Paulo Alinganiza Zopereka Zothandizira Oyera Mtima pa Mavuto
KWA Akristu oona, zinthu zauzimu ndiye zofunika kwambiri. Komabe, kulingalira za moyo wa anthu ena n’kofunikanso kwa iwo. Nthaŵi zambiri, iwo akhala akuthandiza anthu omwe ali m’mavuto. Kukonda abale awo kumasonkhezera Akristu kuti athandize okhulupirira anzawo omwe akufuna chithandizo.—Yohane 13:34, 35.
Kukonda abale ndi alongo ake auzimu kunapangitsa mtumwi Paulo kulinganiza msonkhamsonkha m’mipingo ya ku Akaya, Galatiya, Makedoniya, ndi m’chigawo cha Asiya. Kodi n’chifukwa chiyani zimenezi zili zofunika? Kodi dongosolo lokathandizira anthu pa mavuto limeneli linalinganizidwa motani? Kodi anthu anagwirizana nalo? Ndipo, n’chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kuchita chidwi ndi zomwe zinachitika?
Mmene Zinthu Zinalili mu Mpingo wa ku Yerusalemu
Pambuyo pa Pentekoste wa 33 C.E., Ayuda ndiponso anthu otembenukira ku Chiyuda ochokera m’madera osiyanasiyana, omwe anakhala ophunzira pa Pentekoste anatsalira ku Yerusalemu kwa kanthaŵi ndithu kuti aphunzire zochuluka zokhudza chikhulupiriro choona. Pomwe anafunikira thandizo, olambira anzawo anawathandiza mwachimwemwe ndi zofunika pamasiku owonjezedwawo. (Machitidwe 2:7-11, 41-44; 4:32-37) N’kutheka kuti zipolowe zinapangitsanso kuti pakhale mavuto aakulu pamene Ayuda atsankho ankalimbikitsa zogalukira ndiponso kuchita ziwawa. Komabe, pofuna kuti aliyense wotsatira Kristu asakhale panjala, panali zopereka za tsiku n’tsiku zopita kwa akazi amasiye ofuna chithandizo. (Machitidwe 6:1-6) Herode anachita khama kwambiri pa kuzunza mpingo, ndipo m’katikati mwa zaka za m’ma 40 C.E., mu Yudeya munali njala yoopsa. Ponena za otsatira a Kristu, n’kutheka kuti zonsezi zinadzetsa zinthu zomwe Paulo anazitcha kuti “zowawa,” “zisautso,” ndi “kulandidwa kwa chuma [chawo].”—Ahebri 10:32-34; Machitidwe 11:27–12:1.
Cha m’ma 49 C.E., zinthu zinali zikadavutabe. Chotero, atagwirizana kuti Paulo ayesetse kuthandiza Akunja mu ulaliki wake, Petro, Yakobo ndi Yohane analimbikitsa Paulo kuti ‘akumbukire aumphaŵi.’ Zimenezo ndi zomwe Paulo anayesetsa kuchita.—Agalatiya 2:7-10.
Akonza Zotenga Zopereka
Paulo ankayang’anira thumba lothandizira Akristu osauka a ku Yudeya. Cha m’ma 55 C.E., iye anauza Akorinto kuti: “Za chopereka cha kwa oyera mtima, monga ndinalangiza Mipingo ya ku Galatiya, motero chitani inunso. Tsiku loyamba la sabata yense wa inu asunge yekha, monga momwe anapindula . . . [Ndiyeno] ndidzatuma iwo amene mudzawayesa oyenera, ndi akalata, apite nayo mphatso yanu ku Yerusalemu.” (1 Akorinto 16:1-3) Chaka chimodzi pambuyo pake Paulo ananena kuti Makedoniya ndi Akaya ankasonkha nawo. Ndipo kupezekapo kwa nthumwi za ku chigawo cha Asiya pamene zosonkhedwazo zimatumizidwa ku Yerusalemu kumasonyeza kuti mipingo ya m’chigawo chimenecho nayonso inkasonkha nawo.—Machitidwe 20:4; 2 Akorinto 8:1-4; 9:1, 2.
Palibe yemwe anakakamizidwa kupereka zochuluka kuposa zomwe akanatha. M’malo mwake, ankangofunikira kukhala ndi zinthu zokwanira kotero kuti zopitirirazo zikakwanitse zosoŵa za oyera mtima a ku Yerusalemu ndi ku Yudeya. (2 Akorinto 8:13-15) “Yense achite monga anatsimikiza mtima,” anatero Paulo, “si mwa chisoni mokakamiza, pakuti Mulungu akonda wopereka mokondwerera.”—2 Akorinto 9:7.
Mtumwiyo anapatsa Akorinto chifukwa chabwino kwambiri chokhalira owoloŵa manja. Yesu ‘anakhala wosauka chifukwa cha iwo, kuti iwo akhale olemera’ mwauzimu. (2 Akorinto 8:9) Kunena zoona, iwo anayeneranso kutengera mzimu wake wopatsa. Komanso, popeza kuti Mulungu anali kuwalemeretsa “m’zonse ku kuwoloŵa manja konse,” kunali koyenera kuti nawo athandize pantchito yopezera zosoŵa za oyera mtima.—2 Akorinto 9:10-12.
Mzimu wa Osonkhawo
Tingaphunzire zambiri za kupatsa kodzifunira mwa kuona mzimu wa omwe ankasonkha pa dongosolo la m’zaka za zana loyamba lothandizira oyera mtima pa mavuto. Msonkhamsonkhawo sikuti unangosonyeza kudera nkhaŵa olambira anzawo a Yehova omwe anali osauka. Unasonyeza kuti panali ubale pakati pa Akristu achiyuda ndi Akristu omwe sanali mbadwa zachiyuda. Kupereka ndi kulandira zopereka kunasonyeza mgwirizano ndi ubwenzi pakati pa Akristu omwe sanali mbadwa zachiyuda ameneŵa ndi Ayuda. Chidyerano chawo chinali chakuthupi ndiponso chauzimu.—Aroma 15:26, 27.
N’kutheka kuti Paulo sanapemphe Akristu a ku Makedoniya poyambirira kuti asonkhe nawo, chifukwa chakuti nawonso anali pa umphaŵi wadzaoneni. Komabe, iwo ‘anaumirira kuti awapatse mwayi woti athandize.’ Komatu, ngakhale kuti anali ‘kuyesedwa kwambiri ndi masautso,’ mwachimwemwe iwo anapereka “zopitirira pa zimene akanatha kupereka”! (2 Akorinto 8:1-4, Chipangano Chatsopano Cholembedwa m’Chicheŵa Chamakono) Mwachionekere chiyeso chawo chachikulu chinaphatikizapo kudzudzulidwa kuti anali m’chipembedzo chosavomerezedwa ndi lamulo la Aroma. Choncho m’pomveka kuti ankachitira chifundo abale awo achiyuda, omwe anali kukumana ndi mavuto ngati omwewo.—Machitidwe 16:20, 21; 17:5-9; 1 Atesalonika 2:14.
Ngakhale kuti Paulo anagwiritsa ntchito changu choyambirira cha Akorinto pa nkhani ya msonkhamsonkha pofuna kulimbikitsa Amakedoniya, changu ku Korinto chinali chitazilala. Tsopano mtumwiyo polimbikitsa Akorinto anatchula za kuwoloŵa manja kwa Amakedoniya. Anaona kuti kunali kofunika kuwakumbutsa kuti inali nthaŵi yoti atsirize zomwe anali atayamba chaka chimodzi chapitacho. Kodi chinachitika n’chiyani?—2 Akorinto 8:10, 11; 9:1-5.
Tito anali atayambitsa ntchito ya msonkhamsonkha ku Korinto, koma panabuka mavuto omwe mwachionekere anam’lepheretsa kupitiriza ntchito yake. Atakakambirana ndi Paulo ku Makedoniya, Tito anabwerera ndi anthu ena aŵiri kukalimbitsa mpingo wa ku Korinto ndi kutsiriza ntchito ya msonkhamsonkha. N’kutheka kuti ena anapereka malingaliro oipa akuti Paulo ankafuna kuwalima pamsana Akorinto. Mwina n’chifukwa chake anatumiza anthu atatu kuti akatsirize ntchito ya msonkhamsonkha ndi kulongosola ziyeneretso za aliyense wa atatuŵa. “Sitikufuna kupatsa anthu chifukwa choti atinenere zoipa pa mayendetsedwe athu a zopereka zachifundo zochulukazi,” anatero Paulo. “Pakuti tifuna kuchita zabwino osati pamaso pa Ambuye pokha, komanso pamaso pa anthu.”—2 Akorinto 8:6, 18-23; 12:18, Chipangano Chatsopano Cholembedwa m’Chicheŵa Chamakono.
Kutumiza Zopereka
Pofika kumapeto kwa dzinja la 56 C.E., ndalama zomwe zinali zitasonkhedwa zinali chire kuti zitumizidwe ku Yerusalemu. Paulo anayenera kupita ndi gulu la anthu lomwe osonkhawo anasankha. Machitidwe 20:4 amati: “Ndipo anam’perekeza kufikira ku Asiya Sopatro mwana wa Puro, wa ku Bereya; ndipo a Atesalonika, Aristarko ndi Sekundo; ndi Gayo wa ku Debe, ndi Timoteo; ndi a ku Asiya, Tukiko ndi Trofimo.” Mwachionekere, pagululo panalinso Luka, yemwe mwinamwake anaimira Akristu a ku Filipi. Chotero panali anthu osachepera pa asanu ndi anayi omwe anapita paulendo umenewu.
“Ndalama zonse zomwe zinasonkhedwa pa msonkhamsonkhawu ziyenera kuti zinali zankhaninkhani,” anatero katswiri wa zamaphunziro Dieter Georgi, “chifukwa chakuti zomwe zinachitika pomalizira, zomwe zinaphatikizapo Paulo ndiponso nthumwi zochuluka, sizikanafika mpaka pamenepo, n’kuwonongetsa nthaŵi ndiponso ndalama ngati zikanakhala zochepa.” Gululo sikuti linangoteteza katunduyo koma linatchinjirizanso Paulo kuti asakayikiridwe. Anthu omwe anatumizidwa anaimira mipingo ya Akristu omwe sanali mbadwa zachiyuda kwa oyera mtima a ku Yerusalemu.
Likanakhala kuti linayenda panyanja kuchokera ku Korinto kupita ku Suriya, gululo likanafika ku Yerusalemu pa Paskha. Koma anasintha ulendo wawo chifukwa cha mphekesera ya chiwembu chofuna kupha Paulo. (Machitidwe 20:3) Mwinamwake adani ake anakonza zom’phera panyanja.
Paulo ankalingaliranso za zinthu zina. Asananyamuke, iye analembera Akristu a ku Roma kuti apemphere kuti ‘akapulumutsidwe kwa osamvera a ku Yudeya ndi kuti utumiki wake wa ku Yerusalemu ukhale wolandiridwa bwino ndi oyera mtima.’ (Aroma 15:30, 31) Ngakhale kuti mosakayikira oyera mtima akalandira zoperekazo moyamikira kwambiri, n’kutheka kuti Paulo anada nkhaŵa ndi vuto lomwe likakhale pa Ayuda chifukwa cha kufika kwake ku Yerusalemu.
Mtumwiyo anaganiziradi anthu osauka. Ngakhale kuti Malemba sanena kuti ndi liti pamene zoperekazo zinaperekedwa, koma kuperekedwa kwake kunalimbikitsa umodzi ndiponso kunapatsa Akristu omwe sanali mbadwa zachiyuda mwayi wosonyeza kuyamikira kwawo kwa Ayuda okhulupirira anzawo chifukwa cha chuma chauzimu chomwe analandira kuchokera kwa Ayudawo. Kuonekera kwa Paulo pa kachisi atangofika ku Yerusalemu kunautsa chipoloŵe ndi kuchititsa kuti amangidwe. Koma zimenezi pomalizira pake zinam’patsa mwayi wolalikira kwa akazembe ndi mafumu.—Machitidwe 9:15; 21:17-36; 23:11; 24:1–26:32.
Zopereka Zathu Zothandizira pa Mavuto Lerolino
Kuchokera m’zaka za zana loyamba kudzafika lerolino, zinthu zambiri zasintha, koma mfundo zachikhalidwe sizinasinthe. Akristu amadziŵitsidwa bwinobwino za kusoŵeka kwa ndalama. Chilichonse chomwe angapereke pa kusoŵa kumeneko chiyenera kukhala chodzifunira, mosonkhezeredwa ndi chikondi chawo kwa Mulungu komanso kwa anthu anzawo.—Marko 12:28-31.
Ndondomeko ya m’zaka za zana loyamba yothandizira oyera mtima pa mavuto imasonyeza kuti kayendetsedwe ka zopereka zoterozo kayenera kukhala kolinganizidwa bwino ndiponso kochitidwa moona mtima kotheratu. Inde, Yehova Mulungu amadziŵa za zosoŵa, ndipo amasamalira atumiki ake kotero kuti apitirizebe kugaŵana ndi anthu ena uthenga wabwino wa Ufumu mosasamala kanthu za mavuto. (Mateyu 6:25-34) Komabe, tonsefe tingachitepo mbali yathu, mosalingalira za kulemera kapena kusauka kwathu. Mwanjira imeneyo, ‘iye amene wapata zambiri, sizidzam’chulukira, ndipo iye amene wapata pang’ono sizidzam’chepera.’—2 Akorinto 8:15, Chipangano Chatsopano Cholembedwa m’Chicheŵa Chamakono.