Mutu 6

Kuvumbula Chinsinsi cha Mtengo Waukulu

 1. Kodi n’chiyani chinachitikira Mfumu Nebukadinezara, ndipo chimabutsa mafunso otani?

YEHOVA analola Mfumu Nebukadinezara kukhala wolamulira wa dziko lonse. Monga mfumu ya Babulo, iye anali ndi chuma chadzaoneni, zakudya za mwana alirenji, nyumba yachifumu yaulemerero wosaneneka—zakuthupi zonse zimene mtima wake unakhumba. Koma mwadzidzidzi iye anatsitsidwa mochititsa manyazi. Atachita misala, Nebukadinezara anakhala ngati nyama yakutchire! Atam’siyitsa zakudya zachifumu ndi nyumba yaulemerero, anakakhala m’minda ndi kudya udzu ngati ng’ombe. Kodi chinachititsa tsoka limeneli chinali chiyani? Ndipo n’chifukwa chiyani ziyenera kutikhudza ife?—Yerekezani ndi Yobu 12:17-19; Mlaliki 6:1, 2.

MFUMU ILEMEKEZA WAM’MWAMBAMWAMBA

2, 3. Kodi mfumu ya Babulo inawafunira chiyani anthu ake, ndipo mfumuyo inamuona motani Mulungu Wam’mwambamwamba?

² Atangochira kumene misala yakeyo, Nebukadinezara anatumiza m’dziko lonse la ufumu wake mawu onena zimene zinamuonekera. Yehova anauzira mneneri wake Danieli kuti asunge lipoti lolondola la zochitika zimenezo. Lipotilo limayamba ndi mawu awa: “Mfumu Nebukadinezara, kwa anthu, mitundu ya anthu, ndi a manenedwe okhala padziko lonse lapansi: Mtendere uchulukire inu. Chandikomera kuonetsa zizindikiro ndi zozizwa, zimene anandichitira Mulungu Wam’mwambamwamba. Ha! zizindikiro zake n’zazikulu, ndi zozizwa zake n’zamphamvu, ufumu wake ndiwo ufumu wosatha, ndi kulamulira kwake ku mibadwomibadwo.”—Danieli 4:1-3.

³ Anthu a Nebukadinezara ‘anali kukhala padziko lonse lapansi.’ Ufumu wake unatenga gawo lalikulu la dziko la m’mbiri ya m’Baibulo. Ponena za Mulungu wa Danieli, mfumuyo inati: “Ufumu wake ndiwo ufumu wosatha.” Mawu ameneŵa analemekezadi Yehova mu Ufumu wonse wa Babulo! Komanso, aka kanali kachiŵri kuti Nebukadinezara asonyezedwe kuti Ufumu wa Mulungu ndi ufumu wokha wosatha, wokhala “chikhalire.”—Danieli 2:44.

 4. Ndi motani mmene “zizindikiro ndi zozizwa” za Yehova zinayambira kwa Nebukadinezara?

⁴ Kodi ndi “zizindikiro ndi zozizwa” zotani zimene “Mulungu Wam’mwambamwamba” anazisonyeza? Zimenezi zinayamba ndi zimene zinaonekera mfumuyo zimene inafotokoza kuti: “Ine Nebukadinezara ndinalimkupumula m’nyumba mwanga, ndi kukhala mwaufulu m’chinyumba changa. Ndinaona loto lakundiopsa, ndi zolingilira za pakama panga, ndi masomphenya a m’mtima mwanga, zinandivuta ine.” (Danieli 4:4, 5) Kodi mfumu ya Babuloyi inatani ndi loto lovutitsa mtima limeneli?

 5. Kodi Nebukadinezara anamuona motani Danieli, ndipo chifukwa chiyani?

⁵ Nebukadinezara anaitanitsa amuna anzeru a Babulo nawauza loto lakelo. Koma iwo linawakanika! Analephereratu kulimasulira. Nkhaniyo ikuwonjezera kuti: “Potsiriza pake analoŵa pamaso panga Danieli, dzina lake ndiye Belitsazara, monga mwa dzina la mulungu wanga, amenenso muli mzimu wa milungu yoyera m’mtima mwake; ndipo ndinam’fotokozera lotoli pamaso pake.” (Danieli 4:6-8) Dzina la Danieli la m’bwalo la mfumu linali Belitsazara, ndipo mulungu wonama amene mfumuyo inamutcha “mulungu wanga” ayenera kuti anali Beli kapena Nebo kapena Maduki. Pokhala wokhulupirira milungu yambiri, Nebukadinezara anaona Danieli monga munthu wokhala ndi “mzimu wa milungu yoyera.” Ndipo chifukwa cha udindo wa Danieli monga mkulu wa amuna anzeru onse a Babulo, mfumuyo inamutcha “wamkulu wa ansembe amatsenga.” (Danieli 2:48; 4:9, NW; yerekezani ndi Danieli 1:20.) Koma Danieli wokhulupirikayo, sanasiyepo konse kulambira kwake Yehova kuti akachite zamatsenga.—Levitiko 19:26; Deuteronomo 18:10-12.

MTENGO WAUKULU

6, 7. Kodi mungafotokoze motani zimene Nebukadinezara anaona m’loto lake?

⁶ Kodi mfumu ya Babuloyo inaonanji m’loto lake loopsalo? “Masomphenya a m’mtima mwanga pakama panga ndi awa,” anatero Nebukadinezara, “ndinapenya ndi kuona mtengo pakati pa dziko lapansi, msinkhu wake ndi waukulu. Mtengowo unakula, nulimba, ndi msinkhu wake unafikira kumwamba, nuonekera mpaka chilekezero cha dziko lonse lapansi. Masamba ake anali okoma, ndi zipatso zake zinachuluka, ndi mmenemo munali zakudya zofikira onse, nyama za kuthengo zinatsata mthunzi wake, ndi mbalame za m’mlengalenga zinafatsa m’nthambi zake, ndi nyama zonse zinadyako.” (Danieli 4:10-12) Nkhani zimanena kuti Nebukadinezara ankakonda kwambiri mikungudza ya ku Lebano. Akuti iye amakaiona, ndi kukatengako ina yokapala matabwa ku Babulo. Koma sanaonepo mtengo waukulu ngati umene anaona m’loto lake. Unali pamalo oonekera “pakati pa dziko lapansi,” unaonekera padziko lonse, ndipo unali wobala zipatso kwambiri moti zamoyo zonse zinapezamo chakudya.

⁷ Koma lotolo linali n’nzambiri, chifukwa Nebukadinezara anawonjeza kuti: “Ndinaona m’masomphenya a m’mtima mwanga pakama panga, taonani, mthenga woyera anatsika kumwamba. Anafuulitsa, natero, Likhani mtengowo, sadzani nthambi zake, yoyolani masamba ake, mwazani zipatso zake, nyama zichoke pansi pake, ndi mbalame pa nthambi zake. Koma siyani chitsa ndi mizu yake m’nthaka, chomangidwa mkombero wa chitsulo ndi mkuwa, mu msipu wa kuthengo; n’chokhathamira ndi mame a kumwamba, ndi gawo lake likhale pamodzi ndi nyama zili m’machire a m’dziko.”—Danieli 4:13-15.

 8. Kodi ‘mthengayo’ anali ndani?

⁸ Ababulo anali ndi maganizo awoawo achipembedzo pankhani ya zolengedwa za mzimu zabwino ndi zoipa. Koma kodi “mthenga,” kapena mlonda ameneyu wochokera kumwamba anali ndani? Potchedwa “woyera,” iye anali mngelo wolungama woimira Mulungu. (Yerekezani ndi Salmo 103:20, 21.) Taganizirani mafunso amene angakhale atasautsa Nebukadinezara! Kodi mtengowo n’kuuduliranji? Kodi chitsacho ndi mizu yake anachimangiranji mikombero ya chitsulo ndi mkuwa kuti chisaphukire? Nanga chitsacho chili ndi ntchito yanji?

 9. Kodi mthengayo ananenanji, ndipo pakubuka mafunso otani?

⁹ Nebukadinezara ayenera kukhala atazizwa kwambiri pakumva mawu otsatira a mthengayo akuti: “Mtima wake usandulike, usakhalenso mtima wa munthu, apatsidwe mtima wonga wa nyama, nizim’pitire nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri. Chitsutso ichi adachilamulira amithenga oyerawo, anachifunsa, nachinena, kuti amoyo adziŵe kuti Wam’mwambamwamba alamulira m’ufumu wa anthu, naupereka kwa aliyense Iye afuna, nauutsira wolubukira anthu [“wodzichepetsa mwa anthu onse,” NW].” (Danieli 4:16, 17) Chitsa cha mtengo sichingakhale ndi mtima wa munthu umene umagunda m’kati mwake. Nangano chitsa cha mtengo chingapatsidwe bwanji mtima wa nyama? Kodi “nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri” akuzinenazo n’chiyani? Ndipo zonsezi zikukhudzana motani ndi “ufumu wa anthu”? Ndithudi, Nebukadinezara anafunitsitsa kuti adziŵe.

UTHENGA WACHISONI KWA MFUMU

10. (a) Malinga n’kunena kwa Malemba, kodi mitengo imatha kuimira chiyani? (b) Kodi mtengo waukuluwo umaimira chiyani?

¹⁰ Atamva za lotolo, Danieli anadabwa kwambiri pakanthaŵi, kenako anachita mantha. Nebukadinezara atam’limbikitsa kuti amasulire lotolo, mneneriyo anati: “Mbuye wanga, lotoli likadakhala la iwo akudana nanu, ndi kumasulira kwake kwa iwo akuutsana nanu. Mtengo mudauona umene unakula, nukhala wolimba, . . . ndinu, mfumu; mwakula, mwalimba, pakuti ukulu wanu wakula, nufikira kumwamba, ndi ufumu wanu ku chilekezero cha dziko lapansi.” (Danieli 4:18-22) M’Malemba, mitengo imatha kuimira anthu, olamulira, ndi mafumu. (Salmo 1:3; Yeremiya 17:7, 8; Ezekieli, chaputala 31) Monga mtengo waukulu wa m’lotolo, Nebukadinezara anali ‘atakula nakhala wolimba’ monga wolamulira wa dziko lonse. Koma ‘ufumu wofikira malekezero a dziko lapansi,’ wophatikizapo ufumu wonse wa anthu, ukuimiridwa ndi mtengo waukuluwo. Chotero umaimira uchifumu wa Yehova wa m’chilengedwe cha ponseponse, makamaka mokhudzana ndi dziko lapansi.—Danieli 4:17.

11. Kodi loto la mfumu linasonyeza motani kuti mfumuyo ikakumana ndi kusintha konyazitsa?

¹¹ Kusintha konyazitsa kunali kum’yembekezera Nebukadinezara. Ponena za chochitika chimenechi, Danieli anawonjeza kuti: “Kuti mfumu inaona mthenga woyera wotsika kumwamba, ndi kuti, Likhani mtengowo ndi kuuwononga, koma siyani chitsa chake ndi mizu m’nthaka, chomangidwa ndi mkombero wa chitsulo ndi mkuwa, mu msipu wa kuthengo, nichikhale chokhathamira ndi mame a kumwamba, ndi gawo lake likhala pamodzi ndi nyama za kuthengo, mpaka zitam’pitira nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri; kumasulira kwake ndi uku, mfumu; ndipo chilamuliro cha Wam’mwambamwamba chadzera mbuye wanga mfumu.” (Danieli 4:23, 24) Kunena zoona, panafunikira kulimba mtima pouza mfumu yamphamvu chotero uthenga ngati umenewu!

12. Kodi Nebukadinezara anali kudzaonekedwa zotani?

¹² Kodi Nebukadinezara anali kudzaonekedwa zotani? Tangoganizani mmene anamvera pamene Danieli anapitiriza kuti: “Adzakuingitsani kukuchotsani kwa anthu, ndi pokhala panu padzakhala pamodzi ndi nyama za kuthengo; ndipo mudzadya udzu ngati ng’ombe, nimudzakhala wokhathamira ndi mame a kumwamba, nizidzakupitirirani nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri, mpaka mudzadziŵa kuti Wam’mwambamwamba alamulira m’ufumu wa anthu, naupereka kwa aliyense Iye afuna mwini.” (Danieli 4:25) Mwachionekere, ngakhale nduna za m’bwalo la Nebukadinezara ‘zikamuingitsa kum’chotsa kwa anthu.’ Koma kodi iye akasamalidwa kumeneko ndi oweta ng’ombe kapena nkhosa achifundo? Ayi, pakuti Mulungu anali atalamula kuti Nebukadinezara akakhala pamodzi ndi “nyama za kuthengo,” ndi kudya udzu.

13. Kodi loto la mtengo linasonyeza kuti chikachitikira Nebukadinezara n’chiyani monga wolamulira wa dziko lonse?

¹³ Monga anaulikhira mtengo uja, Nebukadinezara akadulidwa paulamuliro wake wa dziko lonse koma kwa kanthaŵi chabe. Danieli anafotokoza kuti: “Kuti anauza asiye chitsa ndi mizu ya mtengo, ufumu wanu udzakhazikikira inu, mukakatha kudziŵa kuti Kumwamba kumalamulira.” (Danieli 4:26) M’loto la Nebukadinezara, chitsa cha mtengo wolikhidwawo anati achisiye, ngakhale kuti anachimanga kuti chisaphukire. Mofananamo, “chitsa” cha mfumu ya Babulo akachisiya, ngakhale kuti chikamangidwa kuti chisaphukirenso kwa “nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri.” Udindo wake monga wolamulira wa dziko lonse ukafanana ndi chitsa cha mtengo chomangidwa mikombero. Ukatetezedwa kufikira zitatha nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri. Yehova akaonetsetsa kuti panthaŵi yonseyo palibe aliyense amene akaloŵa m’malo mwa Nebukadinezara monga wolamulira wa Babulo, ngakhale kuti mwana wake Evili Merodaki akapitiriza m’malo mwake monga wolamulira wogwirizira.

14. Kodi Danieli analimbikitsa Nebukadinezara kuchitanji?

¹⁴ Malinga ndi zimene ananeneratu zokhudza Nebukadinezara, Danieli analimba mtima nalimbikitsa mfumuyo kuti: “Chifukwa chake, mfumu, kupangira kwanga kukomere inu, dulani machimo anu ndi kuchita chilungamo, ndi mphulupulu zanu mwa kuchitira aumphaŵi chifundo; kuti kapena nthaŵi ya mtendere wanu italike.” (Danieli 4:27) Ngati Nebukadinezara akanasiya njira yake yauchimo yopondereza anthu ndi kunyada, mwina zinthu zikanamuyendera bwino. Ndi iko komwe, zaka mazana aŵiri m’mbuyomo, Yehova anali atatsimikiza mtima kuti awononge anthu a m’Nineve, likulu la Asuri, koma sanatero chifukwa mfumu yawo ndi anthu akewo analapa. (Yona 3:4, 10; Luka 11:32) Bwanji nanga Nebukadinezara wonyadayo? Kodi iye anasintha njira zake?

KUKWANIRITSIDWA KOYAMBIRIRA KWA LOTOLO

15. (a) Kodi Nebukadinezara anapitirizabe kusonyeza mtima wotani? (b) Kodi zolemba zozokota zimavumbulanji ponena za ntchito za Nebukadinezara?

¹⁵ Nebukadinezara anakhalabe wokula mtima. Alikuyendayenda padenga la nyumba yake yachifumu, patapita miyezi 12 chilotereni mtengo uja, anadzitama akumati: “Suyu Babulo wamkulu ndinam’manga, akhale pokhala pachifumu, ndi mphamvu yanga yaikulu uoneke ulemerero wa chifumu changa?” (Danieli 4:28-30) Nimrode ndiye anayambitsa Babulo (Babele), koma Nebukadinezara anam’tukula ndi kum’kongoletsa. (Genesis 10:8-10) M’zolemba zake zina zozokota, iye amadzitama kuti: “Ine pano Nebukadinezara, Mfumu ya Babulo, wobwezeretsa Esagila ndi Ezida, Inetu mwana wa Nabopolasa. . . . Ndinalimbitsa malinga a Esagila ndi Babulo ndipo ndinakhazikitsa dzina la ufumu wanga kosatha.” (Archaeology and the Bible, lolembedwa ndi George A. Barton, mu 1949, masamba 478-9) Mawu ena ozokota amatchula akachisi pafupifupi 20 amene anawakonzanso kapena kumanga. Buku lotchedwa The World Book Encyclopedia limati: “Mu ulamuliro wa Nebukadinezara, Babulo anakhala umodzi mwa mizinda yokongola koposa m’dziko lamakedzana. M’zolemba zake, [Nebukadinezara] sanatchule kwambiri za zipambano zake pankhondo, koma analemba kwambiri za ntchito zake zomanga ndi kulambira kwake milungu ya Babulo. Mwinanso ndiye anamanga Minda Yamaluŵa Yolenjekeka ya Babulo, imene ndi chimodzi mwa Zozizwitsa Zisanu ndi Ziŵiri za Dziko Lamakedzana.”

16. Kodi Nebukadinezara anali pafupi kunyazitsidwa motani?

¹⁶ Ngakhale kuti anali wokula mtima chomwecho, Nebukadinezara wamatamayo anali pafupi kuti anyazitsidwe. Nkhani youziridwa imati: “Akali m’kamwa mwa mfumu mawu awa, anam’gwera mawu ochokera kumwamba, ndi kuti, Mfumu Nebukadinezara, anena kwa iwe: ufumu wakuchokera. Nadzakuinga kukuchotsa kwa anthu, ndi pokhala pako udzakhala pamodzi ndi nyama za kuthengo; adzakudyetsa udzu ngati ng’ombe; nizidzakupitirira nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri, mpaka udzadziŵa kuti Wam’mwambamwamba alamulira m’ufumu wa anthu, naupereka kwa aliyense Iye afuna mwini.”—Danieli 4:31, 32.

17. Kodi chinam’chitikira n’chiyani Nebukadinezara wonyadayo, ndipo posakhalitsa iye anapezeka m’mikhalidwe yotani?

¹⁷ Nthaŵi yomweyo Nebukadinezara anayaluka. Atamuingitsa pakati pa anthu, anakadya udzu “ngati ng’ombe.” Sikuti kumindako pakati pa nyama ankangokhala mu udzu wonga paradaiso, akumasangalala ndi kamphepo kayeziyezi tsiku ndi tsiku ayi. M’dziko la lerolino la Iraq, kumene kuli mabwinja a Babulo, kumatentha kwambiri mpaka 50 digiri Celsius m’miyezi ya m’chilimwe komanso kumazizira kwambiri mpaka madzi amaundana nthaŵi ya chisanu. Pokhala wosasamalidwa komanso m’nyengo ngati zimenezo, tsitsi lake lalitalilo ndi lopotana linaoneka ngati nthenga za chiwombankhanga, ndipo zikhadabo zake zosadulazo kuzala za kumanja ndi za kumapazi zimaoneka ngati zikhadabo za mbalame. (Danieli 4:33) Ha! Kunyazitsa kwake wolamulira wodzitama wa dziko lonse ameneyu!

18. M’kati mwa nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵirizo, kodi chinachitika n’chiyani ku mpando wachifumu wa Babulo?

¹⁸ M’loto la Nebukadinezara, mtengo waukuluwo unalikhidwa ndipo chitsa chake chinamangidwa ndi mikombero kuti chisaphukire kwa nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri. Mofananamo, Nebukadinezara ‘anatsitsidwa pa mpando wa ufumu wake’ pamene Yehova anam’kantha ndi misala. (Danieli 5:20) Kumeneku ndiko kunali kusintha mtima wa munthu wa mfumuyi ndi kuipatsa mtima wa ng’ombe. Komabe, Mulungu anasunga mpando wachifumu wa Nebukadinezara mpaka zitatha nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri. Mwina pamene Evili Merodaki anatumikira monga wolamulira bomalo wogwirizira, Danieli anatumikira monga ‘wolamulira dera lonse la ku Babulo, nakhalanso kazembe wamkulu wa anzeru onse a ku Babulo.’ Ahebri anzake atatuwo anapitiriza pamaudindo awo othandizana naye kuyang’anira deralo. (Danieli 1:11-19; 2:48, 49; 3:30) Akaidi anayiwo anayembekezera kuti Nebukadinezara adzachire misala yakeyo ndi kuti adzabwerere pampando wake wachifumu ataphunzira kuti “Wam’mwambamwamba alamulira m’ufumu wa anthu, naupereka kwa aliyense Iye afuna mwini.”

KUBWEZERETSEDWA KWA NEBUKADINEZARA

19. Yehova atachotsera Nebukadinezara misala yake, kodi mfumu yachibabuloyo inazindikira chiyani?

¹⁹ Yehova anachotsera Nebukadinezara misala yake pakutha kwa nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri. Ndiyeno mfumuyo polemekeza Mulungu Wam’mwambamwamba inati: “Atatha masiku awa tsono, ine Nebukadinezara ndinakweza maso anga kumwamba, ndi nzeru zanga zinandibwerera; ndipo ndinalemekeza Wam’mwambamwamba, ndi kum’yamika ndi kum’chitira ulemu Iye wokhala chikhalire; pakuti kulamulira kwake ndiko kulamulira kosatha, ndi ufumu wake ku mibadwomibadwo; ndi okhala padziko lapansi onse ayesedwa achabe; ndipo Iye achita mwa chifuniro chake m’khamu la kumwamba ndi mwa okhala padziko lapansi; ndipo palibe woletsa dzanja lake, kapena wakunena naye, Muchitanji?” (Danieli 4:34, 35) Inde, Nebukadinezara anazindikira kuti Wam’mwambamwambayo ndiyedi Wolamulira Wamkulu mu ufumu wa anthu.

20, 21. (a) Kodi kuchotsa mikombero yachitsulo ku chitsa cha mtengo kumafanana motani ndi zimene zinachitikira Nebukadinezara? (b) Kodi Nebukadinezara anazindikira chiyani, ndipo kodi zimenezo zinam’sintha kukhala wolambira Yehova?

²⁰ Nebukadinezara atabwerera pampando wake wachifumu, kunali ngati kuchotsa mikombero yachitsulo ku chitsa cha mtengo wa m’loto uja. Ponena za kubwezeretsedwa kwake, iye anati: “Nthaŵi yomweyi nzeru zanga zinandibwerera, ndi chifumu changa ndi kunyezimira kwanga zinandibwerera, kuti uonekenso ulemerero wa ufumu wanga; ndi mandoda anga ndi akulu anga anandifuna; ndipo ndinakhazikika m’ufumu wanga, Iye nandiwonjezeranso ukulu wochuluka.” (Danieli 4:36) Ngati panali nduna iliyonse ya m’bwalo la mfumu imene inanyoza mfumuyo pamene inkadwala misala, tsopano ‘inamufuna’ mogonjera kotheratu.

²¹ Ha! Kudabwitsa kwake “zizindikiro ndi zozizwa” zimene Mulungu Wam’mwambamwambayo anachita! N’chifukwa chake sitiyenera kudabwa pamene mfumu ya Babulo yobwezeretsedwayo inati: “Tsono ine Nebukadinezara ndiyamika, ndi kukuza, ndi kulemekeza Mfumu ya Kumwamba, pakuti ntchito zake zonse n’zoona, ndi njira zake chiweruzo; ndi oyenda m’kudzikuza kwawo, Iye akhoza kuwachepetsa.” (Danieli 4:2, 37) Komabe, kuzindikira kumeneko sikunasinthe Nebukadinezara Wakunjayo kuti akhale wolambira Yehova.

KODI PALI UMBONI WA M’MBIRI YAKALE?

22. Kodi ena anena kuti misala ya Nebukadinezara inali nthenda yanji, koma kodi tiyenera kudziŵanji ponena za gwero la misala yake?

²² Ena anena kuti misala ya Nebukadinezara inachititsidwa ndi nthenda yoona ngati ndiwe nyama yotchedwa lycanthropy. Dikishonale ina ya zamatenda imati: “[Liwu lakuti] LYCANTHROPY . . . linatengedwa ku [lyʹkos], lupus, mmbulu; [anʹthro·pos], homo, munthu. Liwu limeneli linakhala dzina la nthenda imene imagwira anthu amene amakhulupirira kuti asanduka nyama, ndipo amatsanzira mawu ndi makhalidwe a nyamayo. Anthu ameneŵa kaŵirikaŵiri amaganiza kuti asanduka mmbulu, galu kapena mphaka; nthaŵi zinanso ng’ombe, monga zinakhalira kwa Nebukadinezara.” (Dictionnaire des sciences médicales, par une société de médicins et de chirurgiens, Paris, 1818, Voliyumu 29, tsamba 246) Zizindikiro za nthenda yoona ngati ndiwe nyama imeneyo n’zofanana ndi za misala ya Nebukadinezara. Komabe, popeza misala yake inali yochititsidwa ndi Mulungu, singafanane kwenikweni ndi nthenda iliyonse yodziŵika kwa munthu.

23. Kodi pali umboni wotani wa m’mbiri yakale wosonyeza kuti Nebukadinezara anadwaladi misala?

²³ Katswiri wina wa zamaphunziro John E. Goldingay anatchula maumboni angapo a misala ya Nebukadinezara ndi kuchiritsidwa kwake. Mwachitsanzo, iye anati: “Gawo lina la mawu ozokota limatchula nthenda ya maganizo ya Nebukadinezara, ndiponso mwina kunyanyala kwake ndi kutuluka m’Babulo.” Goldingay anatchula chikalata chotchedwa “Yobu wa ku Babulo” ndipo anati “chimachitira umboni za zilango zoperekedwa ndi Mulungu, nthenda, kunyazitsidwa, kufuna wom’masulira loto loopsa, kudulidwa ngati mtengo, kuingitsidwa kunja, kudya udzu, kusiya kuganiza, kukhala ngati ng’ombe, kuvumbidwa mvula ndi Maduki, zikhadabo zake kutalika ndi kupotoka, tsitsi lake kukula, ndi kumangidwa unyolo, ndiyeno kuchira kumene anatamanda nako mulungu.”

NTHAŴI ZISANU NDI ZIŴIRI ZOTIKHUDZA

24. (a) Kodi mtengo waukulu wa m’lotolo umaimira chiyani? (b) Kodi n’chiyani chinaimitsidwa kwa nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri, ndipo zinachitika motani?

²⁴ Monga mtengo waukuluwo, Nebukadinezara anaimira ulamuliro wa dziko lonse. Koma kumbukirani, mtengowo umaimira ulamuliro ndi ufumu waukulu kuposa uja wa mfumu ya Babulo. Umaimira ufumu wa Yehova wa m’chilengedwe cha ponseponse, “Mfumu ya Kumwamba,” makamaka mokhudzana ndi dziko lapansi. Yerusalemu asanawonongedwe ndi Ababulo, ufumu wokhazikitsidwa mumzindawo, wolamulidwa ndi Davide kenako om’lowa m’malo ake “pa mpando wachifumu wa Yehova,” unaimira ufumu wa Mulungu padziko lapansi. (1 Mbiri 29:23) Mulungu mwiniyo analola kuti ufumuwo ulikhidwe ndi kumangidwa mikombero mu 607 B.C.E. pamene anagwiritsa ntchito Nebukadinezara kuwononga Yerusalemu. Ufumu waumulungu padziko lapansi kudzera mumzera wa Davide unaimitsidwa kwa nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri. Kodi nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵirizo zinali utali wotani? Kodi zinayamba liti, ndipo chizindikiro cha kutha kwake chinali chiyani?

25, 26. (a) M’chochitika cha Nebukadinezara, kodi “nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri” zinali utali wotani, ndipo n’chifukwa chiyani mukuyankha motero? (b) M’kukwaniritsidwa kwake kwakukulu, kodi “nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri” zimenezo zinayamba liti ndipo motani?

²⁵ M’nthaŵi imene Nebukadinezara anali wamisala, “tsitsi lake lidamera ngati nthenga za chiwombankhanga ndi makadabo ake ngati makadabo a mbalame.” (Danieli 4:33) Nthaŵi imeneyi inali yoposa masiku asanu ndi aŵiri kapena milungu isanu ndi iŵiri. Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana amatchula “nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri,” ndipo ena amati “nthaŵi zoikika (zotsimikizika)” kapena “nyengo za nthaŵi.” (Danieli 4:16, 23, 25, 32) Baibulo lina la Chigiriki Chakale (Septuagint) limati “zaka zisanu ndi ziŵiri.” Josephus, katswiri wa mbiri yakale wachiyuda wa m’zaka za zana loyamba anaona “nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri” zimenezo kukhala “zaka zisanu ndi ziŵiri.” (Antiquities of the Jews, Buku 10, Mutu 10, ndime 6) Ndipo akatswiri ena achihebri aonanso “nthaŵi” zimenezi kukhala “zaka.” Mabaibulo otchedwa American Translation, Today’s English Version, ndi la James Moffatt, onse amatchula “zaka zisanu ndi ziŵiri.”

²⁶ Mwachionekere, “nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri” za Nebukadinezara zinali zaka zisanu ndi ziŵiri. Mu ulosi chaka chimakhala ndi masiku 360, kapena miyezi yokwanira 12, uliwonse wa masiku 30. (Yerekezani ndi Chivumbulutso 12:6, 14) Choncho “nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri” za mfumuyo, kapena zaka zisanu ndi ziŵiri, zinali masiku 360 kuchulukitsa ndi 7, kapena masiku 2,520. Koma bwanji za kukwaniritsidwa kwakukulu kwa loto lakelo? “Nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri” zaulosizo zinali zoposa masiku 2,520. Zimenezi zinaonekera m’mawu a Yesu pamene anati: “Akunja adzapondereza [Yerusalemu] kufikira kuti nthaŵi zawo za anthu akunja zakwanira.” (Luka 21:24) ‘Kupondereza’ kumeneko kunayamba mu 607 B.C.E. pamene Yerusalemu anawonongedwa ndipo ufumu wa Mulungu wophiphiritsawo unaleka kugwira ntchito ku Yuda. Kodi kuponderezako kunali kudzatha liti? Pa “nthaŵi zakukonzanso zinthu zonse,” pamene ufumu wa Mulungu ukayambanso kugwira ntchito kulinga ku dziko lapansi kudzera m’Yerusalemu wophiphiritsa, Ufumu wa Mulungu.—Machitidwe 3:21.

27. N’chifukwa chiyani munganene kuti “nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri” zimene zinayamba mu 607 B.C.E. sizinathe patapita masiku enieni 2,520?

²⁷ Kuti tiŵerenge masiku enieni 2,520 kuyambira pa kuwonongedwa kwa Yerusalemu mu 607 B.C.E., amangotifikitsa mu 600 B.C.E., chaka chopanda tanthauzo lapadera m’Malemba. Ngakhale mu 537 B.C.E., pamene Ayuda omasulidwawo anabwerera kwawo ku Yuda, ufumu wa Yehova unali usanaonekere padziko lapansi. Zinali choncho chifukwa Zerubabele, woloŵa mpando wachifumu wa Davide, sanaikidwe monga mfumu ya Yuda, koma monga bwanamkubwa wa chigawo cha Perisiya cha Yuda.

28. (a) Ndi kaŵerengedwe kotani kamene tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito poŵerenga masiku 2,520 a “nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri” zaulosi? (b) Kodi “nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri” zaulosizo zinali utali wotani, ndipo zinayamba liti ndi kutha liti?

²⁸ Popeza kuti “nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri” n’zaulosi, tiyenera kuŵerenga masiku 2,520 motsatira kaŵerengedwe ka m’Malemba: “Tsiku limodzi ngati chaka chimodzi.” Kaŵerengedwe kameneka kanaperekedwa paulosi wonena za kuzingidwa kwa Yerusalemu ndi Ababulo. (Ezekieli 4:6, 7; yerekezani ndi Numeri 14:34.) Chotero “nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri” zimene Akunja akalamulira dziko lapansi mosadodometsedwa ndi Ufumu wa Mulungu zinali zaka 2,520. Zinayamba pamene anawononga Yuda ndi Yerusalemu m’mwezi wachisanu ndi chiŵiri woyendera mwezi (Tishri 15) mu 607 B.C.E. (2 Mafumu 25:8, 9, 25, 26) Kuchokera panthaŵiyo mpaka pa 1 B.C.E. panapita zaka 606. Zaka zotsalazo 1,914 zimayambira pamenepo mpaka mu 1914 C.E. Choncho, “nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri,” kapena zaka 2,520, zinathera pa Tishri 15, kapena pa October 4/5, 1914 C.E.

29. Kodi “wodzichepetsa mwa anthu onse” ndani, ndipo Yehova anachitanji kuti am’khazike pampando wachifumu?

²⁹ M’chaka chimenecho “nthaŵi zawo za anthu akunja” zinakwanira, ndipo Mulungu anapereka ufumu kwa “wodzichepetsa mwa anthu onse”—Yesu Kristu—amene adani ake anamuona kukhala wotsika kwambiri moti mpaka anam’pachika. (Danieli 4:17, NW) Kuti akhazike Mfumu Yaumesiyayo pampando wachifumu, Yehova anamasula mikombero yophiphiritsa yachitsulo ndi yamkuwa ku “chitsa” cha ufumu wake. Motero, Mulungu Wam’mwambamwambayo analola “mphukira” kutuluka pachitsapo monga woimira ulamuliro wa Mulungu wokhudzana ndi dziko lapansi kudzera mu Ufumu wakumwamba wokhala m’manja mwa Woloŵa Nyumba wa Davide Wamkulu koposa, Yesu Kristu. (Yesaya 11:1, 2; Yobu 14:7-9; Ezekieli 21:27) Tikum’yamikira kwambiri Yehova kaamba ka madalitso otsatirapo ngati ameneŵa, komanso potivumbulira chinsinsi cha mtengo waukuluwo!

KODI MWAZINDIKIRA CHIYANI?

• Kodi mtengo waukulu wa m’loto la Nebukadinezara unaimira chiyani?

• Kodi Nebukadinezara anaonekedwa zotani pakukwaniritsidwa koyamba kwa loto lake la mtengo?

• Loto lake litakwaniritsidwa, kodi Nebukadinezara anazindikira chiyani?

• Pakukwaniritsidwa kwakukulu kwa loto la mtengo, kodi “nthaŵi zisanu ndi ziŵiri” zinali utali wotani, ndipo zinayamba liti ndi kutha liti?

[Chithunzi Chachikulu patsamba 83]

[Chithunzi Chachikulu patsamba 91]