Kuvundukula Chinjokacho

“Ndipo panali tsiku lakuti ana a Mulungu anadza kudziwonetsera kwa Yehova, nadzanso Satana pakati pawo.”​—YOBU 1:6.

 1. (a) Nchiyani chomwe chiri chiyambi ndi tanthauzo la dzina lakuti Satana? (b) Ndi nthaŵi zingati zimene “Satana” amawoneka m’Malemba, ndipo ndi mafunso otani amene akubuka?

NCHIYANI chomwe chiri chiyambi cha dzina lakuti Satana? Kodi ilo limatanthauzanji? M’makhazikitsidwe ake a Baibulo, ilo limapangidwa kuchokera ku zirembo zitatu za Chihebri ש (Sin), ט (Tehth)), ndi נ (Nun). Ndi nsonga za mavawelo awo, zirembo zimenezi zimapanga liwu lakuti “Satana,” limene, mogwirizana ndi wophunzira Edward Langton, liri “lotengedwa kuchokera ku magwero omwe amatanthauza ‘kutsutsa,’ kapena ‘kukhala kapena kuchita monga mdani.’” (Yerekezani ndi 1 Peter 5:8.) Ngakhale kuti dzina lakuti Satana limawoneka nthaŵi zoposa 50 m’Baibulo, ilo limawoneka kokha nthaŵi 18 m’Malemba a Chihebri ndipo kokha m’mabukhu a 1 Mbiri, Yobu, ndi Zekariya. Chotero mafunso amabuka kuti, Ndi liti pamene munthu anakhala wozindikira za kuwukira ndi machitachita a Satana? Ndi liti pamene Satana choyamba anavumbulidwa mowonekera bwino m’Malemba a Chihebri?

 2. Ndi funso lotani limene silinayankhidwe mwamsanga pambuyo pa kuwukira kwa Adamu ndi Hava?

² Baibulo limalongosola m’njira zopepuka koma zotsimikizirika mmene chimo ndi kuwukira zinakhalirapo pa dziko lapansi, mu umene unali munda wa paradaiso ku Middle East. (Onani Genesis, mitu 2 ndi 3.) Ngakhale kuti wopititsa patsogolo wa kusamvera kwa Adamu ndi Hava akuzindikiritsidwa monga chinjoka, palibe mfungulo ya mwamsanga yomwe yaperekedwa ponena za yemwe anali mphamvu yeniyeni ndi nzeru kumbuyo kwa liwu lotulutsidwa ndi chinjokacho. Mosasamala kanthu za chimenecho, Adamu anali ndi nthaŵi yaitali ya kuwunikira pa zochitika mu Edeni zomwe zinatsogoza ku kutulutsidwa kwake mu paki ya paradaiso.​—Genesis 3:17, 18, 23; 5:5.

 3. Ngakhale kuti sananyengedwe, ndimotani mmene Adamu anachimwira, ndipo nchiyani chomwe chinali chotulukapo kwa mtundu wa anthu?

³ Mwachidziŵikire, Adamu anadziŵa kuti nyama sizilankhula ndi nzeru za munthu. Iye anadziŵanso kuti Mulungu sanalankhule kwa iye kupyolera mwa nyama iriyonse chisanachitike chiyeso cha Hava. Chotero ndani yemwe anauza mkazi wake kusamvera Mulungu? Paulo akunena kuti ngakhale kuti mkaziyo ananyengedwe kotheratu, Adamu sananyengedwe. (Genesis 3:11-13, 17; 1 Timoteo 2:14) Mwinamwake Adamu anazindikira kuti cholengedwa china chosawoneka chinali kupereka kusintha ku kumvera Mulungu. Komabe, ngakhale kuti iye iyemwini sanafikiridwe ndi chinjokacho, iye anasankha kuyendera limodzi ndi mkazi wake m’kusamvera. Kachitidwe kadala ndi kodzifunira ka Adamu ka kusamvera kanaswa chimango cha ungwiro, kanayambitsa zotulukapo za chimo, ndipo kanatsogoza ku chilango chonenedweratucho cha imfa. Ndipo chotero, akumagwiritsira ntchito mthenga wa njoka, Satana anakhala wakupha munthu woyambirira.​—Yohane 8:44; Aroma 5:12, 14.

4, 5. (a) Ndi chiŵeruzo cha ulosi chotani chimene chinapatsidwa motsutsana ndi chinjokacho? (b) Ndi zinsinsi zotani zimene zinakupatiridwa ndi ulosi umenewo?

⁴ Kuwukira mu Edeni kunatulukapo chiweruzo cha ulosi kuchokera kwa Mulungu. Chiŵeruzo chimenecho chinaphatikizapo “chinsinsi chopatukila” kotero kuti chikatenga zikwi za zaka kuti chimasulidwe kotheratu. Mulungu anati kwa njokayo: “Ndidzaika udani pakati pa iwe ndi mkaziyo ndi pakati pa mbewu yako ndi mbewu yake. Ndipo idzalalira mutu wako ndipo iwe udzalalira chitende chake.”​—Aefeso 5:32; Genesis 3:15.

⁵ Ulosi wofunika kwambiri umenewu umakupatira zinsinsi zingapo. Ndani kwenikweni amene anatanthauzidwa ndi “mkazi”? Kodi anali Hava, kapena kodi iye anali mkazi wophiphiritsira wa chifuno chapadera chokulira kuposa Hava? Ndiponso, nchiyani chomwe chinatanthauzidwa ndi ‘mbewu ya mkazi’ ndi ‘mbewu ya njoka’? Ndipo kodi ndani kwenikweni anali njokayo imene mbewu yake ikakhala pa udani ndi mbewu ya mkazi? Monga mmene tidzakambitsirana posachedwapa, Yehova mwachidziŵikire anagamulapo kuti mafunso amenewa adzapeza yankho lokulira m’nthaŵi yake yoikika.​—Yerekezani Danieli 12:4 ndi Akolose 1:25, 26.

Umboni Wowonjezereka wa Kuwukira m’Mwamba

 6. Kodi ndi chisonyezero chotani cha kuwukira kumwamba chimene chinawonedwa chisanachitike Chigumula?

⁶ Pamene mbiri ya Baibulo ikuyambika, chisonyezero china cha kuwukira pa mlingo wokulira wa moyo kuposa uja wa anthu chikuvumbulidwa mwamsanga chisanachitike Chigumula, zaka zina 1,500 pambuyo pa kugwera mu chimo kwa munthu. Mbiri ya Baibulo imatiwuza ife kuti “ana amuna a Mulungu anayang’ana ana a akazi a anthu, kuti iwo anali okongola; ndipo anadzitengera okha akazi, onse amene anawasankha.” Mbadwa zosakanizikana za kugwirizana kosakhala kwa chilengedwe kumeneku zinadziŵika monga “Anefili,” “anthu amphamvu akalekale, anthu omveka.” (Genesis 6:1-4; yerekezani ndi Yobu 1:6 kaamba ka chizindikiriso cha “ana a Mulungu.”) Zaka zina 2,400 pambuyo pake, Yuda anapereka ndemanga yachidule pa chochitika chimenecho pamene analemba kuti: “Angelo amene . . . anasiya pokhala pawopawo anawasunga m’ndende zosatha pansi pa mdima kufikira chiŵeruziro cha tsiku lalikulu.”​—Yuda 6; 2 Petro 2:4, 5.

 7. Mosasamala kanthu za kuipa kwa munthu, ndi kusatchulidwa kosangalatsa kotani kumene tikupeza m’mabukhu ambiri a m’mbiri a Baibulo?

⁷ Pa nsonga imeneyi chisanachitike Chigumula “kuipa kwa anthu kunali kwakukulu pa dziko lapansi, ndiponso kuti ndingaliro zonse za maganizo a mitima yawo zinali zoipabe zokhazokha.” Mosasamala, kanthu za chimenecho, Satana sanazindikiritsidwe mwachindunji m’bukhu lowuziridwa la Genesis monga chisonkhezero champhamvu kumbuyo kwa kuwukira kwa ungelo ndi kuipa kwa munthu. (Genesis 6:5) Ndithudi, kupyola m’biri yonse ya mitundu ya Israyeli and Yuda, ndi kugwera kwawo kokhazikika m’kulambira mafano ndi kulambira konyenga, Satana sakutchulidwa nkomwe m’mabukhu owuziridwa a Baibulo a Oŵeruza, Samueli, and Mafumu kukhala chisonkhezero chosawonekera kumbuyo kwa zochitika zimenezi​—ichi mosasamala kanthu za kuvomereza kwa Satana iyemwini kuti iye anali “kupitapita m’dziko ndi kuyendayenda momwemo.”​—Yobu 1:7; 2:2.

 8. Kodi Yobu poyambirira anadziŵa za mbali imene Satana anachita m’kuvutika kwake? Ndimotani mmene tikudziŵira?

⁸ Ngakhale pamene tilingalira mbiri yowonekera ya Yobu ndi ziyeso zake, tikuwona kuti Yobu sakupereka ziyeso zake kwa mdaniyo, Satana. Mwachiwonekere, iye sanali wozindikira pa nthaŵiyo za nkhani yomwe inalenjekeka pa chotulukapo cha khalidwe lake. (Yobu 1:6-12) Iye sanazindikire kuti Satana anali atakulitsa vutolo mwa kutokosa umphumphu wa Yobu pamaso pa Yehova. Chotero, pamene mkazi wa Yobu anamudzudzula iye ndi mawu akuti: “Kodi uwumiriranso kukhala wangwiro? Chitira Mulungu mwano ufe!” iye anangoyankha kuti: “Tidzalandira zokomakwa Mulungu kodi osalandiranso zoipa?” Popanda kudziŵa magwero owona a ziyeso zake, iye mwachidziŵikire anawona iwo kukhala ngati ochokera kwa Mulungu, ndipo chotero chinachake choyenera kulandiridwa. Chotero, ichi chinakhala chiyeso chowopsya kwambiri cha Yobu.​—Yobu 1:21; 2:9, 10.

 9. Ndi funso lanzeru lotani limene lingadzutsidwe ponena za Mose?

⁹ Tsopano funso likubuka. Ngati, monga mmene timakhulupirira, Mose analemba bukhu la Yobu ndipo chotero anadziŵa kuti Satana anali kuyendayenda m’dziko apansi, nchifukwa ninji chiri chakuti iye sakulankhula za Satana ndi dzina mu lirilonse la mabukhu a Pentateuch, amene iyenso anawalemba? Inde, nchifukwa ninji Satana akutchulidwa mochepera chotero m’Malemba a Chihebri?a

Kuvumbulidwa Kokhala ndi Malire kwa Satana

10. Ndimotani mmene Satana anapatsidwira kuvumbulutsidwa kokhala ndi polekezera kokha m’Malemba a Chihebri?

¹⁰ Ngakhale kuti anali kutsutsa machitachita owuziridwa ndi ziwanda, Yehova mu nzeru yake mwachiwonekera anali ndi zifukwa zabwino za kutsimikizira kuti Mdani wake, Satana, ayenera kupatsidwa kokha kuvumbulidwa kokhala ndi polekezera m’Malemba a Chihebri. (Levitiko 17:7; Deuteronomo 18:10-13; 32:16, 17; 2 Mbiri 11:15) Chotero, ngakhale kuti alembi a Chihebri angakhale anali ndi chidziŵitso china cha Satana ndi mbali yake yowukira m’mwamba, iwo anawuziridwa kokha kulongosola ndi kuvumbula machimo a anthu a Mulungu ndi mitundu yowazinga iwo ndi kuchenjeza motsutsana ndi kuipa kwako. (Eksodo 20:1-17; Deuteronomo 18:9-13) Dzina la Satana linatchulidwa mwa kamodzikamodzi.

11, 12. Ndimotani mmene timadziŵira kuti olemba Baibulo a Chihebri sanali osadziŵa ponena za Satana ndi chisonkhezero chake?

¹¹ M’chiyang’aniro cha zochitika mu Edeni, kutsitsidwa kwa “ana a Mulungu wowona,” ndi cholembera m’bukhu la Yobu, alembi owuziridwa a Baibulo a Chihebri sanali osadziŵa ponena za kuipa, chisonkhezero choposa cha chilengedwe cha Satana. Mneneri Zekariya, yemwe analemba kumapeto kwa zana lachisanu ndi chimodzi B.C.E., anali ndi masomphenya a wansembe wamkulu Yoswa ndi “Satana ali kuima pa dzanja lake lamanja atsutsana naye. Ndipo [mngelo wa, NW] Yehova anati kwa Satana: ‘Yehova akudzudzula, Satana iwe, inde, Yehova akudzudzula.’” (Zekariya 3:1, 2) Ndiponso, mlembi Ezara, akumalemba mbiri ya Israyeli ndi Yuda m’zana lachisanu B.C.E., ananena kuti “Pamenepo Satana anawukira Israyeli nasonkhezera Davide aŵerenge Israyeli.”​—1 Mbiri 21:1.

¹² Chotero, pofika nthaŵi ya Zekariya, mzimu woyera unali kulola mbali ya Satana kukhala yowonekera kwambiri m’Malemba. Koma mazana ena asanu akapita cholengedwa choipa chimenechi chisanavumbulidwe kotheratu m’Mawu a Mulungu. Ndi maziko a Baibulo, ndi chifukwa chotani chimene tingatenge kuchokera ku kuikidwa nthaŵi kumeneku m’kuvumbula Satana kotheratu?

Mfungulo ku Chinsinsicho

13-15. (a) Ndi zowonadi zoyambiririra ziti zomwe ziri mfungulo ku kumvetsetsa chifukwa chimene Satana anapatsidwa kuvumbulidwa kokhala ndi polekezera m’Malemba a Chihebri? (b) Ndi kudza kwa Yesu, ndimotani mmene Satana anabweretsedwera m’malo owonekera?

¹³ Kwa Mkristu wokhala ndi chikhulupiriro m’Mawu a Mulungu, mfungulo ya maziko ku awa ndi mafunso apapitapo amene tawadzutsa siiri yoyenera kupezedwa m’kusuliza kokulira, ngati kuti Baibulo linali chabe bukhu lapamwamba, kokha chotulutsa cha anthu anzeru zoposa. Mfungulo yavumbulidwa mu zowonadi zenizeni ziŵiri za Baibulo. Choyamba, monga mmene Mfumu Solomo analembera: “Mayendedwe a olungama akunga kuwunikira kwa mbanda kucha kunkabe kuwala kufikira usana woti mbee.” (Miyambo 4:18; yerekezani ndi Danieli 12:4; 2 Petro 1:19-21.) Chowonadi chimavumbulidwa pang’onopang’ono m’Mawu a Mulungu pa nthaŵi ya Mulungu, m’chigwirizano ndi chifuno ndi kuthekera kwa atumiki ake kwa kumwerekera chowonadi choterocho.​—Yohane 16:12, 13; yerekezani ndi 6:48-69.

¹⁴ Chowonadi chenicheni chachiŵiri chiri mu chimene mtumwi Paulo analembera kwa wophunzira Wachikristu Timoteo: “Lemba lirilonse adaliwuzira Mulungu ndipo lipindulitsa pa chiphunzitso, . . . kuti munthu wa Mulungu akhale woyenerera, wokonzeka kuchita ntchito iriyonse yabwino.” (2 Timoteo 3:16, 17) Mwana wa Mulungu, Yesu, akavumbula Satana, ndipo ichi chikalembedwa m’Malemba, mwakutero kukonzekeretsa mpingo Wachikristu kuchirimika molimbana ndi Satana m’kuchirikiza ulamuliro wa Yehova.​—Yohane 12:28-31; 14:30.

¹⁵ Pa maziko amenewa chinsinsi cha Genesis 3:15 chakhala chikuvundukulidwa pang’onopang’ono. Pansi pa chitsogozo cha mzimu woyera wa Mulungu, kapena mphamvu yogwira ntchito, Malemba a Chihebri anapereka mbaliwali za kuwala pa Mesiya womadzayo, kapena Mbewu. (Yesaya 9:6, 7; 53:1-12) Mofanana ndi ichi, iwo anali ndi ziwunikiro zachidule za kuwala pa mbali ya Satana monga Mdani wa Mulungu ndi mdani wa mtundu wa anthu. Koma ndi kudza kwa Yesu, Satana anabweretsedwa kotheratu m’malo owonekera pamene iye anatenga kachitidwe kotonza ndipo kachindunji molimbana ndi Mbewu yolonjezedwayo, Yesu Kristu. Pamene zochitika zinakula m’zana loyamba la nyengo Yachikristu, mbali za “mkazi,” gulu lauzimu la kumwamba la Yehova, ndi za Mbewu, Yesu Kristu, zinazindikiritsidwa m’Malemba Achikristu a Chigriki. Pa nthaŵi imodzimodziyo, mbali ya Satana, “njoka yokalambayo” inabweretsedwa mokulira m’malo owonekera.​—Chivumbulutso 12:1-9; Mateyu 4:1-11; Agalatiya 3:16; 4:26.

Chinsinsi Chopatulika Chivundukulidwa

16, 17. Nchiyani chomwe “chinsinsi chopatulika cha Kristu” chinaphatikiza?

¹⁶ Mtumwi Paulo analemba mokulira ponena za “chinsinsi chopatulika cha Kristu.” (Aefeso 3:2-4; Aroma 11:25; 16:25) Chinsinsi chopatulika chimenechi chinayenera kuchita ndi “mbewu” yowona yomwe kenaka ikaphwanya njoka yokalambayo, Satana Mdyerekezi. (Chivumbulutso 20:1-3, 10) Chinsinsicho chinaphatikiza chenicheni chakuti Yesu anali woyamba ndi chiwalo choyambirira cha “mbewu” imeneyo koma kuti iye akagwirizana ndi ena, “olowa m’nyumba anzake,” choyambirira kuchokera kwa Ayuda ndipo kenaka Asamariya ndi Akunja, kukwaniritsa chiŵerengero cha “mbewu” imeneyo.​—Aroma 8:17; Agalatiya 3:16, 19, 26-29; Chivumbulutso 7:4; 14:1.

¹⁷ Paulo akulongosola kuti: “Chinsinsi chimene sanachizindikiritsa ana a anthu m’mibadwo ina, monga anachivumbulutsa tsopano kwa atumwi ndi aneneri ake oyera mu mzimu.” Ndipo nchiyani chomwe chinali chinsinsi chimenecho? “Kuti amitundu ali olowa m’nyumba pamodzi ndi ife ndi ziwalo zinzathu za thupilo ndi olandira nafe pamodzi malonjezano mwa Kristu Yesu mwa uthenga wabwino.”​—Aefeso 3:5, 6; Akolose 1:25-27.

18. (a) Ndimotani mmene Paulo akusonyezera kuti nthaŵi inafunikira kuti ivumbule tanthauzo la “chinsinsi chopatulika”? (b) Ndimotani mmene kuvumbula kumeneku kukayambukirira kumvetsetsa kwathu ponena za “njoka yokalambayo”?

¹⁸ Paulo anasangalatsidwa kuti iye mwa anthu onse agwiritsiridwe ntchito kulalikira “mbiri yabwino ya chuma chosalondoloka cha Kristu ndi kuwalitsira osadziŵa makonzedwe a chinsinsicho chimene chinabisika kuyambira kalekale mwa Mulungu, wolenga zonse.” Kapena monga mmene iye wachiikira icho kwa Akolose: “Ndipo chinsinsicho anachibisa kuyambira pa nthaŵizo, ndi kuyambira pa mibadwoyo, ya chiwonetsero tsopano kwa oyera mtima ake.” Mwa nzeru, ngati chinsinsi chonena za “mbewu” pomalizira pake chinawululidwa, icho chikaphatikizaponso kuvundukulidwa kotheratu kwa Mdani wamkulu, “njoka yokalambayo.” Mwachiwonekere, Yehova sanasankhe kupanga nkhani ya Satana yowonekera kufikira kudza kwa Mesiya. Ndipo ndani amene akanavundukula bwinoko Satana kuposa Mbewuyo, Kristu Yesu iyemwini?​—Aefeso 3:8, 9; Akolose 1:26.

Yesu Avumbulutsa Mdaniyo

19. Ndimotani mmene Yesu anavumbulutsira Mdaniyo?

¹⁹ Kumayambiriro mu utumiki wake, Yesu mwachindunji anakana Woyesayo ndi mawu akuti: “Choka Satana! Pakuti kwalembedwa, ‘[Yehova] Mulungu wako udzamugwadira, ndipo iye yekha udzamulambira.’” (Mateyu 4:3, 10) Pa chochitika chosiyana, Yesu anavumbulutsa adani ake onyenga a chipembedzo omwe anali ndi malingaliro akupha kulinga kwa iye mwa kutsutsa wopititsa patsogolo wawo ndi kumuvumbula iye monga mphamvu kumbuyo kwa njoka mu Edeni, akumanena kuti: “Inu muli ochokera mwa atate wanu Mdyerekezi, ndipo zolakalaka zake za atate wanu mufuna kuchita. Iyeyu anali wambanda kuyambira pa chiyambi, ndipo sanaima m’chowonadi, pakuti mwa iye mulibe chowonadi. Pamene alankhula bodza, alankhula za mwiniwake, pakuti ali wabodza ndi atate wake wa bodza.”​—Yohane 8:44.

20. Ndi maziko otani amene Yesu anali nawo a kuvumbulutsira Satana?

²⁰ Ndimotani mmene Yesu akanakhalira wotsimikizira chotero m’kutsutsa kwake Satana? Ndimotani mmene akamudziŵira iye bwino lomwe motero? Chifukwa iye anakhalako limodzi ndi Satana kumwamba! Ngakhale pamene ameneyo asanawukire monyada molimbana ndi Wolamulira Ambuye Yehova, Yesu, monga Mawu, anamudziŵa iye. (Yohane 1:1-3; Akolose 1:15, 16) Iye anali atawona machitachita ake a chinyengo kupyolera mwa njoka mu Edeni. Iye anali atawona chisonkhezero chake chochenjera pa Kaini wakupha mbale wake. (Genesis 4:3-8; 1 Yohane 3:12) Pambuyo pake, Yesu analipo m’mabwalo a kumwamba a Yehova “pamene ana a Mulungu anadza . . . , Satana yemwe pakati pawo.” (Yobu 1:6; 2:1) Oo, inde, Yesu anamudziŵa iye kuyambira pa chiyambi ndipo anali wokonzekera kuvumbula chimene iye anali​—wobodza, wakupha, woneneza, ndi mdani wa Mulungu!​—Miyambo 8:22-31; Yohane 8:58.

21. Ndi mafunso otani amene atsala kuti ayankhidwe?

²¹ Ndi mdani wamphamvu woteroyo akumasonkhezera mtundu wa anthu ndi mbiriyake, mafunso tsopano ali: Ndi ku utali wowonjezeka wotani kumene Satana wavumbulutsidwira m’Malemba Achikristu a Chigriki? Ndipo ndimotani mmene tingapewere machitachita ake a chinyengo ndi kusungilira umphumphu wathu wa Chikristu?​—Aefeso 6:11, Kingdom Interlinear.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

Kodi Mukukumbukira?

◻ Ndi zinsinsi zotani m’chigwirizano ndi Genesis 3:15 zomwe zinafunikira kulongosoledwa?

◻ Ndi umboni wotani wa kuwukira kumwamba umene ulimo m’Malemba a Chihebri?

◻ Ndi zowonadi ziŵiri ziti zomwe zimatithandiza ife kumvetsetsa chifukwa chimene Satana akutchulidwira mwa kamodzikamodzi m’Malemba a Chihebri?

◻ Nchiyani chimene “chinsinsi chopatulika cha Kristu” chiyenera kuchita ndi kuvumbulidwa kwa Satana ndi mbali yake?

[Zithunzi patsamba 9]

Chisonkhezero cha Satana chinali chowonekera kotheratu pakati pa mtundu wa anthu m’dziko la Chigumula chisanadze

[Chithunzi patsamba 10]

Anali Satana​—munthu weniweni​—amene anatokosa Mulungu ponena za umphumphu wa Yobu