Mafunso Ochokera kwa Oŵerenga

◼ Kodi mawu a Yesu pa Mateyu 11:24 amatanthauza kuti awo amene Yehova anawawononga ndi moto mu Sodomu ndi Gomora adzawukitsidwa?

M’kuyankha mowona mtima ku funso limeneli kwa zaka, takambitsirana mawu a Yesu a pa Mateyu 10:14, 15; 11:20-24; ndi Luka 10:13-15. Kubwereramo kwa posachedwapa kwa ichi kumalingalira kuti maversi amenewa safunika kutengedwa monga ziganizo zonena za mtsogolo kaamba ka anthu a Sodomu/​Gomora. Tisanasanthule ndemanga zina za Baibulo ponena za anthu owonongedwa m’mizinda imeneyo, tiyeni tilingalire chimene Yesu ananena.

Pamene anali mu Galileya, Yesu “anato[nza] mizindayo mu imene zinachitidwa zambiri za ntchito za mphamvu zake chifukwa kuti siinatembenuke.” Iye anatchula itatu: “Tsoka kwa iwe, Korazini! Tsoka kwa iwe, Betsaida! chifukwa ngati zamphamvu zimene zinachitika mwa inu zikadachitika m’Turo ndi Sidoni, akadatembenuka mtima kalekale . . . Chidzakhala chopiririka kwa Turo ndi Sidoni pa Tsiku la Chiŵeruzo kuposa inu. Ndipo iwe, Kapernao, udzakwezedwa kodi kufikira ku thambo? Udzatsika kufikira ku Hades; chifukwa ngati ntchito zamphamvu zimene zachitidwa mwa iwe zikadachitidwa mu Sodomu, iye akadakhala kufikira lero. . . . Chidzakhala chopiririka kwa dziko la Sodomu pa Tsiku la Chiŵeruzo kuposa iwe.” (Mateyu 11:20-24, NW) Yesu anapanga ndemanga zofananazo pamene anali kutumiza ophunzira 12 kukalalikira, ndipo pambuyo pake 70.​—Mateyu 10:14, 15; Luka 10:13-15.

Isanafike 1964, tinatenga maversi amenewa kutanthauza kuti anthu a ku Korazini, Betsaida, ndi Kapernao anayenera chiwonongeko chotheratu. Ngakhale kuli tero, nkhani za mu Nsanja ya Olonda mu 1964 ndi 1965 zinachimveketsa icho kuti onse amene ali mu Hades, kapena Sheol, (manda wamba a mtundu wa anthu) adzatuluka ku chiwukiriro ndipo pambuyo pake ‘adzaŵeruzidwa molingana ndi zochita zawo.’​—Chivumbulutso 20:13.

Nkhani zimenezo zinalingaliranso kuti: Mateyu 11:23 ndi Luka 10:15 amanena kuti Kapernao sadzakwezedwa kufika kumwamba koma adzabweretsedwa “ku Hades,” amene, mwapang’ono, amalingalira kutsitsidwa kwa anthu a mu mzinda umenewo. Mu ndime imodzimodziyo, Yesu anatchula Turo ndi Sidoni wakale. Mogwirizana ndi Ezekieli 32:21, 30, anthu a Sidoni, omwe anatsutsidwa ndi Mulungu, anapita ku Sheol. (Yesaya 23:1-9, 14-18; Ezekieli 27:2-8) Popeza Yesu anayerekeza Turo/​Sidoni ndi Sodomu, chimenecho chimasonyeza kuti anthu a Sodomu analinso mu Sheol.

Kusanthulanso kwa Mateyu 11:20-24, ngakhale kuli tero, kwabweretsa funso kuti kaya Yesu anali kukamba ponena za chiŵeruzo chotheratu ndi chiwukiriro. Nsonga yake inali yakuti anali osavomereza chotani nanga anthu a mu Korazini, Betsaida, ndi Kapernao ndipo chinali chosakaikirika chotani nanga kuti iwo angasinthe ngakhale mu Tsiku la Chiŵeruzo. Akumanena kuti “kudzakhala kopiririka” kwa Turo/​Sidoni ndi Sodomu/​Gomora “pa Tsiku la Chiŵeruzo” unali mtundu wa kunena monkitsa (kunena monkitsa kuti agogomezere nsonga) kumene Yesu sanafunikire kutengedwa kukhala akutanthauza zenizeni, osati mosiyana ndi mawu onkitsa a zithunzithunzi amene iye anagwiritsira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo:

“Kuti kumwamba ndi dziko lapansi zichoke nkwapafupi, koma kuti kalembo kakang’ono ka chilamulo kagwe nkwapatali.” “Kumwamba ndi dziko lapansi zidzapita, koma mawu anga sadzapita.” (Luka 16:17; 21:33; Mateyu 5:18; yerekezani ndi Ahebri 1:10-12.) Tikudziŵa kuti kumwamba kwenikweni ndi dziko lapansi lenileni sizidzachoka. (Masalmo 78:69; 104:5; Mlaliki 1:4) Yesu ananenanso kuti: “Nkwapafupi kuti ngamira ipyole diso la singano kuposa kuti mwini chuma alowe mu ufumu wa Mulungu.” (Marko 10:25) Ndithudi, Yesu sanatanthauze kuti palibe munthu wachuma amene akakhala wophunzira; ena m’zana loyamba anakhala Akristu odzozedwa. (1 Timoteo 6:17-19) Kugwiritsira ntchito kwa Yesu kwa mawu onkitsa kunali kugogomezera kuti chinali chovuta chotani kwa munthu wachuma kuika Mulungu patsogolo pa chuma chakuthupi ndi zosangalatsa.​—Luka 12:15-21.

Chotero, kunena kwa Yesu kuti ‘chikakhala chopiririka pa Tsiku la Chiŵeruzo kwa Turo kapena Sodomu’ m’chenicheni sichinatanthauze kuti anthu amenewo akakhalapo pa Tsiku la Chiŵeruzo. Iye angakhale kokha anali kugogomezera kuti ndimosavomereza chotani ndipo ndi aupandu chotani nanga mmene analiri ambiri mu Korazini, Betsaida, ndi Kapernao. Tikunena kuti ambiri chifukwa ena mu Kapernao analandira Kristu. (Marko 1:29-31; Luka 4:38, 39) Komabe, m’chenicheni mizinda imeneyo inamukana iye. Ena a nzika zake, mofanana ndi alembi ndi Afarisi, angakhale anachimwa molimbana ndi mzimu woyera, kaamba ka chimene chikhululukiro chiri chosatheka ngakhale ‘m’dongosolo la zinthu lirinkudza.’ Anthu amenewo amapita ku Gehena.​—Mateyu 12:31, 32; 23:33.

Pambali pa mawu a Yesu pa nsongayi, Ezekieli 32:21, 30 amatiwuza ife kuti anthu akunja a Turo/​Sidoni wakale ali mu Sheol; chotero iwo ali mu mzere wa chiwukiriro. Bwanji, chotero, ponena za nzika za “dziko la Sodomu pa Tsiku la Chiŵeruzo”? Chenicheni chakuti Yesu anayerekeza Sidoni ndi Sodomu sichimakhazikitsa ziyembekezo za mtsogolo za oipa amenewo amene Mulungu anawawononga ndi sulufure ndi moto. Koma tiyeni tiwone china chimene Baibulo limanena pa funsolo.

Imodzi ya ndemanga yachindunji koposa iri mu Yuda 7. Yuda anali atangolankhula za (1) Aisrayeli owonongedwa kaamba ka kusoweka kwa chikhulupiriro, ndi (2) angelo omwe anachimwa ndipo ‘anasungidwa m’ndende zosatha kufikira chiŵeruziro cha tsiku lalikulu.’ Kenaka Yuda analemba kuti: “Monga Sodomu ndi Gomora . . . iyikidwa chitsanzo pa kuchitidwa chilango cha moto wosatha.” Lemba limeneli lagwiritsidwa ntchito ku mizinda yeniyeni kukhala ikuwonongedwa kosatha, osati anthu. Ngakhale kuli tero, m’chiyang’aniro cha Yuda 5 ndi 6, mwachiwonekere anthu ambiri akatenga versi 7 kutanthauza chilango cha chiŵeruzo cha munthu aliyense payekha. (Mofananamo, Mateyu 11:20-24 angamvedwe kukhala akusuliza anthu, osati miyala kapena nyumba.) M’chiwunikiro cha ichi, Yuda 7 akatanthauza kuti anthu oipa a Sodomu/​Gomora anaŵeruzidwa ndi kuwonongedwa kotheratu.a

Tikumayang’ana kwinakwake, timapeza icho kukhala choyenera kuti koposa kamodzi Baibulo limagwirizanitsa Chigumula ndi Sodomu/​Gomora. M’mawu ozungulira lemba otani?

Pamene anafunsidwa ponena za “mapeto a dongosolo la kachitidwe ka zinthu,” Yesu ananeneratu kudza kwa “mapeto” ndi “chisautso chachikulu monga sipadakhale chotero kuyambira chiyambi cha dziko.” (Mateyu 24:3, 14, 21) Iye anapitiriza kulankhula za “masiku a Nowa” ndi chimene “chinawoneka m’masiku a Loti” kukhala zitsanzo za anthu omwe sanazindikire za chenjezo lonena za kudza kwa chiwonongeko. Yesu anawonjezera kuti: “Momwemo kudzakhala tsiku la kuvumbuluka Mwana wamunthu.” (Luka 17:26-30; yerekezani ndi Mateyu 24:36-39.) Kodi Yesu anali kuchitira chitsanzo kokha mkhalidwe, kapena kodi mawu ozungulira lemba m’limene anagwiritsira ntchito zitsanzo zimenezo analingalira kuti ziŵeruzo zosatha zikuphatikizidwapo?

Pambuyo pake, Petro analemba ponena za ziŵeruzo za Mulungu ndi kulanga Kwake awo oyenera icho. Kenaka Petro anagwiritsira ntchito zitsanzo ziŵiri: Angelo omwe anachimwa, dziko lakale la nthaŵi ya Nowa, ndi awo omwe anawonongedwa mu Sodomu/​Gomora. Chomaliziracho, Petro ananena kuti, ‘chinakhazikitsa chitsanzo kaamba ka anthu opanda umulungu za zinthu zomwe zirinkudza.’ (2 Petro 2:4-9) Pambuyo pake, iye anayerekeza chiwonongeko chimene anthu anavutika nacho mu Chigumula ndi kudza kwa “tsiku la chiŵeruziro ndi chiwonongeko cha anthu opanda umulungu.” Chimenecho chiri kutsogolo kwa miyamba yatsopano ndi dziko lapansi latsopano zolonjezedwa.​—2 Petro 3:5-13.

Mofananamo, pa mapeto a dongosolo iri la kachitidwe ka zinthu loipa, kodi awo amene Mulungu awaŵeruza akhala ndi chiŵeruzo chomalizira? Chimenecho ndi chimene chikusonyezedwa ndi 2 Atesalonika 1:6-9: “Popeza nkolungama kwa Mulungu kubwezera chisautso kwa iwo akuchitira inu chisautso, koma, kwa inu akumva chisautso, mpumulo pamodzi ndi ife pa vumbulutso la Ambuye Yesu wochokera kumwamba pamodzi ndi angelo ake amphamvu m’lawi lamoto, ndi kubwezera chilango kwa iwo osadziŵa Mulungu ndi osamvera uthenga wabwino wa Ambuye wathu Yesu. Amene adamva chilango ndicho chiwonongeko chosatha chowasiyanitsa ku nkhope ya Ambuye, ndi ku ulemerero wa mphamvu yake.”

Pali kufanana kosangalatsa m’kagwiritsidwe ka mawu pakati pa kalongosoledwe kameneka ndi chimene Yuda ananena kuti chinachitika m’nkhani ya Sodomu. M’kuwonjezerapo, Mateyu 25:31-46 ndi Chivumbulutso 19:11-21 amasonyeza kuti “mbuzi” zodulidwa mu nkhondo ikudzayo ya Mulungu zidzakumana ndi “kudulidwa kosatha” mu “nyanja ya moto,” imene imaphiphiritsira kuchotsedwa kotheratu.b​—Chivumbulutso 20:10, 14.

Mofananamo, m’kuwonjezera ku chimene Yuda 7 amanena, Baibulo likugwiritsira ntchito Sodomu/​Gomora ndi Chigumula monga zitsanzo kaamba ka kutha kowononga kwa dongosolo loipa la kachitidwe ka zinthu liripoli. Chiri chodziŵikiratu, chotero, kuti awo amene Mulungu anawononga m’ziŵeruzo zapapitapo zimenezo anakumana ndi chiwonongeko chosakhoza kubwereranso. Ndithudi, aliyense wa ife angatsimikizire chimenecho mwa kutsimikizira kwake kukhala wokhulupirika kwa Yehova tsopano. M’njira imeneyo tidzayenerera kukhala ndi moyo m’dziko latsopano kudzawona awo amene iye adzawawukitsa ndi awo amene iye sadzatero. Tikudziŵa kuti ziŵeruzo zake ziri zangwiro. Elihu anatitsimikizira ife kuti: “Nkutali ndi Mulungu kuchita choipa, ndi Wamphamvuyonse sangaipsye mlandu.”​—Yobu 34:10, 12.

[Mawu a M’munsi]