Anthu a Yehova Alimbitsidwa m’Chikhulupiriro

‘Mipingoyo inalimbikitsidwa m’chikhulupiriro, nachuluka m’chiwerengero chawo tsiku ndi tsiku.’​—MACHITIDWE 16:5.

 1. Kodi Mulungu anamgwiritsira ntchito motani Paulo?

YEHOVA MULUNGU anagwiritsira ntchito Saulo wa ku Tariso monga ‘chotengera . . . chosankhika.’ Monga mtumwi Paulo, iye ‘anamva kuwawa ndi zinthu zambiri.’ Koma kupyolera m’ntchito yake ndi ya ena, gulu la Yehova linasangalala ndi umodzi ndi kufutukuka kodabwitsa.​—Machitidwe 9:15, 16.

 2. Kodi nchifukwa ninji chidzakhala chopindulitsa kulingalira Machitidwe 13:1–16:5?

² Akunja ankakhala Akristu m’chiŵerengero chachikulu, ndipo kukumana kofunika koposa kwa bungwe lolamulira kunachita zochuluka kupititsa patsogolo umodzi pakati pa anthu a Mulungu ndi kuwalimbitsa m’chikhulupiriro. Kudzakhala kopindulitsa kwambiri kulingalira zochitikazi ndi zina zolembedwa m’Machitidwe 13:1–16:5, popeza kuti Mboni za Yehova tsopano zikukumana ndi kukula koteroko ndi madalitso auzimu. (Yesaya 60:22) (Paphunziro laumwini la mitu ya Machitidwe m’kope lino, tikuvomereza kuti muŵerenge mbali za bukhulo zimene zasonyezedwa m’zilembo zakuda.)

Amishonale Achita Ntchito

 3. Kodi ndi ntchito yotani imene inachitidwa ndi “aneneri ndi aphunzitsi” ku Antiokeya?

³ Amuna otumizidwa ndi mpingo mu Antiokeya, Suriya, anathandiza akhulupiriri kukhala olimba m’chikhulupiriro. (13:1-5) Mu Antiokeya kumene kunali “aneneri ndi aphunzitsi” Barnaba, Sumeoni, (Nigeri), Lukiya wa ku Kurene, Manayeni, ndi Saulo wa ku Tariso. Aneneri analongosola Mawu a Mulungu ndi kuneneratu zochitika, pamene aphunzitsi anapereka malangizo a m’Malemba ndi m’kakhalidwe kaumulungu. (1 Akorinto 13:8; 14:4) Barnaba ndi Saulo analandira gawo lapadera. Limodzi ndi Marko msuwani wa Barnaba, iwo ananka ku Kupro. (Akolose 4:10) Iwo analalikira m’masunagoge m’dera lakum’mawa kwa Salami, koma palibe cholembera chomwe chimati Ayuda anavomereza bwino. Popeza kuti oterewa anali okhupuka mwakuthupi, kodi iwo akamufuniranji Mesiya?

 4. Kodi chinachitika nchiyani pamene amishonale anapitirizabe kulalikira mu Kupro?

⁴ Mulungu anadalitsa ntchito ina yochitira umboni mu Kupro. (13:6-12) Pa Pafo, amishonalewo anakumana ndi wamatsenga Wachiyuda ndi mneneri wonyenga Baryesu (Elima). Pamene anayesera kuletsa Kazembe Sergio Paulo kumvetsera ku mawu a Mulungu, Saulo anadzazidwa ndi mzimu woyera ndi kuti: ‘Wodzala ndi chinyengo chonse ndi chenjerero lonse, iwe, mwana wa mdyerekezi, mdani wa chilungamo chonse, kodi sudzaleka kuipsya njira zolunjika za Yehova?’ Pompo, dzanja la Mulungu lopereka chilango linachititsa khungu Elima kwakanthaŵi, ndipo Sergio Paulo ‘anakhulupira, nadabwa nacho chiphunzitso cha [Yehova, NW].’

5, 6. (a) Pamene Paulo analankhula m’sunagoge ya Antiokeya wa Pisidiya, kodi iye ananenanji za Yesu? (b) Kodi nkhani ya Paulo inali ndi chiyambukiro chotani?

⁵ Kuchokera ku Kupro, gululo linayenda pamadzi kunka ku mzinda wa Perge mu Asia Minor. Pamenepo Paulo ndi Barnaba anapita chakumpoto kudzera njira za m’mapiri, mwachiwonekere ‘mowopsya mwake mwa mitsinje ndi olanda,’ kunka ku Antiokeya, Pisidiya. (2 Akorinto 11:25, 26) Kumeneko Paulo analankhula m’sunagoge. (13:13-41) Iye anabwerera m’zochita za Mulungu ndi Israyeli ndi kuzindikiritsa Yesu mbadwa ya Davide kukhala Mpulumutsi. Ngakhale kuti olamulira Achiyuda analamulira kuphedwa kwa Yesu, lonjezo loperekedwa kwa makolo awo linakwaniritsidwa pamene Mulungu anamuukitsa iye. (Salmo 2:7; 16:10; Yesaya 55:3) Paulo anachenjeza amvetseri ake kusanyoza mphatso ya Mulungu ya chipulumutso yodzera mwa Kristu.​—Habakuku 1:5, Septuagint.

⁶ Nkhani ya Paulo inadzutsa chikondwerero, monga momwe nkhani zapoyera zoperekedwa ndi Mboni za Yehova zimachitira lerolino. (13:42-52) Sabata lotsatira pafupifupi anthu onse a mumzindawo anasonkhana kudzamvetsera mawu a Yehova, ndipo ichi chinapangitsa Ayuda kudukidwa. Eya, mumlungu umodzi wokha, amishonalewo mwachiwonekere anatembenuza Akunja ambiri kuposa mmene Ayudawo anachitira m’moyo wawo wonse! Popeza kuti Ayudawo anatsutsa Paulo mwamwano, iyi inali nthaŵi ya kuunika kwauzimu kuwalikira kwinakwake, ndipo anauzidwa motere: ‘Popeza mwawakankha mawu a Mulungu, nimudziyesera nokha osayenera moyo wosatha, taonani, titembenukira kwa amitundu.’​—Yesaya 49:6.

 7. Kodi Paulo ndi Barnaba anachita motani ku chizunzocho?

⁷ Tsopano Akunja anayamba kukondwera, ndipo anthu onse amaganizo abwino oyenerera moyo wosatha anakhala akhulupiriri. Komabe, pamene mawu a Yehova anafalitsidwa m’dziko lonselo, Ayuda anakakamiza akazi omveka (mwachiwonekere kuti atsendereze amuna awo kapena ena) ndi akulu a m’mudziwo kuti azunze Paulo ndi Barnaba nawapitikitse iwo m’malire awo. Koma ichi sichinaŵaletse amishonalewo. Iwo mosabisa ‘adawasansira fumbi la ku mapazi awo’ nanka ku Ikoniyo (yomwe makono imatchedwa Konya), mzinda waukulu m’dera la Roma wa Galatiya. (Luka 9:5; 10:11) Eya, kodi bwanji ponena za ophunzira amene anatsala mu Pisidiya wa Antiokeya? Pokhala atalimbikitsidwa m’chikhulupiriro, iwo ‘anadzazidwa ndi chimwemwe ndi mzimu woyera.’ Ichi chimatithandiza kuwona kuti chitsutso sichifunikira kuletsa kupita patsogolo kwauzimu.

Olimba m’Chikhulupiriro Mosasamala Kanthu za Chizunzo

 8. Kodi chinachitika nchiyani monga chotulukapo cha umboni wachipambano mu Ikoniyo?

⁸ Paulo ndi Barnaba iwoeni anatsimikizira kukhala olimba m’chikhulupiririo mosasamala kanthu za chizunzo. (14:1-7) Povomereza umboni wawo m’sunagoge ku Ikoniyo, Ayuda ambiri ndi Agiriki anakhala akhulupiriri. Pamene Ayuda osakhulupirira anautsa mitima ya Akunja kuti aipsye akhulupiriri atsopano, antchito aŵiri analankhula molimba mtima ndi ulamuliro wa Mulungu, ndipo anasonyeza chivomerezo chake mwakuwapatsa mphamvu zakuchita zizindikiro. Ichi chinagawanitsa khamulo, ena akumakhala kwa Ayuda ndi ena kwa atumwi (otumidwawo). Atumwiwo sanali amantha, koma pamene anamva za chiwembu cha kuwaponya miyala, iwo mwanzeru anapita kukalalikira mu Lukaoniya, dera la Asia Minor chakummwera kwa Galatiya. Mwakukhala ochenjera tero, nafenso kaŵirikaŵiri tingakhale achangu mu utumiki mosasamala kanthu za chitsutso.​—Mateyu 10:23.

9, 10. (a) Kodi ndimotani mmene nzika za Lustra zinachitira ku kuchiritsidwa kwa mwamuna wopunduka? (b) Kodi Paulo ndi Barnaba anachita motani pa Lustra?

⁹ Chotsatira mzinda wa ku Lukaoniya wa Lustra unalandira umboni. (14:8-18) Kumeneko Paulo anachiritsa munthu wopunduka chibadwire. Posazindikira kuti Yehova ndiye anali ndi thayo la kuzizwitsako, makamuwo anafuula kuti: “Milungu yatsikira kwa ife monga anthu.” Popeza kuti ichi chinanenedwa m’chinenero cha ku Lukaoniya, Barnaba ndi Paulo sanadziŵe chomwe chinkachitika. Popeza kuti Paulo anatsogola polankhula, anthuwo anamulingalira iye kukhala Herme (nthumwi yodziŵa kulankhula ya milungu) ndipo anaganiza kuti Barnaba anali Zeu, mulungu wamkulu Wachigiriki.

¹⁰ Wansembe wa Zeu anafikira pakudza nazo ng’ombe ndi maluŵa ncholinga chozipereka nsembe kwa Paulo ndi Barnaba. Mwachidziŵikire mwakulankhula Chigiriki chosavuta kumva kapena kugwiritsira ntchito wotembenuza, alendowo analongosola mofulumira kuti iwo analinso anthu okhala ndi zophophonya ndikuti ankalengeza mbiri yabwino kotero kuti anthu angatembenuke kuchoka pa ‘zinthu zachabe izi’ (milungu yopanda moyo, kapena mafano) kunka kwa Mulungu wamoyo. (1 Mafumu 16:13; Salmo 115:3-9; 146:6) Inde, poyambapo Mulungu analola amitundu (koma osati Ahebri) kuchita zodzifunira, ngakhale kuti sanakhale wopanda umboni wa kukhalapo ndi ubwino wake ‘mwakuwapatsa mvula ndi nyengo za zipatso, kudzaza mitima yawo ndi chakudya ndi chikondwero.’ (Salmo 147:8) Mosasamala kanthu za kukambitsirana koteroko, Barnaba ndi Paulo sanakhoze kuletsa makamuwo kupereka nsembe kwa iwo. Komabe, amishonalewo sanalandire kugwadiridwa monga milungu, ndipotu iwo sanagwiritsire ntchito mphamvuzo kukhazikitsa Chikristu m’deralo. Ichi nchitsanzo chabwino, makamaka ngati tiri okhoterera kupanga kukhala fano chimene Yehova wachilola kwa ife kuti tichikwaniritse muutumiki wake!

11. Kodi tingaphunzirenji pa ndemanga iyi: “Tiyenera kulowa m’ufumu wa Mulungu ndi zisautso zambiri”?

¹¹ Mwadzidzidzi, chizunzo chinabala zipatso zake zoipa. (14:19-28) Motani? Pamene makamu anasonkhezeredwa ndi Ayuda a ku Pisidiya wa Antiokeya ndi Ikoniyo, iwo anamponya miyala Paulo ndi kumtulutsira kunja kwa mzinda, akumaganiza kuti iye wafa kale. (2 Akorinto 11:24, 25) Koma pamene ophunzira anamzungulira, iye anauka ndikuloŵa m’Lutsra mwakachetechete, mwinamwake pakati pa mdima woti bii. Tsiku lotsatira, iye ndi Barnaba ananka ku Derbe, kumene ochepera anakhala ophunzira. Pamene anachezeranso Lustra, Ikoniyo, ndi Antiokeya, amishonalewo analimbikitsa ophunzirawo, nawadandaulira kuti akhalebe m’chikhulupiriro, ndikuti: “Tiyenera kulowa m’ufumu wa Mulungu ndi zisautso zambiri.” Monga Akristu, ife timayembekezeranso kukumana ndi zizunzo ndipo sitiyenera kuyesera kuzithaŵa mwakupotoza chikhulupiriro chathu. (2 Timoteo 3:12) Panthaŵiyo, akulu ankaikidwa m’mipingo ku imene kalata ya Paulo yonka kwa Agalatiya inalembedwera.

12. Pamene ulendo woyamba waumishonale wa Paulo unatha, kodi amishonale aŵiriwa anachitanji?

¹² Popitirira pa Pisidiya, Paulo ndi Barnaba analankhula mawu m’Perge, mzinda wotchuka wa Pamfuliya. M’kupita kwa nthaŵi, iwo anabwerera ku Antiokeya, Suriya. Ulendo woyamba wa Paulo utamalizidwa, amishonale aŵiriwo anadziŵitsa mpingo za ‘zomwe Mulungu anachita nawo, kuti anatsegulira amitundu pa khomo la chikhulupiriro.’ Nthaŵi yochulukirapo inatheredwa ali ndi ophunzira mu Antiokeya, ndipo ichi mosakaikira chinachita zambiri kuwalimbitsa iwo m’chikhulupiriro. Kuchezeredwa ndi oyang’anira oyendayenda lerolino kuli ndi ziyambukiro zauzimu zofananazo.

Funso Lofunika Kwambiri Lithetsedwa

13. Ngati Chikristu chinati chisagawanike kukhala magulu Achihebri ndi osakhala Achiyuda, kodi chinafunikira chiyani?

¹³ Kulimba njii m’chikhulupiriro kunafunikira umodzi wa maganizo. (1 Akorinto 1:10) Ngati Chikristu chidati chisagawidwe kukhala magulu Achihebri ndi osakhala Achiyuda, bungwe lolamulira linafunikira kugamula kaya Akunja othamangira m’gulu la Mulungu anafunikira kusunga Chilamulo cha Mose ndi kudulidwa. (15:1-5) Amuna ena ochokera ku Yudeya anali atayenda kale kunka ku Antiokeya wa Suriya ndipo anali atayamba kuphunzitsa akhulupiriri Akunja kumeneko kuti kusiyapo kokha atadulidwa, iwo sakakhoza kupulumutsidwa. (Eksodo 12:48) Motero, Paulo, Barnaba, ndi ena anatumizidwa kwa atumwiwo ndi akulu m’Yerusalemu. Ngakhale kumeneko, akhulupiriri omwe anali Afarisi osunga malamulo anaumirira kuti Akunja adulidwe ndi kusunga Chilamulo.

14. (a) Ngakhale kuti kupsyetsana mtima kunachitika pa kukumana kwa m’Yerusalemu, kodi nchitsanzo chabwino chotani chimene chinakhazikitsidwa? (b) Kodi ndi iti imene inali mfundo ya kukambitsirana kwa Petro pachochitikacho?

¹⁴ Kukumana kunachitidwa kuti apeze chifuniro cha Mulungu nchiti. (15:6-11) Inde, kukangana kunachitika, koma panalibe mpikisano pamene amuna okhala ndi zikhutiritso zamphamvu anadzifotokozera​—chitsanzo chabwino kaamba ka akulu lerolino! M’kupita kwa nthaŵi Petro anati: ‘Mulungu anasankha mwa inu kuti mkamwa mwanga Akunja [onga ngati Korneliyo] amve mawu a uthenga wabwino nakhulupirire. Iye anawachitira umboni naŵapatsa mzimu woyera, ndipo sanalekanitsa ife ndi iwo. [Machitidwe 10:44-47] Nanga bwanji tsopano muli kumuyesa Mulungu kuti muike pakhosi la akuphunzira goli, [thayo la kusunga Chilamulo] limene sanatha kunyamula kapena makolo athu kapena ife? Ife [Ayuda akuthupi] tikhulupira tidzapulumuka mwa chisomo cha Ambuye Yesu Kristu monga iwo omwe.’ Kuvomereza kwa Mulungu Akunja osadulidwa kunasonyeza kuti mdulidwe ndi kusunga Chilamulo sizinafunikire kaamba ka chipulumuko.​—Agalatiya 5:1.

15. Kodi ndi mfundo zazikulu ziti zimene zinapangidwa ndi Yakobo, ndipo kodi iye analingaliranji kulembedwera Akristu Akunja?

¹⁵ Mpingo unakhala chete pamene Petro anamaliza, koma zambiri zinafunikira kunenedwa. (15:12-21) Barnaba ndi Paulo anasimba za zizindikiro zimene Mulungu anazichita kupyolera mwa iwo pakati pa Akunja. Pamenepo tcheyamani, Yakobo mbale wa Yesu mwa bambo wina, anati: ‘Sumeoni [dzina Lachihebri la Petro] wabwereza kuti poyamba Mulungu anayang’anira amitundu, kuti atenge mwa iwo anthu a dzina lake.’ Yakobo anasonyeza kuti kumangidwanso konenedweratu kwa ‘chihema cha Davide’ (kukhazikitsidwanso kwa ufumuwo mumzera wa Davide) kunkakwaniritsidwa mwakusonkhanitsa ophunzira a Yesu (olowa nyumba a Ufumu) kuchokera pakati pa onse aŵiri Ayuda ndi Akunja. (Amosi 9:11, 12, Septuagint; Aroma 8:17) Popeza kuti Mulungu ndiye amene anafuna ichi, ophunzira anayenera kuchivomereza. Yakobo analangiza za kulembera Akristu Akunja kusala (1) zinthu zoipitsidwa ndi mafano, (2) dama, ndi (3) mwazi ndi zopotola. Ziletsozi zinali m’zolembera za Mose zomwe zinaŵerengedwa m’masunagoge pa tsiku lirilonse la Sabata.​—Genesis 9:3, 4; 12:15-17; 35:2, 4.

16. Kodi ndi pamfundo zitatu ziti pamene kalata ya bungwe lolamulira la m’zaka za zana loyamba linaperekera chitsogozo kufikira m’tsiku lathu?

¹⁶ Pambuyo pake bungwe lolamulira linatumiza kalata kwa Akristu Akunja mu Antiokeya, Suriya, ndi Kilikiya. (15:22-35) Mzimu woyera ndi alembi a makalatawo anafulumiza kusala zinthu zoperekedwa nsembe mafano; mwazi (womwedwa mokhazikika ndi anthu ena); zinthu zopotoledwa popanda kuchotsamo mwazi wake (akunja ambiri ankawona nyamazo kukhala zabwino); ndi dama (Chigiriki, por·neiʹa, kutantahuza unansi wakugonana kopanda lamulo kunja kwa ukwati wa m’Malemba). Mwakusala koteroko, iwo akapambana mwauzimu, mongatu mmene Mboni za Yehova zimachitira tsopano popeza kuti zimagwirizana ndi “izi zoyenerazi.” Mawu akuti “Umoyo wabwino kwa inu!” (NW) anafanana ndi kunena kuti “Tsalani bwino,” ndipo sikuyenera kuganiziridwa kuti ziyeneretsozi poyambopo zinachita ndi miyezo yaumoyo. Pamene kalatayo inaŵerengedwa mu Antiokeya, mpingo unasangalala ndi chilimbikitso choperekedwacho. Panthaŵiyo, anthu a Mulungu mu Antiokeya ankalimbikitsidwanso m’chikhulupiriro ndi mawu olimbikitsa a Paulo, Sila, Barnaba, ndi ena. Lolani kuti nafenso tifunefune njira zolimbikitsira ndi kudandaulira akhulupiriri anzathu.

Ulendo Wachiŵiri Waumishonale Uyambika

17. (a) Kodi ndi vuto liti limene linabuka pamene ulendo wachiŵiri waumishonale unapangidwa? (b) Kodi ndimotani mmene Paulo ndi Barnaba anasamalira kupsyetsana mtima kwawo?

¹⁷ Vuto linabuka pamene ulendo wachiŵiri waumishonale unapangidwa. (15:36-41) Paulo analingalira kuti iye ndi Barnaba achezerenso mipingo ya mu Kupro ndi Asia Minor. Barnaba anavomereza koma anafuna kupita limodzi ndi msuwani wake Marko. Paulo anakana chifukwa chakuti Marko anawasiya mu Pamfuliya. Izi pokhala tero, ‘kupsyetsana mtima’ kunabuka. Koma Paulo osatinso Barnaba sanafune kudzilungamitsa mwakuyesera kuloŵetsamo akulu ena kapena bungwe lolamulira m’zochitika zapaokhazo. Nchitsanzo chabwino chotani nanga!

18. Kodi chinatulukapo nchiyani pa kulekanitsidwa kwa Paulo ndi Barnaba, ndipo kodi ndimotani mmene tingapindulire ndi chochitikachi?

¹⁸ Komabe, kupsyetsana mtimako kunapangitsa kulekana. Barnaba anapita ndi Marko kunka ku Kupro. Paulo, ndi Sila monga wonka naye, “anapita kupyola pa Suriya ndi Kilikiya, nakhazikitsa Mipingo.” Barnaba angakhale anasonkhezeredwa ndi ubale wam’banja, koma akayenera kuvomereza utumwi wa Paulo ndi kusankhidwa monga ‘chotengera . . . chosankhika.’ (Machitidwe 9:15) Ndipo bwanji ponena za ife? Chochitikachi chiyenera kusindikiza pa ife kufunika kwa kuzindikira ulamuliro wateokratiki ndi kugwirizana kotheratu ndi ‘kapolo wokhulupiririka ndi wochenjera’!​—Mateyu 24:45-47.

Kupita Patsogolo Mwamtendere

19. Kodi nchitsanzo chotani chimene achichepere Achikristu amakono angatenge mwa Timoteo?

¹⁹ Kupsyetsana mtimaku sikunaloledwe kuyambukira mtendere wa mpingo. Anthu a Mulungu anapitirizabe kulimbikitsidwa m’chikhulupiriro. (16:1-5) Paulo ndi Sila ananka ku Derbe ndikupitirira kunka ku Lustra. Kumeneko kunkakhala Timoteo, mwana wa m’khulupiriri Wachiyuda Yunike ndi mwamuna wake wosakhulupirira Wachigiriki. Timoteo anali wachichepere, popeza kuti zaka zokwanira 18 kapena 20 pambuyo pake, adauzidwabe kuti: “Munthu asapeputse ubwana wako.” (1 Timoteo 4:12) Popeza kuti ‘anamchitira umboni wabwino abale a ku Lustra ndi Ikoniyo [mtunda wa makilomita 29],’ iye anali wodziŵika bwino kwambiri chifukwa cha utumiki wake wabwino ndi mikhalidwe yaumulungu. Achichepere Achikristu lerolino ayenera kufunafuna thandizo la Yehova kupanga dzina lofananalo. Paulo anadula Timoteo chifukwa chakuti ankapita kunyumba ndi masunagoge a Ayuda omwe anadziŵa kuti bambo wa Timoteo anali Wakunja, ndipo mtumwiyo sanafune chirichonse kuwaletsa kunka kwa amuna ndi akazi Achiyuda amene anafuna kuphunzira ponena za Mesiya. Popanda kuswa malamulo abwino a Baibulo, Mboni za Yehova lerolino zimachitanso zomwe zingathe kupangitsa mbiri yabwino kuvomerezedwa ndi anthu a mitundu yonse.​—1 Akorinto 9:19-23.

20. Kodi kugwirizana ndi kalata ya bungwe lolamulira ya m’zaka za zana loyamba kunali ndi chiyambukiro chotani, ndipo kodi muganiza kuti ichi chiyenera kutiyambukira motani?

²⁰ Pokhala ndi Timoteo monga kalinde, Paulo ndi Sila anafotokozera ophunzirawo malamulo ofunikira kusungidwa a bungwe lolamulira. Ndipo kodi chinatulukapo nchiyani? Mwachiwonekere ponena za Suriya, Kilikiya, ndi Galatiya, Luka analemba kuti: ‘Mipingoyo inalimbikitsidwa m’chikhulupiriro, nachuluka m’chiwerengero chawo tsiku ndi tsiku.’ Inde, kugwirizana ndi kalata ya bungwe lolamulira kunatulukapo umodzi ndi kupita patsogolo kwauzimu. Nchitsanzo chabwino chotani nanga kaamba ka nthaŵi zathu zovutazi, pamene anthu a Yehova afunikira kukhala paumodzi ndi olimba m’chikhulupiriro!

Kodi Mungayankhe Motani?

◻ Kodi Paulo ndi Barnaba anachita motani ndi chizunzo?

◻ Kodi tingaphunzire nchiyani ku ndemanga iyi: “Tiyenera kulowa m’ufumu wa Mulungu ndi zisautso zambiri”?

◻ Kodi ndi uphungu wotani umene timapeza pa mfundo zitatu za m’kalata yotumizidwa ndi bungwe lolamulira la m’zaka za zana loyamba?

◻ Kodi ndimotani mmene nsonga zimene zinachititsa mboni za m’zaka za zana loyamba kukhala zolimba m’chikhulupiriro zingagwirire ntchito kwa ife lerolino?