Kodi Nkufuniranji Choonadi?

MAGULU ambiri achipembedzo amati ali ndi choonadi, ndipo amauzako ena mofunitsitsa. Komabe, pamagulu onsewo, lililonse lili ndi mpambo wosokoneza wa “choonadi.” Kodi zimenezi zangokhala umboni wina wakuti choonadi chonse chimadalira pa munthu, kuti kulibe choonadi chosatsutsika? Ayi.

M’buku lake lakuti The Art of Thinking, Profesa V. R. Ruggiero akutchula za kudabwa kwake kwakuti ngakhale anthu anzeru nthaŵi zina amanena kuti choonadi chimadalira pa munthu. Iye akunena kuti: “Ngati aliyense adzisankhira choonadi chake, ndiye kuti palibe lingaliro la munthu limene lingakhale labwino kuposa la wina. Onse ayenera kukhala olingana. Ndipo ngati malingaliro onse ali olingana, kodi chifukwa chofufuziranso nkhani iliyonse nchotani? Kodi nkukumbiranji pansi kuti mayankho apezeke pa mafunso a akatswiri a zam’mabwinja? Kodi nkufufuziranji zochititsa mkangano ku Middle East? Kodi nkufuniranji mankhwala a kansa? Nkuyenderanji mumlalang’amba kukaufufuza? Machitachita ameneŵa angakhale omveka kokha ngati mayankho ena ali abwino kuposa ena, ngati choonadi chili chosiyana, ndipo chosakhudzidwa, ndi malingaliro a munthu.”

Kunena zoona, palibe aliyense amene kwenikweni amakhulupirira kuti choonadi kulibe. Pankhani yokhudza zinthu zooneka, zonga mankhwala, masamu, kapena malamulo a physics, ngakhale mchirikizi wouma mutu wa lingaliro lakuti choonadi chimadalira pa munthu amakhulupirira kuti zinthu zina nzoona. Kodi ndani wa ife amene angayese kukwera ndege ngati aganiza kuti malamulo a mmene mpweya umaulutsira zinthu saali choonadi chosatsutsika? Choonadi chotsimikizirika chilipo; chimatizinga, ndipo timaika moyo wathu pa icho.

Chimene Lingaliro Lakuti Choonadi Chimadalira pa Munthu Latayitsa

Komabe, kulakwa kwa lingaliro lakuti choonadi chimadalira pa munthu kumaonekera kwambiri m’zamakhalidwe, pakuti ndi pankhani imeneyi pamene kalingaliridwe kameneko kawononga zinthu kwambiri. The Encyclopedia Americana imatchula mfundoyi: “Kwakayikiridwa kwambiri ngati anthu angapeze chidziŵitso, kapena choonadi chodziŵika . . . Komabe, nzoona kuti pamene miyezo iŵiri wa choonadi ndi wa chidziŵitso ikanidwa kuti ili yongopeka ndi yovulaza, chikhalidwe cha anthu chimavunda.”

Mwinamwake mwakuona kuvunda kumeneko. Mwachitsanzo, ziphunzitso zamakhalidwe za Baibulo, zimene zimanena momveka kuti chisembwere nchoipa, ambiri samazionanso kukhala choonadi. Mzimu wa kuweruza zinthu malinga ndi mkhalidwe wakuti, “sankhani chokukomerani inuyo,” uli lingaliro lofala. Kodi aliyense anganene kuti lingaliro lakuti choonadi chimadalira pa munthu silinachititse kuvunda kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu? Ndithudi miliri ya padziko lonse ya matenda opatsirana mwa kugonana, mabanja osweka, mimba za atsikana achichepere zikulankhula zokha.

Kodi Choonadi Nchiyani?

Chotero tiyeni tichoke m’madzi amatope a lingaliro lakuti choonadi chimadalira pa munthu ndi kupenda mwachidule chimene Baibulo limafotokoza kukhala madzi oyera a choonadi. (Yohane 4:14; Chivumbulutso 22:17) M’Baibulo, “choonadi” sichili konse monga lingaliro losamvetsetseka ndi losatsatirika limene afilosofi amakanganapo.

Pamene Yesu anati chifuno chake chonse m’moyo chinali kulankhula za choonadi, iye anali kulankhula za kanthu kena kamene Ayuda okhulupirika anakaona kukhala kamtengo wapatali kwa zaka mazana ambiri. M’zolemba zawo zopatulika, Ayuda kwanthaŵi yaitali anaŵerenga za “choonadi” kukhala kanthu kena kotsimikizirika, osati kongopeka. M’Baibulo, liwu lakuti “choonadi” latembenuzidwa ku liwu la Chihebri lakuti “ʼemethʹ,” limene limatanthauza chinthu chimene chili ndi maziko, chotsimikizirika, ndipo, mwinamwake koposa zonse, chodalirika.

Ayuda anali ndi chifukwa chabwino choonera choonadi mwanjira imeneyo. Iwo anatcha Mulungu wawo, Yehova, “Mulungu wa choonadi.” (Salmo 31:5) Ichi chinali chifukwa chakuti zonse zimene Yehova anati adzachita, anazichitadi. Pamene iye anapereka malonjezo, anawasunga. Pamene anauzira maulosi, iwo anakwaniritsidwa. Pamene anatchula ziweruzo zimene adzapereka, zinachitika. Aisrayeli ambiri anali mboni zoona ndi maso za zochitika zimenezi. Olemba Baibulo ouziridwa anazilemba monga zochitika zosatsutsika m’mbiri ya anthu. Mosiyana ndi mabuku ena oyesedwa opatulika, Baibulo silozikidwa pa nthano kapena nthanthi. Ilo nlozikidwa zolimba pa zochitika zotsimikizirika​—m’mbiri, m’zam’mabwinja, m’zasayansi, ndi m’zachikhalidwe cha anthu. Nchifukwa chake wamasalmo akunena motere ponena za Yehova: “Chilamulo chanu ndicho choonadi. . . . Malamulo anu onse ndiwo choonadi. . . . Chiŵerengero cha mawu anu ndicho choonadi”!​—Salmo 119:142, 151, 160.

Yesu Kristu anabwereza mawu a salmo limenelo pamene anati m’pemphero kwa Yehova: “Mawu anu ndi choonadi.” (Yohane 17:17) Yesu anadziŵa kuti zonse zimene Atate wake analankhula zinali ndi maziko olimba ndipo zinali zodalirika. Momwemonso, Yesu anali “wodzala . . . ndi choonadi.” (Yohane 1:14) Otsatira ake anaphunzira monga mboni zoona ndi maso, ndipo analemba kaamba ka mibadwo ya mtsogolo, kuti zonse zimene ananena zinali zotsimikizirikadi, choonadi.a

Komabe, pamene Yesu anauza Pilato kuti anadza ku dziko lapansi kudzalankhula choonadi, anali ndi choonadi china m’maganizo. Yesu ananena zimenezo poyankha funso la Pilato lakuti: “Kodi ndiwe Mfumu?” (Yohane 18:37) Ufumu wa Mulungu, ndi mbali yake Yesu monga Mfumu yake, ndizo zinali mutu wa nkhani, inde, mfundo yaikulu ya chiphunzitso cha Yesu pamene anali pa dziko lapansi. (Luka 4:43) Chiphunzitso chakuti Ufumu umenewu udzayeretsa dzina la Yehova, kutsimikiza ulamuliro wake, ndi kubwezeretsa anthu okhulupirika ku moyo wamuyaya ndi wachimwemwe ndicho “choonadi” chimene Akristu enieni onse amaikapo chiyembekezo chawo. Popeza kuti mbali ya Yesu njofunika kwambiri pa kukwaniritsidwa kwa malonjezo onse a Mulungu, ndipo popeza kuti maulosi onse a Mulungu akhala “Amen,” kapena oona, chifukwa cha iye, Yesu anakhoza kunena kuti: “Ine ndine njira, ndi choonadi, ndi moyo.”​—Yohane 14:6; 2 Akorinto 1:20; Chivumbulutso 3:14.

Kuzindikira kuti choonadi chimenechi nchodalirika kotheratu kuli ndi tanthauzo lalikulu kwa Akristu lerolino. Kumatanthauza kuti chikhulupiriro chawo mwa Mulungu ndi chiyembekezo chawo m’malonjezo ake zili zozikidwa pa choonadi, pa zenizeni.

Choonadi pa Ntchito

Nzosadabwitsa kuti Baibulo limagwirizanitsa choonadi ndi ntchito. (1 Samueli 12:24; 1 Yohane 3:18) Kwa Ayuda owopa Mulungu, choonadi sichinali nkhani yongokambapo; chinali moyo wawo. Liwu la Chihebri la “choonadi” linatanthauzanso “kukhulupirika” ndipo linkagwiritsiridwa ntchito kufotokoza munthu amene anali wodalirika pa mawu ake. Yesu anaphunzitsa otsatira ake kuona choonadi monga momwe iye anachionera. Iye anatsutsa mwaukali chinyengo cha Afarisi, kusiyana kwambiri kwa mawu awo odzilungamitsa ndi ntchito zawo zosalungama. Ndipo anapereka chitsanzo cha kutsatira choonadi chimene anaphunzitsa.

Ndi mmenenso ziyenera kukhalira ndi otsatira Kristu onse. Kwa iwo, choonadi cha Mawu a Mulungu, uthenga wabwino wosangalatsa wa Ufumu wa Mulungu wolamuliridwa ndi Yesu Kristu, sumangokhala chidziŵitso chabe ayi. Choonadi chimenecho chimawasonkhezera kugwira ntchito, kuwachichiza kuchitsatira ndi kuuza ena za icho. (Yerekezerani ndi Yeremiya 20:9.) Kwa mpingo Wachikristu wa m’zaka za zana loyamba, moyo umene anatsatira monga otsatira Kristu nthaŵi zina unkatchedwa “choonadi” kapena “njira ya choonadi.”​—2 Yohane 4; 3 Yohane 4, 8; 2 Petro 2:2.

Chuma Chotayirapo Zilizonse

Kunena zoona, kulandira choonadi cha Mawu a Mulungu kumatayitsa kanthu kena. Choyamba, kungodziŵa choonadi kungakhale kosautsa kwambiri. The Encyclopedia Americana imati: “Choonadi sichimavomerezedwa kaŵirikaŵiri, chifukwa chakuti chimalephera kuchirikiza lingaliro lolakwika kapena nthano.” Kuona zikhulupiriro zathu zikuvumbulidwa kukhala zonama kungakhale kogwiritsa mwala, makamaka ngati tinaphunzitsidwa ndi atsogoleri achipembedzo odalirika. Ena angafanizire chochitikacho ndi zimene zimachitika pamene wina wadziŵa kuti makolo ake odalirikawo, kwenikweni, ali apandu ochita zinthu mobisa. Koma kodi kutulukira choonadi chachipembedzo sikwabwino kuposa kukhala m’chinyengo? Kodi sikwabwino kudziŵa zoona kuposa kulimidwa pamsana ndi mabodza?b​—Yerekezerani ndi Yohane 8:32; Aroma 3:4.

Chachiŵiri, kutsatira choonadi chachipembedzo kungatitayitse chiyanjo cha ena amene anali mabwenzi athu. M’dziko limene anthu ambiri “anasandutsa choonadi cha Mulungu chabodza,” aja amene amaumirira nganganga pa choonadi cha Mawu a Mulungu amaoneka kukhala achilendo ndipo nthaŵi zina amapeŵedwa ndi kuonedwa molakwa.​—Aroma 1:25; 1 Petro 4:4.

Koma zili bwino kutayira zinthu ziŵirizi pa choonadi. Kudziŵa choonadi kumatimasula ku mabodza, zinyengo, ndi miyambo. Ndipo pamene titsatira choonadi, icho chimatilimbikitsa kupirira zovuta. Choonadi cha Mulungu nchodalirika kwambiri ndipo chili ndi maziko olimba, ndiponso chimatipatsa chiyembekezo chachikulu, chimene chimatikhozetsa kulimbika pa chiyeso chilichonse. Nchifukwa chake mtumwi Paulo anafanizira choonadi ndi lamba lalikulu lolimba lachikopa, kapena chomangira m’chuuno, chimene asilikali anali kuvala kunkhondo!​—Aefeso 6:13, 14.

Mwambi wa Baibulo umati: “Gula ntheradi [“choonadi,” NW], osaigulitsa; nzeru, ndi mwambo, ndi luntha.” (Miyambo 23:23) Kukana choonadi kuti chimadalira pa munthu kapena kuti kulibe ndiko kuphonya mwaŵi wosangalatsa ndi wokhutiritsa wa kuchifunafuna umene moyo uli nawo. Kuchipeza ndiko kupeza chiyembekezo; kuchidziŵa ndi kuchikonda ndiko kudziŵa ndi kukonda Mlengi wa chilengedwe chonse ndi Mwana wake wobadwa yekha; kuchitsatira ndiko kukhala ndi chifuno ndi mtendere wamaganizo, tsopano ndi kosatha.​—Miyambo 2:1-5; Zekariya 8:19; Yohane 17:3.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Bokosi patsamba 6]

Kodi Choonadi Chimasintha Konse?

FUNSO limenelo linafunsidwa ndi V. R. Ruggiero m’buku lake lakuti The Art of Thinking. Yankho lake nlakuti ayi. Iye akupitiriza kufotokoza kuti: “Nthaŵi zina chingaoneke ngati chikusintha, koma chitapendedwa mosamalitsa chimapezeka kuti sichinasinthe.”

“Talingalirani,” iye akutero, “nkhani ya kulembedwa kwa buku loyamba la Baibulo, buku la Genesis. Kwa zaka mazana ambiri Akristu ndi Ayuda omwe anakhulupirira kuti mlembi wa bukulo anali mmodzi. M’kupita kwa nthaŵi lingaliro limeneli linakayikiridwa, ndipo potsirizira pake linaloŵedwa m’malo ndi chikhulupiriro chakuti alembi okwanira asanu analemba Genesis. Ndiyeno, mu 1981, zotulukapo za kupenda chinenero cha Genesis kwa zaka 5 zinafalitsidwa, zikumanena kuti pali kuthekera kwa 82 peresenti kwakuti mlembi wake anali mmodzi, monga momwe kunalingaliridwira poyamba.

“Kodi choonadi chonena za kulembedwa kwa Genesis chasintha? Iyayi. Chimene chasintha ndi chikhulupiriro chathu basi. . . . Choonadi sichidzasintha chifukwa cha chidziŵitso chathu kapena umbuli wathu.”

[Bokosi patsamba 7]

Ulemu wa Choonadi

“ULEMU wa choonadi suli konse mzimu wa kukayikira kwachiphamaso wa m’nyengo yathu umene umayesa ‘kuvumbula’ zonse, pokhulupirira kuti palibiretu aliyense amene anganene kuti ali ndi choonadi. Ndiwo mkhalidwe umene umagwirizanitsa chidaliro cha chimwemwe chakuti choonadi chingapezekedi, limodzi ndi kugonjera choonadi modzichepetsa nthaŵi iliyonse kapena paliponse pamene chavumbulika. Kukhala wotseguka mutu motero pa choonadi kumafunika kwa aja amene amalambira Mulungu wa choonadi; pamene kuli kwakuti ulemu woyenera wa choonadi umachititsa munthu kukhala woona mtima pa zochita zake ndi anansi, m’mawu ndi m’ntchito zomwe. Taona kuti mkhalidwe umenewu ndiwo umene OT[Chipangano Chakale] ndi NT[Chipangano Chatsopano] zimachitira umboni.”​—The New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology, Voliyumu 3, tsamba 901.

[Zithunzi patsamba 7]

Kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi kwazikidwa pa kuvumbulika kwa choonadi cha sayansi

[Chithunzi patsamba 8]

Choonadi chimaphatikizapo Ufumu ndi madalitso ake