Mmene Akristu Oyambirira Anachitira ndi Chilamulo cha Mose
“Chilamulo chidakhala namkungwi wathu wakutifikitsa kwa Kristu.”—AGALATIYA 3:24.
1, 2. Kodi zina zimene Aisrayeli amene anatsatira mosamala Chilamulo cha Mose anapindula chiyani?
M’CHAKA cha 1513 B.C.E., Yehova anapereka mpambo wa malamulo kwa Aisrayeli. Iye anawauza kuti akamvera mawu ake, awadalitsa ndipo akhala ndi moyo wosangalatsa.—Eksodo 19:5, 6.
2 Mpambo wa Malamulo umenewo, umene umatchedwa Chilamulo cha Mose, kapena kungoti “Chilamulo,” unali ‘woyera, ndi wolungama, ndi wabwino.’ (Aroma 7:12) Unalimbikitsa makhalidwe abwino monga kukoma mtima, kuona mtima, kudzisunga, ndi kuthandiza ena. (Eksodo 23:4, 5; Levitiko 19:14; Deuteronomo 15:13-15; 22:10, 22) Chilamulo chinalimbikitsanso Ayuda kuti azikondana. (Levitiko 19:18) Ndiponso, iwo sanayenera kucheza kapena kukwatira akazi achikunja amene sanali kutsatira Chilamulocho. (Deuteronomo 7:3, 4) Chilamulo cha Mose chimene chinali ngati “khoma” losiyanitsa Ayuda ndi Akunja, chinathandiza anthu a Mulungu kuti apeŵe kuipitsidwa ndi maganizo ndiponso makhalidwe a anthu achikunjawo.—Aefeso 2:14, 15; Yohane 18:28.
3. Popeza palibe amene akanatsatira Chilamulo mosaphonyetsa, kodi chinali ndi phindu lanji?
3 Komabe, ngakhale Ayuda amene anatsatira Chilamulo cha Mulungu mosamala kwambiri sanathe kuchitsatira mosaphonyetsa. Kodi Yehova anafuna kuti anthuwo achite zimene sakanakwanitsa? Ayi. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zimene anapatsira Aisrayeli Chilamulo chinali “chifukwa cha zolakwa [“kuti zolakwa zionekere,” NW].” (Agalatiya 3:19) Chilamulo chinathandiza Ayuda oona mtima kuzindikira kuti anali kufunikira kwambiri Munthu Wowaombola. Munthu wowaombolayo atafika, Ayuda okhulupirika anasangalala. Anatsala pang’ono kumasulidwa ku temberero la uchimo ndi imfa.—Yohane 1:29.
4. Kodi Chilamulo chinali ‘namkungwi wofikitsa kwa Kristu’ motani?
4 Chilamulo cha Mose chinali cha kanthaŵi. Mtumwi Paulo polembera Akristu anzake, anafotokoza kuti Chilamulocho chinali ‘namkungwi wofikitsa kwa Kristu.’ (Agalatiya 3:24) Kale, namkungwi ankaperekeza ana popita ku sukulu ndiponso pobwerako. Iye kwenikweni sanali mphunzitsi; ankangowapititsa anawo kwa mphunzitsi. Mofanana ndi zimenezi, Chilamulo cha Mose anachikonza kuti chiwafikitse Ayuda oopa Mulungu kwa Kristu. Yesu analonjeza kuti adzakhala ndi otsatira ake “masiku onse, kufikira chimaliziro cha nthaŵi ya pansi pano.” (Mateyu 28:20) Motero, mpingo wachikristu utangoyambika, ‘namkungwiyo,’ Chilamulo, analibenso ntchito. (Aroma 10:4; Agalatiya 3:25) Koma Akristu ena achiyuda zinawatengera nthaŵi yaitali kuti amvetse choonadi chofunika kwambiri chimenechi. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, iwo anapitiriza kutsatira mbali zina za Chilamulocho ngakhale pamene Yesu anali ataukitsidwa. Koma ena anasintha maganizo awo. Mwa kuchita zimenezi, iwo anapereka chitsanzo chabwino kwa ife masiku ano. Tiyeni tione chifukwa chake zili choncho.
Kusintha Kochititsa Chidwi kwa Chiphunzitso Chachikristu
5. Kodi Petro analangizidwa chiyani m’masomphenya, ndipo n’chifukwa chiyani anadabwa kwambiri?
5 M’chaka cha 36 C.E., mtumwi wachikristu Petro anaona masomphenya apadera. Panthaŵi imeneyo, mawu ochokera kumwamba anamulamula kuti aphe ndi kudya mbalame ndi nyama zimene Chilamulo chinanena kuti zinali zodetsedwa. Petro anadabwa kwambiri. Iye kuyambira kale anali ‘asanadyepo kanthu wamba ndi konyansa.’ Koma mawuwo anamuuza kuti: “Chimene Mulungu anayeretsa, usachiyesa chinthu wamba.” (Machitidwe 10:9-15) M’malo moumirira Chilamulo, Petro anasintha maganizo ake. Zimenezi zinamuchititsa kutulukira kwambiri zolinga za Mulungu.
6, 7. N’chiyani chinachititsa Petro kuona kuti tsopano akanatha kulalikira kwa Akunja, ndipo kodi ndi zinthu zinanso ziti zimene anazindikira?
6 Zimene zinachitika n’zakuti amuna atatu anapita kunyumba kumene Petro anali kukhala. Anam’pempha kuti atsagane nawo kunyumba kwa munthu wakunja woopa Mulungu, wosadulidwa, dzina lake Korneliyo. Petro anawaloŵetsa amunawo m’nyumba ndipo anawachereza. Popeza anamvetsa tanthauzo la masomphenyaŵa, Petro anatsagana nawo anthuwo m’maŵa wake kupita kwa Korneliyo. Kumeneko, Petro analalikira mokwanira za Yesu Kristu. Panthaŵi imeneyo, Petro anafotokoza kuti: “Zoona ndizindikira kuti Mulungu alibe tsankhu; koma m’mitundu yonse, wakumuopa iye ndi wakuchita chilungamo alandiridwa naye.” Korneliyo komanso achibale ake ndi anzake apamtima anakhulupirira Yesu, ndipo “Mzimu Woyera anagwa pa onse akumva mawuwo.” Pozindikira kuti Yehova ndi amene anachititsa zimenezi, Petro “analamulira iwo abatizidwe m’dzina la Yesu Kristu.”—Machitidwe 10:17-48.
7 Kodi n’chiyani chinachititsa Petro kuona kuti Akunja amene sanali kutsatira Chilamulo cha Mose tsopano akanatha kukhala otsatira a Yesu Kristu? Kuzindikira mwauzimu n’kumene kunamuchititsa. Popeza Mulungu anasonyeza kuti wayanja Akunja osadulidwa, kuwatsanulira mzimu wake, Petro anazindikira kuti anali oyenera kubatizidwa. Komanso, Petro mwachionekere anazindikira kuti Mulungu sanafune kuti Akristu omwe sanali Ayuda atsatire Chilamulo cha Mose kuti abatizidwe. Ngati mukanakhalako nthaŵi imeneyo, kodi mukanasintha maganizo anu mosavuta monga mmene anachitira Petro?
Ena Anatsatirabe “Namkungwi”
8. Kodi Akristu ena ku Yerusalemu analimbikitsa maganizo otani osiyana ndi a Petro pankhani ya mdulidwe, ndipo n’chifukwa chiyani anatero?
8 Atachoka kunyumba kwa Korneliyo, Petro anapita ku Yerusalemu. Mpingo wa kumeneko unamva nkhani yoti Akunja osadulidwa “adalandira mawu a Mulungu” ndipo ophunzira ena achiyuda sanasangalale nayo nkhaniyi. (Machitidwe 11:1-3) Ngakhale kuti anavomereza kuti Akunja angakhale otsatira a Yesu, “a kumdulidwe” anaumirira kuti anthu omwe sanali Ayudaŵa anayenera kutsatira Chilamulo kuti adzapulumuke. Koma kumadera kumene kunali Akunja ambiri, kumene kunali Akristu achiyuda ochepa, mdulidwe sunali nkhani yaikulu. Kusemphana maganizo kumeneku kunapitirira kwa zaka 13. (1 Akorinto 1:10) Akristu oyambirira ayenera kuti anali pa chiyeso chachikulu, makamaka amene sanali Ayuda amene anali kukhala m’madera mmene munali Ayuda ambiri.
9. N’chifukwa chiyani kunali kofunika kuti nkhani ya mdulidwe ithetsedwe?
9 Nkhaniyo inafika pachimake mu 49 C.E., pamene Akristu a ku Yerusalemu anapita ku Antiokeya wa ku Suriya, kumene Paulo anali kulalikira. Iwo anayamba kulalikira kuti Akunja amene anatembenuka anafunika kudulidwa malinga ndi Chilamulo. Panali kusagwirizana kwakukulu ndipo anatsutsana ndi Paulo ndiponso Barnaba. Nkhaniyo akanati asaithetse, Akristu ena, kaya achiyuda kapena amene sanali achiyuda akanakhumudwa. Motero, anakonza zoti Paulo ndi anthu ena angapo apite ku Yerusalemu kukafunsa ku bungwe lolamulira lachikristu kuti ligamule nkhaniyi.—Machitidwe 15:1, 2, 24.
Kusiyana Maganizo, Kenako N’kugwirizana!
10. Kodi ndi mfundo zina ziti zimene bungwe lolamulira linapenda lisanagamule nkhani ya mmene Akunja anayenera kuchitira?
10 Atasonkhana kuti akambirane nkhaniyi, ena mwachiwonekere analimbikira za mdulidwe, pamene ena anautsutsa. Koma zimene anagamula sizinadalire zimene anthu anakonda. Atatsutsana kwa nthaŵi yaitali, mtumwi Petro ndi mtumwi Paulo anafotokoza zizindikiro zimene Yehova anachita kwa anthu osadulidwawo. Anafotokoza kuti Mulungu anatsanulira mzimu woyera kwa Akunja osadulidwa. M’mawu ena, iwo anafunsa kuti, ‘Kodi n’koyenera kuti mpingo wachikristu ukane anthu amene Mulungu wawavomereza?’ Ndiyeno wophunzira Yakobo anaŵerenga chigawo cha m’Malemba chimene chinathandiza onse pamsonkhanowo kuzindikira chifuno cha Yehova pa nkhaniyo.—Machitidwe 15:4-17.
11. Kodi ndi chinthu chiti chimene sichinakhudze kagamulidwe ka nkhani ya mdulidwe, ndipo n’chiyani chikusonyeza kuti Yehova anadalitsa zimene bungwelo linagamula?
11 Anthu onse tsopano anali kuyembekezera bungwe lolamulira. Kodi kukhala kwawo achiyuda kukanawapangitsa kugamula mokondera mdulidwe? Ayi. Amuna okhulupirika ameneŵa anatsimikiza mtima kutsatira Malemba ndiponso kutsogoleredwa ndi mzimu woyera wa Mulungu. Atamvetsera umboni wonse wogwirizana ndi nkhaniyi, a m’bungwe lolamulira onse pamodzi anagwirizana kuti panalibe chifukwa choti Akristu omwe sanali Ayuda adulidwe ndi kutsatira Chilamulo cha Mose. Abale atamva chigamulo chimenechi, anasangalala, ndipo mipingo inayamba ‘kuchuluka m’chiŵerengero chawo tsiku ndi tsiku.’ Akristu amene anagonjera malangizo auzimu omveka bwinowo anadalitsidwa mwa kulandira yankho la m’Malemba. (Machitidwe 15:19-23, 28, 29; 16:1-5) Komabe, funso lofunika linali lisanayankhidwe.
Bwanji Akristu Achiyuda?
12. Kodi ndi funso liti limene silinayankhidwe?
12 Bungwe lolamulira linafotokoza mosapita m’mbali kuti Akristu omwe sanali achiyuda sanafunikire kudulidwa. Koma bwanji Akristu achiyuda? Zimene bungwe lolamuliralo linagamula sizinayankhe mwachindunji funso limenelo.
13. N’chifukwa chiyani kunali kulakwa kuumirira kuti kutsatira Chilamulo cha Mose kunali kofunika kuti munthu apulumuke?
13 Akristu ena achiyuda amene anali ‘achangu pa Chilamulo’ anapitiriza kudula ana awo ndi kutsatira mbali zina za Chilamulo. (Machitidwe 21:20) Ena anapitirira pamenepo n’kufika poumirira kuti kunali kofunika kuti Akristu achiyuda azitsatira Chilamulo kuti adzapulumuke. Apa analakwitsa kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, kodi zikanatheka bwanji Mkristu aliyense kupereka nsembe ya nyama kuti akhululukidwe machimo? Nsembe ya Kristu inali itathetsa nsembe zimenezo. Nanga bwanji zimene Chilamulo chinanena zoti Ayuda sanayenera kucheza ndi anthu omwe sanali Ayuda? Zikanakhala zovuta kwambiri kwa alaliki achikristu achangu kutsatira zimenezo uku akugwiranso ntchito yophunzitsa Akunja zinthu zonse zimene Yesu anawauza. (Mateyu 28:19, 20; Machitidwe 1:8; 10:28)a Palibe umboni woti nkhani imeneyi anaimveketsa bwino pamsonkhano wina wake wa bungwe lolamulira. Komabe mpingowo sunangokhala wopanda thandizo.
14. Kodi makalata ouziridwa a Paulo anapereka malangizo otani okhudza Chilamulo?
14 Malangizo anaperekedwa kudzera m’makalata ena ouziridwa amene atumwi analemba, osati kudzera m’kalata ya bungwe lolamulira. Mwachitsanzo, mtumwi Paulo anatumiza uthenga wamphamvu kwa Ayuda ndiponso omwe sanali Ayuda amene anali kukhala ku Roma. M’kalata imene anawalembera, anafotokoza kuti Myuda weniweni “ndiye amene akhala wotere mumtima; ndipo mdulidwe uli wa mtima, mumzimu.” (Aroma 2:28, 29) M’kalata yomweyo, Paulo anagwiritsa ntchito fanizo pofuna kutsimikizira kuti Akristu sanalinso kutsatira Chilamulo. Iye anati mkazi sangakwatiwe ndi amuna aŵiri panthaŵi imodzi. Koma mwamuna wake akamwalira, amakhala waufulu kukwatiwanso. Ndiyeno Paulo pofotokozera fanizoli, anasonyeza kuti Akristu odzozedwa sakanamvera Chilamulo cha Mose ndi kukhalanso a Kristu panthaŵi imodzi. Anayenera kukhala “akufa ku chilamulo” kuti agwirizane ndi Kristu.—Aroma 7:1-5.
Sanamvetse Msanga Mfundoyo
15, 16. N’chifukwa chiyani Akristu ena achiyuda analephera kumvetsa mfundo yokhudza Chilamulo, ndipo zimenezi zikusonyeza chiyani za kufunika kokhala maso mwauzimu?
15 Mfundo imene Paulo anafotokoza yokhudza Chilamulo inali yosatsutsika. Nangano n’chifukwa chiyani Akristu ena achiyuda analephera kumvetsa mfundoyo? Chifukwa chimodzi chinali chakuti sanali ozindikira mwauzimu. Mwachitsanzo, ananyalanyaza kudya chakudya cholimba chauzimu. (Ahebri 5:11-14) Sanalinso kupezekapezeka pa misonkhano yachikristu. (Ahebri 10:23-25) Chifukwa china chimene chinachititsa ena kulephera kumvetsa mfundoyo mwina ndicho mmene Chilamulo chinalili. Mbali yaikulu ya Chilamulo inali ya zinthu zooneka ndiponso zotheka kuzikhudza, monga kachisi ndiponso ansembe. Kunali kosavuta kuti munthu wofooka mwauzimu atsatire Chilamulo kusiyana ndi kutsatira mfundo zakuya zachikristu, zimene mbali yaikulu zinali za zinthu zosaoneka.—2 Akorinto 4:18.
16 Paulo m’kalata imene analembera Agalatiya anafotokoza chifukwa china chimene ena omwe ankati ndi Akristu analili achangu kutsatira Chilamulo. Ananena kuti amuna ameneŵa ankafuna kuti azioneka olemekezeka, monga anthu a m’chipembedzo chimene chinali ndi anthu ambiri. M’malo moti akhale osiyana ndi anthu ena, iwo ankalolera kusiya mfundo zina zachikristu kuti agwirizane ndi anthuwo. Iwo ankafuna kwambiri kuti anthu awayanje m’malo moyanjidwa ndi Mulungu.—Agalatiya 6:12.
17. Kodi ndi liti pamene maganizo oyenera pankhani yotsatira Chilamulo anamveka bwinobwino?
17 Akristu ozindikira amene anaŵerenga mosamala makalata ouziridwa ndi Mulungu amene Paulo ndi Akristu ena analemba anadziŵa zolondola pankhani ya Chilamulo. Komabe, Akristu achiyuda onse anali asanamvetse bwino nkhani yokhudza Chilamulo cha Mose mpaka m’chaka cha 70 C.E. pamene anamvetsa nkhaniyi bwinobwino. Zimenezi zinachitika pamene Mulungu analola kuti Yerusalemu, kachisi wake ndi kaundula wa ansembe ziwonongedwe. Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti kukhale kovuta kwa munthu aliyense kutsatira mbali zonse za Chilamulocho.
Zimene Tikuphunzirapo Masiku Ano
18, 19. (a) Kodi tiyenera kukhala ndi maganizo otani ndipo ndi maganizo ati amene tiyenera kupeŵa kuti tikhalebe athanzi mwauzimu? (b) Kodi Chitsanzo cha Paulo chikutiphunzitsa chiyani pankhani yotsatira malangizo amene timalandira kwa abale amene ali ndi udindo wopereka malangizowo? (Onani bokosi patsamba 24.)
18 Pamene takambirana zochitika zakale zimenezi, mwina mukudzifunsa kuti: ‘Ngati ndikanakhalako nthaŵi imeneyo, kodi ndikanachita bwanji pamene chifuniro cha Mulungu chinali kuvumbulidwa pang’onopang’ono? Kodi ndikanaumirirabe maganizo amene ndinali nawo kale? Kapena kodi ndikanaleza mtima mpaka nkhaniyo itamvetsetseka bwinobwino? Ndipo pamene inamvetsetseka bwinobwino, kodi ndikanatsatira zimenezo ndi mtima wonse?’
19 N’zoona kuti sitingatsimikize kuti tikanachita bwanji ngati tikanakhalako panthaŵiyo. Koma tingadzifunse kuti: ‘Kodi ndimachita bwanji kamvedwe kathu ka Baibulo kakawongoleredwa masiku ano? (Mateyu 24:45) Kodi malangizo a m’Malemba akaperekedwa, ndimayesetsa kuwatsatira, osangoumirira chabe malamulo koma kumvetsa tanthauzo la malamulowo? (1 Akorinto 14:20) Kodi ndimayembekezera Yehova moleza mtima ngati mafunso anga ena akuoneka kuti akuchedwa kuyankhidwa?’ N’kofunika kwambiri kuti tizigwiritsa ntchito bwino chakudya chauzimu chimene tili nacho masiku ano, kuti ‘tisatengedwe ndi kusiyana nazo.’ (Ahebri 2:1) Tiyeni tizimvetsera mosamala Yehova akamapereka malangizo kudzera m’Mawu ake, mzimu wake, ndi gulu lake la padziko lapansi. Tikachita zimenezo, Yehova adzatidalitsa ndi moyo wopanda mapeto umene udzakhala wosangalatsa kwambiri.
[Mawu a M’munsi]
a Petro atapita ku Antiokeya wa ku Suriya, anacheza bwino ndi anthu okhulupirira omwe sanali Ayuda. Koma Akristu achiyuda atafika kuchokera ku Yerusalemu, Petro “anadzibweza, ndi kudzipatula yekha, pakuopa iwo a ku mdulidwe.” Tingathe kuona mmene anthu otembenuka omwe sanali Ayudawo ayenera kuti anakhumudwira pamene mtumwi wolemekezekayo anakana kudya nawo.—Agalatiya 2:11-13.
Kodi Mungayankhe Bwanji?
• Kodi Chilamulo cha Mose chinali ngati ‘namkungwi wofikitsa kwa Kristu’ motani?
• Kodi mungafotokoze bwanji kusiyana kwa Petro ndi “a kumdulidwe” malinga ndi mmene anachitira pamene kamvedwe ka choonadi kanasintha?
• Kodi mwaphunzira chiyani pankhani ya mmene Yehova amavumbulira choonadi masiku ano?
[Bokosi/Chithunzi patsamba 24]
Paulo Anakumana ndi Chiyeso Modzichepetsa
Atayenda ulendo waumishonale umene zinthu zinamuyendera bwino kwambiri, Paulo anafika ku Yerusalemu mu 56 C.E. Kumeneko anakumana ndi chiyeso. Mpingo wa kumeneko unamva nkhani yoti iye anali kuphunzitsa kuti Chilamulo sichinali kugwiranso ntchito. Akulu kumeneko anaopa kuti Akristu achiyuda amene anangotembenuka kumene akanakhumudwa ndi kulankhula kwa Paulo kosabisa mawu pankhani ya Chilamulo, ndiponso akanaganiza kuti Akristu sanali kulemekeza dongosolo la Yehova. Mumpingomo munali Akristu achiyuda anayi amene anawinda, mwina kukhala Anaziri. Anafunika kupita kukachisi kuti akamalizitse zofunika za kuwindako.
Akuluwo anapempha Paulo kuti atsagane ndi Ayuda anayiwo kukachisiko ndi kuwalipirira. Paulo anali atalemba makalata ouziridwa osachepera aŵiri mmene anafotokozamo kuti kutsatira Chilamulo sikunali kofunika kuti munthu apulumuke. Komabe, iye anaganizira chikumbumtima cha anthu ena. Zimenezi zisanachitike, iye anali atalemba kuti: “Kwa iwo omvera lamulo [ndinakhala] monga womvera lamulo . . . kuti ndipindule iwo omvera malamulo.” (1 Akorinto 9:20-23) Paulo anaona kuti akanatha kutsatira zimene akuluwo ananena koma osaswa mfundo zofunika za m’Malemba. (Machitidwe 21:15-26) Panalibe cholakwika kuchita zimenezo. Panalibe chilichonse chotsutsana ndi Malemba pankhani ya zowindazo, ndipo kachisiyo anali kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa kulambira koona, osati kulambirira mafano. Motero, pofuna kuti asakhumudwitse ena, Paulo anachita zimene anamupemphazo. (1 Akorinto 8:13) Mosakayika zimenezi zinafuna kuti Paulo adzichepetse kwambiri, mfundo imene ikutichititsa kumulemekeza kwambiri.
[Chithunzi pamasamba 22, 23]
Kwa zaka zingapo, Akristu anasiyana maganizo pankhani ya Chilamulo cha Mose