“Kodi Nchiyani Chidzakhala Chizindikiro cha Kukhalapo Kwanu”?
“Kodi zinthu izi zidzachitika liti, ndipo kodi nchiyani chidzakhala chizindikiro cha kukhalapo kwanu ndi cha mapeto a dongosolo la zinthu?”—MATEYU 24:3, NW.
1, 2. Kodi nchiyani chimene chimasonyeza kuti anthu amafuna kudziŵa za mtsogolo?
ANTHU ambiri amafuna kudziŵa za mtsogolo. Kodi inuyo mumatero? M’buku lake lakuti Future Shock, Profesa Alvin Toffler ananena za “kufalikira kwamwadzidzidzi kwa magulu odzipereka kupenda za mtsogolo.” Anawonjezera kuti: ‘Taona kupangidwa kwa magulu olingalira za mtsogolo; kuyambika kwa magazini onena za mtsogolo ku England, France, Italy, Germany ndi United States; kufalikira kwa makosi a payunivesite oneneratu za mtsogolo.’ Toffler anamaliza kuti: “Ndithudi, palibe amene akhoza ‘kudziŵa’ kotheratu za mtsogolo.”
2 Buku lakuti Signs of Things to Come limati: “Kupenda zikhato, kupenda za mtsogolo mwa kuyang’ana mpira wagalasi, kupenda nyenyezi, kuombedza, [kugwiritsira ntchito buku lowombedzera lotchedwa] I Ching zonsezo ndinjira zocholoŵana kapena zosacholoŵana zotiuza kanthu kena ponena za mtsogolo mwathu.” Koma mmalo motembenukira kunjira zaumunthu, tingachite bwino kwambiri kuyang’ana kumagwero otsimikizirika—Yehova.
3. Kodi nchifukwa ninji kuli koyenera kuyang’ana kwa Mulungu kaamba ka chidziŵitso cha mtsogolo?
3 Mulungu wowona anati: “Ndithu monga ndaganiza, chotero chidzachitidwa; ndipo monga ndapanga uphungu, chotero chidzakhala.” (Yesaya 14:24, 27; 42:9) Inde, Yehova wakhoza kuuza mtundu wa anthu zimene zidzachitika, kaŵirikaŵiri akumatero kupyolera mwa omlankhulira aumunthu. Mmodzi wa aneneri ameneŵa analemba kuti: “Yehova sadzachita kanthu osaulula chinsinsi chake kwa atumiki ake aneneri.”—Amosi 3:7, 8; 2 Petro 1:20, 21.
4, 5. (a) Kodi nchifukwa ninji Yesu angathandize ponena za mtsogolo? (b) Kodi ndifunso lambali zambiri lotani limene atumwi ake anafunsa?
4 Yesu Kristu anali mneneri wamkulu wa Mulungu. (Ahebri 1:1, 2) Tiyeni tsopano tisumike maganizo pa umodzi wa maulosi aakulu a Yesu umene umaneneratu zinthu zimene tikuona zikuchitika tsopano lino. Ulosi umenewu umatipatsanso chidziŵitso cha zimene zidzachitika posachedwapa pamene dongosolo loipa lino la zinthu lidzatha ndipo Mulungu achita kuti liloŵedwe mmalo ndi paradaiso wa padziko lapansi.
5 Yesu anasonyeza umboni wotsimikizira kuti analidi mneneri. (Marko 6:4; Luka 13:33; 24:19; Yohane 4:19; 6:14; 9:17) Chotero, nzomvekera kuti atumwi ake, ali khale pansi limodzi naye pa Phiri la Azitona Yerusalemu akuonekera m’munsi mwake, anamfunsa za mtsogolo kuti: “Kodi zinthu izi zidzachitika liti, ndipo kodi nchiyani chidzakhala chizindikiro cha kukhalapo kwanu ndi cha mapeto a dongosolo la zinthu?”—Mateyu 24:3, NW; Marko 13:4.
6. Kodi ndikugwirizana kotani komwe kulipo pakati pa Mateyu 24, Marko 13, ndi Luka 21; ndipo kodi ndifunso liti limene liyenera kutichititsa chidwi kwambiri?
6 Mudzapeza funso lawo ndi yankho la Yesu m’Mateyu chaputala 24, Marko chaputala 13, ndi Luka chaputala 21.a M’mbali zambiri nkhanizi zimagwirizana, koma sizofanana m’zonse. Mwachitsanzo, ndi Luka yekha amene amatchula za “miliri m’malo akutiakuti.” (Luka 21:10, 11; Mateyu 24:7; Marko 13:8) Moyenerera, tiyenera kufunsa kuti, Kodi Yesu anali kulosera za zochitika za m’moyo wa omvetsera ake okha, kapena kodi anaphatikizapo nthaŵi yathu ndi zimene zili mtsogolo mwathu?
Atumwi Anafuna Kudziŵa
7. Kodi atumwiwo kwenikweni anafunsa za chiyani, koma kodi yankho la Yesu linaphatikizapo chiyani?
7 Masiku oŵerengeka iye asanaphedwe, Yesu analengeza kuti Mulungu anakana Yerusalemu, likulu la Ayuda. Mzindawo ndi kachisi wake wamkulu ukawonongedwa. Ndiyeno atumwi ena anafunsa za ‘chizindikiro cha kukhalapo kwa Yesu ndi mapeto a dongosolo la zinthu.’ (Mateyu 23:37–24:3) Ndithudi, iwo kwakukulukulu anali kulingalira za dongosolo Lachiyuda ndi Yerusalemu, chifukwa sanazindikire ukulu wa zochitika zimene zinali mtsogolo. Koma powayankha Yesu anali kuganiza zoposa zimene zinachitika podzafika mu 70 C.E. ndi zochitika m’chakacho pamene Aroma anawononga Yerusalemu.—Luka 19:11; Machitidwe 1:6, 7.
8. Kodi zina za zochitika zimene Yesu ananeneratu zinali zotani?
8 Monga momwe mungaŵerengere m’nkhani zitatuzo za Mauthenga Abwino, Yesu analankhula za kuukirana kwa mtundu ndi mtundu wina ndi ufumu ndi ufumu wina, njala, zivomezi, zinthu zowopsa, ndi zizindikiro za kumwamba. M’zaka za pakati pa nthaŵi imene Yesu anaperekera chizindikiro chimenecho (33 C.E.) ndi kupasulidwa kwa Yerusalemu (66-70 C.E.), akabuka aneneri onyenga ndi Akristu onama. Ayuda akazunza Akristu, amene anali kulalikira uthenga wa Yesu.
9. Kodi ulosi wa Yesu unakwaniritsidwa motani m’zaka za zana loyamba C.E.?
9 Mbali zimenezi za chizindikirocho zinachitikadi, monga momwe wolemba mbiri Flavius Josephus akutsimikizirira. Iye analemba kuti Aroma asanaukire nkomwe, Amesiya onama anasonkhezera chipanduko. M’Yudeya ndi kumalo ena kunali zivomezi zowopsa. Nkhondo zinaulika m’mbali zosiyanasiyana za ufumu wa Roma. Kodi kunali njala yaikulu? Inde ndithudi. (Yerekezerani ndi Machitidwe 11:27-30.) Kodi bwanji za ntchito yolalikira Ufumu? Pofika mu 60 kapena 61 C.E., pamene buku la Akolose linalembedwa, “chiyembekezo cha uthenga wabwino” wa Ufumu wa Mulungu chinamvedwa mofala mu Afrika, Asia, ndi Ulaya.b—Akolose 1:23.
“POMWEPO” Chimaliziro
10. Kodi nchifukwa ninji tiyenera kuzindikira liwu Lachigiriki lakuti toʹte, ndipo limatanthauzanji?
10 M’mbali zina Yesu anafotokoza zochitikazo kukhala zikuchitika motsatizana. Iye anati: “Uthenga uwu wabwino wa ufumu udzalalikidwa . . . ndipo pomwepo chidzafika chimaliziro.” Kaŵirikaŵiri Mabaibulo a m’Chingelezi amagwiritsira ntchito liwulo “pomwepo” ndi tanthauzo losavuta lakuti “chotero” kapena “koma.” (Marko 4:15, 17; 13:23) Komabe, pa Mateyu 24:14, “pomwepo” ndiliwu lozikidwa pa adiverebu Yachigiriki yakuti toʹte.c Akatswiri Achigiriki amanena kuti liwu lakuti toʹte ndilo “adiverebu yosonyeza nthaŵi” yogwiritsiridwa ntchito “kudziŵikitsa chimene chikutsatira nthaŵiyo” kapena “kudziŵikitsa chochikitika chotsatirapo.” Chotero Yesu analosera kuti pakakhala kulalikidwa kwa Ufumu ndipo pomwepo (‘pambuyo pake’ kapena ‘ndiyeno’) chidzafika “chimaliziro.” Chimaliziro chiti?
11. Kodi ndimotani mmene Yesu anasumikira maganizo pazochitika zogwirizana mwachindunji ndi chiwonongeko cha Yerusalemu?
11 Kukwaniritsidwa kumodzi kwa ulosi wa Yesu kunali m’zochitika zofikitsa kumapeto a dongosolo Lachiyuda. Nkhondo, zivomezi, njala, ndi zinthu zina, zimene Yesu ananeneratu zinachitika m’nyengo ya zaka makumi atatu. Komabe, kuyambira pa Mateyu 24:15, Marko 13:14, ndi Luka 21:20, timaŵerenga za zochitika zimene zinali zogwirizana mwachindunji ndi chiwonongeko chimene chinayandikira, pamene mapeto anali pakhomo penipeni.—Onani mzera umodzi wodukizadukiza patchati.
12. Kodi magulu ankhondo Achiroma analoŵetsedwa motani m’kukwaniritsidwa kwa Mateyu 24:15?
12 Pochitapo kanthu pa chipanduko cha Ayuda mu 66 C.E., Aroma otsogozedwa ndi Cestius Gallus anaguba notsutsana ndi Yerusalemu, akumazinga mzinda umenewo umene Ayuda analingalira kukhala wopatulika. (Mateyu 5:35) Mosasamala kanthu za kubwezera kwa Ayuda, Aromawo anachita zamphamvu naloŵa mumzindamo. Motero iwo anayamba ‘kuima m’malo oyera,’ monga momwe Yesu analoserera pa Mateyu 24:15 ndi Marko 13:14. Ndiyeno chinthu china chodabwitsa chinachitika. Ngakhale kuti anali atazinga mzindawo, Aromawo anachoka mwadzidzidzi. Akristu anazindikira pomwepo za kukwaniritsidwa kwa ulosi wa Yesu, ndipo kuchokako kunawalola kuthaŵa kuchoka m’Yudeya kumka kumapiri akutsidya lina la Yordano. Mbiri imasonyeza kuti anatero.
13. Kodi nchifukwa ninji Akristu anakhoza kulabadira chenjezo la Yesu la kuthaŵa?
13 Koma, ngati Aromawo anali atachoka ku Yerusalemu, kodi nchifukwa ninji aliyense anafunikira kuthaŵa? Mawu a Yesu anasonyeza kuti zimene zinachitikazo zinali umboni wakuti ‘chipululutso cha Yerusalemu chinayandikira.’ (Luka 21:20) Inde, chipululutso. Iye ananeneratu za ‘chisautso chachikulu chonga chimene sichinayambe chakhalako kuyambira pachiyambi ndipo sichikakhalanso.’ Pafupifupi zaka zitatu ndi theka pambuyo pake, mu 70 C.E., Yerusalemu anakumanadi ndi ‘chisautso chachikulu’ chochokera kumagulu ankhondo Achiroma otsogozedwa ndi Kazembe Titus. (Mateyu 24:21; Marko 13:19) Koma, kodi nchifukwa ninji Yesu analongosola chimenechi kukhala chisautso chachikulu kuposa chilichonse chimene chinachitikapo pasadakhale kapena kufikira lerolino?
14. Kodi nchifukwa ninji tinganene kuti chimene chinachitikira Yerusalemu mu 70 C.E. chinali ‘chisautso chachikulu’ chimene sichinachitikepo kalelo ndi pambuyo pake?
14 Yerusalemu anasakazidwapo ndi Ababulo mu 607 B.C.E., ndipo mzindawo waona nkhondo zowopsa m’zaka za zana lathu lino. Komabe, chimene chinachitika mu 70 C.E. chinalidi chisautso chachikulu choposa china chilichonse. M’kulimbana kwa pafupifupi miyezi isanu, ankhondo a Titus anagonjetsa Ayuda. Anapha anthu pafupifupi 1,100,000 ndi kutenga undende pafupifupi 100,000. Ndiponso, Aroma anapasula Yerusalemu. Zimenezi zinapereka umboni wakuti dongosolo Lachiyuda la kulambira kumene kale kunali kovomerezedwa kozikidwa pakachisi linali litatheratu. (Ahebri 1:2) Inde, zochitika za mu 70 C.E. moyenerera zingalingaliridwe kukhala ‘chisautso chonga chimene sichinachitikepo [pamzindawo, mtundu, ndi dongosolo] kuyambira chiyambi cha dziko, kufikira tsopano, inde ndipo sichidzakhalanso.’—Mateyu 24:21.d
Monga Momwe Kunaloseredwera, Zambiri Zikatsatira
15. (a) Kodi ndizochitika zamtundu wotani zimene Yesu ananeneratu kuti zikachitika pambuyo pa chisautso cha Yerusalemu? (b) Polingalira za Mateyu 24:23-28, kodi tiyenera kunenanji za kukwaniritsidwa kwa ulosi wa Yesu?
15 Komabe, Yesu sanalekezere ulosi wake pachisautso cha m’zaka za zana loyamba. Baibulo limasonyeza kuti zambiri zikatsatira chisautso chimenecho, monga momwe kwasonyezedwera ndi kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa liwulo toʹte, kapena “pomwepo,” pa Mateyu 24:23 ndi Marko 13:21. Kodi nchiyani chimene chikachitika m’nyengo ya pambuyo pa 70 C.E.? Chitapita chisautso cha dongosolo Lachiyuda, Akristu onama ndi aneneri onama ambiri akatulukira. (Yerekezerani Marko 13:6 ndi 13:21-23.) Mbiri imatsimikizira kuti anthu otero akhalapo m’zaka mazana ambiri chiyambire chiwonongeko cha Yerusalemu mu 70 C.E., ngakhale kuti sanasocheretse anthu amene ali ndi maso akuthwa auzimu ndi amene akhala akuyembekezera “kukhalapo” kwa Kristu. (Mateyu 24:27, 28, NW) Komabe, zochitika za pambuyo pa chisautso cha mu 70 C.E. zimenezi zimapereka umboni woyamba wakuti Yesu anali kuganiza za zimene zikachitika pambuyo pa chisautso chimenecho, chimene chinali kukwaniritsidwa koyamba chabe.
16. Kodi lemba la Luka 21:24 limawonjezera mbali iti kuulosi wa Yesu, ndipo imeneyi ili ndi tanthauzo lotani?
16 Tikayerekezera Mateyu 24:15-28 ndi Marko 13:14-23 ndi Luka 21:20-24, timapeza umboni wachiŵiri wakuti ulosi wa Yesu unapyola pachiwonongeko cha Yerusalemu. Kumbukirani kuti Luka ndiye yekha amene anatchula miliri. Mofananamo, ndiye yekhanso amene anamaliza chigawo chimenechi ndi mawu a Yesu akuti: “Mapazi a anthu akunja adzapondereza [Yerusalemu, NW] kufikira kuti nthaŵi zawo za anthu akunja zakwanira.”e (Luka 21:24) Ababulo anachotsa mfumu yomalizira ya Ayuda mu 607 B.C.E., ndipo pambuyo pake, Yerusalemu, woimira Ufumu wa Mulungu, anaponderezedwa. (2 Mafumu 25:1-26; 1 Mbiri 29:23; Ezekieli 21:25-27) Pa Luka 21:24, Yesu anasonyeza kuti mkhalidwe umenewu ukapitiriza mtsogolo mpaka itafika nthaŵi yakuti Mulungu akhazikitsenso Ufumu.
17. Kodi ndiumboni wachitatu uti umene tili nawo wakuti ulosi wa Yesu ukafika mtsogolo kwambiri?
17 Nawu umboni wachitatu wakuti Yesu analinso kusonya kukukwaniritsidwa kwamtsogolo kwambiri: Malinga ndi kunena kwa Malemba, Mesiya anayenera kufa ndi kuukitsidwa, ndiyeno akakhala kudzanja lamanja la Mulungu kufikira Atate akamtuma kukagonjetsa. (Salmo 110:1, 2) Yesu anatchulapo za kukhala kwake kudzanja lamanja la Atate wake. (Marko 14:62) Mtumwi Paulo anatsimikizira kuti Yesu woukitsidwayo anali kudzanja lamanja la Yehova akumadikira nthaŵi imene akakhala Mfumu ndi Wakupha wa Mulungu.—Aroma 8:34; Akolose 3:1; Ahebri 10:12, 13.
18, 19. Kodi lemba la Chivumbulutso 6:2-8 limagwirizana motani ndi ulosi wofanana nawo wa m’Mauthenga Abwino?
18 Kuti tipeze umboni wachinayi ndi wosatsutsika wakuti ulosi wa Yesu wa chimaliziro cha dongosolo la zinthu umapyola m’zaka za zana loyamba, tingatsegule pa Chivumbulutso chaputala 6. Akumalemba zaka makumi angapo pambuyo pa 70 C.E., mtumwi Yohane anafotokoza chochitika chochititsa nthumanzi cha apakavalo okangalika. (Chivumbulutso 6:2-8) Masomphenya aulosi ameneŵa a “tsiku la Ambuye”—tsiku la kukhalapo kwake—amasonyeza zaka za zana lathu la 20 lino kukhala nthaŵi ya nkhondo zowopsa (vesi 4), kufalikira kwa njala (mavesi 5 ndi 6), ndi “mliri wakupha” (vesi 8, NW). Moonekera bwino, zimenezi zimagwirizana ndi zimene Yesu ananena m’Mauthenga Abwino ndipo zimatsimikizira kuti ulosi wake uli ndi kukwaniritsidwa kwakukulu ‘m’tsikuli la Ambuye.’—Chivumbulutso 1:10.
19 Anthu odziŵa amavomereza kuti chizindikiro chachiungwe chonenedweratu pa Mateyu 24:7-14 ndi Chivumbulutso 6:2-8 chaonekera kuyambira pakuulika koyamba kwa nkhondo yadziko mu 1914. Mboni za Yehova zalengeza padziko lonse kuti ulosi wa Yesu tsopano ukukwaniritsidwa kachiŵiri ndipo mokulirapo, monga kwasonyezedwera ndi nkhondo zankhalwe, zivomezi zosakaza, njala yowopsa, ndi kufalikira kwa matenda. Pamfundo yotherayi, U.S News & World Report (July 27, 1992) inati: “Mliri wa AIDS . . . ulikupha anthu mamiliyoni ambiri ndipo posachedwapa ungakhale mliri wowonongetsa ndalama koposa ndi wowopsa koposa m’mbiri yonse. Mliri wa Black Death unapha anthu odwala pafupifupi mamiliyoni 25 m’zaka za zana la 14. Koma pofika chaka cha 2000, anthu kuyambira pa mamiliyoni 30 kufika pa mamiliyoni 110, kuchokera pa anthu pafupifupi mamiliyoni 12 lerolino, adzakhala ndi kachilombo ka HIV kamene kamayambitsa AIDS. Popanda mankhwala, anthu onsewo adzayang’anizana ndi imfa yotsimikizirika.”
20. Kodi kukwaniritsidwa koyamba kwa Mateyu 24:4-22 kukachitika m’nyengo iti, koma nkukwaniritsidwa kwina kuti kumene kuli kwachionekere?
20 Chotero, kodi tinganenenji za yankho la Yesu pa funso la atumwiwo? Ulosi wake unaneneratu molondola za zochitika zotsogolera kuchiwonongeko cha Yerusalemu ndi zophatikizapo chiwonongeko chake, ndipo unatchula zinthu zina zimene zikatsatira 70 C.E. Koma zambiri mwa zimenezi zinali kudzakwaniritsidwa kachiŵiri ndipo mokulira mtsogolo, zikumatsogolera kuchisautso chachikulu chimene chidzathetsa dongosolo la zinthu loipa lilipoli. Zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti ulosi wa Yesu pa Mateyu 24:4-22, ndi wolingana nawo mu Marko ndi Luka, unakwaniritsidwa kuyambira mu 33 C.E. mpaka pachisautso cha mu 70 C.E. Komabe, mavesi amodzimodziwo akakwaniritsidwa kachiŵiri, kumene kukaphatikizapo chisautso chokulirapo mtsogolo. Kukwaniritsidwa kokulirapo kumeneku kukuchitika tsopano lino; tikukuona tsiku ndi tsiku.f
Kodi Zikutsogolera Kuchiyani?
21, 22. Kodi nkuti kumene timapeza umboni waulosi wakuti kukachitika zochitika zowonjezereka?
21 Yesu sanamalize ulosi wake mwa kutchula chabe aneneri onama ochita zizindikiro zonyenga m’nyengo yaitaliyo yokhalako “nthaŵi zawo za anthu akunja” zisanakwanire. (Luka 21:24; Mateyu 24:23-26; Marko 13:21-23) Anapitiriza kusimba zinthu zina zochititsa mantha zimene zikachitika, zinthu zimene zikaoneka padziko lonse lapansi. Zimenezi zikagwirizana ndi kudza kwa Mwana wa munthu ndi mphamvu ndi ulemerero. Lemba la Marko 13:24-27 lili ndi ulosi wake wopitiriza wakuti:
22 “Koma m’masikuwo, chitatha chisautso chimenecho, dzuŵa lidzadetsedwa, ndi mwezi sudzapatsa kuunika kwake, ndi nyenyezi zidzagwa kuchokera m’mwamba ndi mphamvu zili m’mwamba zidzagwedezeka. Ndipo pamenepo adzaona Mwana wa munthu alinkudza m’mitambo ndi mphamvu yaikulu, ndi ulemerero. Ndipo pamenepo adzatuma angelo, nadzasonkhanitsa osankhidwa ake ochokera kumphepo zinayi, kuyambira kumalekezero ake a dziko lapansi, ndi kufikira kumalekezero a thambo.”
23. Kodi nchifukwa ninji tingayembekezere kuti lemba la Mateyu 24:29-31 likakwaniritsidwa patapita nthaŵi yaitali pambuyo pa zaka za zana loyamba C.E.?
23 Mwana wa munthu, Yesu Kristu woukitsidwa, sanabwere m’njira yodabwitsa imeneyo pambuyo pa mapeto owononga a dongosolo Lachiyuda mu 70 C.E. Ndithudi mafuko onse a padziko lapansi sanamzindikire, monga momwe lemba la Mateyu 24:30 limanenera, ndiponso angelo a kumwamba sanasonkhanitse Akristu onse odzozedwa padziko lonse lapansi panthaŵiyo. Chotero kodi mbali yowonjezereka imeneyi ya ulosi waukulu wa Yesu ikakwaniritsidwa liti? Kodi ikukwaniritsidwa m’zochitika zotizinga tsopano, kapena kodi, mmalo mwake, ikupereka chidziŵitso chaumulungu cha zinthu zimene tingayembekezere kuchitika patsogolopa? Ndithudi tifunikira kudziŵa, pakuti Luka analemba chenjezo la Yesu lakuti: “Koma poyamba kuchitika izi weramukani, tukulani mitu yanu; chifukwa chiomboledwe chanu chayandikira.”—Luka 21:28.
[Mawu a M’munsi]
a Mukhoza kupeza zigawo za machaputala ameneŵa patchati chimene chili pamasamba 14 ndi 15; mizera yodukizadukiza ikusonyeza mbali zofanana.
b Kuti mupeze maumboni a m’mbiri yakale a zochitika zimenezi, onani Nsanja ya Olonda ya July 15, 1970, masamba 319-21.
c Toʹte akupezeka nthaŵi zoposa 80 m’Mateyu (nthaŵi 9 m’chaputala 24) ndi nthaŵi 15 m’buku la Luka. Marko anagwiritsira ntchito toʹte nthaŵi zisanu ndi imodzi zokha, koma nthaŵi zinayi za izo zinali za “chizindikiro.”
d Mlembi wa ku Britain Matthew Henry anathirira ndemanga kuti: “Kuwonongedwa kwa Yerusalemu kochitidwa ndi Akasidi kunali koipa kwambiri, koma kotsiriziraku kunapambana. Kunapereka chiwopsezo cha kuphedwa kwa . . . Ayuda onse.”
e Ambiri amaona kusintha m’cholembedwa cha Luka pambuyo pa Luka 21:24. Dr. Leon Morris akuti: “Yesu ayamba kulankhula za nthaŵi za Akunja. . . . Malinga ndi kunena kwa akatswiri ochuluka chisamaliro tsopano chikuikidwa pakudza kwa Mwana wa munthu.” Profesa R. Ginns akulemba kuti: “Kudza kwa Mwana wa Munthu—(Mt 24:29-31; Mr 13:24-27). Kutchulidwa kwa ‘nthaŵi za Akunja’ kumapereka mawu oyamba a mutu umenewu; malingaliro [a Luka] tsopano akupyola pachiwonongeko cha Yerusalemu ndi kupita mtsogolo.”
f Profesa Walter L. Liefeld akulemba kuti: “Nkothekadi kunena kuti maulosi a Yesu anali ndi mbali ziŵiri: (1) zochitika za mu A.D. 70 zokhudza kachisi ndi (2) zamtsogolo kwambiri, zofotokozedwa m’mawu olosera kwambiri.” Buku la ndemanga lokonzedwa ndi J. R. Dummelow limati: “Zambiri za zovuta zazikulu za m’nkhani yaikulu imeneyi zimatha pamene tizindikira kuti Ambuye wathu sanangotchula chochitika chimodzi koma ziŵiri, ndi kuti choyamba chinali kuphiphiritsira chachiŵiri. . . . Makamaka lemba la [Luka] 21:24, limene limanena za ‘nthaŵi za Akunja,’ . . . limaika nthaŵi yautali wosadziŵika pakati pa kugwa kwa Yerusalemu ndi mapeto a dziko.”
Kodi Mukukumbukira?
◻ Kodi yankho la Yesu pa funso la pa Mateyu 24:3 linali ndi kukwaniritsidwa kotani kofikitsa ku 70 C.E.?
◻ Kodi kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa liwu lakuti toʹte kumatithandiza motani kumvetsetsa ulosi wa Yesu?
◻ Kodi ndim’lingaliro lotani mmene kunaliri ‘chisautso chachikulu’ m’zaka za zana loyamba chimene sichinachitikepo kalelo?
◻ Kodi Luka akutchula mbali ziŵiri ziti zapadera za ulosi wa Yesu zimene zikutikhudza lerolino?
◻ Kodi ndimaumboni ati amene amasonya kukukwaniritsidwa kwachiŵiri ndi kwakukulu kwa ulosi wa pa Mateyu 24:4-22?
[Tchati pamasamba 14, 15]
4 “Yesu . . . nati kwa iwo, Yang’anirani, asasokeretse inu munthu. 5 Pakuti ambiri adzafika m’dzina langa, nadzanena, Ine ndine Kristu, nadzasokeretsa anthu ambiri. 6 Koma inu mudzayamba kumva za nkhondo, ndi mbiri za nkhondo; onani, musadere nkhaŵa; pakuti kuyenera kuti izi zioneke; koma chitsiriziro sichinafike.
7 “Pakuti mtundu umodzi wa anthu udzaukirana ndi mtundu wina, ndi ufumu ndi ufumu wina; ndipo kudzakhala njala ndi zivomezi m’malo akutiakuti. 8 Koma ndizo zonsezi zoŵaŵa zoyamba.
9 “Pamenepo adzakuperekani kunsautso, nadzakuphani; ndipo anthu a mitundu yonse adzadana nanu, chifukwa cha dzina langa. 10 Ndipo pomwepo ambiri adzakhumudwa, nadzaperekana wina ndi mnzake, nadzadana wina ndi mnzake. 11 Ndipo aneneri onama ambiri adzauka, nadzasokeretsa anthu ambiri. 12 Ndipo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kusayeruzika, chikondano cha anthu aunyinji chidzazirala. 13 Koma iye wakulimbika chilimbikire kufikira kuchimaliziro, yemweyo adzapulumuka. 14 Ndipo uthenga uwu wabwino wa ufumu udzalalikidwa padziko lonse lapansi, ukhale mboni kwa anthu a mitundu yonse; ndipo pomwepo chidzafika chimaliziro.
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15 “Chifukwa chake mmene mukadzaona chonyansa cha kupululutsa, chimene chidanenedwa ndi Danieli mneneri, chitaima m’malo oyera (iye amene aŵerenga m’kalata azindikire) 16 pomwepo iwo ali m’Yudeya athaŵire kumapiri: 17 iye ali pamwamba pa chindwi, asatsikire kunyamula za m’nyumba mwake; 18 ndi iye wa m’munda asabwere kutenga chofunda chake. 19 Koma tsoka ali nalo iwo akukhala ndi pakati, ndi akuyamwitsa ana m’masiku awo! 20 Ndipo pempherani kuti kuthaŵa kwanu kusakhale panyengo yachisanu, kapena pa sabata; 21 pakuti pomwepo padzakhala masauko aakulu, monga sipadakhale otero kuyambira chiyambi cha dziko, kufikira tsopano, inde ndipo sipadzakhalanso. 22 Ndipo akadaleka kufupikitsidwa masiku awo, sakadapulumka munthu aliyense: koma chifukwa cha osankhidwawo masiku awo adzafupikitsidwa.
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23 “Pomwepo munthu akanena kwa inu, Onani, Kristu ali kuno, kapena uko musamvomereze; 24 chifukwa Akristu onama adzauka, ndi aneneri onama nadzaonetsa zizindikiro zazikulu ndi zozizwa: kotero kuti akanyenge, ngati nkotheka, osankhidwa omwe. Onani ndakuuziranitu pasadafike. 25 Chifukwa chake akanena kwa inu, Onani, iye ali m’chipululu; musamukeko. 26 Onani, ali m’zipinda; musavomereze. 27 Pakuti monga mphezi idzera kummaŵa, nionekera kufikira kumadzulo; kotero kudzakhalanso [kukhalapo, NW] kwake kwa Mwana wa munthu. 28 Kumene kulikonse uli mtembo, miimba idzasonkhanira konko.
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29 “Koma, pomwepo, atapita masauko a masiku awo, dzuŵa lidzadetsedwa, ndi mwezi sudzaonetsa kuŵala kwake, ndi nyenyezi zidzagwa kuchokera kumwamba, ndi mphamvu za kumwamba zidzagwedezeka: 30 ndipo pomwepo padzaoneka m’thambo chizindikiro cha Mwana wa munthu; ndipo [pomwepo, NW] mitundu yonse ya padziko lapansi idzadziguguda pachifuwa, nidzapenya Mwana wa munthu alinkudza pamitambo ya kumwamba, ndi mphamvu ndi ulemerero waukulu. 31 Ndipo iye adzatumiza angelo ake ndi kulira kwakukulu kwa lipenga, ndipo iwo adzasonkhanitsa osankhidwa ake ku mphepo zinayi, kuyambira malekezero a thambo kufikira malekezero ake ena.”
5 “Ndipo Yesu anayamba kunena nawo, Yang’anirani kuti munthu asakusocheretseni. 6 Ambiri adzafika m’dzina langa, nadzanena, Ine ndine iye; nadzasocheretsa ambiri. 7 Ndipo mmene mudzamva za nkhondo ndi mbiri zake za nkhondo, musamadera nkhaŵa: ziyenera kuchitika izi; koma sichinafike chimaliziro.
8 “Pakuti mtundu wa anthu udzayambana ndi mtundu wina, ndipo ufumu ndi ufumu unzake: padzakhala zivomezi m’malo m’malo; padzakhala njala; izi ndi zoyambira za zoŵaŵa.
9 “Koma inu mudziyang’anire inu nokha; pakuti adzakuperekani inu kwa akulu a milandu; ndipo adzakukwapulani m’masunagoge; ndipo pamaso pa akazembe ndi mafumu mudzaimirira chifukwa cha ine, kukhale umboni kwa iwo. 10 Ndipo uthenga wabwino uyenera uyambe kulalikidwa kwa anthu a mitundu yonse. 11 Ndipo pamene adzapita nanu kumlandu, nadzakuperekani, musada nkhaŵa usanayambe mlandu ndi chimene mudzalankhula; koma chimene chidzapatsidwa kwa inu m’mphindi yomweyo, muchilankhule; pakuti olankhula sindinu, koma mzimu woyera. 12 Ndipo mbale adzapereka mbale wake kuti amuphe, ndi atate mwana wake; ndi ana adzayambana ndi akuwabala, nadzawaphetsa. 13 Ndipo adzada inu anthu onse chifukwa cha dzina langa: koma iye wakupirira kufikira chimaliziro, yemweyo adzapulumutsidwa.
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14 “Ndipo pamene mukaona chonyansa cha kupululutsa chilikuima pomwe sichiyenera (wakuŵerenga azindikire), pamenepo a m’Yudeya athaŵire kumapiri: 15 ndi iye amene ali pamwamba pa chindwi asatsike, kapena asaloŵe kukatulutsa kanthu m’nyumba mwake; 16 ndi iye amene ali kumunda asabwere kudzatenga malaya ake. 17 Koma tsoka iwo akukhala ndi pakati, ndi akuyamwitsa ana masiku awo! 18 Ndipo pempherani kuti kusakhale m’nyengo yachisanu. 19 Pakuti masiku aja padzakhala chisautso, chonga sichinakhala chinzake kuyambira chiyambi cha chilengedwe chimene Mulungu anachilenga ndi kufikira tsopano, ndipo sichidzakhalanso nthaŵi zonse. 20 Ndipo Ambuye akadapanda kufupikitsa masikuwo, sakadapulumuka munthu mmodzi yense; koma chifukwa cha osankhidwa amene anawasankha, anafupikitsa masikuwo.
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21 “Ndipo pamenepo wina akati kwa inu, Onani Kristu ali pano; kapena, Onani, uko; musavomereze; 22 pakuti adzauka Akristu onyenga ndi aneneri onyenga, ndipo adzachita zizindikiro ndi zozizwitsa, kuti akasocheretse, ngati nkutheka, osankhidwa omwe. 23 Koma yanganirani; onani ndakuuziranitu zinthu zonse, zisanafike.
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24 “Koma m’masikuwo, chitatha chisautso chimenecho, dzuŵa lidzadetsedwa, ndi mwezi sudzapatsa kuunika kwake, 25 ndi nyenyezi zidzagwa kuchokera m’mwamba ndi mphamvu zili m’mwamba zidzagwedezeka. 26 Ndipo pamenepo adzaona Mwana wa munthu alinkudza m’mitambo ndi mphamvu yaikulu, ndi ulemerero. 27 Ndipo pamenepo adzatuma angelo, nadzasonkhanitsa osankhidwa ake ochokera ku mphepo zinayi, kuyambira ku malekezero ake a dziko lapansi, ndi kufikira ku malekezero a thambo.”
8 “Ndipo iye anati, Yang’anirani musasocheretsedwe; pakuti ambiri adzadza m’dzina langa, nadzanena, Ndine amene; ndipo, Nthaŵi yayandikira; musawatsate pambuyo pawo. 9 Ndipo pamene mudzamva za nkhondo ndi mapanduko, musawopsedwa; pakuti ziyenera izi ziyambe kuchitika; koma mathedwe sakhala pomwepo.
10 “Pamenepo ananena nawo, Mtundu wa anthu udzaukira pa mtundu wina, ndipo ufumu pa ufumu wina: 11 ndipo kudzakhala zivomezi zazikulu, ndi njala ndi miliri m’malo akutiakuti, ndipo kudzakhala zowopsya ndi zizindikiro zazikulu zakumwamba.
12 “ Koma zisanachitike izi, anthu adzakuthirani manja, nadzakuzunzani, nadzapereka inu ku masunagoge ndi ndende, nadzamuka nanu kwa mafumu ndi akazembe, chifukwa cha dzina langa. 13 Kudzakhala kwa inu ngati umboni. 14 Chifukwa chake tsimikizani mumtima mwanu, kuti usanafike mlandu musalingirire chimene mudzayankha. 15 Pakuti ine ndidzakupatsani inu kamwa ndi nzeru, zimene adani anu onse sadzatha kuzikana kapena kuzitsutsa. 16 Koma mudzaperekedwa ngakhale ndi akukubalani, ndi abale, ndi a fuko lanu, ndi abwenzi anu; ndipo ena a inu adzakuphani. 17 Ndipo anthu onse adzadana ndi inu chifukwa cha dzina langa. 18 Ndipo silidzawonongeka tsitsi limodzi la pamutu panu. 19 Mudzakhala nawo moyo wanu m’chipiriro.
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20 “Koma pamene pali ponse mudzaona Yerusalemu atazingidwa ndi magulu a ankhondo, zindikirani pamenepo kuti chipululutso chake chayandikira. 21 Pamenepo iwo ali m’Yudeya athaŵire kumapiri, ndi iwo ali mkati mwa uwo atuluke, ndi iwo ali kumiraga asaloŵemo. 22 Chifukwa ameneŵa ndi masiku akubwezera, kuti zonse zidalembedwa zichitike. 23 Koma tsoka iwo akukhala ndi pakati, ndi iwo akuyamwitsa ana masiku awo! pakuti padzakhala chisauko chachikulu padziko, ndi mkwiyo pa anthu awa. 24 Ndipo adzagwa ndi lupanga lakuthwa, nadzagwidwa ndende kumka ku mitundu yonse ya anthu;
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ndipo mapazi a anthu akunja adzapondereza [Yerusalemu, NW] kufikira kuti nthaŵi zawo za anthu akunja zakwanira.
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25 “Ndipo kudzakhala zizindikiro pa dzuŵa ndi mwezi ndi nyenyezi; ndi padziko lapansi chisauko cha mitundu ya anthu, alikuthedwa nzeru pa mkukumo wake wa nyanja ndi mafunde ake; 26 anthu akukomoka ndi mantha, ndi kuyembekezera zinthu zilinkudza ku dziko lapansi; 27 pakuti mphamvu zakumwamba zidzagwedezeka. Ndipo pamenepo adzaona Mwana wa munthu alinkudza mu mtambo ndi mphamvu ndi ulemerero waukulu. 28 Koma poyamba kuchitika izi weramukani, tukulani mitu yanu; chifukwa chiomboledwe chanu chayandikira.”
[Chithunzi patsamba 10]
Chisautso cha mu 70 C.E. pa Yerusalemu ndi dongosolo Lachiyuda chinali chachikulu koposa