Mutu 30

“Babulo Wamkulu Wagwa”

 1. Kodi mngelo wachiwiri analengeza chiyani, ndipo Babulo Wamkulu ndani?

OLA loti Mulungu apereke chiweruzo lafika. Tsopano mvetserani uthenga wotsatira wa Mulungu. Yohane anati: “Kenako mngelo wina wachiwiri anamutsatira, ndipo anati: ‘Wagwa! Babulo Wamkulu wagwa, amene anachititsa mitundu yonse ya anthu kumwako vinyo wa mkwiyo wake ndi wa dama lake!’” (Chivumbulutso 14:8) Kwa nthawi yoyamba, koma osati yomaliza, buku la Chivumbulutso likunena za Babulo Wamkulu. Kutsogoloku, chaputala 17 chifotokoza za Babulo ameneyu kuti ndi hule. Koma kodi hule limeneli ndani? Tiona kutsogoloku kuti iye akupezeka padziko lonse, ndi wachipembedzo ndipo ndi gulu lachinyengo limene Satana wakhazikitsa kuti alimbane ndi mbewu ya mkazi wa Mulungu. (Chivumbulutso 12:17) Babulo Wamkulu ndi zipembedzo zonyenga zonse pamodzi. M’Babulo Wamkulu muli zipembedzo zonse zimene zimaphunzitsa mfundo zochokera ku Babulo wakale ndiponso zimatsatira miyambo yake, ndipo zochita za anthu ake zimafanana ndi za anthu akale a ku Babulo.

 2. (a) Kodi chipembedzo cha ku Babulo chinafalikira bwanji padziko lonse lapansi? (b) Kodi gawo lalikulu la Babulo Wamkulu ndi liti, ndipo linakhala liti gulu lamphamvu?

² Ku Babulo n’kumene Yehova anasokonezera chinenero cha anthu amene ankafuna kumanga Nsanja ya Babele zaka zoposa 4,000 zapitazo. Anthu amene ankalankhula zinenero zosiyanasiyana anabalalikira m’madera osiyanasiyana a dziko lapansi ndipo pochoka ku Babuloko, iwo anapita ndi miyambo ndiponso zikhulupiriro zampatuko zimene zipembedzo zambiri zikutsatirabe mpaka pano. (Genesis 11:1-9) Babulo Wamkulu ndi mbali yachipembedzo ya gulu la Satana. (Yerekezerani ndi Yohane 8:43-47.) Gawo lalikulu la Babulo Wamkulu masiku ano ndi Matchalitchi Achikhristu ampatuko. Matchalitchi amenewa anakhala gulu lamphamvu losamvera malamulo pafupifupi zaka 400 Khristu atapita kumwamba. Miyambo ndi zikhulupiriro zawo sizinali zochokera m’Baibulo koma zambiri zinali zochokera m’chipembedzo cha ku Babulo.—2 Atesalonika 2:3-12.

 3. N’chifukwa chiyani tinganene kuti Babulo Wamkulu wagwa?

³ Koma mwina mungafunse kuti, ‘Popeza chipembedzo chidakali champhamvu kwambiri padziko lapansi, n’chifukwa chiyani mngelo uja analengeza kuti Babulo Wamkulu wagwa?’ Kuti tidziwe yankho la funso limeneli, taganizirani zimene zinachitika Babulo wakale atagwa mu 539 B.C.E. Aisiraeli anamasulidwa mu ukapolo ndipo anabwerera kwawo kuti akayambirenso kulambira Mulungu woona. Mu 1919 Isiraeli wauzimu anamasulidwa mu ukapolo ndipo anayamba kukhala m’malo auzimu abwino kwambiri, amene akupitirizabe kukula mpaka pano. Umenewu ndi umboni wakuti Babulo Wamkulu anagwa m’chaka chimenecho. Tsopano iye alibenso mphamvu pa anthu a Mulungu. Komanso m’matchalitchi ake muli mavuto aakulu. Kuyambira mu 1919 zaonekera kwambiri kuti akuluakulu a m’matchalitchi ake ndi okonda katangale, amachita zinthu zachinyengo, komanso amakonda chiwerewere. M’mayiko ambiri a ku Ulaya, anthu ochuluka anasiya kupita kutchalitchi, ndipo m’mayiko ena amene boma limayendetsa lokha ntchito zonse za malonda, anthu amaona kuti chipembedzo “chimapusitsa anthu ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo.” Babulo Wamkulu wachititsidwa manyazi pamaso pa anthu onse okonda Mawu a Mulungu a choonadi, ndipo tinganene kuti tsopano akuyembekezera kuphedwa, pamene akudikira chiweruzo cholungama cha Yehova.

Babulo Wagwa Mochititsa Manyazi

4-6. Kodi ‘Babulo Wamkulu anachititsa bwanji mitundu yonse ya anthu kumwako vinyo wa mkwiyo wake ndi wa dama lake’?

⁴ Tsopano tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane zimene zinachitika pamene Babulo Wamkulu anagwa mochititsa manyazi. Palembali, mngelo akutiuza kuti “Babulo Wamkulu . . . anachititsa mitundu yonse ya anthu kumwako vinyo wa mkwiyo wake ndi wa dama lake.” Kodi zimenezi zikutanthauza chiyani? Zikutanthauza kupambana pa nkhondo. Mwachitsanzo, Yehova anauza Yeremiya kuti: “Landira chikho ichi chimene chili m’dzanja langa. Mmenemu muli vinyo wa mkwiyo ndipo ukamwetse mitundu yonse imene ndikukutumizako. Iwo akamwe ndi kudzandira uku ndi uku ndipo akakhale ngati anthu amisala chifukwa cha lupanga limene ndikuwatumizira pakati pawo.” (Yeremiya 25:15, 16) M’ma 500 ndi 600 B.C.E., Yehova anagwiritsa ntchito Babulo wakale potsanula chikho chophiphiritsa cha masautso kuti mitundu yambiri imwe, kuphatikizapo mtundu wampatuko wa Yuda, moti ngakhale anthu ake anatengedwa kupita ku ukapolo. Kenako Babulo nayenso anagwa chifukwa chakuti mfumu yake inadzikweza pamaso pa Yehova, “Ambuye wakumwamba.”—Danieli 5:23.

⁵ Babulo Wamkulu nayenso wapambana pa nkhondo, koma nthawi zambiri sanachite zimenezi moonetsera. Iye ‘wachititsa mitundu yonse ya anthu kumwako vinyo’ poinyengerera ndi uhule wake, ndipo wachita nayo dama lauzimu. Iye wanyengerera atsogoleri andale kuti agwirizane naye ndi kukhala naye pa ubwenzi. Chifukwa cha udindo wake wachipembedzo, iye wapondereza anthu pogwiritsira ntchito ndale, mabizinezi akuluakulu ndiponso chuma cha m’dzikoli. Iye wachititsa kuti anthu a zipembedzo zina azizunzidwa, ndiponso wayambitsa nkhondo pakati pa zipembedzo komanso mayiko. Wachita zonsezi kuti zinthu zizimuyendera bwino pa ndale komanso pa nkhani za malonda, ndipo wadalitsa nkhondo zimenezi ponena kuti zinachitika mwa chifuniro cha Mulungu.

⁶ N’zodziwika bwino kuti zipembedzo zalowerera pa nkhondo m’zaka za m’ma 1900. Mwachitsanzo, Ashinto a ku Japan, Ahindu a ku India, Abuda a ku Vietnam, anthu amene amadzitcha Akhristu ku Northern Ireland ndi ku Latin America, ndiponso anthu a zipembedzo zina, akhala akulowerera pa nkhondo. Komanso kumbali zonse ziwiri za asilikali amene ankamenyana pa nkhondo ziwiri zikuluzikulu za padziko lonse, kunali atsogoleri a chipembedzo amene ankalimbikitsa achinyamata kuti aziphana. Chitsanzo chapadera chosonyeza kuti Babulo Wamkulu ndi hule, ndi zimene Babuloyu anachita polowerera pa nkhondo yapachiweniweni ya ku Spain mu 1936 mpaka mu 1939, pamene anthu pafupifupi 600,000 anaphedwa. Amene anayambitsa nkhondo yoopsayi ndi anthu omwe ankagwirizana ndi atsogoleri a chipembedzo cha Katolika komanso anthu ena. Mwa zina, iwo anachita zimenezi chifukwa chakuti boma la Spain linkafuna kulanda chuma cha tchalitchi cha Katolika komanso kuchepetsa mphamvu za tchalitchicho.

 7. Kodi Babulo Wamkulu wakhala akulimbana ndi ndani kwenikweni, ndipo wakhala akugwiritsa ntchito njira ziti polimbana naye?

⁷ Popeza kuti Babulo Wamkulu ndi mbali yachipembedzo ya mbewu ya Satana, wakhala akulimbana kwambiri ndi “mkazi” wa Yehova, yemwe ndi “Yerusalemu wam’mwamba.” M’nthawi ya atumwi, zinadziwika bwino kuti mpingo wa Akhristu odzozedwa ndiwo mbewu ya mkazi. (Genesis 3:15; Agalatiya 3:29; 4:26) Babulo Wamkulu anayesetsa kuti agonjetse mpingo woyerawo pounyengerera kuti uchite dama lauzimu. Mtumwi Paulo ndi mtumwi Petulo anachenjeza kuti Akhristu ambiri adzakopeka ndipo zimenezi zidzayambitsa mpatuko waukulu. (Machitidwe 20:29, 30; 2 Petulo 2:1-3) Uthenga wa Yesu wopita kumipingo 7 unasonyeza kuti chakumapeto kwa moyo wa Yohane, Babulo Wamkulu ankayesetsa kusokoneza Akhristu oona ndipo zinthu zinkamuyendera bwino. (Chivumbulutso 2:6, 14, 15, 20-23) Koma Yesu anali atasonyeza kale kuti zochita za Babulo Wamkulu zidzakhala ndi malire ake.

Tirigu ndi Namsongole

8, 9. (a) Kodi fanizo la Yesu la tirigu ndi namsongole linasonyeza chiyani? (b) Kodi chinachitika n’chiyani “anthu ali m’tulo”?

⁸ Mu fanizo la Yesu la tirigu ndi namsongole, iye ananena za munthu wina amene anafesa mbewu zabwino m’munda wake. Koma “anthu ali m’tulo,” kunabwera mdani ndipo anafesa namsongole m’mundamo, ndipo namsongoleyo anaphimba tirigu uja. Potanthauzira fanizoli, Yesu anati: “Wofesa mbewu yabwino uja ndi Mwana wa munthu. Munda ndiwo dziko ndipo mbewu zabwino ndi ana a ufumu. Koma namsongole ndi ana a woipayo, ndipo mdani amene anafesa namsongole ndi Mdyerekezi.” Kenako Yesu anasonyeza kuti tirigu ndi namsongoleyo zidzasiyidwa kuti zikulire limodzi mpaka pa “mapeto a nthawi ino,” pamene angelo ‘adzasonkhanitse’ namsongole wophiphiritsayo.—Mateyu 13:24-30, 36-43.

⁹ Zimene Yesu komanso mtumwi Paulo ndi mtumwi Petulo anachenjeza zija zinachitikadi. “Anthu ali m’tulo,” mwina atumwi atagona mu imfa kapena oyang’anira Achikhristu atayamba kuwodzera n’kulephera kuyang’anira nkhosa za Mulungu, mumpingo munayamba mpatuko wachibabulo. (Machitidwe 20:31) Posakhalitsa, namsongole anachuluka kwambiri ndipo anaphimbiratu tirigu uja. Kwa zaka zambiri, zinkaoneka kuti mbewu ya mkazi inaphimbikiratu ndi zovala zikuluzikulu za Babulo Wamkulu, yemwe ndi hule.

10. Kodi chinachitika n’chiyani pofika m’zaka za m’ma 1870, ndipo Babulo Wamkulu anachita chiyani?

¹⁰ Pofika m’zaka za m’ma 1870, Akhristu odzozedwa anayamba kuyesetsa kuchita zinthu zosiyana ndi zochita zauhule za Babulo Wamkulu. Iwo anasiya kukhulupirira ziphunzitso zonyenga zimene Matchalitchi Achikhristu anatenga ku zipembedzo zachikunja, ndipo anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito Baibulo molimba mtima polalikira kuti nthawi za Akunja zidzatha mu 1914. Atsogoleri a Matchalitchi Achikhristu, omwe ndi chida chachikulu chimene Babulo Wamkulu akugwiritsa ntchito, anatsutsa kwambiri Akhristu omwe ankafuna kubwezeretsa kulambira koonawa. Pa nthawi ya nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse, atsogoleri a zipembedzowo anapezerapo mwayi pa zimene zinkachitika kuti afafanize gulu laling’ono la Akhristu okhulupirikawo. Mu 1918, ntchito ya Akhristuwo inatsala pang’ono kutheratu ndipo zinkaoneka ngati Babulo Wamkulu wapambana.

11. Kodi chinachitika n’chiyani Babulo wakale atagwa?

¹¹ Monga taonera kale, mzinda wonyada wakale wa Babulo unagwa mochititsa manyazi mu 539 B.C.E. Kenako panamveka mawu ofuula akuti: “Wagwa! Babulo Wamkulu wagwa.” Mzinda umenewu, womwe unali likulu la ufumu wamphamvu kwambiri padziko lonse, unali utagonjetsedwa ndi asilikali a Mediya ndi Perisiya amene ankatsogoleredwa ndi Koresi Wamkulu. Ngakhale kuti mzinda weniweniwo sunawonongedwe, mzindawo unalandidwa ndipo sunalinso ufumu wamphamvu kwambiri. Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti Ayuda amene anali akapolo mumzindawo amasulidwe ndipo anabwerera ku Yerusalemu kuti akabwezeretse kulambira koyera.—Yesaya 21:9; 2 Mbiri 36:22, 23; Yeremiya 51:7, 8.

12. (a) Kodi m’nthawi yathu ino, n’chifukwa chiyani tinganene kuti Babulo Wamkulu wagwa? (b) N’chiyani chikusonyeza kuti Yehova anakaniratu Matchalitchi Achikhristu?

¹² M’nthawi yathu ino panamvekanso mawu ofuula akuti Babulo Wamkulu wagwa. Mu 1919 zinthu zinasintha kwa Matchalitchi Achikhristu achibabulo, omwe ankaoneka kuti apambana mu 1918. Akhristu odzozedwa omwe anali ndi moyo padziko lapansi pa nthawiyi, anapatsidwa mphamvu n’kukhalanso ndi moyo mwauzimu. Apa Babulo Wamkulu anagwa, kutanthauza kuti analibenso mphamvu pa anthu a Mulungu. Abale odzozedwa a Khristu anatuluka kuphompho ngati dzombe lambiri, ndipo anali okonzeka kugwira ntchito. (Chivumbulutso 9:1-3; 11:11, 12) Akhristu amenewa ndi amene anakhala “kapolo wokhulupirika ndi wanzeru” wa m’nthawi yathu ino, ndipo Mbuye anawapatsa udindo woyang’anira zinthu zake zonse padziko lapansi. (Mateyu 24:45-47) Popeza kuti Yehova anagwiritsa ntchito Akhristuwa mwanjira imeneyi, zinasonyezeratu kuti iye anakaniratu Matchalitchi Achikhristu, ngakhale kuti matchalitchiwo amanena kuti akugwira ntchito ya Mulungu padziko lapansi pano. Kulambira koyera kunayambiranso, ndipo zimenezi zinapereka mpata womalizitsa ntchito yodinda chidindo pa Akhristu a 144,000 omwe anali adakali padziko lapansi. Akhristu amenewa ndi mbali ya mbewu ya mkazi, yemwe wakhala mdani wa Babulo Wamkulu kuyambira kalekale. Zonsezi zinasonyeza kuti gulu la Satana lachipembedzoli linagonjetsedwa mochititsa manyazi kwambiri.

Oyera Akufunika Kupirira

13. (a) Kodi mngelo wachitatu analengeza chiyani? (b) Kodi Yehova adzapereka chiweruzo chotani kwa amene akulandira chizindikiro cha chilombo?

¹³ Tsopano mngelo wachitatu analankhula. Yohane anati: “Mngelo wina wachitatu anawatsatira, ndipo ananena mofuula kuti: ‘Ngati wina walambira chilombo ndi chifaniziro chake, ndipo walandira chizindikiro pamphumi kapena padzanja lake, adzamwanso vinyo wosasungunula wa mkwiyo wa Mulungu amene akuthiridwa m’kapu ya mkwiyo wake.’” (Chivumbulutso 14:9, 10a) Lemba la Chivumbulutso 13:15-17 likusonyeza kuti m’tsiku la Ambuye, anthu amene sakulambira chifaniziro cha chilombo akuvutika, ngakhalenso kuphedwa kumene. Koma tsopano tikuona kuti Yehova watsimikiza mtima kuweruza anthu amene “ali ndi chizindikirocho, dzina la chilombo, kapena nambala ya dzina lake.” Anthu amenewa adzakakamizika kumwa zinthu zowawa za “m’kapu ya mkwiyo” wa Yehova. Kodi zimenezi zidzatanthauza chiyani kwa iwo? Mu 607 B.C.E., pamene Yehova anakakamiza Yerusalemu kuti amwe “chikho cha mkwiyo” wake, mzindawo ‘unalandidwa katundu ndi kuphwanyidwa, ndiponso unakumana ndi njala ndi lupanga,’ pamene Ababulo anaugonjetsa. (Yesaya 51:17, 19) Mofanana ndi zimenezi, amene amalambira maulamuliro andale a padziko lapansi komanso chifaniziro chawo chomwe ndi United Nations, akadzamwa za m’kapu ya mkwiyo wa Yehova, zotsatira zake zidzakhala zoopsa. (Yeremiya 25:17, 32, 33) Iwo adzawonongedwa n’kutheratu.

14. Kodi anthu amene akulambira chilombo ndi chifaniziro chake akuyenera kukumana ndi zotani asanawonongedwe n’komwe, ndipo Yohane anafotokoza bwanji zimenezi?

¹⁴ Koma zimenezi zisanachitike, amene ali ndi chizindikiro cha chilombo akuyenera kuzunzika chifukwa Yehova sakugwirizana nawo. Ponena za anthu olambira chilombocho ndi chifaniziro chake, mngelo uja anauza Yohane kuti: “Ndipo adzazunzidwa ndi moto ndi sulufule pamaso pa angelo oyera, ndi pamaso pa Mwanawankhosa. Ndipo utsi wa kuzunzidwa kwawo udzafuka kwamuyaya. Amene anali kulambira chilombo ndi chifaniziro chake, ndiponso aliyense amene walandira chizindikiro cha dzina lake, sadzapuma usana ndi usiku.”—Chivumbulutso 14:10b, 11.

15, 16. Kodi mawu akuti “moto ndi sulufule” pa Chivumbulutso 14:10 akutanthauza chiyani?

¹⁵ Ena amaona kuti moto ndi sulufule zimene zatchulidwa palembali zikupereka umboni wakuti kuli malo amene anthu amakapsa. Koma tikaona mwachidule ulosi wina wofanana ndi umenewu tingathe kudziwa tanthauzo lenileni la mawuwa palembali. Kale kwambiri m’nthawi ya Yesaya, Yehova anachenjeza mtundu wa Edomu kuti udzalangidwa chifukwa chakuti unkadana ndi Isiraeli. Iye anati: “Mitsinje yake idzasintha n’kukhala phula. Fumbi lake lidzakhala sulufule, ndipo dziko lake lidzakhala ngati phula loyaka moto. Usana ndi usiku, motowo sudzazima. Utsi wake uzidzakwera m’mwamba mpaka kalekale. Dzikolo lidzakhala louma ku mibadwomibadwo. Mpaka muyaya palibe amene adzadutseko.”—Yesaya 34:9, 10.

¹⁶ Kodi mtundu wa Edomu unaponyedwa kumalo amene anthu ena amakhulupirira kuti kuli moto wosazima, kuti ukhale ukupsa kwamuyaya? Ayi si choncho. Koma mtunduwu unafafanizika padziko lapansi, ndipo zinangokhala ngati unapserera ndi moto ndi sulufule. Dziko la Edomu silinalangidwe mpaka kalekale, koma linakhala malo opanda kanthu, opanda aliyense, ndipo linatha. (Yesaya 34:11, 12) Utsi wake ‘wokwera m’mwamba mpaka kalekale’ ukusonyeza bwino kwambiri zimenezi. Nyumba ikapsa, utsi umapitirizabe kufuka kwa nthawi yaitali motowo utasiya kuyaka, ndipo anthu oona amadziwa kuti panali moto woopsa. Ndipotu mpaka lero, anthu a Mulungu akuphunzirabe zambiri pa kuwonongedwa kwa Edomu. Choncho, ‘utsi wake’ ukufukabe mophiphiritsa.

17, 18. (a) Kodi chidzachitike n’chiyani kwa anthu amene analandira chizindikiro cha chilombo chija? (b) Kodi anthu amene akulambira chilombocho akuzunzidwa bwanji? (c) Kodi mawu akuti “utsi wa kuzunzidwa kwawo udzafuka kwamuyaya” akutanthauza chiyani?

¹⁷ Anthu amene ali ndi chizindikiro cha chilombo chija nawonso adzawonongedwa n’kutheratu ngati apserera ndi moto. Monga mmene ulosiwu ukusonyezera kutsogoloku, mitembo yawo sidzaikidwa m’manda ndipo idzadyedwa ndi zilombo komanso mbalame. (Chivumbulutso 19:17, 18) Choncho n’zoonekeratu kuti sadzazunzika mpaka kalekale. Nanga kodi mawu akuti “adzazunzidwa ndi moto ndi sulufule,” akutanthauza chiyani? Akutanthauza kuti ntchito yolengeza uthenga wa choonadi ikuvumbula chinyengo chawo ndipo ikuwachenjeza za chiweruzo cha Mulungu chimene chikubwera m’tsogolomu. Choncho, iwo amanyoza anthu a Mulungu, ndipo zikakhala zotheka, amanyengerera chilombo chandale chija kuti chizunze Mboni za Yehova, ngakhalenso kuzipha kumene. Pamapeto pa zonse, otsutsawa adzawonongedwa n’kutheratu, ndipo zidzangokhala ngati apserera ndi moto ndi sulufule. Kenako “utsi wa kuzunzidwa kwawo udzafuka kwamuyaya,” kutanthauza kuti chiweruzo cha Mulungu pa iwo chidzakhala ngati chitsanzo kwa aliyense amene angadzafunenso kutsutsa mfundo yakuti Yehova ndiye woyenera kulamulira chilengedwe chonse. Nkhani ya ulamuliroyi idzakhala itathetsedwa ndipo sidzayambiranso kwamuyaya.

¹⁸ Kodi ndani amene akupereka uthenga wozunzawu masiku ano? Kumbukirani kuti dzombe lophiphiritsa linapatsidwa mphamvu zoti lizunze anthu amene alibe chidindo cha Mulungu pamphumi pawo. (Chivumbulutso 9:5) Choncho zikuoneka kuti dzombelo, motsogoleredwa ndi angelo, ndi limene likupereka uthenga wozunza anthu. Dzombe lophiphiritsali likuchita zimenezi mwakhama kwambiri moti “amene anali kulambira chilombo ndi chifaniziro chake, ndiponso aliyense amene walandira chizindikiro cha dzina lake, sadzapuma usana ndi usiku.” Ndipo anthu oipawa akadzawonongedwa, “utsi wa kuzunzidwa kwawo udzafuka kwamuyaya,” kutanthauza kuti kuwonongedwa kwawoko kudzakhala umboni wamphamvu kwambiri, womwe udzakhalepo mpaka muyaya, wosonyeza kuti Yehova ndiye woyenera kulamulira. Akhristu odzozedwawa akuyenera kupitiriza kupirira mpaka anthu onse atadziwa kuti Yehova ndiye woyenera kulamulira. Izi zikugwirizana ndi zimene mngeloyo ananena pomaliza, kuti: “Kwa oyerawo, amene akusunga malamulo a Mulungu ndi kutsatira chikhulupiriro cha Yesu, apa ndiye pofunika kupirira.”—Chivumbulutso 14:12.

19. N’chifukwa chiyani oyerawo akufunika kupirira, ndipo Yohane ananena mawu ati owalimbikitsa?

¹⁹ Zoonadi, ‘oyerawo akufunika kupirira,’ ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti ayenera kulambira Yehova yekha kudzera mwa Yesu Khristu. Anthu ambiri sasangalala ndi uthenga wawo, ndipo amawatsutsa, kuwazunza ngakhalenso kuwapha kumene. Koma oyerawo amalimbikitsidwa ndi mawu otsatira a Yohane, akuti: “Kenako ndinamva mawu kuchokera kumwamba akuti: ‘Lemba: Odala ndiwo anthu amene akufa mwa Ambuye kuyambira pa nthawi ino kupita m’tsogolo. Mzimu ukuti, alekeni akapumule ku ntchito yawo imene anaigwira mwakhama, pakuti zimene anachita zikupita nawo limodzi.’”—Chivumbulutso 14:13.

20. (a) Kodi lonjezo limene Yohane analemba likugwirizana bwanji ndi ulosi wa Paulo wonena za kukhalapo kwa Yesu? (b) Kodi Akhristu odzozedwa amene akumwalira Satana atachotsedwa kumwamba analonjezedwa kuti adzakhala ndi mwayi wapadera wotani?

²⁰ Lonjezo limeneli likugwirizana bwino kwambiri ndi ulosi wa Paulo wonena za kukhalapo kwa Yesu, wakuti: “Amene anafa mwa Khristu adzauka choyamba. Pambuyo pake ife amoyo otsalafe [Akhristu odzozedwa amene adzakhalebe ndi moyo mpaka m’tsiku la Ambuye], limodzi ndi iwowo, tidzatengedwa m’mitambo kukakumana ndi Ambuye m’mlengalenga.” (1 Atesalonika 4:15-17) Satana atachotsedwa kumwamba, odzozedwa amene anafa mwa Khristu anali oyambirira kuuka. (Yerekezerani ndi Chivumbulutso 6:9-11.) Kenako, Akhristu odzozedwa amene akufa m’tsiku la Ambuye analonjezedwa kuti adzakhala ndi mwayi wapadera kwambiri. Iwo akangomwalira, amaukitsidwa nthawi yomweyo, “m’kuphethira kwa diso,” ndipo amapita kumwamba kukakhala ndi moyo wauzimu. (1 Akorinto 15:52) Umenewutu ndi mwayi wapadera kwambiri, ndipo ntchito zolungama zimene ankagwira amakazipitiriza kumwambako.

Zokolola za Padziko Lapansi

21. Kodi Yohane akutiuza chiyani za “zokolola za padziko lapansi”?

²¹ Yohane anasonyeza kuti pali enanso amene adzalandire madalitso pa tsiku lopereka chiweruzo limeneli. Iye anati: “Nditayang’ana, ndinaona mtambo woyera. Pamtambopo panakhala winawake ngati mwana wa munthu, atavala chisoti chachifumu chagolide kumutu kwake, chikwakwa chakuthwa chili m’dzanja lake. Mngelo wina [wachinayi] anatuluka m’nyumba yopatulika ya pakachisi, akufuula kwa wokhala pamtambo uja ndi mawu okweza, kuti: ‘Tsitsa chikwakwa chako ndi kuyamba kumweta, chifukwa ola la kumweta lafika. Pakuti zokolola za padziko lapansi zapsa bwino.’ Choncho wokhala pamtambo uja anatsitsira chikwakwa chake chija kudziko lapansi mwamphamvu, ndipo anamweta dziko lapansi.”—Chivumbulutso 14:14-16.

22. (a) Kodi ndani amene wavala chisoti chachifumu chagolide, amenenso wakhala pamtambo woyera? (b) Kodi ntchito yokolola ikufika liti pachimake, ndipo zimenezi zikuchitika bwanji?

²² Si zovuta kudziwa amene wakhala pamtambo woyerayo. Iye akufanana ndi mwana wa munthu ndipo wavala chisoti chachifumu chagolide. Choncho n’zoonekeratu kuti ameneyu ndi Yesu, Mfumu yomwenso ndi Mesiya, amenenso Danieli anamuona m’masomphenya. (Danieli 7:13, 14; Maliko 14:61, 62) Koma kodi zokolola zimene ulosiwu ukunena n’chiyani? Yesu ali padziko lapansi, anayerekezera ntchito yophunzitsa anthu kuti akhale ophunzira ake, ndi ntchito yokolola anthu padziko lonse. (Mateyu 9:37, 38; Yohane 4:35, 36) Ntchito yokololayi ikufika pachimake m’tsiku la Ambuye, pamene Yesu waikidwa pampando wachifumu n’kuyamba ntchito yopereka chiweruzo m’malo mwa Atate ake. Choncho nthawi ya ulamuliro wake kuyambira mu 1914, ndi nthawinso yosangalatsa yokolola.—Yerekezerani ndi Deuteronomo 16:13-15.

23. (a) Kodi ndani analamula kuti ntchito yokolola iyambike? (b) Kodi ndi ntchito yokolola yotani imene yakhala ikuchitika kuyambira mu 1919?

²³ Ngakhale kuti Yesu ndi Mfumu komanso Woweruza, iye anayembekezera lamulo lochokera kwa Yehova Mulungu wake kuti ayambe kumweta. Lamulo limenelo linamveka kuchokera “m’nyumba yopatulika ya pakachisi,” kudzera mwa mngelo, ndipo nthawi yomweyo Yesu anamvera. Choyamba, kuyambira mu 1919 kupita m’tsogolo, Yesu analamula angelo ake kuti amalizitse ntchito yokolola a 144,000. (Mateyu 13:39, 43; Yohane 15:1, 5, 16) Kenako anayamba kukolola kapena kuti kusonkhanitsa khamu lalikulu la nkhosa zina. (Yohane 10:16; Chivumbulutso 7:9) Zikuoneka kuti kuyambira mu 1931 mpaka 1935, anthu ambiri amene ankapezeka pa ntchito yokololayi ankanena kuti ndi a nkhosa zina. Mu 1935 Yehova anathandiza Akhristu odzozedwa kuti alidziwe bwino khamu lalikulu lotchulidwa pa Chivumbulutso 7:9-17. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo iwo anayamba kulimbikira kwambiri kugwira ntchito yosonkhanitsa khamu limeneli. Pofika chaka cha 2010, chiwerengero cha khamu limeneli chinaposa 7 miliyoni ndipo chikupitirizabe kuwonjezeka. N’zoonekeratu kuti wooneka ngati mwana wa munthu uja wakolola zinthu zambiri m’nthawi yamapeto ino, ndipo akusangalala kwambiri pogwira ntchito imeneyi.—Yerekezerani ndi Ekisodo 23:16; 34:22.

Kupondaponda Mpesa wa Padziko Lapansi

24. Kodi m’dzanja la mngelo wachisanu munali chiyani, ndipo mngelo wa 6 anafuula kuti chiyani?

²⁴ Ntchito yokolola anthu amene adzapulumuke ikadzatha, padzayambika ntchito inanso yokolola. Yohane anati: “Mngelo winanso [wachisanu] anatuluka m’nyumba yopatulika ya pakachisi amene ali kumwamba, nayenso ali ndi chikwakwa chakuthwa. Ndipo mngelo winanso [wa 6] anatuluka kuguwa lansembe. Iyeyu anali ndi ulamuliro pa moto. Anafuula kwa mngelo amene anali ndi chikwakwa chakuthwa uja ndi mawu okweza, akuti: ‘Tsitsa chikwakwa chako chakuthwacho umwete mpesa wa padziko lapansi, ndi kusonkhanitsa pamodzi masango a mphesa zake, chifukwa mphesa zakezo zapsa.’” (Chivumbulutso 14:17, 18) Apa tikuona kuti angelo apatsidwa ntchito yaikulu yokolola m’tsiku la Ambuye, ndipo akufunikira kusiyanitsa zokolola zabwino ndi zoipa.

25. (a) Kodi mfundo yakuti mngelo wachisanu anatuluka m’nyumba yopatulika ya pakachisi ikutanthauza chiyani? (b) N’chifukwa chiyani m’pomveka kuti lamulo lakuti ntchito yokolola iyambike linabwera ndi mngelo amene “anatuluka kuguwa lansembe”?

²⁵ Mngelo wachisanu anabwera kuchokera kwa Yehova, yemwe anali m’nyumba yopatulika ya pakachisi. Zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti ntchito yomalizira yokolola ikuchitikanso mogwirizana ndi chifuniro cha Yehova. Uthenga wolamula kuti mngeloyu ayambe ntchito yake unabwera ndi mngelo wina amene “anatuluka kuguwa lansembe.” Mfundo imeneyi ndi yofunika kwambiri chifukwa miyoyo ya anthu okhulupirika imene inali pansi pa guwalo, m’mbuyomu inafunsa kuti: “Mudzalekerera kufikira liti, Inu Ambuye Wamkulu Koposa, woyera ndi woona, osaweruza ndi kubwezera okhala padziko lapansi chifukwa cha magazi athu?” (Chivumbulutso 6:9, 10) Ntchito yokolola mpesa wa padziko lapansi idzachititsa kuti zinthu zimene miyoyoyi ikupempha, zoti Mulungu abwezere adani awo, zikwaniritsidwe.

26. Kodi “mpesa wa padziko lapansi” n’chiyani?

²⁶ Koma kodi “mpesa wa padziko lapansi” n’chiyani? Malemba Achiheberi amasonyeza kuti mtundu wa Ayuda unali ngati mtengo wa mpesa wa Yehova. (Yesaya 5:7; Yeremiya 2:21) Mofanana ndi zimenezi, Yesu Khristu komanso anthu amene adzatumikire naye limodzi mu Ufumu wa Mulungu amatchedwanso mtengo wa mpesa. (Yohane 15:1-8) Pa nkhani imeneyi, mfundo yofunika kwambiri ndi yakuti mtengo wa mpesa umabereka zipatso. Mtengo wa mpesa weniweni wachikhristu wabereka zipatso zambiri, ndipo zimenezi zachititsa kuti Yehova atamandidwe. (Mateyu 21:43) Choncho “mpesa wa padziko lapansi” uyenera kuti si mpesa weniweniwu, koma ndi mpesa wachinyengo wa Satana, kapena kuti maboma ake oipa amene akulamulira anthu. Kwa zaka zambiri, mtengo wa mpesa umenewu watulutsa “masango” a zipatso za ziwanda. Babulo Wamkulu, yemwe mbali yake yaikulu ndi matchalitchi a mpatuko, ndi amene ali ndi mphamvu kwambiri pa mpesa wapoizoni umenewu.—Yerekezerani ndi Deuteronomo 32:32-35.

27. (a) Kodi chidzachitike n’chiyani mngelo amene ali ndi chikwakwa akadzasonkhanitsa mpesa wa padziko lapansi? (b) Kodi ndi maulosi ati a m’Malemba Achiheberi amene akusonyeza kukula kwa ntchito yokolola?

²⁷ Tsopano chiweruzo chiyenera kuperekedwa. Yohane anati: “Mngeloyo anatsitsira chikwakwa chake kudziko lapansi mwamphamvu, ndi kumweta mpesa wa padziko lapansi. Ndiyeno anauponya m’choponderamo mphesa chachikulu cha mkwiyo wa Mulungu. Ndipo anapondaponda mopondera mphesamo kunja kwa mzinda, ndipo magazi anatuluka m’choponderamo mphesacho mpaka kufika m’zibwano za mahatchi, n’kuyenderera mtunda wa masitadiya 1,600.” (Chivumbulutso 14:19, 20) Mkwiyo wa Yehova pa mpesa umenewu unalengezedwa kalekale. (Zefaniya 3:8) Ulosi umene uli m’buku la Yesaya ukutitsimikizira kuti moponderamo mphesa mukadzapondedwapondedwa, mitundu yathunthu idzawonongedwa. (Yesaya 63:3-6) Yoweli nayenso analosera kuti “makamu ambirimbiri a anthu,” kapena kuti mitundu yathunthu, idzapondedwapondedwa n’kuwonongedwa “moponderamo mphesa, . . . m’chigwa choweruzira mlandu.” (Yoweli 3:12-14) Imeneyitu ndi ntchito yaikulu yokolola imene sidzachitikanso. Malinga ndi masomphenya a Yohane, si mphesa zokha zimene zidzakololedwe komanso mitengo yophiphiritsa ya mpesa idzadulidwa ndi kuponyedwa moponderamo mphesa ndipo idzapondedwapondedwa. Zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti mpesa wa padziko lapansi udzazulidwa ndipo sudzaphukanso.

28. Kodi ndani amene adzapondeponde mpesa wa padziko lapansi, ndipo mfundo yakuti mopondera mphesa ‘mudzapondedwapondedwa kunja kwa mzinda’ ikutanthauza chiyani?

²⁸ M’masomphenyawa, mahatchi ndi amene akupondaponda mpesawu, chifukwa magazi ochokera kumpesawo akufika “m’zibwano za mahatchi.” Popeza kuti mawu akuti “mahatchi” kawirikawiri amaimira nkhondo, ndiye kuti masomphenyawa akuimira zochitika pa nthawi ya nkhondo. Baibulo limanena kuti magulu ankhondo akumwamba amene akutsatira Yesu ku nkhondo yomaliza yochotsa dziko la Satanali, akupondaponda “m’chopondera mphesa cha mkwiyo waukulu wa Mulungu Wamphamvuyonse.” (Chivumbulutso 19:11-16) Zikuonekeratu kuti asilikali amenewa ndi omwenso akupondaponda mpesa wa padziko lapansi uja. Mopondera mphesa muja ‘munapondedwapondedwa kunja kwa mzinda,’ kutanthauza kunja kwa mzinda wa Ziyoni wakumwamba. M’pomveka kuti mpesa wa padziko lapansi upondedwepondedwe padziko lapansi. Koma mpesawu ‘udzapondedwapondedwanso kunja kwa mzinda.’ Zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti palibe choopsa chilichonse chimene chidzachitikire anthu amene ali m’gulu la mbewu ya mkazi amene adakali padziko lapansi, omwe akuimira Ziyoni wakumwamba. Akhristu amenewa limodzi ndi a khamu lalikulu adzakhala otetezeka m’mbali ya padziko lapansi ya gulu la Yehova.—Yesaya 26:20, 21.

29. Kodi magazi ochokera mopondera mphesa ndi ochuluka motani, ndipo akuyenderera mtunda wautali bwanji? Nanga zonsezi zikuimira chiyani?

²⁹ Zomwe zikuchitika m’masomphenya ochititsa chidwiwa zikufanana ndi ulosi wa pa Danieli 2:34, 44, womwe ukusonyeza kuti mwala umene ukuimira Ufumu, udzaphwanya maufumu a padziko lapansi. Pa nthawiyi padzakhaladi chiwonongeko chachikulu. Mtsinje wa magazi amene akuchokera mopondera mphesa muja ndi waukulu zedi moti magaziwo akufika m’zibwano za mahatchi, ndipo akuyenderera mtunda wa masitadiya 1,600.a Nambala yaikulu imeneyi, yomwe timaipeza tikachulukitsa zinthu zinayi ndi zinayi, n’kuchulukitsanso ndi zinthu 10 ndi 10 (4 x 4 x 10 x 10), ikupereka umboni wamphamvu wakuti chiwonongekocho chidzakhudza dziko lonse lapansi. (Yesaya 66:15, 16) Chiwonongekocho sichidzasiya malo ndipo zinthu zimene zidzawonongedwezo sizidzakhalaponso. Choncho mpesa wa Satana wa padziko lapansi sudzaphukanso mpaka kalekale.—Salimo 83:17, 18.

30. Kodi zipatso za mpesa wa Satana n’chiyani, ndipo ifeyo tikhale otsimikiza ndi mtima wonse kuti tichite chiyani?

³⁰ Popeza tikukhala m’nthawi yamapeto yeniyeni, masomphenya a ntchito yokolola ya mitundu iwiriyi ali ndi tanthauzo lalikulu kwa ife. Tikungofunika kuyang’ana zimene zikuchitika m’dzikoli kuti tione zipatso za mpesa wa Satana. M’dzikoli mukuchitika zinthu zambiri zimene zachititsa kuti Yehova azinyansidwa nalo. Zinthu zimenezi ndi monga kuchotsa mimba ndi kupha anthu m’njira zina, kugonana kwa amuna okhaokha kapena akazi okhaokha, chigololo ndi chiwerewere cha mtundu uliwonse, kusaona mtima komanso kupanda chikondi chachibadwa. Apa zikuonekeratu kuti mpesa wa Satana ukutulutsa “chomera chakupha ndi chitsamba chowawa.” Khalidwe loipa komanso lokonda kulambira mafano la mpesawu limanyozetsa Mlengi Wamkulu wa anthu. (Deuteronomo 29:18; 32:5; Yesaya 42:5, 8) Choncho ndi mwayi waukulu kugwirizana ndi Akhristu odzozedwa pogwira ntchito yokolola zipatso zabwino zimene Yesu akuzisonkhanitsa, imene ikuchititsa kuti Yehova atamandidwe. (Luka 10:2) Tonsefe tikhale otsimikiza ndi mtima wonse kuti tisadetsedwe ndi mpesa wa dzikoli. Tiyesetse kuti Yehova akamadzapereka chiweruzo chake choopsa, tisadzapondedwepondedwe pamodzi ndi mpesa wa dziko lapansi.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Bokosi patsamba 208]

‘Vinyo wa Dama Lake’

Mbali yaikulu ya Babulo Wamkulu ndi tchalitchi cha Katolika. Mtsogoleri wa tchalitchichi ndi papa amene amakhala ku Roma, ndipo tchalitchichi chimanena kuti mtumwi Petulo anali papa woyamba ndipo papa aliyense amabwera pambuyo pake. M’munsimu muli nkhani zina zimene zafalitsidwa zokhudza apapa amenewa:

Fomosasi (891-96): “Patapita miyezi 9 papa ameneyu atamwalira, anthu anafukula mtembo wake m’manda a apapa n’kuubweretsa kuti adzauimbe mlandu m’khoti lozengera milandu anthu omwalira. Sitefano [papa watsopano] ndi yemwe ankatsogolera pozenga mlanduwo. Papa womwalirayo ankaimbidwa mlandu wochita zinthu monyanyira kuti akhale pa udindowu, ndipo zinthu zonse zimene iye anasintha ali papa zinabwezeretsedwanso mwakale. . . . Mtembowo anauvula zovala zaupapa, ndipo anaudula zala za kudzanja lamanja.”—New Catholic Encyclopedia.

Sitefano wa 6 (896-97): “Patangopita miyezi yochepa [kuchokera pamene mtembo wa Fomosasi unazengedwa mlandu] anthu anachita ziwawa zimene zinachititsa kuti Papa Sitefano achotsedwe pa udindo. Iye analandidwa chizindikiro chaupapa, anatsekeredwa m’ndende kenako ananyongedwa.”—New Catholic Encyclopedia.

Serigio Wachitatu (904-11): “Apapa awiri amene anali pa udindowu iye asanakhalepo . . . ananyongedwa m’ndende. . . . Banja la Theophylactus ndi limene linkagwirizana kwambiri ndi papa ameneyu ku Roma. Anthu amanena kuti papayu ndi Marozia, mwana wamkazi wa m’banja limeneli, anabereka mwana wamwamuna (amene anadzakhala Papa Yohane wa 11).”—New Catholic Encyclopedia.

Sitefano wa 7 (928-31): “M’zaka zomalizira zaupapa wake, Papa Yohane wa 10 . . . anayambana ndi Marozia, yemwe anali ndi udindo waukulu kwambiri ku Roma [Donna Senatrix], ndipo anatsekeredwa m’ndende momwe anaphedwa. Kenako Marozia anapereka udindo waupapa kwa Papa Leo wa 6, amene anamwalira patangopita miyezi 6 ndi hafu. Amene analowa m’malo mwake ndi Sitefano wa 7, ndipo mwina amene anamuthandiza kuti akhale pa udindowu ndi Marozia. . . . M’zaka ziwiri zimene iye anali papa, analibe mphamvu chifukwa Marozia ndi amene ankamuuza zochita.”—New Catholic Encyclopedia.

Yohane wa 11 (931-35): “Sitefano wa 7 atamwalira . . . , Marozia amene anali wa m’banja la Theophylactus, anapereka udindo waupapa kwa mwana wake Yohane, amene anali mnyamata wa zaka zosakwana 25. . . . Pamene anali papa, iye ankangoyendera maganizo a mayi ake.”—New Catholic Encyclopedia.

Yohane wa 12 (955-64): “Anakhala pa udindowu asanakwane zaka 18, ndipo anthu olemba mbiri amene analipo m’nthawi yake amagwirizana pa mfundo yakuti iye analibe chidwi ndi zinthu zauzimu, ankakonda zachiwawa ndipo ankachita makhalidwe oipa kwambiri mochita kuonetsera.”—The Oxford Dictionary of Popes.

Benedikito wa 9 (1032-44; 1045; 1047-48): “Anatchuka ndi kugulitsa udindo waupapa kwa munthu wina kenako n’kuulandanso. Iye anachita zimenezi kawiri konse.”—The New Encyclopædia Britannica.

Choncho, m’malo motsanzira Petulo amene anali wokhulupirika, apapa amenewa ndi enanso ankalimbikitsa anthu kuchita zinthu zoipa. Iwo anachititsa kuti matchalitchi awo akhale ndi mlandu wamagazi, komanso ankachita dama lauzimu ndi chiwerewere ndiponso makhalidwe oipa ngati a Yezebeli. (Yakobo 4:4) Mu 1917, buku la Ophunzira Baibulo lakuti The Finished Mystery linafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane zambiri mwa mfundo zimenezi. Imeneyi inali njira imodzi imene Ophunzira Baibulo m’masiku amenewo ‘anakanthira dziko lapansi ndi mliri wamtundu uliwonse.’—Chivumbulutso 11:6; 14:8; 17:1, 2, 5.

[Chithunzi patsamba 206]

Khristu, amene wakhala pampando wachifumu, akupereka chiweruzo mothandizidwa ndi angelo

[Chithunzi patsamba 207]

Babulo atagwa mu 539 B.C.E., anthu amene anali akapolo mumzindawu anamasulidwa