• John 12:38
    The Kingdom Interlinear Translation of the Greek Scriptures

    • 38 ἵνα in order that ὁ the λόγος word Ἠσαίου of Isaiah τοῦ the προφήτου prophet πληρωθῇ might be fulfilled ὃν which εἶπεν he said Κύριε, Lord, τίς who ἐπίστευσεν believed τῇ to the ἀκοῇ thing heard ἡμῶν; of us? καὶ and ὁ the βραχίων arm Κυρίου of Lord τίνι to whom ἀπεκαλύφθη; was revealed?

  • John 12:38
    The Emphasized Bible

    • 38 that the word of Isaiah the prophet might be fulfilled which said—Lord! who believed what we have heard? And the arm of the Lord to whom was it revealed?

  • John 12:38
    King James Version

    • 38 That the saying of Esaias the prophet might be fulfilled, which he spake, Lord, who hath believed our report? and to whom hath the arm of the Lord been revealed?

  • John Study Notes—Chapter 12
    New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (Study Edition)

    • 12:38

      Jehovah: In this quote from Isa 53:1, the original Hebrew text uses the divine name only once, in the expression “the arm of Jehovah.” John, however, apparently quotes from the Septuagint translation of Isaiah’s prophecy, where the Greek text begins with the form of the word Kyʹri·os (Lord) used for direct address. (See Ro 10:16, where Isa 53:1 is also quoted.) The translators may have inserted the divine name in this first occurrence in order to clarify to the reader that the prophet addresses his questions to God. As previously noted, Kyʹri·os in later copies of the Septuagint is often used as a substitute for the Tetragrammaton in the original Hebrew text (as is the case in the second occurrence of Kyʹri·os in this quote). Therefore, the divine name has here been used in the main text. A number of translations of the Christian Greek Scriptures into Hebrew (referred to as J12, 14, 16-18, 22, 23 in App. C4) use the divine name at its first occurrence at Joh 12:38.

      arm of Jehovah: In this quote from Isa 53:1, the divine name, represented by four Hebrew consonants (transliterated YHWH), occurs once in the original Hebrew text. (See study note on the first occurrence of Jehovah in this verse and App. A5 and C.) The Hebrew and Greek terms for arm are often used figuratively in the Bible to represent the ability to exert strength or power. Through the signs and miracles that Jesus performed, Jehovah revealed His “arm,” His might and ability to exercise power.