‘Mikpɔ Nyuie le Farisitɔwo Kple Zadukitɔwo ƒe Amɔwɔ Ʋaʋã la Ŋuti’

ESI Yesu Kristo gblɔ nya mawo anɔ abe ƒe alafa 19 enye sia la, mawusubɔsubɔ ƒe nufiafia kple nuwɔna siwo gblẽa nu le ame ŋu la ŋue wònɔ nu xlɔ̃m eƒe nusrɔ̃lawo le. (Mateo 16:6, 12) Nuŋlɔɖi si le Marko 8:15 gblɔ nya la tẽ be: “Milé be na mia ɖokui le farisitɔwo ƒe amɔwɔ ʋaʋã kple Herodes ƒe amɔwɔ ʋaʋã la ŋuti.” Nukata woyɔ Herodes ŋkɔ? Elabena Zadukitɔwo dometɔ aɖewo nye Herodia-ha si nye dunyahehabɔbɔ aɖe me tɔwo.

Nukata nuxɔxlɔ̃ tɔxɛ sia hiã ɖo? Ðe Farisitɔwo kple Zadukitɔwo metsi tre ɖe Yesu ŋu vevie oa? (Mateo 16:21; Yohanes 11:45-50) Ẽ, wotsi tre ɖe eŋu. Ke hã la, wo dometɔ aɖewo ava xɔ Kristotɔnyenye mlɔeba eye woadze agbagba be yewoazi yewoƒe nukpɔsusuwo ɖe Kristo-hamea dzi.—Dɔwɔwɔwo 15:5.

Afɔku nɔ anyi hã be nusrɔ̃lawo ŋutɔ asrɔ̃ subɔsubɔhakplɔla ma siwo ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi te wonyi wo le la ƒe nuwɔnawo. Esesẽ na wo ɣeaɖewoɣi be woase Yesu ƒe nufiafiawo gɔme le subɔsubɔha siwo me wonyi wo le ta.

Nukae na afɔku nɔ Farisitɔ kple Zadukitɔ nyenye me nenema gbegbe? Ŋkuléle ɖe alesi subɔsubɔhawo nɔ le Yesu ƒe ŋkekea me ŋu ana míase egɔme.

Mawusubɔsubɔ me Ðekamawɔmawɔ

Ŋutinyaŋlɔla Max Radin ŋlɔ le Yudatɔ siwo nɔ anyi le ƒe alafa gbãtɔ M.Ŋ. me ŋu be: “Yudatɔwo ƒe hamewo medo ka kple wo nɔewo kura o, eye wote tɔ ɖe edzi gɔ̃ hã. . . . Zi geɖe la, ne wole gbe tem ɖe bubudede gbedoxɔa kple du kɔkɔea ŋu dzi vevie la, wodoa vlo amesiwo nɔa wo dedua dzi ɖum le ɣeyiɣi ma me la vevie.”

Gbɔgbɔmenɔnɔme wɔnublanui aɖe ŋutɔe wònye vavã! Nukae nye nusiwo gbɔ wòtso la dometɔ aɖewo? Menye Yudatɔwo katãe nɔ Palestina o. Helatɔ siwo dome nunɔlawo menyea dumemegãwo le o ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi na womegava dea bubu Yehowa ƒe nunɔlanyenye ƒe ɖoɖo la ŋuti o. (Mose II, 28:29; 40:12-15) Eye agbalẽnyala siwo nye sɔlemeviwo kple agbalẽfialawo hã kpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe wo dzi.

Farisitɔwo

Anɔ eme be ŋkɔ Farisitɔwo, alo Peru·shimʹ, fia “amesiwo mã tso ame bubuwo gbɔ.” Farisitɔwo bu wo ɖokui Mose yomedzelawoe. Woɖo woa ŋutɔwo ƒe habɔbɔ, alo ƒuƒoƒo (Hebrigbe, chavu·rahʹ). Hafi woaxɔ ame ɖe woƒe ƒuƒoƒoa me la, ele be wòaka atam le ƒuƒoƒoa me tɔ etɔ̃ ŋkume be yeawɔ ɖe Lewitɔwo ƒe dzadzɛnyenyeɖoɖowo dzi pɛpɛpɛ, yeatsri hadede kplikplikpli kple ʽam-ha·ʼaʹrets (ameha manyagbalẽwo), eye yeaxe nuwo ƒe ewolia pɛpɛpɛ. Marko 2:16 ƒo nu tso “farisitɔwo dome agbalẽfialawo” ŋu. Ƒuƒoƒo sia me tɔ aɖewo nye agbalẽfialawo kple nufialawo, eye ame bubuwo hã nye hamevi dzrowo.—Mateo 23:1-7.

Farisitɔwo xɔe se be Mawu le afisiafi ɣeawokatãɣi. Wogblɔ be esi “Mawu le afisiafi ta la, woate ŋu asubɔ Eyama le Gbedoxɔa me kple le egodo siaa, eye menye vɔsawo ko dzie woato ayɔe o. Eyata wowɔ ƒuƒoƒea wòzu tadeaguƒe, nusrɔ̃ƒe, kple gbedoɖaƒe, eye wodo kɔkɔe wòva zu teƒe vevitɔ kekeake si sɔ kple Gbetakpɔxɔ la le amewo ƒe agbe me.”—Encyclopaedia Judaica.

Farisitɔwo mekpɔ ŋudzedze ɖe Yehowa ƒe gbedoxɔa ŋu o. Esia dze le Yesu ƒe nya siawo me be: “Baba na mi mɔfiala ŋkuagbãtɔ, siwo gblɔna bena: Amesi ke atà mawuƒe la, eya menye naneke o; ke amesi ke atà mawuƒe me sika la, eyae nyi fe. Movitɔwo kple ŋkuagbãtɔwo, kae lolo wu, sika loo alo mawuƒe, si na sika la ŋuti kɔna, mahã? Eye amesi ke atà vɔsamlekpui la, eya menye naneke o, ke amesi ke atà nunana, si le edzi la, eyae nyi fe. Ŋkuagbãtɔwo, kae lolo wu, nunana loo alo vɔsamlekpui, si na nunana la ŋuti kɔna, mahã? Eyaŋuti amesi ke atà vɔsamlekpui la, eya tà eya kple nusianu, si le edzi.”—Mateo 23:16-20.

Aleke wɔ Farisitɔwo ƒe tamesusu tro nenema gbegbe? Nuka dzie wonɔ aɖaba ŋem ƒui? De dzesi nya si Yesu gagblɔ ɖe eyome. “Eye amesi ke atà mawuƒe la, eya tà eya kple amesi nɔa eme.” (Mateo 23:21) Agbalẽnyalagã E. P. Sanders gblɔ le kpukpui sia ŋu be: “Gbedoxɔa nɔ kɔkɔe menye le esi wodea ta agu na Mawu kɔkɔe la le afima ta ɖeɖeko o, ke le esi wònɔ afima hã tae.” (Judaism: Practice and Belief, 63 BCE—66 CE) Gake Yehowa ƒe anyinɔnɔ tɔxɛ la maɖi naneke na amesiwo bu be ele afisiafi la o.

Farisitɔwo xɔ nuɖoɖiname kple tiatiawɔblɔɖe siaa hã dzi se. Ne míagblɔe bubui la, “woɖo nusianu ɖi, gake wona tiatiawɔblɔɖe ame.” Gake woxɔe se be ɖe woɖoe ɖi be Adam kple Xawa nawɔ nuvɔ̃ eye be ne ame aɖe si asi vie gɔ̃ hã nye nuɖoɖi.

Aʋatsonukpɔsusu siawo anya nɔ susu me na Yesu esime wòƒo nu tso xɔ kɔkɔ aɖe si mu eye ame 18 tsi eme la ŋu. Ebia be: “Ðe miesusu bena [amesiwo tsi eme la] nye fenyilawo wu amesiwo katã nɔ Yerusalem mahã?” (Luka 13:4) Abe alesi wòle le afɔkuwo ƒe akpa gãtɔ me la, “azãgbe kple nuɖiɖeame” gbɔe esia tso, ke menye dzɔgbese abe alesi Farisitɔwo bui ene o. (Nyagblɔla 9:11) Aleke amesiawo siwo gblɔ be yewonya nu la awɔ Ŋɔŋlɔawo me sededewo ŋudɔe?

Wonye Mawusubɔsubɔ me Ðoɖotrɔlawo

Farisitɔwo gblɔ be ele be dzidzime ɖesiaɖe ƒe rabiwo naɖe Ŋɔŋlɔawo me sededewo me ɖe nukpɔsusu yeye siwo li nu. Eyata Encyclopaedia Judaica gblɔ be “mesesẽ na wo kura be woatrɔ Torah ƒe nufiafiawo wòasɔ ɖe woƒe nukpɔsusu yeyewo nu, alo be woatsɔ woƒe nukpɔsusuwo aku ɖe Torah me nyawo alo nusi wofia ŋu o.”

Le ƒe sia ƒe ƒe Avuléŋkekea gome la, wotrɔ nunɔla gãwo ƒe avuléle ɖe nuvɔ̃wo ta ƒe ŋusẽa da ɖe ŋkekea ŋutɔ dzi. (Mose III, 16:30, 33) Le Ŋutitotoŋkekenyuia ɖuɖu me la, wotea gbe ɖe woƒe Ʋuʋu ŋuti nyawo gbɔgblɔ dzi le wein kple abolo maʋãmaʋã ɖuɣi wu ŋutitotolẽvi la.

Le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe la, Farisitɔwo va kpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe gbedoxɔa dzi wu. Emegbe wowɔ ɖoɖo be woadu tsi tso Siloam-ta la me le Agbadɔŋkekenyuia ɖugbe ƒe zã me, woaƒo tsi ma ɖe anyi le ŋdi me, woaƒo amutiwo le vɔsamlekpuia dzi le azã la ƒe nuwuwu, eye woado gbe ɖa edziedzi gbesiagbe siwo menɔ te ɖe Sea dzi o.

The Jewish Encyclpedia gblɔ be: “Nusi ɖe dzesi wue nye alesi Farisitɔwo trɔ Sabat-se lae.” Wobia tso srɔ̃nyɔnu si be wòasi akaɖiwo atsɔ ado dzaa na Sabat-ŋkeke lae. Ne edze abe wɔnaa aɖe ana amewo nawɔ dɔ si mele se nu o la, Farisitɔwo ɖoa asi edzi. Woyi ŋgɔ ale gbegbe be wokpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe atikewɔwɔ na ame dzi eye Yesu ƒe dɔdada nukutɔe le Sabat dzi ve dɔme na wo. (Mateo 12:9-14; Yohanes 5:1-16) Gake mawusubɔsubɔ me ɖoɖotrɔla siawo medzudzɔ se yeyewo dede be yewoatsɔ akpɔ Ŋɔŋlɔawo me sewo ta alo atsɔ atɔ kpɔ ɖe wo ŋu o.

Sewo Ðeɖeɖa

Farisitɔwo gblɔ be yewokpɔ mɔ aɖo asi Ŋɔŋlɔawo me sewo dzi alo aɖe wo ɖa. Woƒe susua dze le Talmud la ƒe gɔmeɖose aɖe me be: “Enyo be woaɖe se ɖeka ɖa wu be woaŋlɔ Torah bliboa be.” Esia ƒe kpɔɖeŋue nye alesi wodzudzɔ Ƒe Blaatɔ̃ Zã Ðuɖu le esi wogblɔ be le vɔvɔ̃ be yewoƒe nuwo atsi eme ta la, ame aɖeke mado nugbana na ame dahe ne ɣeyiɣia tu aƒe o.—Mose III, ta 25.

Kpɔɖeŋu bubuwoe nye nyɔnu si wobu ahasiwɔlae ƒe ʋɔnudɔdrɔ̃ ɖeɖeɖa kple ame kuku si womenya amesi wui o ŋuti avuléle si me wote fli ɖo. (Mose IV, 5:11-31; Mose V, 21:1-9) Le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe la, Farisitɔwo ɖe Ŋɔŋlɔawo me nudidi be ɖeviwo nakpɔ wo dzila siwo hiã tu dzi la hã ɖa.—Mose II, 20:12; Mateo 15:3-6.

Yesu xlɔ̃ nu be: “Mikpɔ mia ɖokui dzi nyuie le farisitɔwo ƒe amɔwɔ ʋaʋã, si nye alakpadada la, ŋuti.” (Luka 12:1) Alakpa koe Farisitɔnyenye kple eƒe nuwɔna siwo mesɔ ɖe teokrasiɖoɖo nu o la nye—nusi mele be wòanɔ Kristo-hamea me kura o. Gake Yudatɔwo ƒe agbalẽwo ƒo nu nyuie tso Farisitɔwo ŋu wu Zadukitɔwo. Fifia mina míalé ŋku ɖe ƒuƒoƒo sia si léa kɔnuwo me ɖe asi wu la ŋu kpɔ.

Zadukitɔwo

Zadok si nye nunɔlagã le Salomo ƒe ŋkekeawo me ƒe ŋkɔ mee woanya ɖe ŋkɔ Zadukitɔwo tsoe. (Fiawo I, 2:35, Reference Bible ƒe etenuŋɔŋlɔ) Zadukitɔwo nye ƒuƒoƒo aɖe si lé gbedoxɔa kple nunɔlanyenye ƒe nyawo me ɖe asi. Zadukitɔwo tu woƒe gomenɔamesi ɖe dzidzimexexlẽ kple nɔƒe dzi si to vovo na Farisitɔ siwo gblɔ be agbalẽnyanya kple veviedodo mee yewoƒe ŋusẽ tso. Wotsi tre ɖe Farisitɔwo ƒe ɖoɖowo tɔtrɔ ŋu vaseɖe esime wotsrɔ̃ gbedoxɔa le ƒe 70 M.Ŋ. me.

Tsɔ kpe ɖe dzɔgbese si Zadukitɔwo gbe ŋu la, womexɔa nufiafia ɖesiɖe si metso Biblia ƒe Agbalẽ Atɔ̃ Gbãtɔawo me la o, ne Mawu ƒe Nya la ƒe akpa bubue gblɔe gɔ̃ hã. Le nyateƒe me la, “wobui be esɔ be woahe glãka” le nya siawo ŋu. (The Jewish Encyclopedia) Esia na míeɖo ŋku esime woʋli nya kple Yesu le tsitretsitsia ŋu la dzi.

Zadukitɔwo zã ahosi si ɖe srɔ̃ zi adre la ƒe kpɔɖeŋu tsɔ bia be: “Le tsitretsitsi la me ɖee, wo ame adre la dometɔ ka srɔ̃ wòazu mahã?” Le nyateƒe me la, ahosi si ŋu woƒo nu tsoe la srɔ̃wo ate ŋu anye 14 alo 21 hã faa. Yesu gblɔ be: “Le tsitretsitsi la me la womeɖea srɔ̃ o, eye womenana woɖea wo hã o.”—Mateo 22:23-30.

Esi Yesu nya be Zadukitɔwo gbe nuŋlɔla siwo gbɔgbɔ ʋã negbe Mose ko la, eyɔ nya tso Biblia ƒe Agbalẽ Atɔ̃ Gbãtɔawo me tsɔ ɖo kpe Eƒe nya dzi. Egblɔ be: “Le ame kukuwo gome, bena woatsi tre la, ɖe miexlẽ le Mose ƒe agbalẽ la me, alesi Mawu ƒo nu nɛ le ŋuve la me bena: ‘Nyee nye Abraham ƒe Mawu kple Isak ƒe Mawu kpakple Yakob ƒe Mawu’ la o mahã? Mawu menye ame kukuwo ƒe Mawu wònye o; ke boŋ ame gbagbewo tɔe.”—Marko 12:26, 27.

Yesu Kple Eyomedzelawo Yometilawo

Zadukitɔwo lɔ̃a nuwɔwɔ kple dukɔ bubuwo to dunyahehe me wu be woalala Mesia la—ne ɖe woxɔe se gɔ̃ hã be ava enye ma. Wo wɔ nubabla kple Roma henɔ gbedoxɔa zãm eye womedi be Mesia aɖeke nava tɔtɔ nuwo me na yewo o. Esi wobu Yesu be enye afɔku na yewoƒe nɔƒe ta la, wowɔ ɖeka kple Farisitɔwo heɖo nu gbe ɖe eŋu.—Mateo 26:59-66; Yohanes 11:45-50.

Esi Zadukitɔwo lɔ̃a dunyahehe ta la, esɔ be woƒo nu tsɔ de Roma dzi hedo ɣli be: “Fia aɖeke mele mía si o, negbe kaisaro ko.” (Yohanes 19:6, 12-15) Le Yesu ƒe ku kple tsitretsitsi megbe la, Zadukitɔwoe xɔ ŋgɔ be yewoatɔ te Kristotɔnyenye ƒe kaka. (Dɔwɔwɔwo 4:1-23; 5:17-42; 9:14) Le gbedoxɔa tsɔtsrɔ̃ le ƒe 70 M.Ŋ. megbe la, ƒuƒoƒo sia megava nɔ anyi o.

Ŋudzɔnɔnɔ Hiã

Aleke Yesu ƒe nuxlɔ̃amea sɔe nye si! Ẽ, ele be ‘míanɔ ŋudzɔ ɖe Farisitɔwo kple Zadukitɔwo ƒe amɔwɔ ʋaʋã la ŋuti.’ Míate ŋu akpɔ woƒe kutsetse gbegblẽwo egbea le Yuda-subɔsubɔ kple Kristodukɔa siaa me.

Gake vovototo gã aɖe le woa kple Kristotɔ hamemegã siwo dze, siwo ‘kpɔa wo ɖokui kple woƒe nufiafia dzi nyuie’ le Yehowa Ðasefowo ƒe hame siwo wu 75,500 me le xexeame katã la dome. (Timoteo I, 4:16) Woxɔ Biblia bliboa be etso Mawu ƒe gbɔgbɔ me. (Timoteo II, 3:16) Le esi teƒe be woanye ɖoɖotrɔlawo anɔ woa ŋutɔwo ƒe mawusubɔsubɔ me sewo dom ɖe ŋgɔ la, wowɔa dɔ ɖekae le habɔbɔ si ƒe nuwɔnawo nɔ te ɖe Biblia dzi si zãa magazine sia abe eƒe nufiamɔnu vevitɔ ene la ƒe mɔfiafia te boŋ.—Mateo 24:45-47.

Nukae do tso eme? Ame miliɔn geɖe siwo le xexeame katã ƒe agbenɔnɔ va nyo wu le esi wova se Biblia gɔme, wowɔa eŋudɔ le woƒe agbenɔnɔ me, eye wofiaa ame bubuwo ta. Nukata màyi Yehowa Ðasefowo ƒe hame si te ɖe ŋuwò wu me alo nàŋlɔ agbalẽ na magazine sia talawo akpɔ alesi wole esia wɔmee o?

[Aɖaka si le axa 26]

YESU BU EƑE NYASELAWO ŊU

YESU KRISTO bu nusi eƒe nyaselawo susu ŋu hefia nu wo eme kɔ. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ewɔ nenema esime wòƒo nu na Farisitɔ Nikodemo le ‘gbugbɔgadzi’ ƒe nya la ŋu. Nikodemo bia be: “Aleke lawɔ woadzi amesi ku amegã mahã? Ðe wòate ŋu ayi ɖe dadaa ƒe dɔme zi evelia, be woagadzia?” (Yohanes 3:1-5) Nukata Nikodemo tɔtɔ nenema gbegbe esi Farisitɔwo xɔe se be ele be woagbugbɔ amesiwo trɔ zu Yudatɔwo adzi, eye rabiwo tsɔ dzimetrɔla la sɔ kple “vidzĩ kokoe”?

A Commentary on the New Testament From the Talmud and Hebraica si John Lightfoot ŋlɔ la gblɔ numeɖeɖe si gbɔna: “Yudatɔwo katã ƒe nukpɔsusu ku ɖe nusiwo wodi tso Israel-vi si la . . . kpɔtɔ nɔ Farisitɔ sia” si mete ŋu “ɖe eƒe tsã nazãbubu ɖa o la ƒe susu me . . . : ‘Esi gome le Israel-viwo . . . si be woaxɔ wo ɖe Mesia ƒe fiaɖuƒea me ta la, ɖe nèle gbɔgblɔm be ehiã be amesiame nayi ɖe dadaa ƒe dɔme zi evelia, bene wòava zu Israel-vi yeyea?’”—Tsɔe sɔ kple Mateo 3:9.

Togbɔ be Nikodemo nya be ele be woagbugbɔ amesiwo trɔ zu Yudatɔwo adzi hã la, ebu be esia manya wɔ na Yudatɔ ŋutɔŋutɔ o—be wòagbugbɔ ayi vidzidɔ me le kpɔɖeŋumɔnu.

Ɣebubuɣi esi Yesu ƒo nu tso ‘eƒe ŋutilã ɖuɖu kple eƒe ʋu nono’ ŋu la, menyo ame geɖe ŋu o. (Yohanes 6:48-55) Gake Lightfoot ɖee fia be “nyagbɔgblɔ ‘nuɖuɖu kple nunono’ zazã le kpɔɖeŋumɔnu bɔ ɖe Yudatɔwo ƒe sukuwo me ŋutɔ.” Ede dzesii hã be Talmud la ƒo nu tso “Mesia la ɖuɖu” ŋu.

Aleae wòdzɔe be Farisitɔwo kple Zadukitɔwo ƒe nukpɔsusuwo kpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe Yudatɔwo ƒe nukpɔsusu dzi le ƒe alafa gbãtɔ me. Gake esɔ be Yesu ya bu eƒe nyaselawo ƒe nunyanya kple nuteƒekpɔkpɔ ŋu ɣesiaɣi. Esia nye nu geɖe siwo ta wònye Nufiala Gã la dometɔ ɖeka.