“Umushumba” w’umwizerwa akaba n’incabwenge

“None ni nde [“mushumba w’umwizerwa kandi w’incabwenge”, “NW”] shebuja yosigarana abo mu rugo rwiwe”?—MATAYO 24:45.

1, 2. Ni kubera iki bihambaye ko turonka ubudahorereza imfungurwa zo mu vy’impwemu muri iki gihe?

KU WA kabiri ku muhingamo, igenekerezo rya 11 Nisani mu 33 G.C., abigishwa ba Yezu baravyuye ikibazo gifise insobanuro igera kure kuri twebwe muri iki gihe. Bamubajije bati: “Ikimenyetso kizoba iki [“c’ukuhaba kwawe n’ic’insozero ry’urunkwekwe rw’ibintu”?, NW]”. Mu kwishura, Yezu yavuze ubuhanuzi budasanzwe. Yavuze ivyerekeye ikiringo c’uruhagarara kirangwa n’intambara, amapfa, vya nyamugigima be n’indwara. Kandi ivyo vyobaye gusa ari “intango y’ububabare” (UB). Ibintu vyokwunyutse. Ese ukuntu ari ibintu biteye ubwoba vyari bigiye kuza!—Matayo 24:3, 7, 8, 15-22; Luka 21:10, 11.

² Kuva mu 1914, imice itari mike y’ubwo buhanuzi bwa Yezu yararangutse. Abantu bari mu “bubabare” burengeje. Naho ari ukwo, abakirisu b’ukuri ntibikenewe ko bagira ubwoba. Yezu yasezeranye yuko yobabungabunze mu kubaronsa imfungurwa zikomeza zo mu vy’impwemu. None ko ubu Yezu ari mw’ijuru, yatunganije gute ivy’uko hano kw’isi turonka imfungurwa zacu zo mu vy’impwemu?

3. Ni indinganizo izihe Yezu yadushiriyeho kugira turonke “ibifungurwa ku gihe kibereye”?

³ Yezu ubwiwe yarerekanye inyishu y’ico kibazo. Igihe yariko arashikiriza ubwo buhanuzi buhambaye, yabajije ati: “None ni nde [“mushumba w’umwizerwa kandi w’incabwenge”, NW] shebuja yosigarana abo mu rugo rwiwe, ngw aba[ronse “ibifungurwa ku gihe kibereye”, NW]?”. Yaciye yishura ati: “Hahirwa uwo mushumba shebuja agarutse [“ashitse”, NW] azosanga akora artyo. Ndababgira ukuri yukw azomuha kugaba ivy’afise vyose” (Matayo 24:45-47). Emwe, hobayeho “umushumba” yagenywe kugira ngo atange imfungurwa zo mu vy’impwemu, ni ukuvuga “umushumba” yobaye ari umwizerwa akaba n’incabwenge. Uwo mushumba yoba yari umuntu umwe gusa, urukurikirane rw’abantu, canke coba cari ikindi kintu? Kubera yuko uwo mushumba w’umwizerwa atanga imfungurwa nyinshi zo mu vy’impwemu zikenewe, birakwiriye ko tumenya inyishu y’ico kibazo.

Ni umuntu umwe canke ni umugwi w’abantu?

4. Tuzi gute yuko ‘uwo mushumba w’umwizerwa kandi w’incabwenge’ adashobora kuba umuntu umwe?

⁴ “[Uwo] mushumba w’umwizerwa kandi w’incabwenge” ntashobora kuba umuntu umwe. Kubera iki? Kubera yuko uwo mushumba yatanguye gutanga imfungurwa zo mu vy’impwemu mu kinjana ca mbere, kandi nk’uko Yezu yabivuze, uwo mushumba yobaye akiriko arabigira igihe Shebuja yashika mu 1914. Ivyo vyobaye bisigura yuko umuntu umwe yari kuba amaze nk’imyaka 1.900 arangura umurimo ari umwizerwa. Emwe, na Metusela ntiyaramvye bigeze iyo!—Itanguriro 5:27.

5. Sigura igituma imvugo “umushumba w’umwizerwa kandi w’incabwenge” iterekeza ku mukirisu umwumwe wese.

⁵ None, iyo mvugo “umushumba w’umwizerwa kandi w’incabwenge”, yoba muri rusangi yerekeza ku mukirisu umwumwe wese? Ni ivy’ukuri yuko abakirisu bose bategerezwa kuba abizerwa n’incabwenge; ariko rero, bigaragara ko Yezu yari afise ikindi kintu mu muzirikanyi igihe yavuga ivyerekeye “[uwo] mushumba w’umwizerwa kandi w’incabwenge”. Ivyo tubizi gute? Kubera yavuze yuko “shebuja agarutse [“ashitse”, NW]” yohaye uwo mushumba “kugaba ivy’afise vyose” (Ni twe tubihiritse.). Vyari gushoboka gute ko umukirisu umwumwe wese ahabwa kugaba ibintu vyose, ni ukuvuga kugaba ivyo Umukama afise “vyose”? Ivyo ntivyari gushoboka!

6. Ni gute ihanga rya Isirayeli ryari rigenewe gukora bwa “musavyi” w’Imana canke bwa “mushumba” wayo?

⁶ Iciyumviro conyene rero cumvikana umuntu yoshikako, ni ic’uko Yezu yariko yerekeza ku mugwi w’abakirisu ko ari bo bagize “[uwo] mushumba w’umwizerwa kandi w’incabwenge”. Vyoba bishoboka ko ivyo vyerekeza ku mushumba agizwe n’abantu benshi? Ego cane. Imyaka amajana indwi imbere y’uko Kirisitu aza, Yehova yarerekeje kw’ihanga rya Isirayeli ryose uko ryakabaye, aryita “ivyabona vyanje” be n’“[“umusavyi”, NW] [w]anje natoranije” (Yesaya 43:10). Umuntu wese wo mu bagize ihanga rya Isirayeli kuva mu 1513 B.G.C., igihe Ivyagezwe vya Musa vyatangwa, gushika kuri Pentekote yo mu 33 G.C, yari mu bagize uwo mugwi w’umusavyi wiwe. Abisirayeli benshi ntibagira uruhara ubwabo mu vyo gutunganya ivy’iryo hanga canke mu vyo kwungunganya porogarama yo kurigaburira mu vy’impwemu. Yehova yakoresha abami, abacamanza, abahanuzi, abaherezi be n’Abalewi kugira ngo barangure ivyo bikorwa. Naho ari ukwo, Isirayeli uko yari igize ihanga yategerezwa guserukira ubusegaba bwa Yehova ikongera ikamushemeza mu mahanga. Umwisirayeli wese yategerezwa kuba icabona ca Yehova.—Gusubira mu vyagezwe 26:19; Yesaya 43:21; Malaki 2:7; Abaroma 3:1, 2.

“Umusavyi” ahebwa

7. Ni kubera iki ihanga rya Isirayeli ya kera ritari rikwije ibisabwa vyo kuba “umusavyi” w’Imana?

⁷ Kubera yuko hari haciye ibinjana n’ibindi Isirayeli ari “umusavyi” w’Imana, yoba kandi ari yo yari wa mushumba Yezu yavuga? Oya, kubera yuko Isirayeli ya kera yahavuye igaragara mu buryo bubabaje ko itari umwizerwa canke incabwenge. Paulo arabivuga mu ncamake igihe asubiramwo amajambo Yehova yabwiye iryo hanga ati: “Izina ry’Imana muritukisha mu mahanga” (Abaroma 2:24). Si ivy’imbeshere, Isirayeli yaratumye ubugarariji bwayo bwari bumaze igihe kirekire bushika ku gihe cabwo c’agaheta mu gutera akagere Yezu, akaba ari na ho Yehova yaciye aritera akagere.—Matayo 21:42, 43.

8. Ni ryari “umusavyi” yagenywe ngo asubirire Isirayeli, kandi ibintu vyari vyifashe gute?

⁸ Ukwo kutizerwa kw’uwo “musavyi” ari we Isirayeli, ntikwasigura yuko abasavyi b’Imana b’abizerwa batokwigeze basubira kuronswa imfungurwa zo mu vy’impwemu. Kuri Pentekote yo mu 33 G.C., haciye imisi 50 Yezu azutse, impwemu yera yarasutswe ku bigishwa biwe bashika nka 120 bari mu cumba co hejuru i Yeruzalemu. Ico gihe, ihanga rishasha ryari rivutse. Birabereye kubona ivuka ry’iryo hanga ryamenyekanye igihe abarigize batangura kubwira bashize amanga ababa i Yeruzalemu ivyerekeye “ibitangaza vy’Imana” (Ivyakozwe 2:11). Kubera ico, iryo hanga rishasha, ari ryo hanga ryo mu buryo bw’impwemu, ryacitse wa “musavyi” yobwiye amahanga ubuninahazwa bwa Yehova akongera agatanga imfungurwa ku gihe kibereye (1 Petero 2:9). Birakwiriye kubona ryahavuye ryitwa ‘Isirayeli y’Imana’.—Abagalati 6:16, UB.

9. (a) Ni bande bagize “wa mushumba w’umwizerwa kandi w’incabwenge”? (b) “Abo mu rugo” ni bande?

⁹ Umuntu wese wo mu bagize ‘Isirayeli y’Imana’ ni umukirisu yiyeguye kandi yabatijwe, yasizwe impwemu yera kandi afise icizigiro c’ijuru. Ku bw’ivyo, imvugo “umushumba w’umwizerwa kandi w’incabwenge” yerekeza ku bantu bose bagize iryo hanga ryo mu buryo bw’impwemu ryasizwe uko bagize umugwi bo kw’isi mu gihe kinaka ico ari co cose kuva mu 33 G.C. gushika ubu, nk’uko n’Umwisirayeli wese yabayeho mu gihe kinaka ico ari co cose kuva mu 1513 B.G.C. gushika kuri Pentekote yo mu 33 G.C., yari mu bagize umugwi wa wa musavyi w’imbere y’ubukirisu. Ariko none, “abo mu rugo” bahabwa imfungurwa zo mu vy’impwemu na wa mushumba ni bande? Mu kinjana ca mbere G.C., umukirisu wese yari afise icizigiro c’ijuru. Ku bw’ivyo, abo mu rugo na bo nyene bari abakirisu basizwe, badafatiwe hamwe uko bagize umugwi, ariko bafashwe umwumwe ukwiwe. Bose hamwe, ushizemwo abari bafise amabanga mw’ishengero, bari bakeneye guhabwa imfungurwa zo mu vy’impwemu na wa mushumba.—1 Ab’i Korinto 12:12, 19-27; Abaheburayo 5:11-13; 2 Petero 3:15, 16.

“Umuntu wese igikorwa ciwe”

10, 11. Tuzi gute yuko abagize uwo mugwi w’umushumba bose badakora bimwe?

¹⁰ Naho ‘Isirayeli y’Imana’ ari umugwi wa wa mushumba w’umwizerwa kandi w’incabwenge ufise igikorwa ukora, umuntu wese mu bawugize arafise kandi amabanga amwega. Amajambo ya Yezu yanditse muri Mariko 13:34 aratomora ico kintu. Yavuze ati: “Ni nk’umuntu yasize urugo rwiwe, aja mu kindi gihugu, asigarana abashumba biwe urugo, kand’ahejeje kugerera umuntu wese igikorwa ciwe, abarira umuteramyi ngo yame agavye” (Ni twe tubihiritse.). Gutyo, umuntu wese mu bagize uwo mugwi w’umushumba yararonse igikebere, ni ukuvuga kwongereza ivyo Kirisitu afise kw’isi. Arangura ico gikorwa akurikije ubushobozi ubwiwe afise be n’uturyo afise.—Matayo 25:14, 15.

¹¹ Vyongeye, intumwa Petero yabwiye abakirisu basizwe bo mu gihe ciwe ati: “Nk’uk’umuntu wese yagabiwe ingabire [“nimuyikoreshe mu gukoreranira”, “NW”], nk’uko bibereye ababgiriza beza b’ubuntu bg’Imana bg’uburyo bginshi” (1 Petero 4:10). Ku bw’ivyo, abo basizwe barafise ibanga ryo gukoreranira bakoresheje ingabire Imana yabahaye. Ikigeretseko, amajambo ya Petero arerekana yuko abakirisu bose batogize ubushobozi bumwe, amabanga amwe canke uduteka tumwe. Ariko rero, umuntu wese mu bagize uwo mugwi w’umushumba, arashobora guterera agacumu k’ubumwe mu buryo bunaka kw’iyaguka ry’iryo hanga ryo mu vy’impwemu. Uti gute?

12. Ni gute umuntu wese mu bagize umugwi wa mushumba, yaba umugabo canke umugore, yaterera agacumu k’ubumwe kw’iyaguka ry’uwo mushumba?

¹² Ubwa mbere, umuntu wese yasabwa kuba icabona ca Yehova, mu kwamamaza inkuru nziza y’Ubwami (Yesaya 43:10-12; Matayo 24:14). Imbere gatoyi y’uko Yezu aduga mw’ijuru, yategetse abigishwa biwe bose b’abizerwa, abagabo n’abagore, kuba abigisha. Yavuze ati: “Nuko ni mugende, muhindure [“abantu bo mu mahanga yose”, NW] abigishwa, mubabatiza mw izina rya Data wa twese n’iry’Umwana n’iry’[im]pwemu [y]era; mubigishe kwitondera ivyo nabageze vyose. Umve, ndi kumwe namwe imisi yose, gushitsa ku muhero w’isi”.—Matayo 28:19, 20, ni twe tubihiritse.

13. Ni agateka akahe abasizwe bose bari bafise?

¹³ Igihe habonetse abigishwa bashasha, bategerezwa kwigishwa neza kwitondera ibintu vyose Kirisitu yari yarageze abigishwa biwe. Amaherezo, abavyakira neza barakwiza ibisabwa kugira bigishe abandi. Imfungurwa zikomeza zo mu vy’impwemu zararonkejwe abohavuye baba mu bagize umugwi w’umushumba bo mu mahanga menshi. Abakirisu basizwe bose, abagabo n’abagore, baragira uruhara mu gikorwa co guhindura abantu abigishwa (Ivyakozwe 2:17, 18). Ico gikorwa categerezwa kubandanya, guhera igihe uwo mushumba yatangura igikorwa ciwe ari bwo bwa mbere, gushitsa ku mpera y’uru runkwekwe rw’ibintu.

14. Uduteka two kwigisha mw’ishengero twagarukira kuri bande, kandi abavukanyikazi b’abizerwa basizwe bavyakira gute?

¹⁴ Abari baherutse kubatizwa baba basizwe, baca baja mu bagize uwo mushumba, kandi batarinze kuraba uwabigishije ubwa mbere, barabandanya guhabwa amacishabwenge n’abagize ishengero bari bakwije ibisabwa vyo mu Vyanditswe kugira ngo basukure ari abakurambere (1 Timoteyo 3:1-7; Tito 1:6-9). Abo bagabo bagenywe rero, bari bafise agateka ko guterera agacumu k’ubumwe kw’iyaguka ry’iryo hanga mu buryo budasanzwe. Abagore bakirisu b’abizerwa basizwe ntibababazwa n’uko abagabo bakirisu ari bo bonyene bashinzwe kwigisha mw’ishengero (1 Ab’i Korinto 14:34, 35). Ahubwo riho, barahimbarwa no kwungukira ku gikorwa abagabo bo mw’ishengero barangurana umwete kandi barakenguruka uduteka abagore bafise, harimwo n’ako gushira abandi amakuru y’akamwemwe. Abavukanyikazi b’abanyamwete basizwe bo muri iki gihe baragaragaza agatima nk’ako nyene ko kwicisha bugufi, abakurambere bagenywe baba ari abasizwe canke atari bo.

15. Rimwe mu masôko nyamukuru yavamwo imfungurwa zo mu vy’impwemu mu kinjana ca mbere ryari irihe, kandi ni bande baja imbere abandi mu kuzitanga?

¹⁵ Imfungurwa zo mu vy’impwemu z’ishimikiro zatangwa mu kinjana ca mbere, zava mu makete yanditswe n’intumwa be n’abandi bigishwa baja imbere abandi. Ayo makete banditse, na canecane ayo dusanga muri vya bitabu 27 vyahumetswe bigize Ivyanditswe vy’ikigiriki vya gikirisu, yaza arahanahanwa mu mashengero kandi nta gukeka ko ari yo abakurambere b’aho bishimikiza mu kwigisha. Muri ubwo buryo, abaserukira wa mushumba, babigiranye ubwizerwe, bararonsa imfungurwa zo mu vy’impwemu zinuze abakirisu b’inziraburyarya. Umugwi wa wa mushumba wo mu kinjana ca mbere waragaragaje ko ari umwizerwa ku gikorwa washinzwe.

Wa “mushumba” haciye ibinjana 19

16, 17. Umugwi wa wa mushumba wagaragaje gute ubwawo ko ari umwizerwa mu kurangura igikorwa cawo mu myaka n’iyindi gushika mu 1914?

¹⁶ Tuvuge iki muri iki gihe? Igihe ukuhaba kwa Yezu kwatangura mu 1914, yoba yarasanzeho umugwi w’abakirisu basizwe wariko uratanga imfungurwa ku gihe kibereye, ubigiranye ubwizerwe? Cane nyene. Uwo mugwi warashobora kumenyekana mu buryo butomoye kubera ivyamwa vyiza wariko urama (Matayo 7:20). Kuva ico gihe, kahise karerekanye yuko ari uko vyari biri.

¹⁷ Igihe Yezu yashika, abagize umugwi wa wa mushumba bashika nka 5.000 bariko barakora cane mu gukwiragiza ukuri kwa Bibiliya. Abakozi bari bake, mugabo uwo mushumba yarakoresheje uburyo bushasha bwinshi kugira ngo akwiragize inkuru nziza (Matayo 9:38). Nk’akarorero, hararinganijwe ivy’uko insiguro zishingiye ku biganiro vyo muri Bibiliya zisohorwa mu binyamakuru bishika nka 2.000. Muri ubwo buryo, ukuri kw’Ijambo ry’Imana kwarashikiriye abasomyi ibihumbi mirongo icarimwe. Ikigeretseko, harateguwe porogarama yo kwerekana amadiyapozitive be n’amasenema yamara amasaha umunani. Kubera ubwo buryo bushasha, ubutumwa bwo muri Bibiliya, uhereye ku ntango y’Irema ugashika ku mpera ya ya Ngoma ya Kirisitu y’imyaka igihumbi, bwarashikirijwe abantu barenga imiliyoni icenda mu mashinga atatu. Ibisohokayandikiro bicapuwe bwari ubundi buryo bwakoreshwa. Nk’akarorero, mu 1914 harasohowe amakopi y’iki kinyamakuru ashika nka 50.000.

18. Ni ryari Yezu yahaye wa mushumba kugaba ivyo afise vyose, kandi kubera iki?

¹⁸ Emwe, igihe Shebuja yashika, yasanze umushumba wiwe w’umwizerwa ariko aragaburira abo mu rugo yongera yamamaza inkuru nziza abishizeko umutima. Amabanga ahambaye kuruta yari arindiriye uwo mushumba ico gihe. Yezu yavuze ati: “Ndababgira ukuri yukw azomuha kugaba ivy’afise vyose” (Matayo 24:47). Ivyo Yezu yabigize mu 1919, inyuma y’aho uwo mushumba amariye kurengana ikiringo c’isuzumwa. Ni kubera iki none “wa mushumba w’umwizerwa kandi w’incabwenge” yaronse amabanga ahambaye kuruta? Ni kubera yuko ivyo Shebuja afise vyari vyongerekanye. Yezu yahawe ubwami mu 1914.

19. Sigura ukuntu ivyo “ishengero ryinshi” rikeneye mu vy’impwemu vyitwararitswe.

¹⁹ Ni ibintu ibihe uwo Shebuja aherutse kwambikwa igitsibo c’ubwami afise yajeje umushumba wiwe w’umwizerwa? Ni ibintu vyose vyo mu vy’impwemu afise hano kw’isi. Nk’akarorero, haciye imyaka mirongo ibiri kuva Kirisitu yimitswe mu 1914, “ishengero ryinshi” ry’“izindi ntama” ryaramenyekanye (Ivyahishuriwe 7:9; Yohana 10:16). Abo ntibari abantu basizwe bo mu bagize ‘Isirayeli y’Imana’, ariko bari abagabo n’abagore b’inziraburyarya bafise icizigiro co kuba kw’isi, bakunda Yehova kandi bashaka kumusukurira nk’uko nyene abasizwe babigira. Nkako, babwiye “wa mushumba w’umwizerwa kandi w’incabwenge” bati: “Turajana, kuko twumvise yukw Imana iri kumwe namwe” (Zekariya 8:23). Abo bakirisu baherutse kubatizwa bihereza imfungurwa zinuze zo mu vy’impwemu nka zirya nyene abo mu rugo basizwe bihereza, kandi iyo migwi uko ari ibiri, kuva ico gihe irasangira ivyo bifungurwa vyo mu vy’impwemu. Ese ukuntu ivyo vyabaye umuhezagiro ku bagize “ishengero ryinshi”!

20. Ni uruhara uruhe “ishengero ryinshi” ryagize mu kwongereza ivyo Umukama afise?

²⁰ Abagize “ishengero ryinshi” barifatanije banezerewe n’umugwi wa wa mushumba mu kwamamaza inkuru nziza. Uko bamamaza, ni ko ivyo Umukama afise kw’isi vyongerekana, ivyo bigatuma amabanga ya “wa mushumba w’umwizerwa kandi w’incabwenge” yiyongera. Kubera yuko abarondera ukuri batera biyongera, vyabaye nkenerwa ko inyubakwa z’icapuriro zagurwa kugira haboneke ibisohokayandikiro bishingiye kuri Bibiliya bikenewe. Ibiro vy’amashami vy’Ivyabona vya Yehova vyarashinzwe mu bihugu vyinshi. Abamisiyonari bararungitswe “gushitsa ku mpera y’isi” (Ivyakozwe 1:8). Guhera nko ku basizwe ibihumbi bitanu bari bahari mu 1914, abashemeza Imana barongerekanye gushika ku miliyoni zirenga zitandatu muri iki gihe, abenshi muri bo bakaba ari abo mu bagize “ishengero ryinshi”. Ego cane, ivyo Umwami afise vyariyongereye incuro nyinshi kuva igihe yambikwa igitsibo c’ubwami mu 1914!

21. Ni imigani ibiri iyihe turimbura mu cigwa cacu gikurikira?

²¹ Ivyo vyose birerekana yuko uwo mushumba yamye ari ‘umwizerwa akaba n’incabwenge’. Agiheza kuvuga ivyerekeye “[uwo] mushumba w’umwizerwa kandi w’incabwenge”, Yezu yaciye atanga imigani ibiri ishimika kuri izo kamere: umugani w’inkumi z’incabwenge n’inkumi z’ibijuju be n’umugani w’ababikijwe italanto (Matayo 25:1-30). Ese ukuntu twipfuza kubimenya! Iyo migani ifise insobanuro iyihe kuri twebwe muri iki gihe? Turarimbura ico kibazo mu kiganiro gikurikira.

Uvyiyumvirako iki?

• Ni bande bagize “wa mushumba w’umwizerwa kandi w’incabwenge”?

• “Abo mu rugo” ni bande?

• Ni ryari wa mushumba w’umwizerwa yahawe kugaba ivyo Umukama afise vyose, kandi ni kubera iki yabihawe ico gihe?

• Ni bande bafashije kwongereza ivyo Umukama afise muri iyi myaka mirongo iheze, kandi gute?

[Amafoto ku rup. 10]

Umugwi wa wa mushumba wo mu kinjana ca mbere waragaragaje ko ari umwizerwa ku gikorwa washinzwe