔ̃awo, te ŋu dzɔna le ɣeyiɣi ɖesiaɖe me.

Gake ɖewohĩ àwɔ ɖeka kple amesiwo mexɔe se be enye nusi dzɔna le eɖokui si o ke boŋ be nu bubu​—si nye dzɔgbese​—gbɔe wòtso. Dzɔgbese alo nuɖoɖiname dzixɔse nye amegbetɔwo ƒe subɔsubɔdzixɔse xoxotɔ siwo bɔ wu la dometɔ ɖeka.a Nufialagã François Jouan si nye dɔnunɔla le Paris Yunivɛsiti ƒe Xotutumekuƒe gblɔ be: “Dzidzime alo dukɔ aɖeke menɔ anyi kpɔ si mexɔe se be dzɔgbesewo ƒe mawu aɖe . . . li si tsɔ ɖe le nusiwo katã gɔme míete ŋu ɖena le míaƒe agbeme o la me.” Esia tae míesenɛ amewo gblɔna zi geɖe be: “Eƒe ɣeyiɣi mede be wòaku o” alo, “Nenemae woɖoe be wòadzɔ.” Gake nukae nye dzɔgbese?

Dzɔgbese Gɔmeɖeɖe

Woɖe Eŋlisigbe me nya si gɔme woɖe be “dzɔgbese” tso Latin-gbe me nya fatum si gɔmee nye “nya si wogblɔ ɖi, afakanya, kple Mawu ƒe tameɖoɖo” me. Togbɔ be wobunɛ ɣeaɖewoɣi be ŋusẽ ɖiɖeame aɖe ye ɖoa etsɔme nudzɔdzɔwo ɖi le mɔ si womate ŋu aƒo asa na alo ase egɔme o nu hã la, zi geɖe wobua ŋusẽ sia be enye mawu aɖe.

Helmer Ringgren si nye mawusubɔsubɔ me ŋutinyaŋlɔla gblɔ be: “Nu vevitɔ siwo le mawusubɔsubɔ me dometɔ ɖeka enye dzixɔse si nye be amegbetɔ ƒe dzɔgbese mevana le eɖokui si ko o ke boŋ enɔ te ɖe ŋusẽ aɖe si dzi míaƒe didiwo alo tameɖoɖowo nɔ te ɖo la dzi.” Togbɔ be wosusui zi geɖe be woate ŋu atrɔe vaseɖe afi aɖe hã la, ame geɖewo bua amegbetɔwo be ŋusẽ boo aɖeke mele wo si le hoʋiʋli si wu woƒe ŋutete me o. Eyata wokpea ‘akɔ kple woƒe dzɔgbese.’

Mawunyaŋununyalawo kple xexemenunyalawo dze agbagba ɣeyiɣi didi aɖe be yewoaɖe nusi dzɔgbese nye gɔme. The Encyclopedia of Religion gblɔ be: “Dzɔgbese ƒe susua dzena nya ɣaɣla ɣesiaɣi eɖanye vovototo kawoe anɔ eme, mɔ ka nue woagblɔe le, alo gɔmesese ka nue wogblɔe ɖo o.” Gake nu ɖeka si dze le susu siawo siwo tɔtɔa ame mee nye dzixɔse si nye be ŋusẽ triakɔ aɖee le ŋusẽ kpɔm ɖe amegbetɔwo ƒe nuwɔnawo dzi hele mɔ fiam wo. Wosusui be ŋusẽ siae fiaa alesi nuwo ava yi na amewo kple dukɔwo do ŋgɔ, si wɔnɛ be womete ŋu xea mɔ ɖe nusi adzɔ le etsɔme nu o abe alesi womate ŋu atrɔ nusi dzɔ va yi o ene.

Nusi Dzi Woanɔ Te Ðo Atso Nya Me

Ðe vovototo aɖe le eme ne èxɔ dzɔgbese dzi se loo alo mèxɔ edzi se oa? Bertrand Russell si nye Englandtɔ xexemenunyala ŋlɔ be: “Nɔnɔme siwo me amewo kpɔa wo ɖokui le wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le nusi dzi woxɔ se me, gake nusi dzi woxɔ se fiaa nɔnɔme si me woanɔ zi geɖe.”

Nyateƒee, dzɔgbese dzixɔse​—ne enye nu ŋutɔŋutɔ si li loo alo meli o​—ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe alesi míenɔa agbee dzi. Esi ame geɖe xɔe se be enye mawuawo ƒe lɔlɔ̃nu ta la, wotsɔ woƒe nɔnɔmea nenema​—eɖanye aleke ke wowɔa nu madzɔmadzɔ ɖe wo ŋu alo tea wo ɖe anyii o​—be enye nusi woxɔ tso seƒe va agbe me si ŋu womate ŋu awɔ naneke le o. Eyata dzɔgbese dzixɔxɔse gblẽa ame ŋutɔ ƒe agbanɔamedzi tsɔtsɔ me.

Gake dzɔgbese dzixɔse na ame bubuwo ya wɔ nu le mɔ si to vovo nu. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ŋutinyaŋlɔlawo gblɔ be nu geɖe gbɔe ɖoɖo si me dɔwɔƒewo nye ame ɖekaɖekawo tɔ le kple mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔwɔ ƒe tɔtrɔ kpata tso. Wo dometɔ ɖekae nye nuɖoɖiname dzixɔse. Protestant-subɔsubɔha aɖewo fia nu be Mawu ɖo ame aɖewo ɖi na agbexɔxɔ. Germanytɔ hadomegbenɔnɔŋutinunyala Max Weber gblɔ be: “Nyabiase si nye, ɖe Menye ame tiatiawo dometɔ ɖekaa? ava susu me na xɔsetɔ siawo dometɔ ɖesiaɖe kokoko.” Ame aɖewo dina be yewoanya ne Mawu ƒe yayra le yewo dzi si fia be woɖoe ɖi be yewoakpɔ agbe hã. Weber gblɔ be wowɔ esia to woƒe “xexemenuwɔnawo dzi.” Wobu dzidzedzekpɔkpɔ le dɔwɔwɔ me kple kɔlili kesinɔnuwo ɖi be enye Mawu ƒe ŋudzedzekpɔɖeameŋu ƒe dzesi.

Dzɔgbese dzixɔxɔse na ame aɖewo wɔa nusi gbɔ eme. Le xexemeʋa evelia me la, Japantɔ ameɖokuitsrɔ̃yameʋukulawo xɔ “mawu ƒe ahom” dzi se. Nukpɔsusu si nye be tameɖoɖo le mawuawo si eye be amegbetɔwo ate ŋu awɔ akpa aɖe le wo me na wotsɔ ku sia si nye ŋɔdzi la ku ɖe mawusubɔsubɔ ŋu. Le ƒe ewo siwo va yi me la, bɔmbdala ameɖokuiwula siwo le Titina Ɣedzeƒe ƒe ŋkɔ dzena le nyadzɔdzɔgbalẽwo me edziedzi le woƒe amedzidzedze dziŋɔwo ta. Numekugbalẽ aɖe gblɔ be dzɔgbese dzixɔse wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le “mawusubɔsubɔ me amedzidzedze ameɖokuiwuwutɔe” siawo me.

Gake nukatae dzɔgbese dzixɔse bɔ alea gbegbe ɖo? Ŋkuléle ɖe afisi wòdzɔ tso ŋu kpuie akpe ɖe mía ŋu be míakpɔ ŋuɖoɖoa.

[Etenuŋɔŋlɔ]