Mawu a Yehova Ndi Amoyo

Mfundo Zazikulu za M’buku la Rute

M’BUKU la Rute muli nkhani imene inachitikadi ya akazi awiri omwe aliyense anali wokhulupirika kwa mnzake. Mulinso nkhani ya kuyamikira Yehova Mulungu komanso ya kukhulupirira zimene anakhazikitsa. Ndipo mulinso nkhani yotsimikizira kuti Yehova ali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi mzere wa Mesiya. Komanso muli nkhani yokhudza mtima kwambiri yofotokoza za chimwemwe ndiponso chisoni chimene banja linalake linakhala nacho. M’buku la Rute muli nkhani zonsezi ndiponso zina zambiri.

Buku la Rute limasimba nkhani zimene zinachitika pa nyengo ya zaka pafupifupi 11 ya ‘masiku akuweruza oweruza’ mu Israyeli. (Rute 1:1) Nkhani zake ziyenera kuti zinachitika kumayambiriro kwa nyengo ya Oweruza, chifukwa choti mwini malo, Boazi, yemwe ndi mmodzi mwa anthu osimbidwa m’buku losimba zochitika zenizenili, anali mwana wa Rahabi wa m’nthawi ya Yoswa. (Yoswa 2:1, 2; Rute 2:1; Mateyu 1:5) N’zotheka kuti nkhaniyi inalembedwa ndi mneneri Samueli m’chaka cha 1090 B.C.E. M’Baibulo lonse, buku lokhali ndi limene lili ndi dzina la mkazi wosakhala Mwiisrayeli. Uthenga umene uli m’bukuli ‘uli wamoyo, ndi wochitachita.’​—Ahebri 4:12.

“KUMENE MUMUKAKO NDIMUKA INENSO”

(Rute 1:1–2:23)

Naomi ndi Rute atafika ku Betelehemu, anthu onse anachita nawo chidwi. Azimayi a m’tauniyo analoza mayi wamkulu pa amayi awiriwo n’kumafunsa kuti: “Kodi uyu ndi Naomi?” Koma Naomi anayankha kuti: “Musanditcha Naomi, munditche Mara; pakuti Wamphamvuyonse anandichitira zowawa ndithu. Ndinachoka pano wolemera, nandibwezanso kwathu Yehova wopanda kanthu.”​—Rute 1:19-21.

Ku Israyeli kutagwa njala, banja lake n’kusamuka ku Betelehemu kukakhala ku dziko la Moabu, Naomi anali “wolemera” chifukwa anali ndi mwamuna ndiponso ana aamuna awiri. Koma atakhala ku Moabu kwa kanthawi, mwamuna wake Elimeleki, anamwalira. Kenaka ana ake aamuna awiri aja anakwatira akazi achimoabu, Olipa ndi Rute. Patatha zaka pafupifupi 10, ana awiri aamuna aja anamwalira asanabereke ana ndipo akazi atatuwo anakhala amasiye. Naomi, yemwe anali mpongozi wawo, anaganiza zobwerera ku Yuda, ndipo akazi awiri amasiyewo anamutsatira. Ali panjira, Naomi anawalimbikitsa akaziwo kuti abwerere ku Moabu kuti akapeze amuna a mtundu wawo. Olipa anavomera kutero. Koma Rute anakana kusiyana naye Naomi ndipo anati: “Kumene mumukako ndimuka inenso, ndi kumene mugonako ndigona inenso; anthu a kwanu ndiwo anthu a kwa inenso, ndi Mulungu wanu ndiye Mulungu wanga.”​—Rute 1:16.

Akazi awiri amasiyewo, Naomi ndi Rute, anafika ku Betelehemu kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokolola barele. Potengerapo mwayi pa zimene Lamulo la Mulungu linanena, Rute anayamba kutola khunkha m’munda umene mwini wake anali mbale wake wa Elimeleki. Iyeyu anali Myuda wachikulire ndipo dzina lake anali Boazi. Rute anayanjidwa ndi Boazi ndipo anapitiriza kutola khunkha m’munda wake “kufikira atatha kucheka barele ndi tirigu.”​—Rute 2:23.

Kuyankha Mafunso a M’Malemba:

1:8​—N’chifukwa chiyani Naomi anauza azipongozi ake kuti “bwererani yense wa inu ku nyumba ya amayi wake” osati ya abambo wake? Baibulo silinatchule kuti panthawiyi abambo ake a Olipa anali akadali moyo. Koma Rute bambo ake anali moyo. (Rute 2:11) Komabe, mwina Naomi anatchula nyumba ya amayi awo chifukwa choganiza kuti powatchulira amayi awo awakumbutsa za chikondi cha mayi. Zimenezi zikanalimbikitsa kwambiri ana aakaziwa amene anali ndi chisoni kwambiri chifukwa chosiyana ndi apongozi awo okondedwa. Mawuwa angasonyezenso kuti mosiyana ndi Naomi, amayi awo a Rute ndi Olipa anali ndi nyumba zokhazikika.

1:13, 21​—Kodi Yehova ndiye anachititsa kuti Naomi aumve kuwawa moyo pomupatsa mavuto? Ayi, ndipotu Naomi sanaimbe mlandu Mulungu kuti wamulakwira m’njira inayake. Komabe, poona zonse zimene zinam’chitikira, iye anaganiza kuti Yehova sakumuyanja. Motero anawawidwa mtima ndiponso anakhumudwa. Komanso masiku amenewo anthu ankaona kuti kubereka ndi madalitso ochokera kwa Mulungu ndipo kusabereka ankakuona ngati temberero. Popeza kuti analibe zidzukulu ndiponso ana ake aamuna awiri anali atafa, Naomi ayenera kuti ankaona kuti akulondola poganiza kuti Yehova wamunyozetsa.

2:12​—Kodi ndi “mphotho yokwanira” yotani imene Rute analandira kwa Yehova? Rute anabereka mwana wamwamuna ndipo analandira mwayi wokhala mumzera wofunika kwambiri wa mibadwo ya anthu. Mzera wake ndi wa Yesu Kristu.​—Rute 4:13-17; Mateyu 1:5, 16.

Zimene Tikuphunzirapo:

1:8; 2:20. Ngakhale kuti Naomi anakumana ndi zovuta, iye anakhulupirirabe kuti Yehova ndi wokoma mtima mwachikondi. Nafenso tiyenera kuchita chimodzimodzi makamaka tikakumana ndi ziyeso zosautsa.

1:9. Kunyumba sikuyenera kukhala malo oti banja lizingodyerako ndi kungogonako chabe ayi. Koma kuyenera kukhala malo oti anthu azikhalako mwamtendere, azipumulirako ndiponso azilimbikitsidwako.

1:14-16. Olipa ‘anabwerera kwa anthu a kwawo, ndi kwa mulungu wake.’ Koma Rute sanatero. Iye analolera kusiyana nazo zabwino zonse za kudziko lakwawo n’kukhalabe wokhulupirika kwa Yehova. Kukhala ndi chikondi chokhulupirika kwa Mulungu ndiponso kusonyeza mzimu wodzimana kungatiteteze kuti tisachite zinthu zongokomera ifeyo ndiponso kuti ‘tisabwerere kulowa chitayiko.’​—Ahebri 10:39.

2:2. Rute anafuna kugwiritsira ntchito mwayi wotola khunkha womwe alendo ndiponso osauka anapatsidwa. Rute anali munthu wodzichepetsa mochokera pansi pamtima. Motero Mkristu amene ali wosowa asamanyade Akristu anzake akamafuna kumuthandiza mwachikondi chawo kapena boma likamapereka thandizo lina lililonse limene iyeyo ali woyenerera kulandira.

2:7. Ngakhale kuti Rute anali ndi ufulu wotola khunkha, iye anayamba wapempha kaye. (Levitiko 19:9, 10) Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti anali wodzichepetsa. Ifenso tingachite zanzeru ngati ‘titafuna chifatso’ chifukwa “ofatsa adzalandira dziko lapansi; nadzakondwera nawo mtendere wochuluka.”​—Zefaniya 2:3; Salmo 37:11.

2:11. Rute anasonyeza kuti kwa iyeyo Naomi sanali mpongozi wake chabe. Koma analinso mnzake weniweni. (Miyambo 17:17) Ubwenzi wawo unali wolimba kwambiri pakuti ankagwirizana chifukwa cha chikondi, kukhulupirika, kuganizirana, kukoma mtima, ndiponso mzimu wololera kuvutikira ena. Koma makamakanso, iwowa ankagwirizana chifukwa cha kukonda zinthu zauzimu, poti onsewa ankafunitsitsa kutumikira Yehova ndi kukhala m’gulu la anthu omulambira. Ifenso tili ndi mipata yabwino kwambiri yogwirizana ndi anthu olambira m’choonadi.

2:15-17. Ngakhale pamene Boazi anam’fewetsera Rute ntchito yake, anapitirizabe ‘kutola khunkha m’munda mpaka madzulo.’ Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti Rute anali munthu wolimbikira ntchito. Mkristu ayenera kudziwika kuti ndi munthu wakhama pantchito.

2:19-22. Naomi ndi Rute ankacheza madzulo. Pamachezawo Naomi ankamufunsa Ruteyo mmene zinthu zayendera patsikulo, ndipo onse ankanena zakukhosi kwawo momasuka. Umu ndi mmene zinthu ziyenera kukhalira m’banja lachikristu.

2:22, 23. Mosiyana ndi Dina, mwana wa Yakobo, Rute ankasankha kucheza ndi anthu olambira Yehova. Ichitu ndi chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri kwa ife.​—Genesis 34:1, 2; 1 Akorinto 15:33.

NAOMI AKHALA “WOLEMERA”

(Rute 3:1–4:22)

Naomi anali wachikulire kwambiri moti sakanathanso kubereka. Motero anamuuza Rute kuti alowe m’malo mwake pa ukwati wowombola kapena kuti wapachilamu. Potsatira malangizo a Naomi, Rute anamupempha Boazi kuti akhale wowombola. Boazi anali wokonzeka kuvomera kutero. Komano panali mwamuna wina wachibale chapafupi amene anayenera kukhala woyamba kupatsidwa mwayi umenewu.

Boazi anayendetsa nkhaniyi mwamsanga. M’mawa wa tsiku lotsatira, iye anasonkhanitsa amuna aakulu khumi a ku Betelehemu ndipo anamufunsa mwamuna wachibale chapafupi uja ngati akufuna kukhala wowombola. Mwamunayo anakana kutero. Motero Boazi ndiye anakhala wowombola n’kukwatira Rute. Kenaka anaberekerana mwana wamwamuna, dzina lake Obedi, yemwe anadzakhala agogo ake a Mfumu Davide. Tsopano akazi a ku Betelehemu anamuuza Naomi kuti: “Adalitsike Yehova . . . Nakhale uyu wakukubwezera moyo, ndi wodyetsa ukalamba wako; pakuti mpongozi wako amene akukonda, amene aposa ana aamuna asanu ndi awiri kukuthandiza, anam’bala.” (Rute 4:14, 15) Mkazi amene anabwerera kwawo ku Betelehemu ali “wopanda kanthu” tsopano anakhala “wolemera.”​—Rute 1:21.

Kuyankha Mafunso a M’Malemba:

3:11​—Kodi n’chiyani chinachititsa kuti Rute adziwike ndi mbiri yakuti ndi “mkazi waulemu,” kapena kuti wabwino? Sikuti anthu ankamusirira Rute chifukwa cha “kuluka tsitsi” lake kapena “kuvala za golidi, kapena kuvala chovala.” Koma ankamusirira chifukwa cha “munthu wobisika wamtima,” kapena kuti kukhulupirika ndiponso chikondi chake, kudzichepetsa, khama, ndiponso mtima wake wololera kuvutikira ena. Mkazi aliyense woopa Mulungu amene akufuna kukhala ndi mbiri yangati ya Rute ayenera kuyesetsa kukhala ndi makhalidwe amenewa.​—1 Petro 3:3, 4; Miyambo 31:28-31.

3:14​—Kodi n’chifukwa chiyani Rute ndi Boazi anadzuka kusanache? Sikuti chinali chifukwa chakuti anachita zinazake zosayenera usikuwo ndiyeno amayesa kuzibisa ayi. Zikuoneka kuti zimene Rute anachita usiku umenewu zinali zogwirizana ndi zimene akazi amene akufuna ukwati wapachilamu ankachita mwachikhalidwe cha panthawiyo. Iye anatsatira zimene Naomi anamulangiza. Komanso n’zosachita kufunsa kuti Boazi anaonetsa kuti sanadabwe nazo zimene Rute anachitazo. (Rute 3:2-13) Motero zikuoneka kuti Rute ndi Boazi analawirira choncho pofuna kuti asayambitse manong’onong’ono.

3:15​—Kodi pali mfundo yofunika yotani pa nkhani yakuti Boazi anapatsa Rute miyeso isanu ndi umodzi ya barele? Popeza kuti tsiku lopuma linkabwera pakatha masiku asanu ndi limodzi ogwira ntchito, zimenezi ziyenera kuti zinkaimira kuti tsiku lopuma la Rute layandikira. Motero, Boazi anali kumutsimikizira Rute kuti iye aonetsetsa kuti Ruteyo akhala ndi ‘popumirapo’ m’nyumba ya mwamuna wake. (Rute 1:9; 3:1) N’zothekanso kuti anamupatsa miyeso isanu ndi umodzi ya barele chifukwa ndi imene Rute akanakwanitsa kusenza.

3:16​—Malingana ndi malemba oyambirira a Chihebri, Naomi anafunsa Rute kuti: “Ndiwe ndani, mwana wanga?” Kodi n’chifukwa chiyani Naomi anafunsa choncho? Kodi sanamuzindikire mpongozi wakeyo? N’kutheka kuti sanamuzindikire, chifukwa, mwina pamene Rute ankabwerera kwa Naomi, n’kuti kunja kusanache. Komanso funsoli lingatanthauzenso kuti Naomi anali kufuna kudziwa ngati Rute wawomboledwa ndi mwamuna aliyense.

4:6​—Kodi munthu wowombola ‘akanawononga’ bwanji cholowa chake powombola mkazi? Chifukwa choyamba n’chakuti, ngati munthu amene analowa muumphawi uja anagulitsa cholowa chake cha malo, wowombolayo anayenera kuwombolanso malowo pamtengo wogwirizana ndi zaka zimene zatsala kuti Chaka Choliza Lipenga chifike. (Levitiko 25:25-27) Potero ndiye kuti wowombolayo anali kuika pachiswe katundu wake yemwe. Chifukwa chinanso n’chakuti mwana wamwamuna amene Rute akanabereka ndiye anali woyenerera kulowa malo owomboledwawo, osati achibale apafupi a wowombolayo ayi.

Zimene Tikuphunzirapo

3:12; 4:1-6. Boazi anatsatira mosamala ndondomeko yonse ya Yehova yoyendetsera nkhaniyi. Kodi ifenso timakhala osamala potsatira ndondomeko zokhudza nkhani zaumulungu?​—1 Akorinto 14:40.

3:18. Naomi ankam’khulupirira Boazi. Ifensotu tiyenera kuwakhulupirira Akristu anzathu okhulupirika m’njira yomweyi. Rute anali wokonzeka kuchita ukwati wapachilamu ndi mwamuna amene sankamudziwa n’komwe, mwamuna amene dzina lake silinatchulidwe m’Baibulo. (Rute 4:1) N’chifukwa chiyani Rute anatero? Chifukwa chakuti sankakayikira ndondomeko imene Mulungu anakhazikitsa yoyendetsera nkhaniyi. Kodi ifenso tili ndi mtima wotere? Mwachitsanzo, tikamafuna anthu okwatirana nawo, kodi timamvera malangizo akuti tiyenera kukwatira kapena kukwatiwa “mwa Ambuye” basi?​—1 Akorinto 7:39.

4:13-16. Ngakhale kuti anali m’Moabu komanso poyamba ankalambira mulungu wotchedwa Kemosi, Rute anapeza mwayi waukulu zedi. Zimenezi zimatithandiza kumvetsa mfundo yakuti “sichifuma kwa munthu amene afuna, kapena kwa iye amene athamanga, koma kwa Mulungu amene achitira chifundo.”​—Aroma 9:16.

Mulungu “Panthawi Yake Akakukwezeni”

Buku la Rute limatithandiza kuona kuti Yehova ndi Mulungu wokoma mtima mwachikondi, amene amathandiza atumiki ake okhulupirika. (2 Mbiri 16:9) Tikamaganizira mmene Rute anadalitsidwira, timaona kufunika kokhulupirira Mulungu ndi mtima wonse kuti “alipo, ndi kuti ali wobwezera mphotho iwo akum’funa Iye.”​—Ahebri 11:6.

Rute, Naomi, ndi Boazi anakhulupirira ndi mtima wonse ndondomeko ya Yehova yoyendetsera zinthu, motero zinthu zinawayendera bwino. M’njira yomweyinso, “Mulungu amagwirizanitsa zochita zake zonse pofuna kupindulitsa anthu omwe amam’konda, oitanidwa mogwirizana ndi zimene iye akufuna.” (Aroma 8:28, NW) Motero tiyeni titsatire malangizo a mtumwi Petro akuti: “Dzichepetseni pansi pa dzanja la mphamvu la Mulungu, kuti panthawi yake akakukwezeni; ndi kutaya pa Iye nkhawa yanu yonse pakuti Iye asamalira inu.”​—1 Petro 5:6, 7.

[Chithunzi patsamba 26]

Kodi mukudziwa kuti n’chifukwa chiyani Rute sanalekane naye Naomi?

[Chithunzi patsamba 27]

Kodi n’chiyani chinachititsa kuti Rute adziwike ndi mbiri yakuti ndi “mkazi waulemu,” kapena kuti wabwino?

[Chithunzi patsamba 28]

Kodi ndi “mphotho yokwanira” yotani imene Rute analandira kwa Yehova?